Alhassanain(p) Network for Heritage and Islamic Thought

1149 - ثَمَراتُ الصَّمتِ‏

1149. THE FRUITS OF SILENCE

3680. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : علَيكَ بطُولِ الصَّمتِ فإنّهُ مَطرَدَةٌ لِلشَّيطانِ، وعَونٌ لكَ على‏ أمرِ دِينِكَ1

3680. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘You must maintain silence for long periods of time for verily it drives Satan away and helps you in matters of your faith.’2

3681. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : اِلزَمِ الصَّمتَ فَأدنى‏ نَفعِهِ السَّلامَةُ3

3681. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Adhere to silence for the very least of its benefits is health.’4

3682. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الصَّمتُ رَوضَةُ الفِكرِ5

3682. 3687. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Silence is the garden of thought.’6

3683. الإمامُ الحسنُ عليه السلام : قد أكثَرَ مِن الهَيبَةِ الصّامِتُ7

3683. Imam al-Hasan (AS) said, ‘Indeed the silent one has great earnestness.’8

3684. الإمامُ الحسنُ عليه السلام : نِعمَ العَونُ الصَّمتُ في مَواطِنَ كثيرَةٍ وإن كُنتَ فَصِيحاً9

3684. Imam al-Hasan (AS) said, ‘How excellent an aid silence is in numerous situations, even if one be an expressive person.’10

3685. الإمامُ الرِّضا عليه السلام : إنَّ الصَّمتَ بابٌ مِن أبوابِ الحِكمَةِ، إنَّ الصَّمتَ يُكسِبُ المَحَبَّةَ إنّه دَليلٌ على‏ كُلِّ خَيرٍ11

3685. Imam al-Rida (AS) said, ‘Verily silence is one of the doors to wisdom; verily silence secures love; verily it leads one to all good.’12

Notes

1. بحار الأنوار : 71 / 279 / 19

2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 71, p. 279, no. 19

3. غرر الحكم : 2314

4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 2314

5. غرر الحكم : 546

6. Ibid. no. 546

7. بحار الأنوار : 78 / 113 / 7

8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 113, no. 7

9. معاني الأخبار :401 / 62

10. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 401, no. 62

11. الكافي : 2 / 113 / 1

12. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 113, no. 1

1150 - الصَّمتُ المَذمُومُ‏

1150. Blameworthy Silence

3686. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : لا خَيرَ في الصَّمتِ عَنِ الحُكمِ، كما أنّهُ لا خَيرَ في القَولِ بِالجَهلِ1

3686. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘There is no good in keeping silent about a matter of wisdom, just as there is no good in speaking about something one is ignorant of.’2

3687. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - في علامةِ المُتَّقي - : إن صَمَتَ لَم يَغُمَّهُ ، وإن ضَحِكَ لَم يَعلُ صَوتُهُ3

3687. Imam Ali (AS) said about the distinguishing characteristics of the pious one, ‘Verily when he is silent, his own silence does not distress him, and when he laughs he does not do so loudly.’4

(اُنظر) عنوان 348 «الكلام»

(See also: SPEAKING 348)

Notes

1. نهج البلاغة : الحكمة 182

2. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 182

3. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 193

4. Ibid. sermon 193

242 - المصيبة

242. AFFLICTION

1151 - أجرُ المَصائِبِ‏

1151. The Reward for (Enduring an) Affliction

3688. الإمامُ الحسنُ عليه السلام: المَصائبُ مَفاتيحُ الأجرِ1

3688. Imam al-Hasan (AS) said, ‘Afflictions are the keys to reward.’2

Notes

1. أعلام الدين : 297

2. Alam al-Din, no. 297

1152 - أشَدُّ المَصائِبِ‏

1152. THE WORST OF AFFLICTIONS

3689. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - لَمّا سُئِلَ عن أشَدِّ المَصائبِ - : المُصيبَةُ بِالدِّينِ1

3689. Imam Ali (AS) was once asked what the worst affliction was, to which he replied, ‘To be afflicted with a blow to one’s faith.’2

3690. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : أعظَمُ المَصائبِ والشَّقاءِ الوَلَهُ بِالدُّنيا3

3690. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The greatest affliction and source of wretchedness is infatuation with this world.’4

3691. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام: أعظَمُ المَصائبِ الجَهلُ5

3691. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The greatest affliction is ignorance.’6

3692. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام - لِرَجُلٍ قدِ اشتَدَّ جَزَعُهُ على‏ وَلَدِهِ - : يا هذا جَزِعتَ لِلمُصيبَةِ الصُّغرى‏، وغَفَلتَ عنِ المُصيبَةِ الكُبرى‏ ! ولو كنتَ لِما صارَ إليه وَلَدُكَ مُستَعِدّاً لَما اشتَدَّ علَيه جَزَعُكَ ، فَمُصابُكَ بتَركِكَ الاستِعدادَ لَهُ أعظَمُ مِن مُصابِكَ بوَلَدِكَ7

3692. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said to a man who was experiencing intense grief at the loss of his son, ‘You are grieving at the minor affliction and are heedless of the major affliction! If only you prepared yourself for the place that your son has passed away to, your grief would not be so intense, for your affliction at having neglected preparation for it [i.e. the Hereafter] is much greater than the loss of your son.’8

Notes

1. الأمالي للصدوق : 479 / 644

2. Amali al-Saduq, p. 323, no. 4

3. غرر الحكم : 3081

4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3081

5. غرر الحكم : 2844

6. Ibid. no. 2844

7. عيون أخبار الرِّضا : 2 / 5 / 10

8. Uyun Akhbar al-Rida (AS), v. 2, p. 5, no. 10

1153 - الاستِرجاعُ‏1 عِندَ المُصيبَةِ

1153. To Say “Indeed we belong to Allah and to Him do we indeed return” when Struck with an Affliction

( وَلَنَبْلُوَنَّكُمْ بِشَيْ‏ءٍ مِّنَ الخَوْفِ وَالْجُوعِ وَنَقْصٍ مِّنَ الْأَمْوَالِ وَالْأَنْفُسِ وَالثَّمَرَاتِ وَبَشِّرِ الصّابِرِينَ * الَّذِينَ إذا أصابَتْهُمْ مُصِيْبَةٌ قالُوا إنّا لِلّهِ وَإنّا إلَيهِ راجِعُونَ).2

“We will surely test you with a measure of fear and hunger and a loss of wealth, lives, and crops; and give good news to the patient – those who, when an affliction visits them, say, ‘Indeed we belong to Allah, and to Him do we indeed return.” 3

3693. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : مَن اُلهِمَ الاستِرجاعَ عندَ المُصيبَةِ وَجَبَت لَهُ الجَنَّةُ4

3693. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said: He who is inspired to utter the words, ‘Indeed we belong to Allah, and to Him do we indeed return’ during an affliction, his entrance into Paradise is made obligatory.’5

Notes

1. هو قول : «إنّا للَّهِ‏ِ وإنّا إليه راجعون »

2. البقرة : 155، 156

3. Qur’an 2 :155 , 156

4. ثواب الأعمال : 235 / 2

5. Thawab al-Amal, p. 235, no. 2

1154 - أدَبُ المُصابِ‏

1154. The Etiquette of Dealing with an Affliction

3694. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله: النِّياحَةُ عملُ‏الجاهِليَّةِ.1

3694. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Wailing is an act from the pre-Islamic age of ignorance.’2

3695. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مِن كُنُوزِ البِرِّ : كِتمانُ المَصائب والأمراضِ والصَّدَقةِ3

3695. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Among the hidden treasures of goodness are: concealing one’s afflictions, one’s illnesses and one’s charity [from others].’4

