Alhassanain(p) Network for Heritage and Islamic Thought

Chapter 114

The birth of al-Zahra’, Fatima (a.s.)

وُلِدَتْ فَاطِمَةُ عَلَيْهَا وَعَلَى بَعْلِهَا السَّلامُ بَعْدَ مَبْعَثِ رَسُولِ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) بِخَمْسِ سِنِينَ وَتُوُفِّيَتْ (عليها السلام) وَلَهَا ثَمَانَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً وَخَمْسَةٌ وَسَبْعُونَ يَوْماً وَبَقِيَتْ بَعْدَ أَبِيهَا (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) خَمْسَةً وَسَبْعِينَ يَوْماً.

Fatima (a.s.) was born five years after the Messenger of Allah declared his message. She died when she was eighteen years and seventy five days old. She lived for seventy five days after the death of her father (s.a).”

1ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ (عليها السلام) مَكَثَتْ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) خَمْسَةً وَسَبْعِينَ يَوْماً وَكَانَ دَخَلَهَا حُزْنٌ شَدِيدٌ عَلَى أَبِيهَا وَكَانَ يَأْتِيهَا جَبْرَئِيلُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَيُحْسِنُ عَزَاءَهَا عَلَى أَبِيهَا وَيُطَيِّبُ نَفْسَهَا وَيُخْبِرُهَا عَنْ أَبِيهَا وَمَكَانِهِ وَيُخْبِرُهَا بِمَا يَكُونُ بَعْدَهَا فِي ذُرِّيَّتِهَا وَكَانَ علي (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَكْتُبُ ذَلِكَ.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from ibn al-Ri’ab from abu ‘Ubayda from abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who has said the following. “Fatima live for seventy five days of the death of the Messenger of Allah. She has become extremely sad for her father. Jibril would come to her for condolences because of the death of her father and to provide solace. He would inform her about her father about the where he was and about what would happen after her death to her descendants and Ali (a.s.) would down such information.”

2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنِ الْعَمْرَكِيِّ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ (عليها السلام) صِدِّيقَةٌ شَهِيدَةٌ وَإِنَّ بَنَاتِ الانْبِيَاءِ لا يَطْمَثْنَ.

2. Muhammad in Yahya has narrated from al-‘Amrakiy ibn Ali from Ali ibn Ja‘far from his brother from abu al-Hassan (a.s.) who has said the following. “Fatima is truthful and a martyr. The daughter of the prophet do not experience menses.”

3ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ رَحِمَهُ الله رَفَعَهُ وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ الشَّيْبَانِيِّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الرَّازِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْهُرْمُزَانِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله الْحُسَيْنِ بن علي (عَلَيْهما السَّلام) قَالَ لَمَّا قُبِضَتْ فَاطِمَةُ (عليها السلام) دَفَنَهَا أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ سِرّاً وَعَفَا عَلَى مَوْضِعِ قَبْرِهَا ثُمَّ قَامَ فَحَوَّلَ وَجْهَهُ إِلَى قَبْرِ رَسُولِ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَقَالَ السَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ الله عَنِّي وَالسَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ عَنِ ابْنَتِكَ وَزَائِرَتِكَ وَالْبَائِتَةِ فِي الثَّرَى بِبُقْعَتِكَ وَالْمُخْتَارِ الله لَهَا سُرْعَةَ اللِّحَاقِ بِكَ قَلَّ يَا رَسُولَ الله عَنْ صَفِيَّتِكَ صَبْرِي وَعَفَا عَنْ سَيِّدَةِ نِسَاءِ الْعَالَمِينَ تَجَلُّدِي إِلا أَنَّ لِي فِي التَّأَسِّي بِسُنَّتِكَ فِي فُرْقَتِكَ مَوْضِعَ تَعَزٍّ فَلَقَدْ وَسَّدْتُكَ فِي مَلْحُودَةِ قَبْرِكَ وَفَاضَتْ نَفْسُكَ بَيْنَ نَحْرِي وَصَدْرِي بَلَى وَفِي كِتَابِ الله لِي أَنْعَمُ الْقَبُولِ إِنَّا لله وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ قَدِ اسْتُرْجِعَتِ الْوَدِيعَةُ وَأُخِذَتِ الرَّهِينَةُ وَأُخْلِسَتِ الزَّهْرَاءُ فَمَا أَقْبَحَ الْخَضْرَاءَ وَالْغَبْرَاءَ يَا رَسُولَ الله أَمَّا حُزْنِي فَسَرْمَدٌ وَأَمَّا لَيْلِي فَمُسَهَّدٌ وَهَمٌّ لا يَبْرَحُ مِنْ قَلْبِي أَوْ يَخْتَارَ الله لِي دَارَكَ الَّتِي أَنْتَ فِيهَا مُقِيمٌ كَمَدٌ مُقَيِّحٌ وَهَمٌّ مُهَيِّجٌ سَرْعَانَ مَا فَرَّقَ بَيْنَنَا وَإِلَى الله أَشْكُو وَسَتُنْبِئُكَ ابْنَتُكَ بِتَظَافُرِ أُمَّتِكَ عَلَى هَضْمِهَا فَأَحْفِهَا السُّؤَالَ وَاسْتَخْبِرْهَا الْحَالَ فَكَمْ مِنْ غَلِيلٍ مُعْتَلِجٍ بِصَدْرِهَا لَمْ تَجِدْ إِلَى بَثِّهِ سَبِيلاً وَسَتَقُولُ وَيَحْكُمُ الله وَهُوَ خَيْرُ الْحَاكِمِينَ سَلامَ مُوَدِّعٍ لا قَالٍ وَلا سَئِمٍ فَإِنْ أَنْصَرِفْ فَلا عَنْ مَلالَةٍ وَإِنْ أُقِمْ فَلا عَنْ سُوءِ ظَنٍّ بِمَا وَعَدَ الله الصَّابِرِينَ وَاهَ وَاهاً وَالصَّبْرُ أَيْمَنُ وَأَجْمَلُ وَلَوْ لا غَلَبَةُ الْمُسْتَوْلِينَ لَجَعَلْتُ الْمُقَامَ وَاللَّبْثَ لِزَاماً مَعْكُوفاً وَلاعْوَلْتُ إِعْوَالَ الثَّكْلَى عَلَى جَلِيلِ الرَّزِيَّةِ فَبِعَيْنِ الله تُدْفَنُ ابْنَتُكَ سِرّاً وَتُهْضَمُ حَقَّهَا وَتُمْنَعُ إِرْثَهَا وَلَمْ يَتَبَاعَدِ الْعَهْدُ وَلَمْ يَخْلَقْ مِنْكَ الذِّكْرُ وَإِلَى الله يَا رَسُولَ الله الْمُشْتَكَى وَفِيكَ يَا رَسُولَ الله أَحْسَنُ الْعَزَاءِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْكَ وَعَلَيْهَا السَّلامُ وَالرِّضْوَانُ.

