Alhassanain(p) Network for Heritage and Islamic Thought

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION. 13

HIS BIRTH AND UPBRINGING. 18

HIS NOBLE LINEAGE. 18

HIS FATHER. 18

HIS MOTHER. 18

THE GREAT NEWBORN. 19

THE DELIGHT OF IMAM AR-REDHA (A.S) 19

CEREMONIES OF THE BIRTH. 20

HIS EPITHETS. 20

HIS FEATURES. 20

HIS BIRTHDAY. 20

THE FIGURE ON HIS RING (SEAL) 21

HIS UPBRINGING. 21

HIS INTELLIGENCE AND GENIUS. 21

IMAM AR-REDHA PRAISES IMAM AL-JAWAD. 22

GLORIFICATION. 22

IMPRESSIONS OF HIS PERSONALITY. 23

1. ATH-THAHABI 23

2. IBN TAYMIYA. 23

3. AS-SAFADI 23

4. IBN AL-JAWZI 24

5. MAHMOOD BIN WUHAYB. 24

6. AZ-ZARKALI 24

7. KAMALUDDEN. 24

8. ALI BIN EESA AL-ARBALI 24

UNDER THE WING OF HIS FATHER  25

HIS MORALS. 25

HIS ASCETICISM.. 26

HIS GENEROSITY. 26

HIS KNOWLEDGE. 27

HIS WORSHIPPING. 28

HIS DIGNITY. 28

OPINIONS AND WORDS. 28

1. AL-MA’MOON. 28

2. IBRAHIM BIN AL-ABBAS. 28

3. AARIF TAMIR. 29

1. AS-SOULI 29

2. ABU NU’ASS. 29

3. ABDULLAH BIN AL-MUBARAK. 29

FORCING HIM TO ACCEPT THE POSITION OF HEIR APPARENT. 29

THE SERMON OF AL-MA'MOON. 30

JOYOUS CELEBRATIONS. 30

WITH IMAM AL-JAWAD (A.S) 30

CARRYING OUT HIS FATHER’S AFFAIRS. 31

THE LETTER OF IMAM AR-REDHA TO IMAM AL-JAWAD. 31

IMAM AR-REDHA DECLARES AL-JAWAD AS THE IMAM AFTER HIM   31

1. MUHAMMAD AL-MAHMOORI 31

2. SAFWAN BIN YAHYA. 32

3. MA’MAR BIN KHALLAD. 32

4. ABDULLAH BIN JA’FAR. 32

5. MUHAMMAD BIN ABU ABBAD. 32

THE TREACHERY OF AL-MA'MOON AGAINST IMAM AR-REDHA. 33

1. ENVY. 33

2. PLEASING THE ABBASIDS. 33

3. IMAM AR-REDHA DID NOT FLATTER AL-MA'MOON. 34

4. THE PRAYER OF EID. 34

THE ASSASSINATION OF IMAM AR-REDHA. 35

AL-MA'MOON ANNOUNCES THE IMAM’S DEATH. 36

PREPARING THE HOLY CORPSE. 36

IN HIS LAST ABODE. 36

THE MERITS OF VISITING HIS HOLY SHRINE. 37

MUSLIMS CONSOLE IMAM AL-JAWAD. 37

THE CONFUSION OF THE SHIA. 37

DELEGATIONS OF JURISPRUDENTS AND ULAMA. 38

FROM HIS HIGH IDEALS. 40

IMAMATE. 40

ITS GOALS. 40

THE QUALITIES OF THE IMAM.. 41

KNOWLEDGE. 41

INFALLIBILITY. 42

HIS WORSHIP. 43

HIS OFFERING RECOMMENDED WORSHIPS (NAFILA) 43

HIS HAJJ 43

HIS SUPPLICATIONS. 44

HIS ASCETICISM.. 44

HIS GENEROSITY. 45

DOING GOOD TO PEOPLE. 46

HIS COMFORTING THE PEOPLE. 46

HIS KNOWLEDGE AND SCIENCES  48

THE HADITH. 48

HIS NARRATIONS FROM THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH. 48

HIS NARRATIONS FROM IMAM ALI 48

HIS NARRATIONS FROM IMAM AS-SADIQ. 49

HIS NARRATIONS FROM HIS FATHER. 49

MONOTHEISM.. 50

JURISTIC QUESTIONS. 53

THE PRAYER. 53

THE ZAKAT. 54

THE KHUMS. 54

THE HAJJ 55

VOW.. 56

EXPIATION OF BREAKING THE OATH. 56