3696. الأمالي للطوسي عن عائشة : لَمّا ماتَ إبراهيمُ بَكَى النبيُّ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله حتّى جَرَت دُموعُهُ على‏ لِحيَتِهِ، فقيلَ لَهُ : يا رسولَ اللَّهِ، تَنهى‏ عنِ البُكاءِ وأنتَ تَبكي ؟! فقالَ : ليسَ هذا بُكاءً، وإنّما هذهِ رَحمَةٌ، ومَن لا يَرحَمْ لا يُرحَمْ5

3696. A’isha narrated, ‘When Ibrahim [the Prophet’s son] passed away, the Prophet (SAWA) cried such that tears rolled onto his beard, so people said to him, ‘O Prophet of Allah, you dissuade people from crying and here you are now crying?!’ to which he replied, ‘This is not crying, it is compassion, for he who does not have compassion [for others] will not be treated with compassion [by Allah].’6

3697. سنن النسائي عن أبي هريرة : ماتَ مَيِّتٌ مِن آلِ رسولِ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله فاجتَمَعَ النِّساءُ يَبكِينَ علَيهِ فقامَ عمرُ يَنهاهُنَّ ويَطرُدُهُنَّ ، فقالَ رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : دَعهُنَّ يا عمرُ ، فإنّ العَينَ دامِعةٌ والقَلبَ مُصابٌ والعَهدَ قريبٌ7

3697. Abu Hurayra narrated, ‘A man from the family of the Prophet (SAWA) had passed away and the women were gathered around crying for him when Umar stood up and prohibited them from doing so, and told them to go away from there. The Prophet (SAWA) then said, ‘Leave them O Umar, for verily the eye feels teary [at the moment], the heart is afflicted and the pain of the incident is still fresh.’8

3698. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام عن رسولِ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله: صَوتانِ مَلعونانِ يُبغِضُهُما اللَّهُ : إعوالٌ عندَ مُصيبَةٍ، وصَوتٌ عندَ نِعمَةٍ ؛ يَعنِي النَّوحَ والغِناءَ9

3698. Imam Ali (AS) narrated on the authority of the Prophet (SAWA), ‘Two voices are cursed and despised by Allah: howling when struck by an affliction, and singing when blessed with a bounty.’10

(اُنظر) عنوان 64 «الجزع»

(See also: GRIEF 64)

Notes

1. بحار الأنوار : 82 / 103 / 50

2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 82, p. 103, no. 50

3. بحار الأنوار : 82 / 103 / 50

4. Ibid.

5. الأمالي للطوسي : 388 / 850

6. Amali al-Tusi, p. 388, no. 227

7. سنن النسائي : 4 / 19

8. Sunan al-Nasa’i, p. 4, no. 19

9. دعائم الإسلام : 1 / 227

10. Daa’im al-Islam, v. 1, p. 227

1155 - ما يُهَوِّنُ المَصائِبَ‏

1155. Factors that Ease Afflictions

3699. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَن زَهِدَ في الدنيا هانَت علَيهِ المُصيباتُ1

3699. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Afflictions are easy for one who is abstemious in this world.’2

3700. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَن عَظُمَت عِندَهُ مُصيبَةٌ فَليَذكُرْ مُصيبَتَهُ بي؛ فإنّها سَتَهُونُ علَيهِ3

3700. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘He who finds an affliction too great to bear should think about [the greatness of his affliction resulting from] my passing away from this world, and his own affliction will become easier to bear.’4

3701. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : أكثِرُوا ذِكرَ المَوتِ، ويومَ خُروجِكُم مِن القُبورِ، وقِيامِكُم بَينَ يَدَيِ اللَّهِ عَزَّوجلَّ، تَهُونُ علَيكُمُ المَصائبُ5

3701. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Increase your remembrance of death, the day that you will rise from your graves, and your standing before Allah, Mighty and Exalted, and your afflictions will become easier to bear.’6

3702. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام - إنّهُ كانَ يقولُ عندَ المُصيبَةِ - : الحَمدُ للَّهِ‏ِ الذي لَم يَجعَلْ مُصِيبَتي في دِيني، والحَمدُ للَّهِ‏ِ الذي لو شاءَ أن تكونَ مُصيبَتي أعظَمَ مِمّا كانت (كانَت)، والحَمدُ للَّهِ‏ِ على الأمرِ الذي شاءَ أن يكونَ وكانَ7

3702. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) used to say the following when faced with an affliction, ‘All praise is due to Allah, Who did not afflict me in my faith, and all praise is due to Allah Who, if He had willed for my affliction to be greater than it is could have made it so, and all praise is due to Allah for the command that He willed to be and it is.’8

3703. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : إنّ المَيِّتَ إذا ماتَ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ مَلَكاً إلى‏ أوجَعِ أهلِهِ، فَمَسَحَ على‏ قَلبِهِ فَأنساهُ لَوعَةَ الحُزنِ، ولولا ذلكَ لَم تَعمُرِ الدنيا9

3703. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Verily when someone dies, Allah sends an angel to the most grieved member of his family, who strokes his heart and makes him forget the agony of grief, and if it were not for this, the world would never again thrive.’10

Notes

1. كنز الفوائد : 2 / 163

2. Kanz al-Fawa’idi, v. 2, p. 163

3. بحار الأنوار :82 / 84 / 26

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 82, p. 84, no. 26

5. الخصال : 616 / 10

6. al-Khisal, p. 616, no. 10

7. بحار الأنوار : 78 / 268 / 183

8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 268, no. 183

9. الكافي : 3 / 227 / 1

10. al-Kafi, v. 3, p. 227, no. 1

1156 - ذَمُّ الشِّماتَةِ بِالمُصابِ‏

1156. Reprehension of Gloating at Another’s Affliction

3704. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : مَن شَمِتَ بمُصيبَةٍ نَزَلَت بأخِيهِ لَم يَخرُجْ مِن الدنيا حتّى يُفتَتَنَ1

3704. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Whoever gloats over an affliction that has befallen his fellow brother does not leave this world until he is tried similarly.’2

(اُنظر) عنوان 276 «التعزية»

(See also: CONDOLENCE 276)

Notes

1. الكافي : 2 / 359 / 1

2. Ibid. v. 2, p. 359, no. 1

243 - الصوت‏

243. THE VOICE

1157 - مَدحُ خَفضِ الصَّوتِ وَذَمُّ رَفعِهِ‏

1157. PRAISING THE LOWERING OF ONE’S VOICE AND DENOUNCING THE RAISING OF IT

( وَاقْصِدْ فِي مَشْيِكَ وَاغْضُضْ مِنْ صَوْتِكَ إنَّ أنْكَرَ الْأصْواتِ لَصَوْتُ الْحَمِيرِ).1

“Be modest in your bearing, and lower your voice. Indeed the ungainliest of voices is the donkey’s voice.” 2

3705. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : إنّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الصَّوتَ الخَفيضَ، ويُبغِضُ الصَّوتَ الرَّفيعَ3

3705. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Verily Allah loves the low voice and despises the raised voice.’4

3706. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله - في وصيِّتِهِ لأبي ذَ رٍّ - : يا أبا ذَ رٍّ ، اخفِضْ صَوتَكَ عِند الجَنائزِ، وعِندَ القِتالِ ، وعِندَ القرآنِ.5

3706. The Prophet (SAWA) said in his advice to Abu Dharr, ‘O Abu Dharr, lower your voice at funerals, during a battle, and when the Qur’an is being recited.’6

3707. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : ثلاثٌ فيهِنَّ المُروءَةُ : غَضُ‏الطَّرفِ، وغَضُ‏الصَّوتِ، ومَشيُ‏القَصدِ7

3707. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Three actions are considered to be gallant: lowering one’s gaze, lowering one’s voice and walking with deliberation.’8

