Alhassanain(p) Network for Heritage and Islamic Thought

Nafasul Mahmum;

Relating to the heart rending tragedy of Karbala'

A historical account, using original sources, of the Tragedy of Karbala', from the time of the birth of Imam Husayn (as) till the time of Mukhtar's revolt.

Author(s): Shaykh 'Abbas Qummi

Translator(s): Aejaz Ali T Bhujwala (Al Husaynee)

Publisher(s): Islamic Study Circle

Note:

This book is corrected and edited by Al-Hassanain (p) Institue for Islamic Heritage and Thought

www.alhassanain.org/english

Table of Contents

Translator’s Note8

Notes16

Author’s Preface17

Notes18

Introduction: Birth of Our Master Imam Husayn (a.s.), the oppressed 20

Notes22

On some of the virtues of Imam Husayn (a.s.)23

His Valor24

His Knowledge25

His munificence and generosity 26

His eloquence, abstinence, humility, and worship 27

Notes29

Forty Traditions (Ahadith) regarding the merit of mourning over the afflictions of Imam Husayn (a.s.), the reward of invoking curse upon his murderers, and prophesies regarding his martyrdom31

Tradition n. 1 31

Tradition n. 2 32

Tradition n. 3 33

Tradition n. 4 33

Tradition n. 5 34

Tradition n. 6 35

Tradition n. 7 35

Tradition n. 8 35

Tradition n. 9 35

Tradition n. 10 35

Tradition n. 11 36

Tradition n. 12 36

Tradition n. 13 36

Tradition n. 14 37

Tradition n. 15 37

Tradition n. 16 38

Tradition n. 17 38

Tradition n. 18 38

Tradition n. 19 38

Tradition n. 20 39

Tradition n. 21 39

Tradition n. 22 39

Tradition n. 23 40

Tradition n. 24 41

Tradition n. 25 41

Tradition n. 26 41

Tradition n. 27 42

Tradition n. 28 42

Tradition n. 29 43

Tradition n. 30 43

Tradition n. 31 44

Tradition n. 32 46

Tradition n. 33 47

Tradition n. 34 47

Tradition n. 35 48

Tradition n. 36 48

Tradition n. 37 49

Tradition n. 38 49

Tradition n. 39 50

Tradition n. 40 50

Notes51

Part 1: On what befell Imam Husayn (a.s.) before Yazid bin Mu’awiyah claimed alle­giance from him, until his Martyrdom 53

Relating to the death of Mu’awiyah bin Abu Sufyan 55

Mu’awiyah’s will to his son Yazid 55

Notes56

The Governor of Madina and Imam Husayn (a.s.)58

Notes61

Discourse of Allamah Majlisi in Biharul Anwar62

Conversation of Angels with Imam Husayn (a.s.)64

The army of genie in defense of Imam Husayn (a.s.)64

Dialogue of Umm Salama (a.s.) with Imam Husayn (a.s.) during his journey65

Conversation of Jabir bin Abdullah Ansari with Imam Husayn (a.s.)66

On Imam Husayn (a.s.)’s intention on proceeding towards Makkah (from Madina) and the letters addressed to him by the people of Kufa 67

Letters of the people of Kufa to Imam Husayn (a.s.)68

Note69

Muslim bin Aqeel’s departure from Makkah in mid-Ramazan according to the discourse by Mas’oodi71

Nu’man bin Basheer issues warning to the people of Kufa72

An account of the personality of Nu’man bin Basheer73

Notes74

Imam’s letter to the noblemen of Basra 75

Ubaydullah bin Ziyad’s exit from Basra towards Kufa 79

Ubaydullah in Kufa 82

Muslim bin Aqeel (a.s.) taken to the presence of Ubaydullah bin Ziyad 95

Martyrdom of Muslim bin Aqeel bin Abi Talib (a.s.)97

Martyrdom of Hani bin Urwah Muradi97

Appendix 99

Pilgrimage to the grave of Hani bin Urwah Muradi99

It is quoted in Malhoof of Sayyid Ibn Tawoos that when the news of Martyr­dom of Abdullah bin100

