Alhassanain(p) Network for Heritage and Islamic Thought

Chapter 130

The Fay’, al-Anfal, al-Khums, its rules and the properties subject to al-Khums

إِنَّ الله تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى جَعَلَ الدُّنْيَا كُلَّهَا بِأَسْرِهَا لِخَلِيفَتِهِ حَيْثُ يَقُولُ لِلْمَلائِكَةِ إِنِّي جاعِلٌ فِي الارْضِ خَلِيفَةً فَكَانَتِ الدُّنْيَا بِأَسْرِهَا لآِدَمَ وَصَارَتْ بَعْدَهُ لابْرَارِ وُلْدِهِ وَخُلَفَائِهِ فَمَا غَلَبَ عَلَيْهِ أَعْدَاؤُهُمْ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِمْ بِحَرْبٍ أَوْ غَلَبَةٍ سُمِّيَ فَيْئاً وَهُوَ أَنْ يَفِي‏ءَ إِلَيْهِمْ بِغَلَبَةٍ وَحَرْبٍ وَكَانَ حُكْمُهُ فِيهِ مَا قَالَ الله تَعَالَى وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّما غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْ‏ءٍ فَأَنَّ لله خُمُسَهُ وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلِذِي الْقُرْبى‏ وَالْيَتامى‏ وَالْمَساكِينِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ فَهُوَ لله وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلِقَرَابَةِ الرَّسُولِ فَهَذَا هُوَ الْفَيْ‏ءُ الرَّاجِعُ وَإِنَّمَا يَكُونُ الرَّاجِعُ مَا كَانَ فِي يَدِ غَيْرِهِمْ فَأُخِذَ مِنْهُمْ بِالسَّيْفِ وَأَمَّا مَا رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يُوجَفَ عَلَيْهِ بِخَيْلٍ وَلا رِكَابٍ فَهُوَ الانْفَالُ هُوَ لله وَلِلرَّسُولِ خَاصَّةً لَيْسَ لاحَدٍ فِيهِ الشِّرْكَةُ وَإِنَّمَا جُعِلَ الشِّرْكَةُ فِي شَيْ‏ءٍ قُوتِلَ عَلَيْهِ فَجُعِلَ لِمَنْ قَاتَلَ مِنَ الْغَنَائِمِ أَرْبَعَةُ أَسْهُمٍ وَلِلرَّسُولِ سَهْمٌ وَالَّذِي لِلرَّسُولِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) يَقْسِمُهُ عَلَى سِتَّةِ أَسْهُمٍ ثَلاثَةٌ لَهُ وَثَلاثَةٌ لِلْيَتَامَى وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ وَأَمَّا الانْفَالُ فَلَيْسَ هَذِهِ سَبِيلَهَا كَانَ لِلرَّسُولِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) خَاصَّةً وَكَانَتْ فَدَكُ لِرَسُولِ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) خَاصَّةً لانَّهُ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَتَحَهَا وَأَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) لَمْ يَكُنْ مَعَهُمَا أَحَدٌ فَزَالَ عَنْهَا اسْمُ الْفَيْ‏ءِ وَلَزِمَهَا اسْمُ الانْفَالِ وَكَذَلِكَ الاجَامُ وَالْمَعَادِنُ وَالْبِحَارُ وَالْمَفَاوِزُ هِيَ لِلامَامِ خَاصَّةً فَإِنْ عَمِلَ فِيهَا قَوْمٌ بِإِذْنِ الامَامِ فَلَهُمْ أَرْبَعَةُ أَخْمَاسٍ وَلِلامَامِ خُمُسٌ وَالَّذِي لِلامَامِ يَجْرِي مَجْرَى الْخُمُسِ وَمَنْ عَمِلَ فِيهَا بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ الامَامِ فَالامَامُ يَأْخُذُهُ كُلَّهُ لَيْسَ لاحَدٍ فِيهِ شَيْ‏ءٌ وَكَذَلِكَ مَنْ عَمَرَ شَيْئاً أَوْ أَجْرَى قَنَاةً أَوْ عَمِلَ فِي أَرْضٍ خَرَابٍ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ صَاحِبِ الارْضِ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ فَإِنْ شَاءَ أَخَذَهَا مِنْهُ كُلَّهَا وَإِنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَهَا فِي يَدِهِ.

Al-Kulayni, may grant him blessings has said the following.

“Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, has invented the whole world for His deputy as He has said to His angels. “When your Lord said to the angels, “I am appointing someone as my deputy on earth, . .” (2:30) The whole world was for Adam and after him it belonged to the good ones among his descendants and his successors. Whatever their enemies had taken away from them came back to them through war or conquest that is called Fay’. It is the propety that would come to the as a result of conquest or war. The rules for such properties in it (the book) is as Allah has said,

“Know that whatever property you may gain, one fifth belongs to God, the Messenger, the kindred, orphans, the needy and those who need money while on a journey. . .” (8:41)

Such properties belong to Allah, the Messenger and the relatives of the Messenger. Such properties are called al-Fay’ (taken back). It is the property taken back from others by force. However, whatever would come to them without the use of force and resources such as horses and man it is called al-Anfal. This kind of properties belong to Allah and the Messenger only and no one else woill have any share in it. Others can have shares only in what is acquired through blood shed and fighting. All those who would take part in the struggle will have certain shares. Properties taken in such way is divided into four portions out of which one would belong to the Messeenger. The portion that belongs to the Messenger is divided into six portions. Three will be for him and the other three for the orphans. The destitute and those left without means on a journey.

However, the case of al-Anfal is different. It belongs to the Messenger only. Of such properties was Fadak that belonged to the Messenger of Allah only. It is because he and Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.) conquered it and there no one else took part. The name al-Fay’ therefore does not apply to it. Al-Anfal applies to it. Similar to al-Anfal are such properties as the marshes, mines, oceans and the wilderness. They all belong to Imam exclusively. If people would work in them by the permission of the Imam four fifth will belong to them for labor and one fifth would belong to the Imam. Such one fifth is like al-Khums. If people would work in such properties without the permission of the Imam, the Imam will have all of it and no one would have any thing in them.

The same would be the case if someone would work, revive, improve, develop and build on a land without the permission of the Imam. It would be up to the Imam to leave it with him or take it away from him or settle it differently.”

1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عُمَرَ الْيَمَانِيِّ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ أَبِي عَيَّاشٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ نَحْنُ وَالله الَّذِينَ عَنَى الله بِذِي الْقُرْبَى الَّذِينَ قَرَنَهُمُ الله بِنَفْسِهِ وَنَبِيِّهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَقَالَ ما أَفاءَ الله عَلى‏ رَسُولِهِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقُرى‏ فَلله وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلِذِي الْقُرْبى‏ وَالْيَتامى‏ وَالْمَساكِينِ مِنَّا خَاصَّةً وَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ لَنَا سَهْماً فِي الصَّدَقَةِ أَكْرَمَ الله نَبِيَّهُ وَأَكْرَمَنَا أَنْ يُطْعِمَنَا أَوْسَاخَ مَا فِي أَيْدِي النَّاسِ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Ibrahim ibn ‘Umar al-Yamani from Aban ibn abu ‘Ayyash from Sulaym ibn Qays who has said the following

“I heard Amir al-Mu’minin Ali (a.s.) say, ‘We, By Allah, are the ones to whom Allah has referred by the words ‘Dhi al-Qurba’ (relatives) and has given the same status as to Him self and His the Holy Prophet (s.a). He has said, “Whatever God grants to His Messenger (out of the property) of the people of the towns, belongs to God, the Messenger, the kinsfolk, the orphans, the destitute . .” (59:7) It applies to such person from us exclusively. In the charity there no portion is appropriated to us. It is the way Allah has honored His Holy Prophet (s.a) and has honored us instead of feeding us the filthy things in the hands of people.”

2ـ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ ابي جعفر (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي قَوْلِ الله تَعَالَى وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّما غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْ‏ءٍ فَأَنَّ لله خُمُسَهُ وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلِذِي الْقُرْبى‏ قَالَ هُمْ قَرَابَةُ رَسُولِ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَالْخُمُسُ لله وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلَنَا.

2. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla ibn Muhammad from al-Washsha’ from Aban from Muhammad ibn Muslim from abu Ja‘far (a.s.) who has said the following. about the words of Allah, the Most High. “Know that whatever property you may gain, one fifth belongs to God, the Messenger, the kindred,. .” (8:41) The Imam (a.s.) said, “It refers to the relatives of the Messenger of Allah. Al-Khums (one fifth) belongs to Allah, the Messenger and to us.”

3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ الانْفَالُ مَا لَمْ يُوجَفْ عَلَيْهِ بِخَيْلٍ وَلا رِكَابٍ أَوْ قَوْمٌ صَالَحُوا أَوْ قَوْمٌ أَعْطَوْا بِأَيْدِيهِمْ وَكُلُّ أَرْضٍ خَرِبَةٍ وَبُطُونُ الاوْدِيَةِ فَهُوَ لِرَسُولِ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَهُوَ لِلامَامِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ يَضَعُهُ حَيْثُ يَشَاءُ.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hafs ibn al-Bakhtari from abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who has said the following.

“Al-Anfal is such property for the acquisition of which no camels or horses are use and no armed expeditions are undertaken. It is the property that may come as a result of negotiated settlement or certain people would give with their own hands, may come from a barren land or from inside the valleys. Such properties belong to the Messenger of Allah and it will belong to the Imams after the the Messenger of Allah. The Imam (a.s.) will spend them as he may consider proper.”

4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنِ الْعَبْدِ الصَّالِحِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ الْخُمُسُ مِنْ خَمْسَةِ أَشْيَاءَ مِنَ الْغَنَائِمِ وَالْغَوْصِ وَمِنَ الْكُنُوزِ وَمِنَ الْمَعَادِنِ وَالْمَلاحَةِ يُؤْخَذُ مِنْ كُلِّ هَذِهِ الصُّنُوفِ الْخُمُسُ فَيُجْعَلُ لِمَنْ جَعَلَهُ الله تَعَالَى لَهُ وَيُقْسَمُ الارْبَعَةُ الاخْمَاسِ بَيْنَ مَنْ قَاتَلَ عَلَيْهِ وَوَلِيَ ذَلِكَ وَيُقْسَمُ بَيْنَهُمُ الْخُمُسُ عَلَى سِتَّةِ أَسْهُمٍ سَهْمٌ لله وَسَهْمٌ لِرَسُولِ الله وَسَهْمٌ لِذِي الْقُرْبَى وَسَهْمٌ لِلْيَتَامَى وَسَهْمٌ لِلْمَسَاكِينِ وَسَهْمٌ لابْنَاءِ السَّبِيلِ فَسَهْمُ الله وَسَهْمُ رَسُولِ الله لاولِي الامْرِ مِنْ بَعْدِ رَسُولِ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وِرَاثَةً فَلَهُ ثَلاثَةُ أَسْهُمٍ سَهْمَانِ وِرَاثَةً وَسَهْمٌ مَقْسُومٌ لَهُ مِنَ الله وَلَهُ نِصْفُ الْخُمُسِ كَمَلاً وَنِصْفُ الْخُمُسِ الْبَاقِي بَيْنَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ فَسَهْمٌ لِيَتَامَاهُمْ وَسَهْمٌ لِمَسَاكِينِهِمْ وَسَهْمٌ لابْنَاءِ سَبِيلِهِمْ يُقْسَمُ بَيْنَهُمْ عَلَى الْكِتَابِ وَالسُّنَّةِ مَا يَسْتَغْنُونَ بِهِ فِي سَنَتِهِمْ فَإِنْ فَضَلَ عَنْهُمْ شَيْ‏ءٌ فَهُوَ لِلْوَالِي وَإِنْ عَجَزَ أَوْ نَقَصَ عَنِ اسْتِغْنَائِهِمْ كَانَ عَلَى الْوَالِي أَنْ يُنْفِقَ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ بِقَدْرِ مَا يَسْتَغْنُونَ بِهِ وَإِنَّمَا صَارَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَمُونَهُمْ لانَّ لَهُ مَا فَضَلَ عَنْهُمْ وَإِنَّمَا جَعَلَ الله هَذَا الْخُمُسَ خَاصَّةً لَهُمْ دُونَ مَسَاكِينِ النَّاسِ وَأَبْنَاءِ سَبِيلِهِمْ عِوَضاً لَهُمْ مِنْ صَدَقَاتِ النَّاسِ تَنْزِيهاً مِنَ الله لَهُمْ لِقَرَابَتِهِمْ بِرَسُولِ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَكَرَامَةً مِنَ الله لَهُمْ عَنْ أَوْسَاخِ النَّاسِ فَجَعَلَ لَهُمْ خَاصَّةً مِنْ عِنْدِهِ مَا يُغْنِيهِمْ بِهِ عَنْ أَنْ يُصَيِّرَهُمْ فِي مَوْضِعِ الذُّلِّ وَالْمَسْكَنَةِ وَلا بَأْسَ بِصَدَقَاتِ بَعْضِهِمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ وَهَؤُلاءِ الَّذِينَ جَعَلَ الله لَهُمُ الْخُمُسَ هُمْ قَرَابَةُ النَّبِيِّ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) الَّذِينَ ذَكَرَهُمُ الله فَقَالَ وَأَنْذِرْ عَشِيرَتَكَ الاقْرَبِينَ وَهُمْ بَنُو عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ أَنْفُسُهُمْ الذَّكَرُ مِنْهُمْ وَالانْثَى لَيْسَ فِيهِمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ بُيُوتَاتِ قُرَيْشٍ وَلا مِنَ الْعَرَبِ أَحَدٌ وَلا فِيهِمْ وَلا مِنْهُمْ فِي هَذَا الْخُمُسِ مِنْ مَوَالِيهِمْ وَقَدْ تَحِلُّ صَدَقَاتُ النَّاسِ لِمَوَالِيهِمْ وَهُمْ وَالنَّاسُ سَوَاءٌ وَمَنْ كَانَتْ أُمُّهُ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَأَبُوهُ مِنْ سَائِرِ قُرَيْشٍ فَإِنَّ الصَّدَقَاتِ تَحِلُّ لَهُ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ مِنَ الْخُمُسِ شَيْ‏ءٌ لانَّ الله تَعَالَى يَقُولُ ادْعُوهُمْ لابائِهِمْ وَلِلامَامِ صَفْوُ الْمَالِ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الامْوَالِ صَفْوَهَا الْجَارِيَةَ الْفَارِهَةَ وَالدَّابَّةَ الْفَارِهَةَ وَالثَّوْبَ وَالْمَتَاعَ بِمَا يُحِبُّ أَوْ يَشْتَهِي فَذَلِكَ لَهُ قَبْلَ الْقِسْمَةِ وَقَبْلَ إِخْرَاجِ الْخُمُسِ وَلَهُ أَنْ يَسُدَّ بِذَلِكَ الْمَالِ جَمِيعَ مَا يَنُوبُهُ مِنْ مِثْلِ إِعْطَاءِ الْمُؤَلَّفَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَغَيْرِ.