3708. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : خَفضُ الصَّوتِ، وغَضُّ البَصَرِ، ومَشيُ القَصدِ، مِن أمارَةِ الإيمانِ وحُسنِ التَّدَيُّنِ9

3708. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Lowering one’s voice, lowering one’s gaze, and walking with deliberation are among the marks of one’s faith and the integrity of one’s devoutness.’10

Notes

1. لقمان : 19

2. Qur’an 31 :19

3. منية المريد : 213

4. Munyat al-Murid, p. 213

5. بحار الأنوار : 77 / 82

6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 77, p. 82

7. غرر الحكم : 4660

8. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4660

9. غرر الحكم : 5073

10. Ibid. no. 5073

244 - الصَّوم‏

244. FASTING

1158 - فَضْلُ الصِّيامِ‏

1158. The Virtue of Fasting

( يا أيُّها الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُتِبَ عَلَيكُمُ الصِّيامُ كَما كُتِبَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ).1

“O you who have faith! Prescribed for you is fasting as it was prescribed for those who were before you, so that you may be Godwary.” 2

3709. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : علَيكُم بِالصَّومِ؛ فإنّهُ مَحسَمَةٌ للعُرُوقِ ومَذهَبَةٌ للأشَرِ3

3709. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Fasting is incumbent upon you, for verily it severs the roots [of desires] and removes wildness.’4

3710. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : لِكُلِّ شَي‏ءٍ زكاةٌ وزكاةُ الأبدانِ الصِّيامُ5

3710. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Everything has a zakat, and the zakat of the bodies is to fast.’6

3711. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : صُومُوا تَصِحُّوا7

3711. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Fast and you will be healthy.’8

3712. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : الصائمُ في عِبادَةِ اللَّهِ وإن كانَ نائماً على‏ فِراشِهِ، ما لَم يَغتَبْ مُسلِماً9

3712. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘The fasting person is in constant worship of Allah, even when he is sleeping in his bed, as long as he does not backbite a fellow Muslim.’10

3713. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : ما مِن صائمٍ يَحضُرُ قَوماً يَطعَمُونَ إلّا سَبَّحَت أعضاؤهُ، وكانَت صَلاةُ الملائكةِ علَيهِ، وكانَت صَلاتُهُم استِغفاراً11

3713. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘No sooner does a fasting person come upon a group of people eating than his limbs glorify Allah on his behalf, the angels invoke blessings on him, and this invocation of theirs is counted as seeking forgiveness on his behalf.’12

3714. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : الصَّومُ جُنَّةٌ مِن النارِ13

3714. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Fasting acts as a shield from the Fire.’14

3715. فاطمةُ الزَّهراءُ عليها السلام : فَرَضَ اللَّهُ الصِّيامَ تَثبِيتاً لِلإخلاصِ15

3715. Fatima al-Zahra’ (AS) said, ‘Allah made fasting obligatory in order to reinforce sincere devotion [to Him].’16

3716. الإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام : الصِّيامُ والحَجُّ تَسكِينُ القُلوبِ17

3716. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ‘The fast and the obligatory pilgrimage (hajj) pacify the heart.’18

3717. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : إنَّ اللَّهَ تبارَكَ وتعالى‏ يقولُ : الصَّومُ لِي وأنا أجزِي علَيهِ19

3717. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Verily Allah, Blessed and most High, says, ‘The fast is solely for Me and I reward for it.’20

3718. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : نَومُ الصائمِ عِبادَةٌ، وصَمتُهُ تَسبيحٌ، وعَمَلُهُ مُتَقَبَّلٌ، ودُعاؤهُ مُستَجابٌ21

3718. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘A fasting person’s sleep is worship, his silence is glorification of Allah, his good deeds are accepted, and his supplication is answered.’22

3719. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : لِلصائمِ فَرحَتانِ : فَرحَةٌ عندَ إفطارِهِ، وفَرحَةٌ عندَ لِقاءِ رَبِّهِ23

3719. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘A fasting person has two sources of joy: his joy when he opens his fast and his joy at meeting his Lord.’24

3720. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : مَن فَطَّرَ صائماً فلَهُ مِثلُ أجرِهِ25

3720. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Whoever offers a fasting person something with which to open his fast obtains the same reward as him.’26

3721. الإمامُ العسكريُّ عليه السلام - لمّا سُئلَ عن عِلَّةِ وُجوبِ الصَّومِ - : لِيَجِدَ الغَنِيُّ مَسَّ الجُوعِ؛ فَيَمُنَّ على الفَقيرِ27

3721. Imam al-Askari (AS) was once asked the reasoning behind the obligation of fasting, to which he replied, ‘That the rich may experience the pain of hunger and bestow his generosity thereby upon the poor.’28

Notes

1. البقرة : 183

2. Qur’an 2 :183

3. كنز العمّال : 23610

4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 23610

5. فضائل الأشهر الثلاثة : 75 / 57

6. Fada’il al-Ashhur al-Thalatha, p. 75, no. 57

7. الدعوات : 76 / 179

8. al-Daawat, p. 76, no. 179

9. ثواب الأعمال : 75 / 1

10. Thawab al-Amal, p. 75, no. 1

11. ثواب الأعمال : 77 / 1

12. Ibid. p. 77, no. 1

13. الكافي : 4 / 62 / 1

14. al-Kafi, v. 4, p. 62, no. 1

15. بحار الأنوار : 96 / 368 / 47

16. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 96, p. 368, no. 4

17. الأمالي للطوسي : 296 / 582

18. Amali al-Tusi, p. 296, no. 582

19. الكافي : 4 / 63 / 6

20. al-Kafi, v. 4, p. 63, no. 6

21. كتاب من لا يحضره الفقيه : 2 / 76 / 1783

22. al-Faqih, v. 2, p. 76, no. 1783

23. الكافي : 4 / 65 / 15

24. al-Kafi, v. 4, p. 65, no. 15

25. الكافي : 4 / 68 / 1، اُنظر تمام الباب

26. Ibid. p. 68, no. 1

27. بحار الأنوار : 96 / 369 / 50

28. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 96, p. 369, no. 50

1159 - الحَثُّ عَلَى الصِّيامِ تَطَوُّعاً

1159. ENJOINMENT OF FASTING OUT OF ONE’S OWN ACCORD

3722. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَن صامَ يَوماً تَطَوُّعاً فلو اُعطِيَ مِل‏ءَ الأرضِ ذَهَباً ماوَفّى‏ أجرَهُ دُونَ يَومِ الحِسابِ1

3722. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘He who fasts a single day of his own accord is rewarded to such an extent that even if he was to be given the whole world’s worth of gold for it, the reward he deserves would not be fulfilled until the Day of Resurrection.’2

3723. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَن صامَ يَوماً تَطَوُّعاً ابتِغاءَ ثَوابِ اللَّهِ وَجَبَت لَهُ المَغفِرَةُ3

3723. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘He who fasts a single day of his own accord, wishing to procure the reward of Allah, [Allah makes] his forgiveness mandatory.’4

3724. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَن صامَ ثلاثةَ أيّامٍ مِن كُلِّ شَهرٍ كانَ كَمَن صامَ الدَّهرَ كلّه؛ لأنَّ اللَّهَ‏عَزَّوجلَّ يقولُ : (مَنْ جاءَ بالحَسَنَةِ فلَهُ عَشْرُ أمْثالِها)5 6

3724. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Whoever [voluntarily] fasts three days every month is considered as having fasted his whole life, for verily Allah, Mighty and Exalted, says,“Whoever brings virtue shall receive ten times its like.” 78

