Alhassanain(p) Network for Heritage and Islamic Thought

Surah al-Hashr, Chapter 59

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

In the Name of God the Compassionate, the Merciful

Verses 1 – 10

سَبَّحَ لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِۖ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ {1}

1. Everything which is in Heaven and on earth glorifies God and He is Mighty and Wise.

هُوَ الَّذِي أَخْرَجَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ مِنْ دِيَارِهِمْ لِأَوَّلِ الْحَشْرِۚ مَا ظَنَنْتُمْ أَنْ يَخْرُجُواۖ وَظَنُّوا أَنَّهُمْ مَانِعَتُهُمْ حُصُونُهُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ فَأَتَاهُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَمْ يَحْتَسِبُواۖ وَقَذَفَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمُ الرُّعْبَۚ يُخْرِبُونَ بُيُوتَهُمْ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ وَأَيْدِي الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَاعْتَبِرُوا يَا أُولِي الْأَبْصَارِ {2}

2. It is He Who drove out of Medina infidels, amongst men of revealed religion, from their villages.1 Oh you faithful, did you not think you will ever get out of Arabia and they themselves were sure of not being overthrown against Divine forces. But came the Divine disaster from whence they did not dream, thrilling their hearts, which made them, ruin their own castles with their own hands and with those of the faithful outside. Take a lesson oh you wise.

وَلَوْلَا أَنْ كَتَبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْجَلَاءَ لَعَذَّبَهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَاۖ وَلَهُمْ فِي الْآخِرَةِ عَذَابُ النَّارِ {3}

3. Had it not been a pre-destined punishment for them, they would have been slain in this world and in eternity, would be hurled in hell.

ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ شَاقُّوا اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۖ وَمَنْ يُشَاقِّ اللَّهَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ شَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ {4}

4. This is due to their facing God and His Prophet and He who does so has for him an intense punishment, of course.

مَا قَطَعْتُمْ مِنْ لِينَةٍ أَوْ تَرَكْتُمُوهَا قَائِمَةً عَلَىٰ أُصُولِهَا فَبِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَلِيُخْزِيَ الْفَاسِقِينَ {5}

5. What, from trees you were cutting and leaving the rest, was being executed under Divine commands as a punishment to the disobedient.

وَمَا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ رَسُولِهِ مِنْهُمْ فَمَا أَوْجَفْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ خَيْلٍ وَلَا رِكَابٍ وَلَٰكِنَّ اللَّهَ يُسَلِّطُ رُسُلَهُ عَلَىٰ مَنْ يَشَاءُۚ وَاللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ {6}

6. What God has given of booty without fight to His Prophet, where you have no run your horses or gone on foot, but god gave success to His Prophet over whomsoever He chooses and God is Omnipotent.

مَا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ رَسُولِهِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقُرَىٰ فَلِلَّهِ وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلِذِي الْقُرْبَىٰ وَالْيَتَامَىٰ وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ كَيْ لَا يَكُونَ دُولَةً بَيْنَ الْأَغْنِيَاءِ مِنْكُمْۚ وَمَا آتَاكُمُ الرَّسُولُ فَخُذُوهُ وَمَا نَهَاكُمْ عَنْهُ فَانْتَهُواۚ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَۖ إِنَّ اللَّهَ شَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ {7}

7. Whatever God has given to His Prophet from village owners is for God, the Prophet, his relatives, orphans, poor, and wayfarers, so the same may not circulate among the rich of you, hence take what is give by the Prophet and desist from what he forbids, and fear God. Verily God is Mighty at punishment.2

لِلْفُقَرَاءِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الَّذِينَ أُخْرِجُوا مِنْ دِيَارِهِمْ وَأَمْوَالِهِمْ يَبْتَغُونَ فَضْلًا مِنَ اللَّهِ وَرِضْوَانًا وَيَنْصُرُونَ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۚ أُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الصَّادِقُونَ {8}

8. It is for the poor of those who fled from Mecca being driven out from their towns and deprived of their property to gain Divine grace and will and to help God and His Prophet. These are the only true faithful.

وَالَّذِينَ تَبَوَّءُوا الدَّارَ وَالْإِيمَانَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ يُحِبُّونَ مَنْ هَاجَرَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَلَا يَجِدُونَ فِي صُدُورِهِمْ حَاجَةً مِمَّا أُوتُوا وَيُؤْثِرُونَ عَلَىٰ أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَلَوْ كَانَ بِهِمْ خَصَاصَةٌۚ وَمَنْ يُوقَ شُحَّ نَفْسِهِ فَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ {9}

9. And those who adopted their homes in Medina and embraced faith, before them and were pleased to receive refugees under their protection and bore no malice in their hearts for what they parted of theirs with them, and gave preference to others over self, although they were in need of it. Such of them, who denied self are to attain salvation.