Notes103

Martyrdom of Meytham bin Yahya at Tammar104

Meeting between Habib bin Mazahir and Meytham at Tammar105

The Commander of the faithful Imam Ali (a.s.) reveals his mysteries to a well106

An account of the personality of Abu Arakah 110

Martyrdom of Hujr bin Adi112

Martyrdom of ‘Amr bin Humaq 119

Martyrdom of the two infant sons of Muslim bin Aqeel bin Abi Talib (a.s.)124

Notes128

Imam Husayn (a.s.)’s intention of proceeding towards Iraq from Makkah 130

Notes134

Relating to Imam Husayn (a.s.)’s departure from Makkah towards Iraq 136

Notes145

Information to Hurr bin Yazeed ar Riyahi, his encounter with Imam Husayn (a.s.) and resisting him from going towards Kufa 147

Notes156

Imam Husayn (a.s.) on way to Kufa 157

Imam Husayn (a.s.)’s halt at the ground of Karbala, Umar bin Sa’ad’s entry, and the circumstances therein159

Ubaydullah bin Ziyad’s letter to Imam Husayn (a.s.)161

Notes165

Imam Husayn (a.s.) in Karbala’166

Shimr bin Ziljawshan’s arrival at Karbala and the events on the night of ninth Muharram170

Proposal of security to Abbas bin Ali (a.s.)171

Relating to the events of the night before Ashura’ (the tenth of Muharram)174

Notes179

Relating to the events of the day of Ashura’, the array of the two armies and Imam Husayn (a.s.)’s remonstration amidst the people of Kufa 181

Zuhair bin Qayn’s address amidst the people of Kufa184

Speech of Burayr bin Khuzayr185

Imam Husayn (a.s.)’s address to the people of Kufa187

Note190

Praise of the battle of the companions of Imam Husayn (a.s.) and their Martyrdom (May Allah be pleased with them)191

Hurr joins Imam Husayn (a.s.)192

Martyrdom of Burayr bin Khuzayr196

Martyrdom of ‘Amr bin Qartah Ansari198

Martyrdom of Muslim bin Awsaja199

Reminding for Prayers by Abu Samamah Saedi and the Martyrdom of Habib bin Mazahir203

Martyrdom of Hurr bin Yazid 205

Martyrdom of Nafe’ bin Hilal207

Martyrdom of Abdullah and Abdul Rahman Ghifari208

Martyrdom of Hanzalah bin As’ad Shabami208

Martyrdom of Shawzib and Abis209

Martyrdom of Abul Sha’sa Kindi210

Receding to the account of the condition of the companions of Imam Husayn (a.s.)220

Notes221

Combat of the members of Imam Husayn (a.s.)’s Household (Ahlul Bayt) and their Martyrdom (May Allah be pleased with them)222

Martyrdom of Abul Hasan Ali bin Husayn al Akbar (a.s.)222

Regarding Urwah bin Mas’ood, the maternal (great) grandfather of Ali Akbar (a.s.)222

Martyrdom of Abdullah bin Muslim bin Aqeel bin Abi Talib 226

Martyrdom of Aun bin Abdullah bin Ja’far bin Abi Talib 227

Martyrdom of Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Ja’far bin Abi Talib 228

Martyrdom of Abdul Rahman bin Aqeel bin Abi Talib 228

Martyrdom of Ja’far bin Aqeel bin Abi Talib 228

Martyrdom of Abdullah al Akbar bin Aqeel bin Abi Talib 229

Martyrdom of Qasim bin Hasan bin Ali bin Abi Talib 229

Martyrdom of Abdullah bin Hasan bin Ali bin Abi Talib 231

Martyrdom of Abu Bakr bin Hasan bin Ali bin Abi Talib 231

Martyrdom of the sons of the Commander of the faithful Ali (a.s.)231

Martyrdom of Abdullah bin Ali bin Abi Talib 231

Martyrdom of Ja’far bin Ali bin Abi Talib 232

Martyrdom of Usman bin Ali bin Abi Talib 232

Martyrdom of Muhammad al Asghar bin Ali bin Abi Talib 232

Martyrdom of Abu Bakr bin Ali bin Abi Talib 232

Relating to the Martyrdom of our Master Abbas bin Ali bin Abi Talib (a.s.)233

Description of the valor of Hazrat Abbas (a.s.)240

Notes242

Relating to the Martyrdom of Our Master Abu Abdullah Husayn (a.s.), and furthermore the Martyrdom of a suckling child and Abdullah bin Hasan (a.s.)247