3725. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : إنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَصُومُ يَوماً تَطَوُّعاً يُرِيدُ بهِ ما عِندَ اللَّهِ عَزَّوجلَّ فَيُدخِلُهُ اللَّهُ بهِ الجَنَّةَ9

3725. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Verily when a man fasts a single day of his own accord, desiring thereby what is with Allah, Mighty and Exalted, Allah gives him entrance into Paradise because of it.’10

Notes

1. معاني الأخبار : 409 / 91

2. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 409, no. 91

3. الأمالي للصدوق : 645 / 874

4. Amali al-Saduq, p. 443, no. 2

5. الأنعام : 160

6. دعائم الإسلام : 1 / 283

7. Qur’an 6 :160

8. Daa’im al-Islam, v. 1, p. 283

9. الكافي : 4 / 63 / 5

10. al-Kafi, v. 4, p. 63, no. 5

1160 - أدَبُ الصَّومِ‏

1160. THE ETIQUETTE OF FASTING

3726. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : يقولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّوجلَّ مَن لَم تَصُمْ جَوارِحُهُ عن مَحارِمِي فلا حاجَةَ لي في أن يَدَعَ طَعامَهُ وشَرابَهُ مِن أجلِي1

3726. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Allah, Mighty and Exalted, says, ‘He whose limbs do not fast by refraining from what I have prohibited, then there is no need for him to refrain from food and drink for My sake.’2

3727. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الصِّيامُ اجتِنابُ المَحارِمِ كما يَمتَنِعُ الرجُلُ مِن الطَّعامِ والشَّرابِ3

3727. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Fasting is just as much keeping away from prohibited things as it is keeping away from food and drink.’4

3728. فاطمةُ الزَّهراءُ عليها السلام : ما يَصنَعُ الصائمُ بِصِيامِهِ إذا لَم يَصُنْ لِسانَهُ وسَمعَهُ وبَصَرَهُ وجوارِحَهُ ؟!5

3728. Fatima al-Zahra’ (AS) said, ‘What is the fasting person doing with his fast if he is not guarding his tongue, his hearing, his sight and his limbs [from sins]?!6

3729. الكافي عن محمّد بن مسلم : قالَ أبو عبدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام : إذا صُمتَ فَلْيَصُمْ سَمعُكَ وبَصَرُكَ وشَعرُكَ وجِلدُكَ وعَدَّدَ أشياءَ غَيرَ هذا، وقالَ : لا يكونُ يومُ صَومِكَ كَيَومِ فِطرِكَ7

3729. Muhammad b. Muslim narrated, ‘Abu Abdillah (AS) [i.e. Imam al-Sadiq] said, ‘When you fast, your hearing must fast, along with your sight, your hair, your skin…’ and he listed a number of other things, and said, ‘The day that you fast must not be like a day that you do not fast.’8

Notes

1. الفردوس : 5 / 242 / 8075

2. al-Firdaws, v. 5, p. 242, no. 8075

3. بحار الأنوار : 96 / 294 / 21

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 96, p. 294, no. 21

5. دعائم الإسلام : 1 / 268

6. Daa’im al-Islam, v. 1, p. 268

7. الكافي : 4 / 87 / 1

8. al-Kafi, v. 4, p. 87, no. 1

1161 - فَضلُ الصَّومِ فِي الحَرِّ والشِّتاءِ

1161. THE VIRTUE OF FASTING IN HOT AND COLD WEATHER

3730. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : الصَّومُ في الشِّتاءِ الغَنيمَةُ البارِدَةُ1

3730. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Fasting in cold weather is an easy thing to do.’2

3731. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : أفضَلُ الجِهادِ الصَّومُ في الحَرِّ3

3731. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘The best jihad is fasting in hot weather.’4

3732. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : الشِّتاءُ رَبِيعُ المُؤمِنِ، يَطُولُ فيهِ لَيلُهُ فَيَستَعِينُ بهِ على‏ قِيامِهِ، ويَقصُرُ فيهِ نَهارُهُ فَيَستَعِينُ بهِ على‏ صِيامِهِ5

3732. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Winter is the springtime of a believer – its nights are long, so he can make use of them to stand in prayer, whereas its days are short and he can make use of them to fast.’6

Notes

1. كتاب من لا يحضره الفقيه : 4 / 356 / 5762

2. al-Faqih, v. 4, p. 356, no. 5762

3. بحار الأنوار : 96 / 256 / 38

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 96, p. 256, no. 38

5. معاني الأخبار : 228 / 1

6. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 228, no. 1

245 - الضِّحك‏

245. LAUGHTER

1162 - مَدحُ التَّبسُّمِ‏

1162. THE PRAISING OF SMILING

3733. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : كانَ ضِحكُ النبيِّ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله التبسُّمَ1

3733. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The Prophet (SAWA)’s laughter was a smile.’2

3734. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : ضِحكُ المؤمِنِ تَبَسُّمٌ3

3734. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘The laughter of a believer is a smile.’4

3735. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : مَن تَبَسَّم في وَجهِ أخيهِ كانَت لَهُ حَسَنةٌ5

3735. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘He who smiles at his brother gets the reward of a good deed.’6

Notes

1. الأمالي للطوسي : 522 / 1156

2. Amali al-Tusi, p. 522, no. 1156

3. الكافي : 2 / 664 / 5

4. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 664, no. 5

5. الكافي : 2 / 206 / 1

6. Ibid. p. 206, no. 1

1163 - ذَمُّ كَثرَةِ الضِّحكِ وَالقَهقَهَةِ

1163. THE REPROACHING OF LAUGHING TOO MUCH AND TOO LOUD

3736. إرشاد القلوب : في حديث المِعراجِ : عَجِبتُ مِن عَبدٍ لايَدري أنّي راضٍ عَنهُ أو ساخِطٌ علَيهِ وهُو يَضحَك!1

3736. Irshad al-Qulub, In the tradition of the Prophet (SAWA)’s ascension, Allah said, ‘How I wonder at the servant who laughs while he does not know whether I am pleased or displeased with him!’2

3737. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : إيّاكَ وكَثرَةَ الضِّحكِ؛ فإنّهُ يُمِيتُ القَلبَ3

3737. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Beware of laughing too much for verily it kills the heart.’4

3738. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : لو تَعلَمُونَ ما أعلَمُ لَضَحِكتُم قليلاً وَلَبَكَيتُم كثيراً5

3738. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘If you knew what I know, you would laugh but a little and you would cry much.’6

3739. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : مَن كَثُرَ ضِحكُه ذَهَبَت هَيبَتُهُ7

3739. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The earnestness of one who laughs too much deteriorates.’8

3740. الإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام : إذا قَهْقَهتَ فقُلْ حينَ تَفرُغُ : اللّهُمّ لا تَمقُتْني9

3740. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ‘When you laugh boisterously, say, ‘O Allah do not despise me’ when you have finished.’10

3741. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام: القَهقَهَةُ مِن الشَّيطانِ11

3741. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Loud boisterous laughter is from Satan.’12

3742. الإمامُ العسكريُّ عليه السلام: مِنَ الجَهلِ الضَّحكُ مِن غَيرِ عَجَبٍ13

3742. Imam al-Askari (AS) said, ‘Laughing without cause stems from ignorance.’14

Notes

1. إرشاد القلوب : 200

2. Irshad al-Qulub, p. 200

3. معاني الأخبار : 335 / 1

4. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 335, no. 1

5. الأمالي للصدوق : 289 / 322 ، نور الثقلين : 2 / 249 / 261

6. Amali al-Saduq, p. 289, no.0322, and Nur al-Thaqalayn, v. 2, p. 249, no. 261

7. تحف العقول : 96

8. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 96

9. الكافي : 2 / 664 / 13

10. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 664, no. 13

11. الكافي : 2 / 664 / 10

12. Ibid. no. 10

13. بحار الأنوار : 76 / 59 / 10

14. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 76, p. 59, no. 10

1021 - أدنَى الشِّركِ‏

1021. The Minimum Degree of Polytheism

3242. الإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام - لَمّا سُئلَ عن أدنَى الشِّركِ - : مَن قالَ لِلنَّواةِ : إنَّها حَصاةٌ ، ولِلحَصاةِ : إنّها نَواةٌ ، ثُمّ دانَ بهِ1