وَالَّذِينَ جَاءُوا مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا اغْفِرْ لَنَا وَلِإِخْوَانِنَا الَّذِينَ سَبَقُونَا بِالْإِيمَانِ وَلَا تَجْعَلْ فِي قُلُوبِنَا غِلًّا لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا رَبَّنَا إِنَّكَ رَءُوفٌ رَحِيمٌ {10}

10. Those who succeeded them have been praying to God to forgive their sins and those of their brethren who preceded them in faith, without leaving any grudge in their hearts for the faithful. Verily You are Forgiving and Merciful.

Moral

Bani Amir and Bani Nazir, two Jewish clans lived under the Prophet’s protection in the district of Medina. In order to avenge Omar ibn Zamiri, who had killed two members of Bani Amir’s clans, preceded the Prophet, with his selected companions, demanding help from Bani Nazir. Instead, they plotted to kill the prophet, who was advised through Gabriel by God the Almighty. The Prophet deputed Mohammad Muslima to kill Kab ibn Ashraf, the rebel chief of Bani Nazir.

This being done, he demanded their evacuation from Medina, in default of which to face the battle, owing to their intrigue to kill the Prophet. They left their homes leaving their property, as crown lands to the prophets, who distributed it amongst his deserving relatives and to which the rich refugees and Ansars were not entitle. (Today, not a single Jew seems settled in Arabia).

Religious Moral

Self-denial is a virtue characteristic of the Ahl al-Bait, who used to get direct provision from Divinity as above. In vain, do they talk of happiness, when, never did they subdue an impulse, in obedience to a principle. The secret of success is to know how to deny yourself, which is an excellent guard to virtue, for it is safer and wiser to abate some of our lawful enjoyment, than to gratify our permissible desires to the utmost. It is not only a characteristic of religion, but to human life. The lowest (physical pleasures) must always be denied when you have risen to a higher spiritual sphere. Religiously, it is a holy union with God, Whose self-sufficiency and proximity should make you godly.

Verses 11 – 17

أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ نَافَقُوا يَقُولُونَ لِإِخْوَانِهِمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ لَئِنْ أُخْرِجْتُمْ لَنَخْرُجَنَّ مَعَكُمْ وَلَا نُطِيعُ فِيكُمْ أَحَدًا أَبَدًا وَإِنْ قُوتِلْتُمْ لَنَنْصُرَنَّكُمْ وَاللَّهُ يَشْهَدُ إِنَّهُمْ لَكَاذِبُونَ {11}

11. Have you not seen those hypocrites3 telling their brethren infidels, “If you come out4 we shall also come out to your assistance and shall not obey any against you and if you fight certainly shall we assist you.” God attests they are liars.

لَئِنْ أُخْرِجُوا لَا يَخْرُجُونَ مَعَهُمْ وَلَئِنْ قُوتِلُوا لَا يَنْصُرُونَهُمْ وَلَئِنْ نَصَرُوهُمْ لَيُوَلُّنَّ الْأَدْبَارَ ثُمَّ لَا يُنْصَرُونَ {12}

12. If they come out they will not assist them. If they did, they would turn back and run away and will not be helped any longer.

لَأَنْتُمْ أَشَدُّ رَهْبَةً فِي صُدُورِهِمْ مِنَ اللَّهِۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌ لَا يَفْقَهُونَ {13}

13. Verily you have been a mightier source of threat into the hearts of these hypocrites than God. This is because they do not understand.

لَا يُقَاتِلُونَكُمْ جَمِيعًا إِلَّا فِي قُرًى مُحَصَّنَةٍ أَوْ مِنْ وَرَاءِ جُدُرٍۚ بَأْسُهُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ شَدِيدٌۚ تَحْسَبُهُمْ جَمِيعًا وَقُلُوبُهُمْ شَتَّىٰۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌ لَا يَعْقِلُونَ {14}

14. They will not fight with you altogether, except when they are strongly fortified in a fort or from behind the walls. They have severe internal strife (among themselves). You think they are united but their hearts are cleft apart. This is because the sect has no sense.