3. Ahmad ibn Mihran, may Allah grant him blessing, has narrated from narrated in a in a marfu‘ manner and Ahmad ibn Idris has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar al-Shaybani has said that narrated to me al-Qasim ibn Muhammad al-Razi who has said that narrated to him Ali ibn Muhammad al-Hurmuzi from abu ‘Abdallah al-Husayn ibn Ali (a.s.) who has said the following. “When Fatima (a.s.) passed away Amir al-Mu’minin Ali (a.s.) buried her secretly, camouflaged her grave site he then stood up facing the grave of the Messenger of Allah said, “O the Messenger of Allah may He grant you blessings on behalf of me the on behalf of your daughter who is visiting you and will pass this night in the soil in your location whom Allah chose to make join you the fastest. O the Messenger of Allah of my patience has reached to the brims and I miss so much your chosen one (daughter) and my self-control is banished for the departure of the leader of the ladies of the worlds. The only solace for me is to follow your tradition and be mournful for your own departure from us. A little while ago I placed you in your grave and your spirit left your body between my own throat and chest. Yes, in the book of Allah (for me) there is the best form to express acceptance of Allah’s decision ““We are the servants of God and to Him we shall all return.” (2:156) The trust is returned and the commit is recalled amd al-Zahra’ is taken away from us. How sad, O the Messenger of Allah, the green skies and the dusty earth seem to us. My sadness has become perpetual and my night have become sleepless. There is an anxiety that will not relieve my heart until Allah will chose for me the dwelling like that where you are. I have a heart bleeding sorrow and a restless anxiety. How quickly the separation took place? To Allah I raise my complains and your own daughter will explain to you how your ’Umma (followers) succeeded in committing injustice against her. You may ask her questions and find information about the case from her. How great was the sorrow that she will find a place and an ear to express to. She would say Allah will judge because he is the best judge. I offer my prayer to Allah to grant you blessings as a note of farewell but not because of disappointment and despaired. If I return it is not that I have become tired and if I will stand up it will not be because of pessimism in the promise of Allah to those who exercise patience. Indeed to exercise patience is more safe and fruitful. Had not been for the mischief of the enemies I would have turned the place a place of worship andd would have kept my worship continuous and would cried like the mothers for the death of their son for the great loss. In the sight of Allah your daughter is buried secretly, her rights are taken away unjustly, her inheritance is withheld for no valid reason. It all has happen just after you left and your memories are still fresh. To Allah O the Messenger of Allah we complain and from youu O the Messenger of Allah we seek condolences. May Allah grant blessings to you and to her. May the peace and happiness of Allah be with you.”

4ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ لابِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) مَنْ غَسَلَ فَاطِمَةَ قَالَ ذَاكَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَكَأَنِّي اسْتَعْظَمْتُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ فَقَالَ كَأَنَّكَ ضِقْتَ بِمَا أَخْبَرْتُكَ بِهِ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ قَدْ كَانَ ذَاكَ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ قَالَ فَقَالَ لا تَضِيقَنَّ فَإِنَّهَا صِدِّيقَةٌ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ يَغْسِلُهَا إِلا صِدِّيقٌ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ مَرْيَمَ لَمْ يَغْسِلْهَا إِلا عِيسَى.

4. A number of our people has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Salim from al-Faddal who has said the following. “I asked abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.), “Who washed Fatima (for burial)?” he said, “Amir al-Mu’minin Ali (a.s.) did.” My impression from his words seemed to be an extraordinary one. He said, “You seem to be constrained from what I said.” The narrator has said that I replied, “Yes, May Allah take my soul in service for your cause, it is so.” The narrator has said that the Imam (a.s.) then said, “Do not be constrained. She was the all truism person and no one has the authority to wash an all truism person but another all truism person. Did you not know that no one could wash Mary but Jesus.”

5ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْجُعْفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالا إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ (عليها السلام) لَمَّا أَنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ مَا كَانَ أَخَذَتْ بِتَلابِيبِ عُمَرَ فَجَذَبَتْهُ إِلَيْهَا ثُمَّ قَالَتْ أَمَا وَالله يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ لَوْ لا أَنِّي أَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُصِيبَ الْبَلاءُ مَنْ لا ذَنْبَ لَهُ لَعَلِمْتَ أَنِّي سَأُقْسِمُ عَلَى الله ثُمَّ أَجِدُهُ سَرِيعَ الاجَابَةِ.

5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il fmSalih ibn ‘Aqaba from ‘Abdallah ibn Muhammad al-Ju‘fi from abu Ja‘far (a.s.) and abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who has said the following. “During the time of their doing (setting the door on fire) what they did Fatima held ‘Umar by his collar and pulled (down) saying, “By Allah, O son of al-Khattab, had I not disliked to inflicting calamity up on the innocent people, you would have learned how quickly my swearing up on Allah would have brought the swift response (with the wrath of Allah up on you).”