ذَلِكَ مِمَّا يَنُوبُهُ فَإِنْ بَقِيَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ شَيْ‏ءٌ أَخْرَجَ الْخُمُسَ مِنْهُ فَقَسَمَهُ فِي أَهْلِهِ وَقَسَمَ الْبَاقِيَ عَلَى مَنْ وَلِيَ ذَلِكَ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَبْقَ بَعْدَ سَدِّ النَّوَائِبِ شَيْ‏ءٌ فَلا شَيْ‏ءَ لَهُمْ وَلَيْسَ لِمَنْ قَاتَلَ شَيْ‏ءٌ مِنَ الارَضِينَ وَلا مَا غَلَبُوا عَلَيْهِ إِلا مَا احْتَوَى عَلَيْهِ الْعَسْكَرُ وَلَيْسَ لِلاعْرَابِ مِنَ الْقِسْمَةِ شَيْ‏ءٌ وَإِنْ قَاتَلُوا مَعَ الْوَالِي لانَّ رَسُولَ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) صَالَحَ الاعْرَابَ أَنْ يَدَعَهُمْ فِي دِيَارِهِمْ وَلا يُهَاجِرُوا عَلَى أَنَّهُ إِنْ دَهِمَ رَسُولَ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ دَهْمٌ أَنْ يَسْتَنْفِرَهُمْ فَيُقَاتِلَ بِهِمْ وَلَيْسَ لَهُمْ فِي الْغَنِيمَةِ نَصِيبٌ وَسُنَّتُهُ جَارِيَةٌ فِيهِمْ وَفِي غَيْرِهِمْ وَالارَضُونَ الَّتِي أُخِذَتْ عَنْوَةً بِخَيْلٍ وَرِجَالٍ فَهِيَ مَوْقُوفَةٌ مَتْرُوكَةٌ فِي يَدِ مَنْ يَعْمُرُهَا وَيُحْيِيهَا وَيَقُومُ عَلَيْهَا عَلَى مَا يُصَالِحُهُمُ الْوَالِي عَلَى قَدْرِ طَاقَتِهِمْ مِنَ الْحَقِّ النِّصْفِ أَوِ الثُّلُثِ أَوِ الثُّلُثَيْنِ وَعَلَى قَدْرِ مَا يَكُونُ لَهُمْ صَلاحاً وَلا يَضُرُّهُمْ فَإِذَا أُخْرِجَ مِنْهَا مَا أُخْرِجَ بَدَأَ فَأَخْرَجَ مِنْهُ الْعُشْرَ مِنَ الْجَمِيعِ مِمَّا سَقَتِ السَّمَاءُ أَوْ سُقِيَ سَيْحاً وَنِصْفَ الْعُشْرِ مِمَّا سُقِيَ بِالدَّوَالِي وَالنَّوَاضِحِ فَأَخَذَهُ الْوَالِي فَوَجَّهَهُ فِي الْجِهَةِ الَّتِي وَجَّهَهَا الله عَلَى ثَمَانِيَةِ أَسْهُمٍ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَالْعَامِلِينَ عَلَيْهَا وَالْمُؤَلَّفَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَفِي الرِّقَابِ وَالْغَارِمِينَ وَفِي سَبِيلِ الله وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ ثَمَانِيَةَ أَسْهُمٍ يَقْسِمُ بَيْنَهُمْ فِي مَوَاضِعِهِمْ بِقَدْرِ مَا يَسْتَغْنُونَ بِهِ فِي سَنَتِهِمْ بِلا ضِيقٍ وَلا تَقْتِيرٍ فَإِنْ فَضَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْ‏ءٌ رُدَّ إِلَى الْوَالِي وَإِنْ نَقَصَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْ‏ءٌ وَلَمْ يَكْتَفُوا بِهِ كَانَ عَلَى الْوَالِي أَنْ يَمُونَهُمْ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ بِقَدْرِ سَعَتِهِمْ حَتَّى يَسْتَغْنُوا وَيُؤْخَذُ بَعْدُ مَا بَقِيَ مِنَ الْعُشْرِ فَيُقْسَمُ بَيْنَ الْوَالِي وَبَيْنَ شُرَكَائِهِ الَّذِينَ هُمْ عُمَّالُ الارْضِ وَأَكَرَتُهَا فَيُدْفَعُ إِلَيْهِمْ أَنْصِبَاؤُهُمْ عَلَى مَا صَالَحَهُمْ عَلَيْهِ وَيُؤْخَذُ الْبَاقِي فَيَكُونُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أَرْزَاقَ أَعْوَانِهِ عَلَى دِينِ الله وَفِي مَصْلَحَةِ مَا يَنُوبُهُ مِنْ تَقْوِيَةِ الاسْلامِ وَتَقْوِيَةِ الدِّينِ فِي وُجُوهِ الْجِهَادِ وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِمَّا فِيهِ مَصْلَحَةُ الْعَامَّةِ لَيْسَ لِنَفْسِهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَلِيلٌ وَلا كَثِيرٌ وَلَهُ بَعْدَ الْخُمُسِ الانْفَالُ وَالانْفَالُ كُلُّ أَرْضٍ خَرِبَةٍ قَدْ بَادَ أَهْلُهَا وَكُلُّ أَرْضٍ لَمْ يُوجَفْ عَلَيْهَا بِخَيْلٍ وَلا رِكَابٍ وَلَكِنْ صَالَحُوا صُلْحاً وَأَعْطَوْا بِأَيْدِيهِمْ عَلَى غَيْرِ قِتَالٍ وَلَهُ رُءُوسُ الْجِبَالِ وَبُطُونُ الاوْدِيَةِ وَالاجَامُ وَكُلُّ أَرْضٍ مَيْتَةٍ لا رَبَّ لَهَا وَلَهُ صَوَافِي الْمُلُوكِ مَا كَانَ فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ مِنْ غَيْرِ وَجْهِ الْغَصْبِ لانَّ الْغَصْبَ كُلَّهُ مَرْدُودٌ وَهُوَ وَارِثُ مَنْ لا وَارِثَ لَهُ يَعُولُ مَنْ لا حِيلَةَ لَهُ وَقَالَ إِنَّ الله لَمْ يَتْرُكْ شَيْئاً مِنْ صُنُوفِ الامْوَالِ إِلا وَقَدْ قَسَمَهُ وَأَعْطَى كُلَّ ذِي حَقٍّ حَقَّهُ الْخَاصَّةَ وَالْعَامَّةَ وَالْفُقَرَاءَ وَالْمَسَاكِينَ وَكُلَّ صِنْفٍ مِنْ صُنُوفِ النَّاسِ فَقَالَ لَوْ عُدِلَ فِي النَّاسِ لاسْتَغْنَوْا ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ الْعَدْلَ أَحْلَى مِنَ الْعَسَلِ وَلا يَعْدِلُ إِلا مَنْ يُحْسِنُ الْعَدْلَ قَالَ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) يَقْسِمُ صَدَقَاتِ الْبَوَادِي فِي الْبَوَادِي وَصَدَقَاتِ أَهْلِ الْحَضَرِ فِي أَهْلِ الْحَضَرِ وَلا يَقْسِمُ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالسَّوِيَّةِ عَلَى ثَمَانِيَةٍ حَتَّى يُعْطِيَ أَهْلَ كُلِّ سَهْمٍ ثُمُناً وَلَكِنْ يَقْسِمُهَا عَلَى قَدْرِ مَنْ يَحْضُرُهُ مِنْ أَصْنَافِ الثَّمَانِيَةِ عَلَى قَدْرِ مَا يُقِيمُ كُلَّ صِنْفٍ مِنْهُمْ يُقَدِّرُ لِسَنَتِهِ لَيْسَ فِي ذَلِكَ شَيْ‏ءٌ مَوْقُوتٌ وَلا مُسَمًّى وَلا مُؤَلَّفٌ إِنَّمَا يَضَعُ ذَلِكَ عَلَى قَدْرِ مَا يَرَى وَمَا يَحْضُرُهُ حَتَّى يَسُدَّ فَاقَةَ كُلِّ قَوْمٍ مِنْهُمْ وَإِنْ فَضَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَضْلٌ عَرَضُوا الْمَالَ جُمْلَةً إِلَى غَيْرِهِمْ وَالانْفَالُ إِلَى الْوَالِي وَكُلُّ أَرْضٍ فُتِحَتْ فِي أَيَّامِ النَّبِيِّ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) إِلَى آخِرِ الابَدِ وَمَا كَانَ افْتِتَاحاً بِدَعْوَةِ أَهْلِ الْجَوْرِ وَأَهْلِ الْعَدْلِ لانَّ ذِمَّةَ رَسُولِ الله فِي الاوَّلِينَ وَالاخِرِينَ ذِمَّةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ لانَّ رَسُولَ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) قَالَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ إِخْوَةٌ تَتَكَافَى دِمَاؤُهُمْ وَيَسْعَى بِذِمَّتِهِمْ أَدْنَاهُمْ وَلَيْسَ فِي مَالِ الْخُمُسِ زَكَاةٌ لانَّ فُقَرَاءَ النَّاسِ جُعِلَ أَرْزَاقُهُمْ فِي أَمْوَالِ النَّاسِ عَلَى ثَمَانِيَةِ أَسْهُمٍ فَلَمْ يَبْقَ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ وَجَعَلَ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ قَرَابَةِ الرَّسُولِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) نِصْفَ الْخُمُسِ فَأَغْنَاهُمْ بِهِ عَنْ صَدَقَاتِ النَّاسِ وَصَدَقَاتِ النَّبِيِّ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَوَلِيِّ الامْرِ فَلَمْ يَبْقَ فَقِيرٌ مِنْ فُقَرَاءِ النَّاسِ وَلَمْ يَبْقَ فَقِيرٌ مِنْ فُقَرَاءِ قَرَابَةِ رَسُولِ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) إِلا وَقَدِ اسْتَغْنَى فَلا فَقِيرَ وَلِذَلِكَ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَى مَالِ النَّبِيِّ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَالْوَالِي زَكَاةٌ لانَّهُ لَمْ يَبْقَ فَقِيرٌ مُحْتَاجٌ وَلَكِنْ عَلَيْهِمْ أَشْيَاءُ تَنُوبُهُمْ مِنْ وُجُوهٍ وَلَهُمْ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْوُجُوهِ كَمَا عَلَيْهِمْ.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim ibn Hashim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from certain persons of our people from the virtuous servant of Allah who has said the following.