كَمَثَلِ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ قَرِيبًاۖ ذَاقُوا وَبَالَ أَمْرِهِمْ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ {15}

15. Like a preceding people, they tasted the results of their infidelity and for them there is intense punishment.

كَمَثَلِ الشَّيْطَانِ إِذْ قَالَ لِلْإِنْسَانِ اكْفُرْ فَلَمَّا كَفَرَ قَالَ إِنِّي بَرِيءٌ مِنْكَ إِنِّي أَخَافُ اللَّهَ رَبَّ الْعَالَمِينَ {16}

16. Like a devil when he beguiled man to disbelief, and when he did so, he said, “I am away from your act. I am afraid of God, the Creator of the worlds.”

فَكَانَ عَاقِبَتَهُمَا أَنَّهُمَا فِي النَّارِ خَالِدَيْنِ فِيهَاۚ وَذَٰلِكَ جَزَاءُ الظَّالِمِينَ {17}

17. With a result, their fate shall be hell, in eternity, wherein shall they ever remain. This is the reward of infidelity.

Moral

Infidelity is the root of all sins, for did man heartily believe the promises to obedience (i.e. paradise) and threats otherwise (i.e. hell), they could hardly have been so unreasonable as to forfeit the one and incur the other. Faith in God hallows union between parents and children, and that between subjects and ruler. Infidelity relaxes every bond and nullifies every blessing.

Verses 18 – 24

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَلْتَنْظُرْ نَفْسٌ مَا قَدَّمَتْ لِغَدٍۖ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَبِيرٌ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ {18}

18. Oh you faithful fear God, and see what you are sending ahead for tomorrow (Day of Judgment). Fear God and God is, of course, acquainted with what you are doing.

وَلَا تَكُونُوا كَالَّذِينَ نَسُوا اللَّهَ فَأَنْسَاهُمْ أَنْفُسَهُمْۚ أُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْفَاسِقُونَ {19}

19. Do not be like one who forgot God5 else He will forget you.6 They are disobedient.

لَا يَسْتَوِي أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ وَأَصْحَابُ الْجَنَّةِۚ أَصْحَابُ الْجَنَّةِ هُمُ الْفَائِزُونَ {20}

20. Men of hell are not alike those of paradise. Men of Paradise shall be successful.

لَوْ أَنْزَلْنَا هَٰذَا الْقُرْآنَ عَلَىٰ جَبَلٍ لَرَأَيْتَهُ خَاشِعًا مُتَصَدِّعًا مِنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِۚ وَتِلْكَ الْأَمْثَالُ نَضْرِبُهَا لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ {21}

21. Had We revealed the Text on mountains, on seeing it, they would have shuddered and you would have seen them, bursting out of Divine Awe.

هُوَ اللَّهُ الَّذِي لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَۖ عَالِمُ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِۖ هُوَ الرَّحْمَٰنُ الرَّحِيمُ {22}

22. It is He, God besides Whom, there is none another, Knower of the hidden and open, the Compassionate, the Merciful.

هُوَ اللَّهُ الَّذِي لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ الْمَلِكُ الْقُدُّوسُ السَّلَامُ الْمُؤْمِنُ الْمُهَيْمِنُ الْعَزِيزُ الْجَبَّارُ الْمُتَكَبِّرُۚ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ {23}

23. It is He, God besides whom there is no other, the Glorious Monarch, Guarding and Sheltering, Mighty and Commanding, Proud and Pure, of what you are associating Him with.

هُوَ اللَّهُ الْخَالِقُ الْبَارِئُ الْمُصَوِّرُۖ لَهُ الْأَسْمَاءُ الْحُسْنَىٰۚ يُسَبِّحُ لَهُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِۖ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ {24}

24. It is He, God the Creator, Architect, and for Him are all the glorious attributes, and glorifying Him all which are in Heaven and Earth and He is Mighty and Wise.

Moral

Fear guides more to duty than gratitude. For one who is virtuous, from love of virtue, or obligation, he thinks he lies under the obligation of Giver of all. There are thousands who are good only from their apprehension of punishment. Virtuous fear is mother of far-sightedness leading to hope, by relying on God, and vicious fear is product of doubt and distress, leaving to distress and destruction. Obedience proceeds from love, and likewise disobedience from enmity.

Notes

1. A sect of Bani Nazir living in Medina to a place in Damascus which shall later be a site for a general assembly.

2. The Prophet banished Bani Nazir and Bani Kika. He let Khaibarians to remain and work on contract. He slew Bani Kariza turning their wives and sons into slaves under Divine commands.