6ـ وَبِهَذَا الاسْنَادِ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ عَنْ ابي جعفر (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ لَمَّا وُلِدَتْ فَاطِمَةُ (عليها السلام) أَوْحَى الله إِلَى مَلَكٍ فَأَنْطَقَ بِهِ لِسَانَ مُحَمَّدٍ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَسَمَّاهَا فَاطِمَةَ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنِّي فَطَمْتُكِ بِالْعِلْمِ وَفَطَمْتُكِ مِنَ الطَّمْثِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) وَالله لَقَدْ فَطَمَهَا الله بِالْعِلْمِ وَعَنِ الطَّمْثِ فِي الْمِيثَاقِ.

6. Through the same chain of narrators it is narrated from Salih ibn ‘Aqaba from Yazid ibn ‘Abd al-Malik from abu Ja‘far (a.s.) who has said the following. “When Fatima (a.s.) was born Allah sent an angel to make the tongue of Muhammad (s.a) call her ‘Fatima’. Then he said, “I set you free (from ignorance) with knowledge and set you free from menses.” Abu Ja‘far (a.s.) then said, “By Allah, He had set her free with knowledge (from ignorance) and from menses at the time universal covenant (al-Mithaq).”

7ـ وَبِهَذَا الاسْنَادِ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ ابي جعفر (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) لِفَاطِمَةَ (عليها السلام) يَا فَاطِمَةُ قُومِي فَأَخْرِجِي تِلْكَ الصَّحْفَةَ فَقَامَتْ فَأَخْرَجَتْ صَحْفَةً فِيهَا ثَرِيدٌ وَعُرَاقٌ يَفُورُ فَأَكَلَ النَّبِيُّ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَعَلِيٌّ وَفَاطِمَةُ وَالْحَسَنُ وَالْحُسَيْنُ ثَلاثَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْماً ثُمَّ إِنَّ أُمَّ أَيْمَنَ رَأَتِ الْحُسَيْنَ مَعَهُ شَيْ‏ءٌ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ مِنْ أَيْنَ لَكَ هَذَا قَالَ إِنَّا لَنَأْكُلُهُ مُنْذُ أَيَّامٍ فَأَتَتْ أُمُّ أَيْمَنَ فَاطِمَةَ فَقَالَتْ يَا فَاطِمَةُ إِذَا كَانَ عِنْدَ أُمِّ أَيْمَنَ شَيْ‏ءٌ فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ لِفَاطِمَةَ وَوُلْدِهَا وَإِذَا كَانَ عِنْدَ فَاطِمَةَ شَيْ‏ءٌ فَلَيْسَ لامِّ أَيْمَنَ مِنْهُ شَيْ‏ءٌ فَأَخْرَجَتْ لَهَا مِنْهُ فَأَكَلَتْ مِنْهُ أُمُّ أَيْمَنَ وَنَفِدَتِ الصَّحْفَةُ فَقَالَ لَهَا النَّبِيُّ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) أَمَا لَوْ لا أَنَّكِ أَطْعَمْتِهَا لاكَلْتِ مِنْهَا أَنْتِ وَذُرِّيَّتُكِ إِلَى أَنْ تَقُومَ السَّاعَةُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) وَالصَّحْفَةُ عِنْدَنَا يَخْرُجُ بِهَا قَائِمُنَا (عجل الله تعالى فرجه الشريف) فِي زَمَانِهِ.

7. Through the same chain of narrators it is narrated from Salih ibn ‘Aqaba from ‘Amr ibn Shimr from Jabir from abu Ja‘far (a.s.) who has said the following. “Once the Holy Prophet (s.a) said to Fatima, “Rise and bring that tray.” She went and took out the tray with fresh bread and steaming meat on it. The Holy Prophet (s.a), Ali, Fatima, al-Hassan and al-Husayn (a.s.) continued to have their meals from it for thirteen days. Then ’Umm Ayman saw al-Husayn with certain things with him. She asked, “Where from did you get it?” He replied, “We are having this for our meal for the past thirteen days.” ’Umm Ayman came to Fatima and said, “O Fatima, “If ’Umm Ayman would have anything it is all for Fatima and her sons but if Fatima would have anything then there is nothing in it for ’Umm Ayman. She (Fatima) then took out from the tray food for her and ’Umm Ayman ate but the food from the tray banished. The Holy Prophet (s.a) said, “Had you not fed her (a non-infallible) from it you and your descendants would have had food from it up to the Day of Judgment.” Abu Ja‘far (a.s.) then said, “The tray is with us and our Al-Qa’im (the one who will rise with Divine Authority) will take it out at his time.”