3242. Imam al-Baqir (AS) was once asked what the absolute minimum of polytheism was, to which he replied, 'It is to call fruit kernels stones and vice versa, and to believe them as such.'2

3243. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام - لمّا سُئل عَن أدنَى الشرك - : مَنِ ابتَدَعَ رَأياً فَأحَبَّ علَيهِ أو أبغَضَ علَيهِ3

3243. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) was once asked what the absolute minimum of polytheism was, to which he replied, 'It is to contrive a ruling and because of it take side with people or against them.'4

(اُنظر) الإيمان : باب 186 ؛ الكفر : باب 1605

(See also: FAITH: section 186; DISBELIEF: section 1605)

Notes

1. الكافي : 2 / 397 / 1

2. Ibid. p. 397, no. 1

3. الكافي : 2 / 397 / 2

4. Ibid. no. 2

1022 - الشِّركُ الخَفِيُ‏

1022. Hidden Polytheism

( وَما يُؤْمِنُ أَكْثَرُهُمْ بِاللَّهِ إِلّا وَهُمْ مُشْرِكُونَ).1

“And most of them do not believe in Allah without ascribing partners to Him.” 2

3244. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : إيّاكَ وما يُعتَذَرُ مِنهُ ، فإنَّ فيهِ الشِّركَ الخَفِيَّ3

3244. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Beware of committing anything that warrants justification, for verily that is where hidden polytheism is.'4

3245. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام - في قولِهِ تعالى‏ : (وَما يُؤْمِنُ أَكْثَرُهُمْ...) - : هُو الرَّجُلُ يقولُ : لَولا فُلانٌ لَهَلَكتُ ، ولَولا فُلانٌ لَأصَبتُ كذا وكذا ، ولَولا فُلانٌ لَضاعَ عِيالي ، ألا تَرى‏ أ نّهُ قد جَعَلَ للَّهِ‏ِ شَريكاً في مُلكِهِ يَرزُقُهُ ويَدفَعُ عَنهُ ؟!قالَ [ الراوي ] : قلتُ : فيقولُ : لَولا أنَّ اللَّهَ مَنَّ عَليَّ بِفلانٍ لَهَلَكتُ ؟ قال : نَعَم ، لا بَأسَ بهذا5

3245. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said when interpreting the Qur'anic verse:“And most of them do not believe in Allah without ascribing partners to Him” , 'This is in reference to man's statement:“Were it not for 'x' I would surely have perished” , or“Were it not for 'x' I would indeed have been afflicted” or“Were it not for 'x' my family would be at a loss.” Do you not see that he has associated a partner to Allah in His Kingdom giving him sustenance and repelling misfortune from him?' He was subsequently asked, 'What if one were to say,“Were it not for Allah granting me x's help, I would have perished...?” Imam replied, 'There is nothing wrong with saying things like this.'6

3246. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام - أيضاً - : شِركُ طاعَةٍ ولَيسَ شِركَ عِبادَةٍ7

3246. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said when interpreting the Qur'anic verse:“And most of them do not believe in Allah without ascribing partners to Him” , 'This refers to ascribing partners in Allah's obedience, not [just] in His worship.'8

3247. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : إنَّ الشِّركَ أخفى‏ مِن دَبِيبِ النَّملِ وقالَ : مِنهُ تَحويلُ الخاتَمِ لِيَذكُرَ الحاجَةَ وشِبهُ هذا9

3247. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Polytheism is more discreet than the crawling of an ant, and includes things like turning one's ring to remind onself [if he believes in it independently from the will of Allah], and other such [superstitions].'10

3248. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام - في قولِهِ تعالى‏ : (وما يُؤْمِنُ أَكْثَرُهُمْ بِاللَّهِ إِلّا وَهُمْ مُشْرِكُونَ) - : كانُوا يَقولونَ : نُمطَرُ بِنَوءِ كذا ، وبِنَوءِ كذا ، ومِنها أ نّهُم كانوا يَأتُونَ الكُهّانَ فَيُصَدِّقُونَهُم بما يَقولونَ11

3248. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said when interpreting the Qur'anic verse:“And most of them do not believe in Allah without ascribing partners to Him” , 'This refers to when people used to say, 'We are being rained on from the storm of x, or the storm of y [referring to various false gods]. And they used to consult soothsayers and believe whatever they told them.'12

(اُنظر) الرياء : باب 787

(See also: SHOWING OFF: section 787)

Notes

1. يوسف : 106

2. Qur'an 12 :106

3. بحار الأنوار : 78 / 200 / 28

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 200, no. 28

5. تفسير العيّاشيّ : 2 / 200 / 96

6. Tafsir al-Ayyashi, v. 2, p. 200, no. 96

7. الكافي : 2 / 397 / 4

8. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 397, no. 4

9. معاني الأخبار : 379 / 1

10. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 379, no. 1

11. بحار الأنوار : 58 / 317 / 8

12. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 58, p. 317, no. 8

216 - الشَّيطان‏

216. SATAN

1023 - الاعتِبارُ بِما فَعَلَ اللَّهُ بِإبليسَ‏

1023. THE LESSON TO BE LEARNED FROM HOW ALLAH DEALT WITH SATAN

3249. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : فاعتَبِرُوا بما كانَ مِن فِعلِ اللَّهِ بِإبليسَ ؛ إذ أحبَطَ عَمَلَهُ الطَّويلَ وجَهدَهُ الجَهِيدَ (الجميلَ) وكانَ قد عَبَدَ اللَّهَ سِتَّةَ آلافِ سَنَةٍ ، لايُدرى‏ أمِن سِني الدُّنيا أم مِن سِني الآخِرَةِ عن كِبْرِ ساعَةٍ واحِدَةٍ1

3249. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'So take a lesson from how Allah dealt with Iblis [Satan], when He thwarted his great works and his extensive efforts, and he had been worshipping Allah for six thousand years, each hour of which was so long that it is not known whether they were years by the reckoning of this world or the next.'2

Notes

1. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 192

2. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 192

1024 - الاستِعاذَةُ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الشَّيطانِ‏

1024. SEEKING REFUGE IN ALLAH FROM SATAN

( وَقُلْ رَبِّ أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ هَمَزاتِ الشَّياطِينِ * وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ رَبِّ أَن يَحْضُرُونِ).1

“And say, 'My Lord! I seek Your protection from the promptings of the devils; and I seek Your protection, my Lord, from their presence near me.'2

( فَإِذَا قَرَأْتَ القُرْآنَ فَاسْتَعِذْ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطانِ الرَّجِيمِ).3

“When you recite the Qur'an, seek the protection of Allah against the outcast Satan.” 4

3250. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : أحمَدُ اللَّهَ وأستَعِينُهُ على‏ مَداحِرِ الشَّيطانِ ومَزاجِرِهِ (مَزاحِرِهِ) ، والاعتِصامِ مِن حَبائلِهِ ومَخاتِلِهِ5

3250. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'I praise Allah and seek His aid against the acts that led to Satan's banishment and his eviction, and [I seek] His protection from his snares and his deceitful ways.'6