“Al-Khums (one fifth) is due on five categories of properties. 1 Cattle 2 Properties acquired from diving deep waters 3 The treasures 4 The mines and Salts. On each of such categories al-Khums is due. Such one fifth is distributed just as Allah has done. The remaining four portions is distributed among those who has taken part in the actual fighting or those lending support behind the front. The one fifth is distributed as follows. One portion for Allah, one the Messenger of Allah, one for the relatives (of the Messenger of Allah), one for the orphans, one for the destitute and one portion for those who become needy on a journey. Thus, the portion for Allah and the Messenger of Allah belong to Leadership with Divine Authority after the Messenger of Allah as the portion of inheritance. Thus, he (Leadership with Divine Authority) will have three portions. Two portions as inheritance and one is that which Allah has granted to him.

Fifty percent of al-Khums (one fifth) belongs to him, the Imam (Leader with Divine Authority). The other fifty percent of al-Khums belongs to his family members. One portion for the orphans thereof, one portion for the destitute thereof, one portion for those of them who become needy while on a journey. It is distributed among them according to the rules in the book and the Sunnah. The limit is an amount that would suffice their expenses for a whole year. If any thing is left extra it will go to the Wali, (Leadership with Divine Authority). In the case of deficit the Wali (Leadership with Divine Authority) is responsible to provide and pay the deficit and as much as it would fulfill their needs. Wali is responsible to pay the deficit because the extra is given to him. Allah has given this one fifth exclusively to them and not the destitute from the masses and those of them who become needy on a journey as a replacement for the charities due on people. It is a sign of honor for them because of their being the relatives of the Messenger of Allah and an honor from Allah to keep them secure from the filth in the hands of people. Thus is for them only as sustenance and save them from humiliation and destitution. They may receive other forms of charities from each other.

Those for whom is al-Khums are the relatives of the Holy Prophet (s.a) whom Allah has mentioned in His words. “Warn your close relatives.” (26:214) They are the sons of ‘Abd al-Muttalib themselves, male and female. No one of the families of Quraysh or the Arabs is of them. Among them or from them also is none of their slave to have a portion in al-Khums. The charities of the masses of people is lawful for their slaves to consume. Their slaves and the masses of people are the same. One whose mother is from the family of Hashim and his father from the masses of people the charities are lawful for such person to consume. Such person is not entitled to receive from al-Khums because Allah, the Most High has said, “Call them sons of their own fathers.” (33:5)

The properties of the best quality of such properties go as the portion of the Imam. The female slave, the best horse, the best cloths and other items that are like and desired for. Such items go to him before the distribution and before the subtraction of al-Khums.

He will pay and maintain with such properties, the causes where he would need to pay such as grants to people who are inclined to the system of faith etc. If anything would be left extra then al-Khums is taken out therefrom and is distributed to the causes for which it is. If any thing is left extra then it is give to the Wali (Leadership with Divine Authority). If nothing is left after the expenses then there is nothing for the Wali. Nothing from the land goes to the fighters. So also is the properties that are acquire by overwhelming except for what the army his physically captured.

The Bedouins have no share in the distribution even if they would take part in fighting with the Wali (Leadership with Divine Authority). It is because the Messenger of Allah reached a settlement with them. It said, “They will not be exiled and that if the Messenger of Allah will be attacked by his enemies they will come to help to fight the enemy but will have no share in the properties of the enemies confiscated.” This practice has been continuous ever since about them and others.

The lands that were capture by the forces of the army will remain in the public domain. The developers may keep them and reach a settlement with the Wali who would use his discretion in the matter. The may find a fair and proportionate and fair agreement on the basis of proper protection of all parties rights and interests. The apportionment may take shape in the form of a third, two thirds etc. The tax on whatever is harvested will be ten percent if the plantation is irrigated by rain. It is five percent if irrigation is from mechanical means. Wali collects this tax and spends on the causes that Allah has described which are eight categories. 1 The needy, 2 the destitute, 3 the employees of the taxation office, 4 the people who sympathize with the faith, 5 to set free the slaves, 6 to help the bankrupt, 7 for the cause of Allah and 8 to help those who become needy on a journey.

Each cause can receive an amount enough for its expenses and maintenance for up to one year in a reasonable manner. If anything would b e left extra it goes to the Wali if it would not suffice the Wali must provide the needed fund from his resources. The ten percent tax is divided between the Wali and his partners such as workers and supervisors of the land. They will receive their shares according to the standing agreements. The remaining will be spent on those who help him in the matters of religion of Allah and in the interest of Islam and the strengthening of the religion such as defense etc., in which there is general but not personal interest. It is for his personal interests small or large.

Besides al-Khums for Imam there is al-Anfal. Al-Anfal is every kind of abandoned land whose owners are no more and all the lands that are acquired without the use of force and fighting but are achieved through settlement and their owners have given them to the Imam without fight. To the Imam belongs the mountains, inside of the valleys, marshes and undeveloped lands that has no owners. To belongs the properties of the kings (defeated) if such properties would not be usurped. The usurped properties are all returned to the owner. The Imam is the heir of those who have no heirs. He supports those who have no supporters. The Imam (a.s.) said, “There is no category of the properties that Allah may not have distributed and has given every rightful person his or her rights of the general of particular nature of the needy and the destitute and all categories of people.” The Imam (a.s.) said, “If justice would be practice among the people they will become free from want.” The Imam (a.s.) then said, “Justice is more sweet than honey. No one practices it properly except those who good in justice.” The Imam (a.s.) then said, “The Messenger of Allah would distribute the charities of the rural areas in the rural areas and the charities of the towns to the people of the towns. He would not divide every amount of charity receive into eight portions. He would divide it proportionate to the categories of the causes present before him and to the degree that for each cause that would suffice it for one year. There was no limit of time or a certain date or the combination of both. He would base it on what was available and who was present and how much of need of each category could have been fulfilled. He would offer the remaining to other people.

Al-Anfal belongs to the Wali and so is all the lands that were captured during the time of the Holy Prophet (s.a) to eternity. It does not matter the conquest was made through the people of justice or otherwise, because the responsibility of the the Messenger of Allah in one and the same in the past, present or future generations. It is because the Messenger of Allah said, “Muslims are equal in the matters of lives. Even the small ones among them strive for the fulfillment of their responsibilities.