3. Abdullah ibn Ubi, Abu Laila and Refaha, sending messages to Bani Nazir, noted in foregoing paragraph and breaching their promises later.

4. To fight against Mohammad.

5. Omitted to discharge Divine obligations enjoined on them.

6. That is punish you for your having neglected Divine commands.

Surah al-Mumtahana, Chapter 60

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

In the Name of God the Compassionate, the Merciful

Verses 1 – 6

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَتَّخِذُوا عَدُوِّي وَعَدُوَّكُمْ أَوْلِيَاءَ تُلْقُونَ إِلَيْهِمْ بِالْمَوَدَّةِ وَقَدْ كَفَرُوا بِمَا جَاءَكُمْ مِنَ الْحَقِّ يُخْرِجُونَ الرَّسُولَ وَإِيَّاكُمْۙ أَنْ تُؤْمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ رَبِّكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ خَرَجْتُمْ جِهَادًا فِي سَبِيلِي وَابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاتِيۚ تُسِرُّونَ إِلَيْهِمْ بِالْمَوَدَّةِ وَأَنَا أَعْلَمُ بِمَا أَخْفَيْتُمْ وَمَا أَعْلَنْتُمْۚ وَمَنْ يَفْعَلْهُ مِنْكُمْ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ سَوَاءَ السَّبِيلِ {1}

1. Oh you faithful do not be friends with My enemy and your enemy.1 You are inclined to them (as evidenced you correspondence) by way of affinity, whereas they have denied what has come to you from God (Divine text, Divine Light, and Islam). They have expelled the Prophet and you (from Mecca) for your having embraced faith in God, your Providence, and if you have emigrated for crusade in My way, and to seek My Will. You hide your affection for them and I know what you hide and expose and if any amongst you so acts, verily he is misguided.

إِنْ يَثْقَفُوكُمْ يَكُونُوا لَكُمْ أَعْدَاءً وَيَبْسُطُوا إِلَيْكُمْ أَيْدِيَهُمْ وَأَلْسِنَتَهُمْ بِالسُّوءِ وَوَدُّوا لَوْ تَكْفُرُونَ {2}

2. If the infidels get a hold of you, they will be your enemies, extending their hands and tongue to injure you. They desire you to revert to infidelity.

لَنْ تَنْفَعَكُمْ أَرْحَامُكُمْ وَلَا أَوْلَادُكُمْۚ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يَفْصِلُ بَيْنَكُمْۚ وَاللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ {3}

3. Your relations and children will not benefit you on Dooms Day, when you shall separate (they being condemned to hell due to infidelity and God views what you do).

قَدْ كَانَتْ لَكُمْ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ فِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَالَّذِينَ مَعَهُ إِذْ قَالُوا لِقَوْمِهِمْ إِنَّا بُرَآءُ مِنْكُمْ وَمِمَّا تَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ كَفَرْنَا بِكُمْ وَبَدَا بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمُ الْعَدَاوَةُ وَالْبَغْضَاءُ أَبَدًا حَتَّىٰ تُؤْمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَحْدَهُ إِلَّا قَوْلَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ لِأَبِيهِ لَأَسْتَغْفِرَنَّ لَكَ وَمَا أَمْلِكُ لَكَ مِنَ اللَّهِ مِنْ شَيْءٍۖ رَبَّنَا عَلَيْكَ تَوَكَّلْنَا وَإِلَيْكَ أَنَبْنَا وَإِلَيْكَ الْمَصِيرُ {4}

4. Verily for you is an emulating example in Abraham and those (prophets) with him, when they told their sects verily are we away from you and from those whom you worship, barring God. We disbelieve your faith and animosity between Us and you forever, until and (on account which) has sprung up an enmity you believe in Unique God, leaving aside the word of promise held out by Abraham to his (so-called) father which he would pray forgiveness for him (on his having promised to admit faith and which is not for you to follow) and barring that I have no other means before God for you. Oh our Providence, we have relied on You and to you do we revert.

رَبَّنَا لَا تَجْعَلْنَا فِتْنَةً لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَاغْفِرْ لَنَا رَبَّنَاۖ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ {5}

5. Oh Our Providence, do not subordinate us to infidels (in matter of earning livelihood and seeking safety in life). Oh our Providence, forgive us. Verily You are Mighty and wise.