Note261

Part 3: Relating to the incidents after the Martyrdom 262

After Martyrdom 263

Note264

Plundering of the belongings of Imam Husayn (a.s.) and the wailing of the womenfolk of Ahlul Bayt265

Note266

Looting of the heads of the martyrs, jewelry of the women folk and Camels of the Master of the oppressed by the Kufan army 267

Note268

Incidents of the evening of the tenth of Muharram (Ashura’) and dispatching the blessed heads to the accursed Ubaydullah bin Ziyad 270

Exit of Umar bin Sa’ad from Karbala to Kufa 273

Note274

Relating to the burial of our Master Imam Husayn (a.s.) and his companions275

Note277

Entry of the Household (Ahlul Bayt) of Imam Husayn (a.s.) into Kufa 279

Sayyidah Zainab bint Ali (a.s)’s sermon in Kufa279

Imam Ali bin Husayn (a.s.)’s remonstration amidst the people of Kufa and his reproach to them for their breach of trust and deception 281

Sayyidah Umm Kulthum bint Ali (a.s.)’s sermon in Kufa284

Notes286

Relating to the entry of the Household of Imam Husayn (a.s.) into the presence of Ubaydullah bin Ziyad287

Martyrdom of Abdullah bin Afeef Azdi292

Notes295

Ubaydullah bin Ziyad dispatches Abdul Malik Salami to Madinah with the news of Martyrdom of Imam Husayn (a.s.), and the sermon of Abdullah bin Zubayr in Makkah 296

Dispatching of the blessed heads of the Pure Household by Ubaydullah bin Ziyad, the accursed, from Kufa to Syria, and the events that occurred thereafter300

Note303

A short Account of the Events taken place en route to Syria 304

Note305

Entry of the Household (Ahlul Bayt) into Syria and the blessed head in Damascus307

Sayyidah Zainab (a.s.)’s sermon in the presence of Yazid, the accursed, on the first of the month of Safar317

Imam Ali bin Husayn (a.s.)’s sermon 320

Dream of Sayyidah Sakinah, daughter of Imam Husayn (a.s.)324

Dream of the infant daughter of Imam Husayn (a.s.)326

Incident pertaining to an envoy of the Roman king in the court of Yazid 328

Notes331

Dispatching of the Household (Ahlul Bayt) by Yazid from Syria to Madinah334

Entry of the Household into Madinah, and their mourning upon Imam Husayn (a.s.)334

Sermon of Imam Ali Zainul Abedeen (a.s.)337

Lamentation of Ali bin Husayn (a.s.)339

Notes342

Part 4: Relating to the events that manifested after the Martyrdom of Abi Abdullah Imam Husayn (a.s.)…343

Mourning of the Heavens and Earth and its inhabitants upon Imam Husayn (a.s.)344

An account of Zuhri on the Martyrdom of Imam Husayn (a.s.)345

Complaining of the Angels regarding the Martyrdom of Imam Husayn (a.s.) in the Audience of Allah and their lamenting upon him 352

Bemoaning of the Genies upon the Martyrdom of Imam Husayn (a.s)355

Incident of the congregation of Imam Moosa al Kazim (a.s.) on the day of Nawrooz356

Elegies of poets expressing grief upon the Martyrdom of Imam Husayn (a.s.)358

Part 5: Relating to the number of children and wives of Imam Husayn (a.s.), the merit of visiting his blessed grave, and the oppression of the Caliphs upon his grave359

The children of Imam Husayn (a.s.) and some of his wives360

As regards Sakinah, daughter of Imam Husayn (a.s.)361

Notes363

Merit of visiting the grave of Imam Husayn (a.s.)364

Notes373

Oppression of the Caliphs upon the blessed grave of Imam Husayn (a.s.)374

Note378

Conclusion: An account of the Tawwabeen (Penitents) and the rising of Mukhtar bin Abu Ubaydah Saqafi to avenge the blood of Imam Husayn (a.s.)379

An account of the Tawwabeen (Penitents)379

Entry of Mukhtar into Kufa382

The departure of the Tawwabeen and their Martyrdom 386

Movement of Mukhtar in Kufa394

The elimination of the murderers of Imam Husayn (a.s.) by Mukhtar406

Elimination of Umar bin Sa’ad and other murderers of Imam Husayn (a.s.)414

Ibraheem bin Malik Ashtar leaves for battle with Ubaydullah bin Ziyad 416

Elimination of Ubaydullah bin Ziyad 416

Notes421