There is no Zakat on al-Khums property. It is because the shares of the needy from the masses are placed in the properties of the people in eight categories. No one of the needy in the masses is left out. The needy from the relatives of the Messenger of Allah have their share in the fifty percent of al-Khums. This suffices them and they do not need the charities of the masses, the charities of the Holy Prophet (s.a) and the Wali (Leadership with Divine Authority). In this way the system leaves no one as a needy of the masses or of the relatives of the Messenger of Allah without proper coverage and well fare benefits. All the needy benefit. For this reason there is not tax on the properties of the Holy Prophet (s.a) or Wali (Leadership with Divine Authority). It is because for all kinds of needs there is resources in the system to facilitate them. There are responsibilities as well as rights.”

5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الله عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا أَظُنُّهُ السَّيَّارِيَّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ قَالَ لَمَّا وَرَدَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَلَى الْمَهْدِيِّ رَآهُ يَرُدُّ الْمَظَالِمَ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا بَالُ مَظْلِمَتِنَا لا تُرَدُّ فَقَالَ لَهُ وَمَا ذَاكَ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ قَالَ إِنَّ الله تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى لَمَّا فَتَحَ عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَدَكاً وَمَا وَالاهَا لَمْ يُوجَفْ عَلَيْهِ بِخَيْلٍ وَلا رِكَابٍ فَأَنْزَلَ الله عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَآتِ ذَا الْقُرْبى‏ حَقَّهُ فَلَمْ يَدْرِ رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مَنْ هُمْ فَرَاجَعَ فِي ذَلِكَ جَبْرَئِيلَ وَرَاجَعَ جَبْرَئِيلُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) رَبَّهُ فَأَوْحَى الله إِلَيْهِ أَنِ ادْفَعْ فَدَكاً إِلَى فَاطِمَةَ (عليها السلام) فَدَعَاهَا رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَقَالَ لَهَا يَا فَاطِمَةُ إِنَّ الله أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَدْفَعَ إِلَيْكِ فَدَكاً فَقَالَتْ قَدْ قَبِلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ الله مِنَ الله وَمِنْكَ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ وُكَلاؤُهَا فِيهَا حَيَاةَ رَسُولِ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَلَمَّا وُلِّيَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَخْرَجَ عَنْهَا وُكَلاءَهَا فَأَتَتْهُ فَسَأَلَتْهُ أَنْ يَرُدَّهَا عَلَيْهَا فَقَالَ لَهَا ائْتِينِي بِأَسْوَدَ أَوْ أَحْمَرَ يَشْهَدُ لَكِ بِذَلِكِ فَجَاءَتْ بِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) وَأُمِّ أَيْمَنَ فَشَهِدَا لَهَا فَكَتَبَ لَهَا بِتَرْكِ التَّعَرُّضِ فَخَرَجَتْ وَالْكِتَابُ مَعَهَا فَلَقِيَهَا عُمَرُ فَقَالَ مَا هَذَا مَعَكِ يَا بِنْتَ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَتْ كِتَابٌ كَتَبَهُ لِيَ ابْنُ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ قَالَ أَرِينِيهِ فَأَبَتْ فَانْتَزَعَهُ مِنْ يَدِهَا وَنَظَرَ فِيهِ ثُمَّ تَفَلَ فِيهِ وَمَحَاهُ وَخَرَقَهُ فَقَالَ لَهَا هَذَا لَمْ يُوجِفْ عَلَيْهِ أَبُوكِ بِخَيْلٍ وَلا رِكَابٍ فَضَعِي الْحِبَالَ فِي رِقَابِنَا فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَهْدِيُّ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ حُدَّهَا لِي فَقَالَ حَدٌّ مِنْهَا جَبَلُ أُحُدٍ وَحَدٌّ مِنْهَا عَرِيشُ مِصْرَ وَحَدٌّ مِنْهَا سِيفُ الْبَحْرِ وَحَدٌّ مِنْهَا دُومَةُ الْجَنْدَلِ فَقَالَ لَهُ كُلُّ هَذَا قَالَ نَعَمْ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ هَذَا كُلُّهُ إِنَّ هَذَا كُلَّهُ مِمَّا لَمْ يُوجِفْ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) بِخَيْلٍ وَلا رِكَابٍ فَقَالَ كَثِيرٌ وَأَنْظُرُ فِيهِ.

5. Ali ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Abdallah has narrated from Certain persons of our people that I thinks is al-Sayyari from Ali ibn Asbat who has said the following.

“In one of the meetings of abu al-Hassan Musa (a.s.) with al-Mahdi (one of ‘Abbassid ruler) the Imam found him paying reparations (for the damages caused to people). The Imam (a.s.) said, “O Amir al-Mu’minin, what has happened to the reparations due to us?” He then asked, “What damage is caused to you O abu al-Hassan ?” He (the Imam (a.s.) said, “Allah, the Holy, the Most High, granted victory to His Holy Prophet (s.a) and the land of Fadak and its surrounding areas came under his control without any armed struggle Allah sent a message to His the Holy Prophet (s.a). It said, “Give the relatives their rights.” The Messenger of Allah did not know who they were. He turned to Jibril to find out and Jibril turned to his Lord for the answer. Allah then sent revelation to him to give possession of Fadak to Fatima (a.s.). Thereupon, the Messenger of Allah called Fatima and said to her. “O Fatima (a.s.) Allah has commanded me to give possession of Fadak to you. She then said, “ O the Messenger of Allah, I have accepted the offer from Allah and from you.” Thereafter her representatives lived there during the life time of the Messenger of Allah. When abu Bakr took control he expelled her representatives therefrom. She went to abu Bakr and asked him to reverse his decision and return Fadak to her but he said to Fatima (a.s.), “Bring to a black or white to testify that Fadak belonged to you.” Fatima (a.s.) brought Amir al-Mu’minin Ali (a.s.) and ’Umm Ayman who both testified in favor of Fatima (a.s.). He then wrote, “Fatima must not be disturbed in the matters of Fadak.” Fatima then left with the document. On the way ‘Umar came from the opposite direction and asked, “What is it in your hand O daughter of Muhammad?” Fatima (a.s.) said, “It is a document that ibn abu Quhafa has written for me.” He said, “Show it to me.” Fatima refused to hand it over to him but he snatched it away from her hand and read it. He then spit on it wiped out its writing and tore it into pieces. He said, “This was not captured by forces of the camels and horses of your father so that you can tie the rope around our necks.”

Al-Mahdi said, “O abu al-Hassan define for me the boundaries of Fadak.” The Imam (a.s.) said, “On one side it borders the mountain of ’Uhud. On the other side is ‘Arish Misr. Also it borders Sayf al-Bahr and on one of its sides is Dawmat al-Jandal.” Then he asked the Imams, “Is that all?” He said, “Yes, O Amir al-Mu’minin, this is all that came to the Messenger of Allah without the use of the forces of the camels and horses.” He said, “This is a large area but I will look into it.”

6ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ الانْفَالُ هُوَ النَّفْلُ وَفِي سُورَةِ الانْفَالِ جَدْعُ الانْفِ.

6. A number of our people has narrated Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Ali ibn abu Hamza from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following.

“Al-Anfal means al-Nafl (optional). In this chapter, al-Anfal, stands the amputation of the nose (of enemies and proof of their humiliation).”

7ـ أَحْمَدُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنِ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سُئِلَ عَنْ قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّما غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْ‏ءٍ فَأَنَّ لله خُمُسَهُ وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلِذِي الْقُرْبى‏ فَقِيلَ لَهُ فَمَا كَانَ لله فَلِمَنْ هُوَ فَقَالَ لِرَسُولِ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَمَا كَانَ لِرَسُولِ الله فَهُوَ لِلامَامِ فَقِيلَ لَهُ أَ فَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ كَانَ صِنْفٌ مِنَ الاصْنَافِ أَكْثَرَ وَصِنْفٌ أَقَلَّ مَا يُصْنَعُ بِهِ قَالَ ذَاكَ إِلَى الامَامِ أَ رَأَيْتَ رَسُولَ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ أَ لَيْسَ إِنَّمَا كَانَ يُعْطِي عَلَى مَا يَرَى كَذَلِكَ الامَامُ.