لَقَدْ كَانَ لَكُمْ فِيهِمْ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ لِمَنْ كَانَ يَرْجُو اللَّهَ وَالْيَوْمَ الْآخِرَۚ وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْغَنِيُّ الْحَمِيدُ {6}

6. Verily in Abraham is a fine instance for emulation, for those of you who are desirous of seeking Divine proximity and Eternity, and who turns away. Verily is God Independent and Praiseworthy.

Moral

Before Abraham’s time the faithful used to be poor. After his prayer, some were enriched to be on the level with the infidels. Ever avoid befriending infidels, as ruining your noble features, for certainly man is akin to beast physically if he neglects his soul being pure, akin to God.

Verses 7 – 13

عَسَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ الَّذِينَ عَادَيْتُمْ مِنْهُمْ مَوَدَّةًۚ وَاللَّهُ قَدِيرٌۚ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ {7}

7. Verily shall God, in the near future, affect between you and your enemies affection. God is Mighty and God is Forgiving and Merciful.

لَا يَنْهَاكُمُ اللَّهُ عَنِ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يُقَاتِلُوكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ وَلَمْ يُخْرِجُوكُمْ مِنْ دِيَارِكُمْ أَنْ تَبَرُّوهُمْ وَتُقْسِطُوا إِلَيْهِمْۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْمُقْسِطِينَ {8}

8. God does not forbid you to oblige those secular beings who do not dispute with you in religion and do not banish you and not to do justice to them, verily God loves the just.

إِنَّمَا يَنْهَاكُمُ اللَّهُ عَنِ الَّذِينَ قَاتَلُوكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ وَأَخْرَجُوكُمْ مِنْ دِيَارِكُمْ وَظَاهَرُوا عَلَىٰ إِخْرَاجِكُمْ أَنْ تَوَلَّوْهُمْۚ وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّهُمْ فَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ {9}

9. He only forbids you to be friends with those who dispute with you in religion, banish you, and assist in your banishment. He who shall befriend them shall be disobedient.

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا جَاءَكُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ مُهَاجِرَاتٍ فَامْتَحِنُوهُنَّۖ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِإِيمَانِهِنَّۖ فَإِنْ عَلِمْتُمُوهُنَّ مُؤْمِنَاتٍ فَلَا تَرْجِعُوهُنَّ إِلَى الْكُفَّارِۖ لَا هُنَّ حِلٌّ لَهُمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحِلُّونَ لَهُنَّۖ وَآتُوهُمْ مَا أَنْفَقُواۚ وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْ تَنْكِحُوهُنَّ إِذَا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّۚ وَلَا تُمْسِكُوا بِعِصَمِ الْكَوَافِرِ وَاسْأَلُوا مَا أَنْفَقْتُمْ وَلْيَسْأَلُوا مَا أَنْفَقُواۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ حُكْمُ اللَّهِۖ يَحْكُمُ بَيْنَكُمْۚ وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ {10}

10. Oh you faithful, if a faithful woman comes to you to seek refuge, verify her faith by a test, although God knows it, and if a faithful does not revert them to the infidels as they are neither lawful to them nor are infidels lawful to them, and pay their dower amount, advanced by their infidel husband to them when there is no objection against you to marry them, and do not take to marry infidel women. Demand you dower amount and they should demand what they have spent. These are God’s commands, which He gives you and He is Knowing and Wise.

وَإِنْ فَاتَكُمْ شَيْءٌ مِنْ أَزْوَاجِكُمْ إِلَى الْكُفَّارِ فَعَاقَبْتُمْ فَآتُوا الَّذِينَ ذَهَبَتْ أَزْوَاجُهُمْ مِثْلَ مَا أَنْفَقُواۚ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ الَّذِي أَنْتُمْ بِهِ مُؤْمِنُونَ {11}

11. If any of your wives reverts to an infidel, you (Prophet) have to pay the dower amount spent by her husband (out of the booty which falls to your hands). Pay those Muslim husbands whose wives have deserted them to the extent they have paid and fear God in whom you have faith.2

يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذَا جَاءَكَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ يُبَايِعْنَكَ عَلَىٰ أَنْ لَا يُشْرِكْنَ بِاللَّهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا يَسْرِقْنَ وَلَا يَزْنِينَ وَلَا يَقْتُلْنَ أَوْلَادَهُنَّ وَلَا يَأْتِينَ بِبُهْتَانٍ يَفْتَرِينَهُ بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِنَّ وَأَرْجُلِهِنَّ وَلَا يَعْصِينَكَ فِي مَعْرُوفٍۙ فَبَايِعْهُنَّ وَاسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُنَّ اللَّهَۖ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ {12}

12. Oh you Prophet, when faithful women come to you to sear fealty unto you on conditions of not associating any with God3 and on condition of not stealing to maintain purity and on condition of not fornicating4 and on condition of not killing children5 and on condition of not libelling what they conceal within their womb and on condition of not sinning while being ordered to do virtues and refrain from vices, accept then their oath of fealty praying forgiveness for them. Verily God is Forgiving and Merciful.