Notes

1. المؤمنون : 97 ، 98

2. Qur'an 23 :97,98

3. النحل : 98

4. Qur'an 16 :98

5. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 151

6. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 151

1025 - عَداوَةُ الشَّيطانِ لِلإنسانِ‏

1025. Satan's Enmity Towards Man

( إِنَّ الشَّيْطانَ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ فَاتَّخِذُوهُ عَدُوّاً إِنَّما يَدْعُو حِزْبَهُ لِيَكُونُوا مِنْ أَصْحابِ السَّعِيرِ).1

“Satan is indeed your enemy, so treat him as an enemy. He only invites his confederates so that they may be among the inmates of the Blaze.” 2

3251. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : اِحذَرُوا عَدوّاً نَفَذَ في الصُّدورِ خَفِيّاً ، ونَفَثَ في الآذانِ نَجِيّاً3

3251. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Be on your guard against the enemy who covertly penetrates into your hearts and secretly whispers into your ears.'4

3252. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : لقد نَصَبَ إبليسُ حَبائلَهُ في دارِ الغُرورِ ، فما يَقصِدُ فيها إلّا أولِياءَنا5

3252. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Iblis [Satan] lays out his traps in the Abode of Delusion, intending to ensnare none but our friends [i.e. lovers of the Ahl al-bayt].'6

3253. الإمامُ الكاظمُ عليه السلام - لمّا سُئلَ عن أوجَبِ الأعداءِ مُجاهَدةً - : أقرَبُهم إلَيكَ وأعداهُم لَكَ... ومَن يُحَرِّضُ أعداءَكَ علَيكَ ، وهُو إبليسُ7

3253. Imam al-Kazim (AS) was once asked who one's archenemy is that one must fight, to which he replied, 'It is he who is closest to you and yet harbours the most enmity towards you and he who provokes all your enemies against you, and he is Iblis [Satan].'8

Notes

1. فاطر : 6

2. Qur'an 35 :6

3. غرر الحكم : 2623

4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 2633

5. تحف العقول : 301

6. Tuhaf al-Uqul, no. 301

7. تحف العقول : 399

8. Ibid. no. 399

1026 - التَّحذيرُ مِن فِتَنِ الشَّيطانِ‏

1026. CAUTION AGAINST SATAN'S TEMPTATIONS

( يا بَنِي آدَمَ لا يَفْتِنَنَّكُمُ الشَّيْطانُ كَما أَخْرَجَ أَبَوَيْكُمْ مِنَ الجَنَّةِ يَنْزِعُ عَنْهُما لِباسَهُما لِيُرِيَهُما سَوْآتِهِما إِنَّهُ يَراكُمْ هُوَ وَقَبِيلُهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا تَرَوْنَهُمْ إِنَّا جَعَلْنا الشَّياطِينَ أَوْلِياءَ لِلَّذِينَ لا يُؤْمِنُونَ).1

“O Children of Adam! Do not let Satan tempt you, like he expelled your parents from paradise, stripping them of their garments to expose to them their nakedness. Indeed he sees you - he and his hosts - whence you do not see them. We have indeed made the devils friends of those who have no faith.” 2

3254. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الفِتَنُ ثلاثٌ : حُبُّ النِّساءِ وهُو سَيفُ الشَّيطانِ ، وشُربُ الخَمرِ وهُو فَخُّ الشَّيطانِ ، وحُبُّ الدِّينارِ والدِّرهَمِ وهُو سَهمُ الشَّيطانِ3

3254. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There are three types of temptation: the love of women, which Satan uses as his sword; drinking wine, which Satan uses as his snare; and love of the dinar and the dirham [symbols of wealth], which Satan uses as his arrow.'4

(اُنظر) عنوان 312 «الفتنة»

(See also: TRIAL AND TEMPTATION 312)

Notes

1. الأعراف : 27

2. Qur'an 7 :27

3. الخصال : 113 / 91

4. al-Khisal, p. 113, no. 91

1027 - عَبَدَةُ الشَّيطانِ‏

1027. Satan Worshippers

( أَلَمْ أَعْهَدْ إِلَيْكُمْ يا بَني آدَمَ أَنْ لا تَعْبُدُوا الشَّيْطانَ إِنَّهُ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ مُبِينٌ).1

“Did I not exhort you, O children of Adam, saying, “Do not worship Satan. He is indeed your manifest enemy.” 2

3255. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - في ذَمِّ أتباعِ الشَّيطانِ - : اِتَّخَذُوا الشَّيطانَ لِأمرِهِم مِلاكاً ، واتَّخَذَهُم لَهُ أشراكاً ، فَباضَ وفَرَّخَ في صُدُورِهِم ، وَدَبَّ ودَرَجَ في حُجُورِهم ، فَنَظَرَ بِأعيُنِهِم ، ونَطَقَ بِألسِنَتِهِم ، فَرَكِبَ بِهِمُ الزَّلَلَ ، وزَيَّنَ لَهُمُ الخَطَلَ ، فِعلَ مَن قد شَرِكَهُ الشَّيطانُ في سُلطانِهِ ، ونَطَقَ بالباطِلِ عَلى‏ لِسانِهِ !3

3255. Imam Ali (AS) said, condemning those who follow Satan, 'They have taken Satan as the controller for their affairs, and he has in turn adopted them as his partners [ used them as his traps]. He has laid eggs and hatched them in their bosoms, and crawled into their laps, until he saw through their eyes and spoke with their tongues. Thus does he lead them to commit errors and glamorizes their own foolish deeds to them, like the act of one whom Satan has made partner in his domain, speaking lies through his tongue.'4

Notes

1. يس : 60

2. Qur'an 36 :60

3. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 7

4. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 7

1028 - غَواياتُ الشَّيطانِ‏

1028. Satan's Allurements

( الشَّيْطانُ يَعِدُكُمُ الفَقْرَ وَيَأْمُرُكُمْ بِالفَحْشاءِ وَاللَّهُ يَعِدُكُمْ مَغْفِرَةً مِنْهُ وَفَضْلاً وَاللَّهُ واسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ).1

“Satan threatens you with poverty and prompts you to [commit] indecent acts. But Allah promises you His forgiveness and grace, and Allah is all-bounteous, all-knowing.” 2

( يَعِدُهُمْ وَيُمَنِّيهِمْ وَما يَعِدُهُمُ الشَّيْطانُ إِلَّا غُرُوراً).3

“He makes them promises and gives them false hopes, yet Satan does not promise them anything but delusion.” 4

( فَلَولَا إِذْ جاءَهُمْ بَأْسُنا تَضَرَّعُوا وَلكِنْ قَسَتْ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَزَيَّنَ لَهُمُ الشَّيْطانُ ما كانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ).5

“Why did they not entreat when Our might overtook them! But their hearts had hardened and Satan had made to seem decorous to them what they had been doing.” 6

3256. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - لكميل بن زياد - : يا كُمَيلُ ، إنَّ إبليسَ لا يَعِدُ عن نفسِهِ ، وإنّما يَعِدُ عن رَبِّهِ لِيَحمِلَهُم على‏ مَعصِيَتِهِ فَيُوَرِّطَهُم7

3256. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'O Kumayl! Verily Iblis [Satan] does not promise them in his own name, rather he promises them in Allah's name in order to cause them to disobey Him, and thus does he entangle them in difficulties.'8

3257. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الشَّيطانُ مُوَكَّلٌ به [أي بالعَبدِ ]يُزَيِّنُ لَهُ المَعصيَةَ لِيَركَبَها ، ويُمَنِّيهِ التَّوبَةَ لِيُسَوِّفَها9

3257. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Satan takes charge of him [the servant] and glamorizes the sin to him in order that he commit it, and makes him indulge false hopes of forgiveness in order that he delay it.'10