7. Ahmad has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr who has said the following.

“Once a person asked al-Rida (a.s.) about the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most gracious, “Know that whatever property you may gain, one fifth belongs to God, the Messenger, the kindred,. .” (8:41) It then was asked, “The portion that belongs to Allah to who does it go?” The Imam (a.s.) said, “It belongs to the Messenger of Allah and whatever belongs to the Messenger of Allah it belongs to the Imam.” Another question said, “If one of the categories of welfare recipient would more and the other category less then how it is dealt with?”

The Imam (a.s.) said, “It is left to the discretion of the Imam consider how the Messenger of Allah dealt with such cases. Is it not the case that he used his own discretion and distribute as he would consider proper? The Imam would deal with such case in the same way.”

8ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ ابي جعفر (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ مَعَادِنِ الذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ وَالْحَدِيدِ وَالرَّصَاصِ وَالصُّفْرِ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهَا الْخُمُسُ.

8. Ali ibn Ibrahim ibn Hashim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Imayr from Jamil ibn Darraj from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following. “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.) was asked about the minerals such as gold, silver, iron, lead and zinc. He said, “They all are subject to al-Khums.”

9ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ الامَامُ يُجْرِي وَيُنَفِّلُ وَيُعْطِي مَا شَاءَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَقَعَ السِّهَامُ وَقَدْ قَاتَلَ رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) بِقَوْمٍ لَمْ يَجْعَلْ لَهُمْ فِي الْفَيْ‏ءِ نَصِيباً وَإِنْ شَاءَ قَسَمَ ذَلِكَ بَيْنَهُمْ.

9. Ali has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Jamil from Zurara who has said the following.

“The Imam has the right before the distribution to spend form (booties of war), give as gift, grants and other causes. The Messenger of Allah had a confrontation with a people and he did not leave anything for them from al-Fay’. He may have given them a share if he would have wanted.”

10ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ حُكَيْمٍ مُؤَذِّنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ قَوْلِ الله تَعَالَى وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّما غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْ‏ءٍ فَأَنَّ لله خُمُسَهُ وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلِذِي الْقُرْبى‏ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) بِمِرْفَقَيْهِ عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ ثُمَّ أَشَارَ بِيَدِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ هِيَ وَالله الافَادَةُ يَوْماً بِيَوْمٍ إِلا أَنَّ أَبِي جَعَلَ شِيعَتَهُ فِي حِلٍّ لِيَزْكُوا.

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibnsn from ‘Abd al-Samad ibn Bashir from Hakim Mu’dhin ibn ‘Isa who has said the following.

“Once I asked abu ‘Abdallah about the words of Allah, the Most High, ““Know that whatever property you may gain, one fifth belongs to God, the Messenger, the kindred,. .” (8:41) Abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) placing his elbows on his knees and making hand gestures said, “By Allah, such gains are the daily gains except that my father had given more freedom and ease to his Shi‘a (to pay the one fifth any time during the or at the end of the year).”

11ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الْخُمُسِ فَقَالَ فِي كُلِّ مَا أَفَادَ النَّاسُ مِنْ قَلِيلٍ أَوْ كَثِيرٍ.

11. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from al-Husayn ibn ‘Uthman from Sama‘ who has said the following.

“I asked abu al-Hassan about al-Khums. He said, “It is due on all small and large gains that people make.”

12ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ كَتَبْتُ جُعِلْتُ لَكَ الْفِدَاءَ تُعَلِّمُنِي مَا الْفَائِدَةُ وَمَا حَدُّهَا رَأْيَكَ أَبْقَاكَ الله تَعَالَى أَنْ تَمُنَّ عَلَيَّ بِبَيَانِ ذَلِكَ لِكَيْلا أَكُونَ مُقِيماً عَلَى حَرَامٍ لا صَلاةَ لِي وَلا صَوْمَ فَكَتَبَ الْفَائِدَةُ مِمَّا يُفِيدُ إِلَيْكَ فِي تِجَارَةٍ مِنْ رِبْحِهَا وَحَرْثٍ بَعْدَ الْغَرَامِ أَوْ جَائِزَةٍ.

12. A number of our people has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa ibn Yazid who has said the following.

“I wrote to the Imam (a.s.), may Allah take my soul in service for your cause, explain to me what is gain and profit? What is its limit? What is your opinion? May Allah grant you long life. I will be grateful for your explanation so I will not continue in unlawful activities with invalid prayer and fasting.” He wrote to me , “Gain and profit is the income from trade from its net profit or from farming after the deduction of expenses and prizes.”

13ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ قَالَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَى ابي جعفر (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) الْخُمُسُ أُخْرِجُهُ قَبْلَ الْمَئُونَةِ أَوْ بَعْدَ الْمَئُونَةِ فَكَتَبَ بَعْدَ الْمَئُونَةِ.

13. A number of our people has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr who has said the following.

“I wrote to abu Ja‘far (a.s.), “Is al-Khums paid before or after deducting the expenses?” He wrote back in answer, “It is paid after the deduction of the expenses.”

14ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ ابي جعفر (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ كُلُّ شَيْ‏ءٍ قُوتِلَ عَلَيْهِ عَلَى شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لا إِلَهَ إِلا الله وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ الله فَإِنَّ لَنَا خُمُسَهُ وَلا يَحِلُّ لاحَدٍ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ مِنَ الْخُمُسِ شَيْئاً حَتَّى يَصِلَ إِلَيْنَا حَقَّنَا.

14. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Ali ibn abu Hamza from abu Basir from abu Ja‘far (a.s.) who has said the following.

“Whatever is gained from a war that is fought to establish the testimony of that says, “There is no lord besides Allah and the Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah “ its al-Khums belongs to us. It is not lawful for to buy anything with a money for which al-Khums, our right is not paid.”

15ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ نَافِعٍ قَالَ طَلَبْنَا الاذْنَ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) وَأَرْسَلْنَا إِلَيْهِ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْنَا ادْخُلُوا اثْنَيْنِ اثْنَيْنِ فَدَخَلْتُ أَنَا وَرَجُلٌ مَعِي فَقُلْتُ لِلرَّجُلِ أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَسْتَأْذِنَ بِالْمَسْأَلَةِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ أَبِي كَانَ مِمَّنْ سَبَاهُ بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ قَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ أَنْ يُحَرِّمُوا وَلا يُحَلِّلُوا وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ مِمَّا فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ قَلِيلٌ وَلا كَثِيرٌ وَإِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ لَكُمْ فَإِذَا ذَكَرْتُ رَدَّ الَّذِي كُنْتُ فِيهِ دَخَلَنِي مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا يَكَادُ يُفْسِدُ عَلَيَّ عَقْلِي مَا أَنَا فِيهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَنْتَ فِي حِلٍّ مِمَّا كَانَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَكُلُّ مَنْ كَانَ فِي مِثْلِ حَالِكَ مِنْ وَرَائِي فَهُوَ فِي حِلٍّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَالَ فَقُمْنَا وَخَرَجْنَا فَسَبَقَنَا مُعَتِّبٌ إِلَى النَّفَرِ الْقُعُودِ الَّذِينَ يَنْتَظِرُونَ إِذْنَ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَقَالَ لَهُمْ قَدْ ظَفِرَ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ نَافِعٍ بِشَيْ‏ءٍ مَا ظَفِرَ بِمِثْلِهِ أَحَدٌ قَطُّ قَدْ قِيلَ لَهُ وَمَا ذَاكَ فَفَسَّرَهُ لَهُمْ فَقَامَ اثْنَانِ فَدَخَلا عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ أَبِي كَانَ مِنْ سَبَايَا بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ وَقَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَلِيلٌ وَلا كَثِيرٌ وَأَنَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَجْعَلَنِي مِنْ ذَلِكَ فِي حِلٍّ فَقَالَ وَذَاكَ إِلَيْنَا مَا ذَاكَ إِلَيْنَا مَا لَنَا أَنْ نُحِلَّ وَلا أَنْ نُحَرِّمَ فَخَرَجَ الرَّجُلانِ وَغَضِبَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ عَلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ فِي تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةِ إِلا بَدَأَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَقَالَ أَ لا تَعْجَبُونَ مِنْ فُلانٍ يَجِيئُنِي فَيَسْتَحِلُّنِي مِمَّا صَنَعَتْ بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ كَأَنَّهُ يَرَى أَنَّ ذَلِكَ لَنَا وَلَمْ يَنْتَفِعْ أَحَدٌ فِي تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةِ بِقَلِيلٍ وَلا كَثِيرٍ إِلا الاوَّلَيْنِ فَإِنَّهُمَا غَنِيَا بِحَاجَتِهِمَا.

15. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from mmd ibn Sinan from Yunus ibn ya‘qub from ‘Abd al-‘Aziz ibn Na’fi‘ who has said the following.

“We asked permission from abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) and sent him a message. He then sent us a message that told two of us should meet him at one time. I and a man with me went to meet him. I said to the man, “I like you to ask permission to ask questions.” He said, “Yes, I will do so.” He then said to the Imam (a.s.), may Allah take my soul in service for your cause, my father was taken as a captive by the ’Umayyids. I know that ’Umayyids did not consider lawful and unlawful matters and that they did not have any right in all that was in their possession in large or small quantities but that they rightfully belonged to you. When I think how much must return to you I get a feeling that almost destroys my power of reason.” The Imam (a.s.) said, “You are free from such obligation as well as all those who is in same conditions as you are, are also from such obligations after me.” The narrator has said, “We than left and Mut‘ab.(the servant) reached the next group who were to meet the Imam (a.s.) before us and said, “’Abd al-‘Aziz ibn Na’fi‘ has succeeded in what no one before him had ever done.” They asked, “What is it?” He then explained it to them. Then two of them went to see the Imam (a.s.) One of them said, “May Allah take my soul in service for your cause, my father was a captive in the hands of the ’Umayyids. I knew that the ’Umayyids. Had no legal control over all that had in small or large amounts. I would like that you would set me free from the liabilities.” The Imam (a.s.) said, “Is that up us?” It is not up us. We have no right to make thing lawful or unlawful.” The two men then left. Abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) became angry. No one then went to see him but that abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) began to say, “Are you not surprised at so and so? He comes to me to legalize what th ’Umayyids. Had done? He thinks it is up to us. That night no one benefited less or more except the first two people. They gained what they needed.”

16ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ ضُرَيْسٍ الْكُنَاسِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) مِنْ أَيْنَ دَخَلَ عَلَى النَّاسِ الزِّنَا قُلْتُ لا أَدْرِي جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ قَالَ مِنْ قِبَلِ خُمُسِنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ إِلا شِيعَتَنَا الاطْيَبِينَ فَإِنَّهُ مُحَلَّلٌ لَهُمْ لِمِيلادِهِمْ.

16. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn Mahbub from Durays al-Kunnas who has said the following.

“Abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) said, “Why people get the course of adultery?” I said, “I do not know, May Allah take my soul in service for your cause.” He said, “It is because of not paying our al-Khums (one fifth religious dues) except our pure Shi‘a. It helps cleans their birth.”

17ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي الصَّبَّاحِ قَالَ قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) نَحْنُ قَوْمٌ فَرَضَ الله طَاعَتَنَا لَنَا الانْفَالُ وَلَنَا صَفْوُ الْمَالِ.

17. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayar from Shu‘ayb from abu al-Sabbah who has said the following.

“Abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) said to me, “We are the people obedience to whom is obligatory by the commands of Allah. Al-Anfal (properties acquired without the use of armed forces) and the best of the properties of the gains from war belong to us.”

18ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي الرَّجُلِ يَمُوتُ لا وَارِثَ لَهُ وَلا مَوْلَى قَالَ هُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ هَذِهِ الايَةِ يَسْئَلُونَكَ عَنِ الانْفالِ.

18. A number of our people has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from Rifa‘a from Aban ibn Taghlib from abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who has said the following.

About a man who dies without a heir the Imam (a.s.) said, “To him this verse applies, ‘They (the believers) ask you (Muhammad) about the booty captured (from the enemies) during a war. .” (8:1)

19ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الْكَنْزِ كَمْ فِيهِ قَالَ الْخُمُسُ وَعَنِ الْمَعَادِنِ كَمْ فِيهَا قَالَ الْخُمُسُ وَكَذَلِكَ الرَّصَاصُ وَالصُّفْرُ وَالْحَدِيدُ وَكُلُّ مَا كَانَ مِنَ الْمَعَادِنِ يُؤْخَذُ مِنْهَا مَا يُؤْخَذُ مِنَ الذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ.

19. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayar from Hammad from abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who has said the following about how much al-Khums is on treasures. “One fifth of treasure found is paid as al-Khums.” The question said, “How much is on minerals?” The Imam (a.s.) said, “one fifth. So is lead, zinc and iron. All minerals are like gold and silver on which the religious due is one fifth.”

20ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ صَبَّاحٍ الازْرَقِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيْهما السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ أَشَدَّ مَا فِيهِ النَّاسُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَنْ يَقُومَ صَاحِبُ الْخُمُسِ فَيَقُولَ يَا رَبِّ خُمُسِي وَقَدْ طَيَّبْنَا ذَلِكَ لِشِيعَتِنَا لِتَطِيبَ وِلادَتُهُمْ وَلِتَزْكُوَ وِلادَتُهُمْ.

20. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Sabbah al-Arzaq from Muhammad ibn Muslim from one of them (abu Ja‘far or abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who has said the following.

“The most serious trouble that one would face on the Day of Judgment is when a person with the right to receive al-Khums will stand up and say, “Lord, my al-Khums was paid.” However, we have gifted it to our Shi‘a to cleanse and purify their birth.”

21ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَمَّا يُخْرَجُ مِنَ الْبَحْرِ مِنَ اللُّؤْلُؤِ وَالْيَاقُوتِ وَالزَّبَرْجَدِ وَعَنْ مَعَادِنِ الذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ مَا فِيهِ قَالَ إِذَا بَلَغَ ثَمَنُهُ دِينَاراً فَفِيهِ الْخُمُسُ.

21. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr from Muhammad ibn Ali from abu al-Hassan (a.s.) who has said the following.

The narrator has said, “I asked him about what is taken out of the sea, such as pearls, ruby and chrysolite and minerals such as gold and silver and others as to how much is al-Khums on them?” The Imam (a.s.) said, “If it would value up to a Dinar then al-Khums is due on it.”

22ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ قَالَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ يَا سَيِّدِي رَجُلٌ دُفِعَ إِلَيْهِ مَالٌ يَحُجُّ بِهِ هَلْ عَلَيْهِ فِي ذَلِكَ الْمَالِ حِينَ يَصِيرُ إِلَيْهِ الْخُمُسُ أَوْ عَلَى مَا فَضَلَ فِي يَدِهِ بَعْدَ الْحَجِّ فَكَتَبَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ الْخُمُسُ.

22. Muhammad ibn al-Husayn and Ali ibn Muhammad have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ali ibn Mahziyar who has said the following.

“I wrote to him, ‘My master, a man is given money to perform Hajj. Is there al-Khums on such money when he would receive it or there is al-Khums on what would remain extra from the expenses after Hajj?” He wrote, “There is no al-Khums on him.”

23ـ سَهْلُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ قَالَ سَرَّحَ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) بِصِلَةٍ إِلَى أَبِي فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ أَبِي هَلْ عَلَيَّ فِيمَا سَرَّحْتَ إِلَيَّ خُمُسٌ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ لا خُمُسَ عَلَيْكَ فِيمَا سَرَّحَ بِهِ صَاحِبُ الْخُمُسِ.

23. Sahl ibn Ziyad has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ali ibn al-Husayn ibn ‘Abd Rabbihi who has said the following.

“Al-Rida (a.s.) sent a gift to my father and my father wrote to him, “Is there al-Khums on the gift you just sent to me?” He wrote back to him in answer, “There is no al-Khums on the gift that the recipient of al-Khums has sent to you.”