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَتَوَلَّوْا قَوْمًا غَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ قَدْ يَئِسُوا مِنَ الْآخِرَةِ كَمَا يَئِسَ الْكُفَّارُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الْقُبُورِ {13}

13. Oh you faithful do not be friends with a sect (Jews) on whom is Divine wrath and they have been disappointed from Eternal reward as the infidels have been despondent from the dead in the grave as to their living.

Moral

God enforced faith to purify from association, prayers to purify from pride, tithe to enhance provision, fasts to test sincerity, pilgrimage to maintain piety in religion, crusade for success of Islam, virtuous acts to improve mortal drawbacks, prevented evils to present sins, mixing to enhance friends, avenge to prevent murder, limits to maintain sacredness, barred drinking to maintain reason, barred stealing to maintain purity, barred fornication to maintain succession, barred masturbation to continue progeny, ordered true testimony to falsify cheats, forbade lie to maintain elegance of truth, ordered peace to maintain safety, decided leadership to maintain organization, ordered submission to revere leadership.

Notes

1. This was the warning given to Adam, who exchanged it with a false promise held out to him, under oath by the devil. As paradise is no place for the proud rogues and those who shelter them or are influenced by them, even before being sent to Earth which was announced, pre-hand, for tiral.

2. Katbu, daughter of Abi Umiah, wife of Omar deserted and married Abu Aufian. the Prophet paid Omar dower amount out of the booty.

3. Thus promising to forsake bestial habits of infidelity which Islam does not court.

4. Islam does not permit illegitimacy to preserve inheritance.

5. Islam guards life.

Surah al-Saff, Chapter 61

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

In the Name of God the Compassionate, the Merciful

Verses 1 – 14

سَبَّحَ لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِۖ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ {1}

1. Whatever is in Heaven and earth glorifies his Sublimity and He is Might and Wise.

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لِمَ تَقُولُونَ مَا لَا تَفْعَلُونَ {2}

2. Oh you faithful, why do you state what you cannot do?

كَبُرَ مَقْتًا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ أَنْ تَقُولُوا مَا لَا تَفْعَلُونَ {3}

3. It is grave before God to commit (yourself) what you cannot do.

إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الَّذِينَ يُقَاتِلُونَ فِي سَبِيلِهِ صَفًّا كَأَنَّهُمْ بُنْيَانٌ مَرْصُوصٌ {4}

4. Verily God loves those who fight in His name, jointly, with steadfastness as though it were a wall of molten led.1

وَإِذْ قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوْمِهِ يَا قَوْمِ لِمَ تُؤْذُونَنِي وَقَدْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْۖ فَلَمَّا زَاغُوا أَزَاغَ اللَّهُ قُلُوبَهُمْۚ وَاللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْفَاسِقِينَ {5}

5. Recall when Moses addressed his sect, “Oh my sect, why do you tease me? You know (full well) I am sent to you as a Divine Messenger.” When they adopted a wayward attitude, God blinded their hearts. God does not guide the disobedient.

وَإِذْ قَالَ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ يَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ إِنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ مُصَدِّقًا لِمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيَّ مِنَ التَّوْرَاةِ وَمُبَشِّرًا بِرَسُولٍ يَأْتِي مِنْ بَعْدِي اسْمُهُ أَحْمَدُۖ فَلَمَّا جَاءَهُمْ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ قَالُوا هَٰذَا سِحْرٌ مُبِينٌ {6}

6. Recall when Jesus, son of Mary said, “Oh you Bani Israel, verily I am a Divine Messenger to you, confirming the Torah which preceded (in revelation) me. I am giving you tidings of a prophet who is to follow me by the name of Ahmad.” When he came to them with miracles they said it was an open magic.2

وَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنِ افْتَرَىٰ عَلَى اللَّهِ الْكَذِبَ وَهُوَ يُدْعَىٰ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِۚ وَاللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ {7}

7. Who can be a greater tyrant than on libelling God while he is being invited (to embrace) Islam, and God does not guide a disobedient sect.