3258. الإمامُ زينُ العابدينَ عليه السلام - في دعائهِ - : فلَولا أنَّ الشَّيطانَ يَختَدِعُهُم عَن طاعَتِكَ ما عَصاكَ عاصٍ ، ولَولا أ نّهُ صَوَّرَ لَهُمُ الباطِلَ في مِثالِ الحَقِّ ما ضَلَّ عَن طَرِيقِكَ ضالٌّ11

3258. Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS) said in one of his supplications, 'Were it not for the fact that Satan misleads them from Your obedience, no disobeyer would have ever disobeyed You, and were it not for the fact that he portrays falsehood to them in the likeness of truth, no strayer would have ever strayed from Your path.'12

3259. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : يقولُ إبليسُ لِجُنُودِهِ : ألقُوا بَينَهُمُ الحَسَدَ والبَغيَ ؛ فإنّهُما يَعدِلانِ عِندَ اللَّهِ الشِّركَ13

3259. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Iblis [Satan] addresses his troops saying, 'Sow jealousy and dissention between them, for verily these are tantamount to polytheism in the sight of Allah.'14

Notes

1. البقرة : 268

2. Qur'an 2 :268

3. النساء : 120

4. Qur'an 4 :120

5. الأنعام : 43

6. Qur'an 6 :43

7. بشارة المصطفى‏ : 27

8. Basharat al-Mustafa, p. 27

9. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 64

10. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 64

11. الصحيفة السجّاديّة : الدعاء 37

12. al-Sahifat al-Sajjadiyya, supplication 37, line 144

13. الكافي : 2 / 327 / 2

14. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 327, no. 2

1029 - ما يَعصِمُ مِنَ الشَّيطانِ‏

1029. That Which Renders One IMMUNE FROM SATAN

( إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لَهُ سُلْطانٌ عَلَى‏ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَلَى‏ رَبِّهِمْ يَتَوَكَّلُونَ).1

“Indeed he does not have any authority over those who have faith and put their trust in their Lord.” 2

( إِنَّ عِبادِي لَيْسَ لَكَ عَلَيْهِمْ سُلْطانٌ إِلّا مَنِ اتَّبَعَكَ مِنَ الغاوِينَ).3

“Indeed as for My servants, you do not have any authority over them except the perverse who follow you.” 4

3260. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : أكثِرِ الدُّعاءَ تَسلَمْ مِن سَورَةِ الشَّيطانِ5

3260. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Increase in your supplication and you will be secure from Satan's force.'6

3261. الإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام : تَحَرَّزْ مِن إبليسَ بالخَوفِ الصادِقِ7

3261. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Guard yourself against Iblis [Satan] with true dread.'8

3262. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : قالَ إبليسُ : خَمسَةٌ ليسَ لي فيهِنَّ حِيلَةٌ وسائرُ الناسِ في قَبضَتي : مَنِ اعتَصَمَ بِاللَّهِ عن نيّةٍ صادِقَةٍ واتَّكَلَ علَيهِ في جَميعِ اُمُورِهِ ، ومَن كَثُرَ تَسبيحُهُ في لَيلِهِ ونَهارِهِ ، ومَن رَضِيَ لأخِيهِ المؤمِنِ بما يَرضاهُ لنفسِهِ ، ومَن لَم يَجزَعْ على المُصيبةِ حينَ تُصِيبُهُ ، ومَن رَضِيَ بما قَسَمَ اللَّهُ لَهُ ولَم يَهتَمَّ لِرِزقِهِ9

3262. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Iblis [Satan] said, 'There are five types of people against whom I have no stratagem, whilst I have the rest of people firmly in my grasp: he who clings fast to Allah with a true intention and relies solely on Him in all his affairs, he who is in constant and abundant glorification of Allah day and night, he who pleases for his brother in faith whatever he pleases for himself, he who does not feel anxious about an affliction when it befalls him, and he who is satisfied with whatever Allah has allotted to him and does not worry about his sustenance.'10

Notes

1. النحل : 99

2. Qur'an 16 :99

3. الحِجر : 42

4. Qur'an 15 :42

5. بحار الأنوار : 78 / 9 / 64

6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 9, no. 64

7. بحار الأنوار : 78 / 164 / 1

8. Ibid. p. 164, no. 1

9. الخصال : 285 / 37

10. al-Khisal, p. 285, no. 37

1030 - ما يُسَلِّطُ الشَّيطانَ‏

1030. THAT WHICH BRINGS ONE UNDER SATAN'S AUTHORITY

( وَمَن يَعْشُ عَنْ ذِكْرِ الرَّحْمنِ نُقَيِّضْ لَهُ شَيْطاناً فَهُوَ لَهُ قَرِينٌ).1

“Whoever turns a blind eye to the remembrance of the All-beneficent, We assign him a devil who remains his companion.” 2

(اُنظر) آل عمران : 155 والأعراف : 27 و مريم: 83

(See also: Qur'an 3:155, 7:27, 19:83)

3263. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : بَينَما موسى‏ عليه السلام جالِساً إذ أقبَلَ إبليسُ... قالَ موسى‏ : فَأخبِرْني بِالذَّنبِ الذي إذا أذنَبَهُ ابنُ آدَمَ استَحوَذتَ علَيهِ قالَ : إذا أعجَبَتهُ نَفسُهُ ، واستَكثَرَ عَمَلَهُ ، وصَغُرَ في عَينِهِ ذَنبُهُ3

3263. The Prophet (SAWA) narrated, 'Moses (AS) was once sitting down when Iblis [Satan] approached him Moses asked him, 'So inform me about the sin which if the son of Adam were to commit would give you mastery over him.' He replied, 'When he feels proud of himself [for a particular action], and continues to perform that action, deeming his sin insignificant.'4

3264. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : مُجالَسَةُ أهلِ الهَوى‏ مَنساةٌ للإيمانِ ومَحضَرَةٌ للشَّيطانِ5

3264. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Sitting in the company of people who are driven by their base desires is the key to obliviousness of one's faith and is the very seat of Satan's presence.'6

3265. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : ليسَ لِإبليسَ جُندٌ أشَدَّ مِنَ النِّساءِ والغَضَبِ7

3265. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Satan's strongest forces are [mobilized through] women and anger.'8

Notes

1. الزخرف : 36

2. Qur'an 43 :36

3. الكافي : 2 / 314 / 8

4. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 314, no. 8

5. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 86

6. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 86

7. تحف العقول : 363

8. Tuhaf al-Uqul, no. 363

217 - الشِّعر

217. POETRY

1031 - تَفسيرُ ما وَرَدَ في ذَمِّ الشُّعَراءِ

1031. EXPLANATION OF THE VERSE OF THE QUR'AN CONDEMNING POETS

( وَالشُّعَراءُ يَتَّبِعُهُمُ الغاوُونَ * ألَمْ تَرَ أَنَّهُمْ فِي كُلِّ وادٍ يَهِيمُونَ * وَأَنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ ما لا يَفْعَلُونَ * إِلّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحاتِ وَذَكَرُوا اللَّهَ كَثيراً وَانْتَصَرُوا مِنْ بَعدِ ما ظُلِمُوا).1

“As for the poets, [only] the perverse follow them. Have you not regarded that they rove in every valley, and that they say what they do not do? Barring those who have faith and do righteous deeds and remember Allah greatly, and aid each other after they have been wronged. And the wrongdoers will soon know at what goal they will end up.” 2

3266. الإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام - في قولِهِ تعالى‏ : (والشُّعَراءُ يَتَّبِعُهُمُ الغاوُونَ) - : هل رَأيتَ شاعراً يَتَّبِعُهُ أحَدٌ ؟! إنّما هُم قَومٌ تَفَقَّهُوا لِغَيرِ الدِّينِ فَضَلُّوا وأضَلُّوا3