8ـ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ بَيْنَا رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) جَالِسٌ إِذْ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ مَلَكٌ لَهُ أَرْبَعَةٌ وَعِشْرُونَ وَجْهاً فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) حَبِيبِي جَبْرَئِيلُ لَمْ أَرَكَ فِي مِثْلِ هَذِهِ الصُّورَةِ قَالَ الْمَلَكُ لَسْتُ بِجَبْرَئِيلَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ بَعَثَنِي الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَنْ أُزَوِّجَ النُّورَ مِنَ النُّورِ قَالَ مَنْ مِمَّنْ قَالَ فَاطِمَةَ مِنْ عَلِيٍّ قَالَ فَلَمَّا وَلَّى الْمَلَكُ إِذَا بَيْنَ كَتِفَيْهِ مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ الله عَلِيٌّ وَصِيُّهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مُنْذُ كَمْ كُتِبَ هَذَا بَيْنَ كَتِفَيْكَ فَقَالَ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَخْلُقَ الله آدَمَ بِاثْنَيْنِ وَعِشْرِينَ أَلْفَ عَامٍ.

8. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla ibn Muhammad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ali from Ali ibn Ja‘far who has said the following. “I heard abu al-Hassan (a.s.) say, ‘Once when the Messenger of Allah was sitting an angel who had twenty four faces came to him. The Messenger of Allah said to him, “My friend Jibril, I had not seen you in this form before.” The angel said, “ Iam not Jibril, O Muhammad. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most gracious, has sent me to join in marriage the light with the light.” He then asked, “Who with who?” The angel said, “Fatima and Ali (a.s.).” The Imam (a.s.) said, “When the angel turned back on his shoulder it said, “Muhammad the Messenger of Allah, and Ali (a.s.) the executor of his will.” The Messenger of Allah asked, “Since when this has been written on your shoulder?” The angel replied, “It was there twenty two thousand year before Allah created Adam.”

9ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ قَبْرِ فَاطِمَةَ (عليها السلام) فَقَالَ دُفِنَتْ فِي بَيْتِهَا فَلَمَّا زَادَتْ بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ صَارَتْ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ.

9. Ali ibn Muhammad and others have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr who has said the following. “I asked al-Rida (a.s.) about the grave of Fatima (a.s.). He said, “She was buried in her own house. When the Amawids enlarged the Mosque it became part of the Mosque.”

10ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنِ الْخَيْبَرِيِّ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ ظَبْيَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ لَوْ لا أَنَّ الله تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى خَلَقَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) لِفَاطِمَةَ مَا كَانَ لَهَا كُفْوٌ عَلَى ظَهْرِ الارْضِ مِنْ آدَمَ وَمَنْ دُونَهُ.

10. A number of our people has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Washsha’ from al-Khaybari from Yunus ibn Zabyan who has said the following. “I heard abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) say, ‘Had Allah not created Amir al-Mu’minin Ali (a.s.) for Fatima, there would been no match on earth for her from Adam to the end.”

Chapter 115

The Birth of al-Hassan ibn Ali (a.s.)