يُرِيدُونَ لِيُطْفِئُوا نُورَ اللَّهِ بِأَفْوَاهِهِمْ وَاللَّهُ مُتِمُّ نُورِهِ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْكَافِرُونَ {8}

8. They intend to put down Divine Light by their mouth (by libelling) and God (is determined) to fulfill (His message of guidance)3

هُوَ الَّذِي أَرْسَلَ رَسُولَهُ بِالْهُدَىٰ وَدِينِ الْحَقِّ لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ {9}

9. It is He who sent His messenger with guidance and a true faith (Islam) so as to overcome all other faiths4 although the associators dislike.5

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا هَلْ أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلَىٰ تِجَارَةٍ تُنْجِيكُمْ مِنْ عَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ {10}

10. Oh you faithful, shall I show you a trade (transacting in which) will give you salvation form intense punishment?

تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَتُجَاهِدُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ بِأَمْوَالِكُمْ وَأَنْفُسِكُمْۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ {11}

11. Believe in God6 and His Prophet and fight in the name of God with your property and life. This is good for you if you know.

يَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ذُنُوبَكُمْ وَيُدْخِلْكُمْ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ وَمَسَاكِنَ طَيِّبَةً فِي جَنَّاتِ عَدْنٍۚ ذَٰلِكَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ {12}

12. He will forgive your sins and admit you in paradise, below which flow streams and clean houses in the highest grade of paradise, and this is a mighty achievement.

وَأُخْرَىٰ تُحِبُّونَهَاۖ نَصْرٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَفَتْحٌ قَرِيبٌۗ وَبَشِّرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ {13}

13. And besides the foregoing (bounties) you will have what you like, Divine Help, which you shall attain shortly, and accordingly give tidings to the faithful.

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُونُوا أَنْصَارَ اللَّهِ كَمَا قَالَ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ لِلْحَوَارِيِّينَ مَنْ أَنْصَارِي إِلَى اللَّهِۖ قَالَ الْحَوَارِيُّونَ نَحْنُ أَنْصَارُ اللَّهِۖ فَآمَنَتْ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَكَفَرَتْ طَائِفَةٌۖ فَأَيَّدْنَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا عَلَىٰ عَدُوِّهِمْ فَأَصْبَحُوا ظَاهِرِينَ {14}

14. Oh you faithful, be Divine assistants, just as jesus singularly addressed fishermen “Who is going to assist me for God’s sake?” They said, “We are God’s assistants.” A group embraced faith, among the Bani Israel and the other dissented. We helped the faithful against their enemies due which they (faithful) remained victorious.

Moral

Bodily notes suffice. This help (14) was due to faculty of faith granted to the faithful. Similarly, “faculty extra to Divine Lights enables then not to forget anything.” Faith is affection the Ahl al-Bayt displayed in recalling the “Tragedy of Karbala” advising tyrants and bemoaning Divine Lights with wet eyes, visiting their shrines, nay – maing your home so as to be directly transferred to paradise being forgiven of sins.

Notes

1. God’s name is Divine Light Ali – contradicting or breaching fealty to him, contracting at the Valley of Khum, is highly displeasing God Almighty.

2. Cf. St. John 14:16: “And I will pray the Father and He shall give you another Comforter in which he may abide forever. Again 15:26: “But when the Comforter is come whom I send unto you from the Father he shall testify of me. 16:7: “Nevertheless, I tell you the Truth, it is expedient for you in which I go away for if I go not away, the Comforter will not come unto you, but if I depart, I will send him unto you. Also 13: “He shall not speak of himself but whosoever he shall hear that shall he speak.

3. Through 12th Divine Light (who will subdue all other faiths) although its infidels dislike it.

4. Revealed or otherwise – as former were tampered with and latter innovated.

5. Tampering and innovating is association alike.

6. In His nature of creation, object thereof, and administration of creation and design of Reversion and final goal of creation.

Surah al-Jum‘a, Chapter 62

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

In the Name of God the Compassionate, the Merciful

Verses 1 – 8

يُسَبِّحُ لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ الْمَلِكِ الْقُدُّوسِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَكِيمِ {1}

1. What is in Heaven and on earth glorifies His Sublimity, Who is Sovereign, Sublime, Almighty and Wise.

هُوَ الَّذِي بَعَثَ فِي الْأُمِّيِّينَ رَسُولًا مِنْهُمْ يَتْلُو عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتِهِ وَيُزَكِّيهِمْ وَيُعَلِّمُهُمُ الْكِتَابَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَإِنْ كَانُوا مِنْ قَبْلُ لَفِي ضَلَالٍ مُبِينٍ {2}

2. It is he who raised amongst the Meccaites (among men of the chief city of Mecca) a messenger who freads out to them His commands, purificating them (of association) teaching the Text and Divine Philosophy, although before his advent they were in open misguidance.