3266. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said with regards to Allah's verse in the Qur'an:“As for the poets...” , 'Have you ever seen a poet being followed by anyone?! They are only people who have devoted themselves to works aside from religion, and hence have strayed and led others astray.'4

Notes

1. الشعراء : 224 - 227

2. Qur'an 26 :224 -227

3. معاني‏الأخبار : 385 / 19

4. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 385, no. 19

1032 - الشِّعرُ جِهادٌ بِاللِّسانِ‏

1032. Poetry is Jihad With the Tongue

3267. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله - لَمّا سُئلَ عنِ الشِّعرِ - : إنّ المُؤمِنَ مُجاهِدٌ بِسَيفِهِ ولِسانِهِ ، والذي نَفسي بيدِهِ لَكأنّما يَنضِحُونَهم بِالنَّبلِ1

3267. The Prophet (SAWA) was once asked about the poets, to which he replied, 'Verily the believer can either fight the enemy with his sword or his tongue, and by the One who has my soul in His Hand, it is as if they [the poets] shower them with arrows [by means of their defamatory poetry].'2

3268. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله - لحَسّانَ بنِ ثابتٍ - : اُهجُ المُشركينَ؛ فإنّ جَبرئيلَ مَعَكَ3

3268. The Prophet (SAWA) told Hassan b. Thabit [who used to write poetry in praise of the Prophet and in defamation of the polytheists], 'Compose defamatory poetry against the polytheists for verily the archangel Gabriel is with you.'4

3269. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : إنّ مِنَ الشِّعرِ لَحِكَماً ، وإنّ مِنَ البَيانِ لَسِحراً5

3269. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Verily poetry can contain words of wisdom, and verily eloquent rhetoric speech can contain words of enchantment.'6

3270. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : مَن قالَ فِينا بَيتَ شِعرٍ بَنَى اللَّهُ تعالى‏ لَهُ بَيتاً في الجَنَّةِ7

3270. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Whoever recites a single verse of poetry praising us [the Ahl al-bayt], Allah, most High, builds a house for him in Paradise.'8

3271. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : ما قالَ فِينا قائلٌ بَيتاً مِن الشِّعرِ حتّى‏ يُؤَيَّدَ بِرُوحِ القُدُسِ9

3271. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'No sooner does someone recite a verse of poetry praising us than he is strengthened by the Holy Spirit.'10

Notes

1. مجمع البيان : 7 / 326

2. Majma al-Bayan, v. 7, p. 326

3. الدرّ المنثور : 6 / 336

4. al-Durr al-Manthur, v. 6, p. 336

5. الأمالي للصدوق : 718 / 987 ، سنن أبي داوود : 4 / 303 / 5011 نحوه

6. Amali al-Saduq, p. 495, no. 6, and Sunan Abi Dawud, no. 5011

7. عيون أخبار الرِّضا : 1 / 7 / 1

8. Uyun Akhbar al-Rida (AS), v. 1, p. 7, no. 1

9. عيون أخبار الرِّضا : 1 / 7 / 2

10. Ibid. no. 2

218 - الشِّعار

218. THE BATTLE CRY

1033 - الشِّعارُ فِى الحَرْبِ‏

1033. The Battle Cry

3272. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله - لَمّا أمَرَ بِالشِّعارِ قَبلَ الحَربِ - : ليَكُنْ في شِعارِكُم اسمٌ مِن أسماءِ اللَّهِ1

3272. The Prophet (SAWA) said, commanding his troops to chant a slogan before a battle, 'Make sure your slogan includes one of the Names of Allah, the most High.'2

3273. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : كانَ شِعارُ أصحابِ رسولِ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله يومَ بَدرٍ : يا مَنصورُ أمِتْ3

3273. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The battle cry of the Prophet's companions at the Battle of Badr was, 'O victorious one, put them to death!'4

3274. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - في شِعارٍ لَهُ لِيَومٍ مِن أيَّامِ واقِعَةِ الجَمَلِ - : حم لا يُنْصَرُونَ ، اللّهُمّ انصُرْنا على القَومِ الناكِثِينَ5

3274. Imam Ali (AS) - One of his battle cries on the day of the Battle of the Camel was, 'It is decreed that they will not be victorious! O Allah grant us victory over the treacherous people.'6

3275. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : شِعارُنا يَومَ بَدرٍ : يا نَصرَ اللَّهِ اقتَرِبْ اقتَرِبْ شِعارُ الحُسينِ عليه السلام : يا محمّدُ ، وشِعارُنا : يا محمّدُ7

3275. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Our battle cry on the day of the Battle of Badr was, 'Come to us O victory of Allah, come to us!' Husayn (AS)'s battle cry was, 'O Muhammad', and our battle cry is also, 'O Muhammad.'8

Notes

1. دعائم الإسلام : 1 / 370

2. Daa'im al-Islam, v. 1, p. 370

3. الجعفريّات : 84

4. al-Jafariyat, p. 84

5. شرح نهج البلاغة : 1 / 262

6. Sharh Nahj al-Balagha li Ibn Abi al-Hadid, v. 1, p. 262

7. الكافي : 5 / 47 / 1

8. al-Kafi, v. 5, p. 47, no. 1

1034 - شِعارُ المُسلِمينَ فِي القِيامَةِ

1034. THE MUSLIMS' VICTORY CRY ON THE DAY OF RESURRECTION

3276. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : شِعارُ المُسلمينَ على الصِّراطِ يَومَ القِيامَةِ : لا إلهَ إلّا اللَّهُ وعلى اللَّهِ فَلْيَتَوَكَّلِ المُتَوكِّلُونَ1

3276. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The Muslims' victory cry as they cross the Bridge (Sirat) on the Day of Resurrection will be, 'There is no god but Allah and on Allah do the trusting ones place their trust.'2

3277. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : شِعارُ المؤمنينَ على الصِّراطِ يَومَ القِيامَةِ : رَبِّ ، سَلِّمْ سَلِّمْ3

3277. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The Muslims' victory cry as they cross the Bridge (Sirat) on the Day of Resurrection will be, 'Lord! Protect us, protect us.'4

3278. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : شِعارُ المؤمنينَ يومَ القِيامَةِ في ظُلَمِ القِيامَةِ : لا إلهَ إلّا أنتَ5

3278. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The Muslims' victory cry on the Day of Resurrection, during the darkness of resurrection, will be, 'There is no god but You.'6

Notes

1. جامع الأحاديث للقمّي : 89

2. Jami al-Ahadith al-Qummi, p. 89

3. كنز العمّال : 39030

4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 39030

5. كنز العمّال : 39033

6. Ibid. no. 39033

219 - الشفاعة

219. INTERCESSION

1035 - الشَّفاعَةُ فِي الدُّنيا

1035. Intercession in the Life of THIS WORLD

3279. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : اِشفَعُوا تُؤجَرُوا1

3279. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Intercede for someone and you will be rewarded.'2

3280. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله: مَن شَفَعَ شَفاعَةً يَدفَعُ بها مَغرَماً أو يُحيِي بها مَغنَماً ، ثَبَّتَ اللَّهُ تعالى‏ قَدَمَيهِ حِينَ تَدحَضُ الأقدامُ3

3280. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever intercedes for someone settling thereby a financial liability or procuring someone's due profit, Allah will give him a firm footing on the day that feet will stumble.'4

3281. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : الشَّفاعَةُ زَكاةُ الجاهِ5

3281. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Intercession is the zakat of high rank.'6

Notes

1. كنز العمّال : 6489

2. Ibid. no. 6489

3. كنز العمّال : 6496

4. Ibid. no. 6496

5. تحف العقول : 381

6. Tuhaf al-Uqul, no. 381