وُلِدَ الْحَسَنُ بن علي (عَلَيْهما السَّلام) فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي سَنَةِ بَدْرٍ سَنَةِ اثْنَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْهِجْرَةِ وَرُوِيَ أَنَّهُ وُلِدَ فِي سَنَةِ ثَلاثٍ وَمَضَى (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي شَهْرِ صَفَرٍ فِي آخِرِهِ مِنْ سَنَةِ تِسْعٍ وَأَرْبَعِينَ وَمَضَى وَهُوَ ابْنُ سَبْعٍ وَأَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً وَأَشْهُرٍ وَأُمُّهُ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ رَسُولِ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه )

Al-Hassan ibn Ali (a.s.) was born in the month of Ramadan in the year that the battle of Badr took place, the second year after Hijra (AH) (migration of the Holy Prophet (s.a) from Makka to Madina). It is also narrated that he was born in the third year. He passed away in the end of the month of Safar in the year forty nine AH. He lived for forty seven years and a few months. His mother was Fatima, daughter of the Messenger of Allah.

1ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَمَّنْ سَمِعَ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ لَمَّا حَضَرَتِ الْحَسَنَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) الْوَفَاةُ بَكَى فَقِيلَ لَهُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ الله تَبْكِي وَمَكَانُكَ مِنْ رَسُولِ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) الَّذِي أَنْتَ بِهِ وَقَدْ قَالَ فِيكَ مَا قَالَ وَقَدْ حَجَجْتَ عِشْرِينَ حَجَّةً مَاشِياً وَقَدْ قَاسَمْتَ مَالَكَ ثَلاثَ مَرَّاتٍ حَتَّى النَّعْلَ بِالنَّعْلِ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا أَبْكِي لِخَصْلَتَيْنِ لِهَوْلِ الْمُطَّلَعِ وَفِرَاقِ الاحِبَّةِ.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from al-Husayn ibn Ishaq from Ali ibn Mahziyar from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from ‘Abdallah ibn Sinan from the one who heard from abu Ja‘far (a.s.) who said, “When al-Hassan was about to die he wept. “He was asked, “O son of the Messenger of Allah, why would you weep, when you have such a position with the Messenger of Allah such as you have? And all the (good things) said about you. You have performed Hajj twenty times on foot and distributed all of your belongings among the needy three times exactly.” He replied, “I weep for two reasons, It is the fear of resurrection and separation from the loved ones.”

2ـ سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الله وَعَبْدُ الله بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ أَخِيهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قُبِضَ الْحَسَنُ بن علي (عَلَيْهما السَّلام) وَهُوَ ابْنُ سَبْعٍ وَأَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً فِي عَامِ خَمْسِينَ عَاشَ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً.

2. Sa‘d ibn ‘Abdallah and ‘Abdallah ibn Ja‘far have narrated from Ibrahim ibn Mahziyar from his brother. Ali (ibn Mahziyar) from al-Hassan ibn Sa‘id from Muhammad ibn Sinan from ibn Muskan from abu basir from abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who has said the following. “Al-Hassan ibn Ali (a.s.) passed away at the age of forty seven up to the year fifty (AH). He lived forty years after the death of the Holy Prophet (s.a).”

3ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ قَالَ إِنَّ جَعْدَةَ بِنْتَ أَشْعَثَ بْنِ قَيْسٍ الْكِنْدِيِّ سَمَّتِ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ وَسَمَّتْ مَوْلاةً لَهُ فَأَمَّا مَوْلاتُهُ فَقَاءَتِ السَّمَّ وَأَمَّا الْحَسَنُ فَاسْتَمْسَكَ فِي بَطْنِهِ ثُمَّ انْتَفَطَ بِهِ فَمَاتَ.

3. A number of our people has narrated has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Ni‘man from Sayf ibn ‘Amira from abu Bakr al-Hadrami has said that Jumhu‘ada daughter of ’Ash‘th ibn Qays al-Kidi poisoned al-Hassan ibn Ali (a.s.) and a female servant of the Imam (a.s.). The female servant, however, vomited the poison but in the case of al-Hassan (a.s.) the poison remained his digestive system and caused swelling that killed him.”

4ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ النَّهْدِيِّ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنِ الْكُنَاسِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ خَرَجَ الْحَسَنُ بن علي (عَلَيْهما السَّلام) فِي بَعْضِ عُمَرِهِ وَمَعَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ وُلْدِ الزُّبَيْرِ كَانَ يَقُولُ بِإِمَامَتِهِ فَنَزَلُوا فِي مَنْهَلٍ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْمَنَاهِلِ تَحْتَ نَخْلٍ يَابِسٍ قَدْ يَبِسَ مِنَ الْعَطَشِ فَفُرِشَ لِلْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) تَحْتَ نَخْلَةٍ وَفُرِشَ لِلزُّبَيْرِيِّ بِحِذَاهُ تَحْتَ نَخْلَةٍ أُخْرَى قَالَ فَقَالَ الزُّبَيْرِيُّ وَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ لَوْ كَانَ فِي هَذَا النَّخْلِ رُطَبٌ لاكَلْنَا مِنْهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْحَسَنُ وَإِنَّكَ لَتَشْتَهِي الرُّطَبَ فَقَالَ الزُّبَيْرِيُّ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَرَفَعَ يَدَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَدَعَا بِكَلامٍ لَمْ أَفْهَمْهُ فَاخْضَرَّتِ النَّخْلَةُ ثُمَّ صَارَتْ إِلَى حَالِهَا فَأَوْرَقَتْ وَحَمَلَتْ رُطَباً فَقَالَ الْجَمَّالُ الَّذِي اكْتَرَوْا مِنْهُ سِحْرٌ وَالله قَالَ فَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) وَيْلَكَ لَيْسَ بِسِحْرٍ وَلَكِنْ دَعْوَةُ ابْنِ نَبِيٍّ مُسْتَجَابَةٌ قَالَ فَصَعِدُوا إِلَى النَّخْلَةِ فَصَرَمُوا مَا كَانَ فِيهِ فَكَفَاهُمْ.

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya and Ahmad ibn Muhammad have narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Hassan from al-Qasim al-Nahdi from ’Isma‘il ibn Mihran from al-Kunasi from abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who has said the following. “Once al-Hassan (a.s.) went out side the town with a man from the children of al-Zubayr who believed al-Hassan to be the Imam. They stopped for rest on one of the oasis under a palm tree that had dried up because of lack of water. A furnishing was spread for Imam al-Hassan (a.s.) under that tree and for al-Zubayri the furnishings were arranged under a tree just next to it. The narrator has said that al-Zubayri looked up the tree and said, “It had fruits so we could eat from them.” Al-Hassan (a.s.) asked, “Do you wish to have dates?” He said, “Yes, I do wish to have dates.” He (al-Hassan (a.s.) raised his hands to the sky and spoke certain words that I did not understand. The tree turned green then it returned to its normal condition and its leaves grew and it became loaded with dates. The man from they had hired camels begun to say, “It by Allah, is magic.” Al-Hassan (a.s.) said, woe is you. It is not magic but it is a prayer of the son of a prophet that is answered.” They climbed the tree and picked the dates that were there and it provided enough for their needs.”

5ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ رِجَالِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ الْحَسَنَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ لله مَدِينَتَيْنِ إِحْدَاهُمَا بِالْمَشْرِقِ وَالاخْرَى بِالْمَغْرِبِ عَلَيْهِمَا سُورٌ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ وَعَلَى كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا أَلْفُ أَلْفِ مِصْرَاعٍ وَفِيهَا سَبْعُونَ أَلْفَ أَلْفِ لُغَةٍ يَتَكَلَّمُ كُلُّ لُغَةٍ بِخِلافِ لُغَةِ صَاحِبِهَا وَأَنَا أَعْرِفُ جَمِيعَ اللُّغَاتِ وَمَا فِيهِمَا وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا وَمَا عَلَيْهِمَا حُجَّةٌ غَيْرِي وَغَيْرُ الْحُسَيْنِ أَخِي.