وَآخَرِينَ مِنْهُمْ لَمَّا يَلْحَقُوا بِهِمْۚ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ {3}

3. And (he is a prophet to) the succeeding generations who have not seen him, too (to be profited thereby) and He is Mighty and Wise.

ذَٰلِكَ فَضْلُ اللَّهِ يُؤْتِيهِ مَنْ يَشَاءُۚ وَاللَّهُ ذُو الْفَضْلِ الْعَظِيمِ {4}

4. This is Divine Grace. God endows it on whomever He likes. God is Might at being Merciful.

مَثَلُ الَّذِينَ حُمِّلُوا التَّوْرَاةَ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَحْمِلُوهَا كَمَثَلِ الْحِمَارِ يَحْمِلُ أَسْفَارًاۚ بِئْسَ مَثَلُ الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِۚ وَاللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ {5}

5. (Do not be like those) who were burdened (with the responsibility of learning the Torah and acting in accordance therewith. But they did not act and so their likeness is of an ass carrying the load of books. Bad is the example of a sect which has falsified the Couplets of the Text, and God does not guide a disobedient sect.1

قُلْ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ هَادُوا إِنْ زَعَمْتُمْ أَنَّكُمْ أَوْلِيَاءُ لِلَّهِ مِنْ دُونِ النَّاسِ فَتَمَنَّوُا الْمَوْتَ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ {6}

6. Say, “Oh you Jews, if you deem yourself favourite with God, barring others, better desire death (to be in paradise immediately instead of drudging in this world) if you are justified in your claim.

وَلَا يَتَمَنَّوْنَهُ أَبَدًا بِمَا قَدَّمَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْۚ وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ بِالظَّالِمِينَ {7}

7. And they will never desire death, owing to their preceding misdeeds, and God is fully acquainted with the disobedient.

قُلْ إِنَّ الْمَوْتَ الَّذِي تَفِرُّونَ مِنْهُ فَإِنَّهُ مُلَاقِيكُمْۖ ثُمَّ تُرَدُّونَ إِلَىٰ عَالِمِ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِ فَيُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ {8}

8. Say, “The death you are evading shall certainly seize you when you will be presented before the Knower of Secrets and Open, when you will be informed of your deeds.

Moral

Self-sufficient.

Verses 9 – 11

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا نُودِيَ لِلصَّلَاةِ مِنْ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ فَاسْعَوْا إِلَىٰ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ وَذَرُوا الْبَيْعَۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ {9}

9. Oh you faithful, when you are invited to Friday prayers regarding unto Divine Remembrance (as it reminds you to your duty – shortcomings – thereby a sermon) leaving your calling (for the time being). This is your interest, if you realize.

فَإِذَا قُضِيَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَانْتَشِرُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَابْتَغُوا مِنْ فَضْلِ اللَّهِ وَاذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ كَثِيرًا لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ {10}

10. When prayers are over, disperse (to your calling or visiting the sick and needy) on Earth, seeking Divine race thereby, remembering Him immensely (to cut off worldly attractions) so you may attain salvation.

وَإِذَا رَأَوْا تِجَارَةً أَوْ لَهْوًا انْفَضُّوا إِلَيْهَا وَتَرَكُوكَ قَائِمًاۚ قُلْ مَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ خَيْرٌ مِنَ اللَّهْوِ وَمِنَ التِّجَارَةِۚ وَاللَّهُ خَيْرُ الرَّازِقِينَ {11}

11. And if they see any lucrative concern or an amusement, they run thereto, leaving you (alone) standing.” Say, “What is with God is superior to your amusement and lucrative concern which is transitory and God is Best at Providing.

Moral

Friday is better than the other week days. It is Sabbath for the Muslims, prayers are accepted and God relaxes sins. Death on Friday or preceding night (provided he is faithful) is of a martyr.

Notes

1. How many there are who epeat the text by heart without knowing the least little bit. There are others who draw from the text interpretation to their will. There are others who are Divine Lights through whomthey were to be enlightened and their attempts are voided and are liable to question on reckoning day.