24ـ سَهْلٌ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْهَمَذَانِيِّ قَالَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَقْرَأَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ مَهْزِيَارَ كِتَابَ أَبِيكَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِيمَا أَوْجَبَهُ عَلَى أَصْحَابِ الضِّيَاعِ نِصْفُ السُّدُسِ بَعْدَ الْمَئُونَةِ وَأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ عَلَى مَنْ لَمْ تَقُمْ ضَيْعَتُهُ بِمَئُونَتِهِ نِصْفُ السُّدُسِ وَلا غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ فَاخْتَلَفَ مَنْ قِبَلَنَا فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالُوا يَجِبُ عَلَى الضِّيَاعِ الْخُمُسُ بَعْدَ الْمَئُونَةِ مَئُونَةِ الضَّيْعَةِ وَخَرَاجِهَا لا مَئُونَةِ الرَّجُلِ وَعِيَالِهِ فَكَتَبَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) بَعْدَ مَئُونَتِهِ وَمَئُونَةِ عِيَالِهِ وَبَعْدَ خَرَاجِ السُّلْطَانِ.

24. Sahl has narrated from Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Hamadani who has said the following.

“I wrote to abu al-Hassan (a.s.) , ‘ail ibn Mahziyar read to me the letter of your father (a.s.) that said, “The owners of gardens pay three percent after deducting the expenses. Those whose gardens would not produce even the expenses there is nothing due on them.” A difference of opinion has risen among our people. They say that on the produce of the gardens there is al-Khums after the deduction of the expenses, the expenses of the garden not the expenses of the owner and his family. The Imam (a.s.) wrote back in answer, “Al-Khums is due after the deduction of the taxes to government and the expenses of one’s family.”

25ـ سَهْلٌ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْمُثَنَّى قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ الطَّبَرِيُّ قَالَ كَتَبَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ تُجَّارِ فَارِسَ مِنْ بَعْضِ مَوَالِي أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَسْأَلُهُ الاذْنَ فِي الْخُمُسِ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ بِسْمِ الله الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ إِنَّ الله وَاسِعٌ كَرِيمٌ ضَمِنَ عَلَى الْعَمَلِ الثَّوَابَ وَعَلَى الضِّيقِ الْهَمَّ لا يَحِلُّ مَالٌ إِلا مِنْ وَجْهٍ أَحَلَّهُ الله وَإِنَّ الْخُمُسَ عَوْنُنَا عَلَى دِينِنَا وَعَلَى عِيَالاتِنَا وَعَلَى مَوَالِينَا وَمَا نَبْذُلُهُ وَنَشْتَرِي مِنْ أَعْرَاضِنَا مِمَّنْ نَخَافُ سَطْوَتَهُ فَلا تَزْوُوهُ عَنَّا وَلا تَحْرِمُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ دُعَاءَنَا مَا قَدَرْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّ إِخْرَاجَهُ مِفْتَاحُ رِزْقِكُمْ وَتَمْحِيصُ ذُنُوبِكُمْ وَمَا تُمَهِّدُونَ لانْفُسِكُمْ لِيَوْمِ فَاقَتِكُمْ وَالْمُسْلِمُ مَنْ يَفِي لله بِمَا عَهِدَ إِلَيْهِ وَلَيْسَ الْمُسْلِمُ مَنْ أَجَابَ بِاللِّسَانِ وَخَالَفَ بِالْقَلْبِ وَالسَّلامُ.

25. Sahl has narrated from Ahmad ibn al-Muthanna who has said that Muhammad ibn al-Tabari has said that a businessman from Persia who was of the friends of abu al-Hassan al-Rida (a.s.) wanted permission about al-khums.

The Imam (a.s.) wrote.

“In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful

Allah increases people’s sustenance and He is generous. He has guaranteed rewards for work and depression in sadness. The use of a property is not lawful unless it is used in the way Allah has made lawful. Al-Khums helps us in our religion, in the expenses of our dependents and our friends. It helps us to gift and buy protection of for our dignity against those whom we fear. Do not withheld it from us and do not deprive yourselves from our prayers as far as it is possible for you. Paying al-Khums increases you earnings, cleanses your sins and whatever you would preserve for yourselves for the day that you would need help the most. A Muslim is one who fulfills his promise to Allah. One is not a Muslim if he would say, “Yes, with his tongue but would oppose it in his heart. With peace.”

26ـ وَبِهَذَا الاسْنَادِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ قَالَ قَدِمَ قَوْمٌ مِنْ خُرَاسَانَ عَلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَسَأَلُوهُ أَنْ يَجْعَلَهُمْ فِي حِلٍّ مِنَ الْخُمُسِ فَقَالَ مَا أَمْحَلَ هَذَا تَمْحَضُونَّا بِالْمَوَدَّةِ بِأَلْسِنَتِكُمْ وَتَزْوُونَ عَنَّا حَقّاً جَعَلَهُ الله لَنَا وَجَعَلَنَا لَهُ وَهُوَ الْخُمُسُ لا نَجْعَلُ لا نَجْعَلُ لا نَجْعَلُ لاحَدٍ مِنْكُمْ فِي حِلٍّ.

26. Through the same chain of narrators it is narrated from Muhammad ibn Zayd who has said the following.

“A group of people came from Khurasan to abu al-Hassan al-Rida (a.s.). They asked him to set tehm free from the obligation of payment of al-Khums. The Imam (a.s.) said, “What kind of plan is this? Do you try to love us purely only with your tongue and withheld from us the right that Allah has set for us? That right is al-Khums. We do not , do not and do not wave it to anyone of you.”

27ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) إِذْ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ صَالِحُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ وَكَانَ يَتَوَلَّى لَهُ الْوَقْفَ بِقُمَّ فَقَالَ يَا سَيِّدِي اجْعَلْنِي مِنْ عَشَرَةِ آلافٍ فِي حِلٍّ فَإِنِّي أَنْفَقْتُهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ أَنْتَ فِي حِلٍّ فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ صَالِحٌ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَحَدُهُمْ يَثِبُ عَلَى أَمْوَالِ حَقِّ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَأَيْتَامِهِمْ وَمَسَاكِينِهِمْ وَفُقَرَائِهِمْ وَأَبْنَاءِ سَبِيلِهِمْ فَيَأْخُذُهُ ثُمَّ يَجِي‏ءُ فَيَقُولُ اجْعَلْنِي فِي حِلٍّ أَ تَرَاهُ ظَنَّ أَنِّي أَقُولُ لا أَفْعَلُ وَالله لَيَسْأَلَنَّهُمُ الله يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَنْ ذَلِكَ سُؤَالاً حَثِيثاً.

27. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father who has said the following.

“I was in the presence of abu Ja‘far al-Thani (a.s.) that Salih ibn Muhammad ibn Sahl came and he was his supervisor of endowments in Qumm. He said, “My master, wave to me ten thousand because I have already spent it.” The Imam (a.s.) said, “It is waved in your favor.” When Salih left then abu Ja‘far (a.s.) said as herein below. “Once one of them gets his hand on the property that belongs to Ahl al-Bayt of Muhammad (s.a), to their orphans, their destitute, to their needy and to those of them who become needy on a journey and then he comes to us and says, “Wave it in my favor.” Do you think I can say, “No, I will not wave it in your favor?” By Allah, Allah will soon ask them on the Day of Judgment without any concession.”

28ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الْعَنْبَرِ وَغَوْصِ اللُّؤْلُؤِ فَقَالَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَلَيْهِ الْخُمُسُ.

كَمَلَ الْجُزْءُ الثَّانِي مِنْ كِتَابِ الْحُجَّةِ مِنْ كِتَابِ الْكَافِي وَيَتْلُوهُ كِتَابُ الايمَانِ وَالْكُفْرِ وَالْحَمْدُ لله رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ وَالسَّلامُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَآلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ الطَّاهِرِينَ.

28. Ali has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayar from Hammad from al-Halabi who has said the following.

“I asked abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) about the corral and diving for pearls. The Imam (a.s.) said, “There is al-Khums due on them.”

End of second Volume of the book on the people who possess Divine Authority (of the book al-Kafi) that is followed by the book, belief and disbelief. All praise belongs to Allah, Lord of the worlds. May the peace and blessings be showered up on Muhammad and his family, the clean and pure ones.