5. Ahmad ibn Muhammad and Muhammad ibn Yahya have narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Hassan from ya‘qub ibn Yazid from ibn abu ‘Umayr from his people from abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who has said the following. “Al-Hassan (a.s.) has said, ‘Allah has two cities. One is in the east and the other is in the west. They have a boundary around them that is made of iron and each one has a million doors. Seven thousand different languages exist therein and know all those languages and all that is therein. There is no one who would possess Leadership with Divine Authority except me and my brother, al-Husayn (a.s.).’

6ـ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنْ صَنْدَلٍ عَنْ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ خَرَجَ الْحَسَنُ بن علي (عَلَيْهما السَّلام) إِلَى مَكَّةَ سَنَةً مَاشِياً فَوَرِمَتْ قَدَمَاهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ بَعْضُ مَوَالِيهِ لَوْ رَكِبْتَ لَسَكَنَ عَنْكَ هَذَا الْوَرَمُ فَقَالَ كَلا إِذَا أَتَيْنَا هَذَا الْمَنْزِلَ فَإِنَّهُ يَسْتَقْبِلُكَ أَسْوَدُ وَمَعَهُ دُهْنٌ فَاشْتَرِ مِنْهُ وَلا تُمَاكِسْهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَوْلاهُ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي مَا قَدِمْنَا مَنْزِلاً فِيهِ أَحَدٌ يَبِيعُ هَذَا الدَّوَاءَ فَقَالَ لَهُ بَلَى إِنَّهُ أَمَامَكَ دُونَ الْمَنْزِلِ فَسَارَا مِيلاً فَإِذَا هُوَ بِالاسْوَدِ فَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) لِمَوْلاهُ دُونَكَ الرَّجُلَ فَخُذْ مِنْهُ الدُّهْنَ وَأَعْطِهِ الثَّمَنَ فَقَالَ الاسْوَدُ يَا غُلامُ لِمَنْ أَرَدْتَ هَذَا الدُّهْنَ فَقَالَ لِلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ فَقَالَ انْطَلِقْ بِي إِلَيْهِ فَانْطَلَقَ فَأَدْخَلَهُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي لَمْ أَعْلَمْ أَنَّكَ تَحْتَاجُ إِلَى هَذَا أَ وَتَرَى ذَلِكَ وَلَسْتُ آخُذُ لَهُ ثَمَناً إِنَّمَا أَنَا مَوْلاكَ وَلَكِنِ ادْعُ الله أَنْ يَرْزُقَنِي ذَكَراً سَوِيّاً يُحِبُّكُمْ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ فَإِنِّي خَلَّفْتُ أَهْلِي تَمْخَضُ فَقَالَ انْطَلِقْ إِلَى مَنْزِلِكَ فَقَدْ وَهَبَ الله لَكَ ذَكَراً سَوِيّاً وَهُوَ مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا.

6. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla ibn Muhammad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Ali ibn al-Ni‘man from Sandal from abu ’Usama from abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who has said the following. “One year al-Hassan ibn Ali left for Makka on foot. On the journey his feet swell and his servants said, “If you would ride the swelling will go away.” He said, “I will not do so up to the coming place for rest where you will a black person who has oil with him buy from oil without trying to reduce the price.” The servant said, “May Allah take my soul and the souls of my parents in service for your cause, we have never up to a place of rest where anyone would sell such medicine.” The Imam (a.s.) said to him, “Yes, there are such people right in front of you before reaching the place for rest.” They walked for a mile and they met the black person. Al-Hassan (a.s.) said to his servant, “There is the man. Take the oil from him and pay him.” The blck man asked the servant, “For who do you want this oil?” He replied, “I want it for al-Hassan ibn Ali (a.s.).” He said, “Take me to him.” They came to the al-Hassan (a.s.) and the man said, May Allah take my soul and the souls of my parents in service for your cause. I did not know that you need this. If you would like tohave it you have it free of charges. I am only one your servants. Just pray for to Allah to grant me a healthy son who would love you, Ahl al-Bayt. When I left, my wife was about to give birth.” The Imam (a.s.) said, “Go to your place. Allah has gifted you with a healthy son who is of our Shi‘a (followers).”