ENTAILMENT. 56

MARRIAGE. 57

DIVORCE. 58

SUCKLING. 58

LAWFULNESS OF THE MARRIAGE OF AN ADULTERER TO THE WOMAN HE COMMITS ADULTERY WITH. 58

DEPRIVATION OF ILLEGITIMATE CHILDREN OF INHERITANCE. 59

SHUF’A. 59

INHERITANCE. 59

CAUSES OF THE VERDICTS. 60

GIVING GOOD NEWS ABOUT THE COMING OF IMAM AL-MAHDI 61

FROM THE REALITY OF FAITH. 62

1. TRUSTING IN ALLAH. 62

2. BEING SATISFIED WITH ALLAH. 62

3. DEVOTION TO ALLAH. 62

4. TURNING TO ALLAH WITH THE HEART. 62

NOBILITIES OF CHARACTER. 63

SATISFYING THE NEEDS OF PEOPLE. 63

MANNERS OF BEHAVIOR. 63

HIS CALL TO THE DOING OF FAVOR. 64

FROM HIS SERMONS. 64

HIS LETTERS. 64

REPENTANCE. 66

FROM THE REVELATION OF ALLAH TO SOME OF HIS PROPHETS  66

WHAT A BELIEVER NEEDS. 66

WONDERFUL MAXIMS AND ARTS. 66

HIS COMPANIONS AND THE NARRATORS OF HIS TRADITIONS  72

HIS COMPANIONS. 72

1. IBRAHIM BIN DAWOOD AL-YA’QOOBI 72

2. IBRAHIM BIN MUHAMMAD AL-HAMADANI 72

3. IBRAHIM BIN MAHZIYAR ABU ISAAQ AL-AHWAZI 73

4. IBRAHIM BIN MIHRWAYH. 73

5. AHMED BIN HAMMAD AL-MIRZAWI 73

6. AHMED BIN ISAAQ AL-ASH’ARI AL-QUMMI 74

7. AHMED BIN ABDULLAH AL-KUFI AL-KARKHI 74

8. AHMED BIN MUHAMMAD BIN ABU NASR AL-BIZENTI 74

10. AHMED BIN MUHAMMAD BIN UBAYDA AL-QUMMI AL-ASH’ARI 75

11. AHMED BIN MUHAMMAD BIN KHALID AL-BARQI 75

His works 75

Criticism against him. 75

12. AHMED BIN MUHAMMAD BIN BINDAR AL-AQRA’ 76

13. AHMED BIN MUHAMMAD BIN UBAYDILLAH AL-ASH’ARI AL-QUMMI 76

14. AHMED BIN MUHAMMAD BIN EESA AL-ASH’ARI AL-QUMMI 76

His works 76

His class in narrations 76

15. AHMED BIN MO’AFA. 76

16. ABUL QASSIM IDRIS AL-QUMMI 76

17. ISAAQ AL-ANBARI 76

18. ISAAQ BIN IBRAHIM BIN HASHIM AL-QUMMI 77

19. ISAAQ BIN MUHAMMAD BIN IBRAHIM AL-HUDHAYNI 77

20. UMAYYA BIN ALI AL-QABASI ASH-SHAMI 77

21. JA’FAR BIN DAWOOD AL-YA’QOOBI 77

22. JA’FAR BIN MUHAMMAD BIN YOUNUS AL-AHWAL AS-SAYRAFI 77

23. JA’FAR BIN MUHAMMAD AL-HASHIMI 77

24. JA’FAR BIN YAHYA BIN SA’D AL-AHWAL. 77

25. JA’FAR AL-JAWHARI 77

26. ABU ALI AL-HASAN BIN RASHID AL-BAGHDADI 77

27. AL-HASAN BIN SA’EED AL-AHWAZI 78

28. ABU ALI AL-HASAN BIN AL-ABBAS IBN AL-HAREESH AR-RAZI 78

29. AL-HASAN BIN ABBASBIN KHARASH. 79

30. ABU MUHAMMAD AL-HASAN BIN ALI BIN ABU UTHMAN. 79

31. AL-HASAN BIN YASAR. 79

32. AL-HUSAYN BIN ASAD. 79

33. AL-HUSAYN BIN SA’EED BIN HAMMAD AL-AHWAZI 79

34. AL-HUSAYN BIN SAHL BIN NOAH. 79

35. AL-HUSAYN BIN DAWOOD AL-YA’QOOBI 79

36. AL-HUSAYN BIN ALI AL-QUMMI 79

37. AL-HUSAYN BIN MUHAMMAD AL-QUMMI 79

38. AL-HUSAYN BIN MUSLIM.. 79

39. AL-HUSAYN BIN IMAM MUSA BIN JA’FAR (A.S) 80

40. AL-HUSAYN BIN YASAR. 80

41. HAFS AL-JAWHARI 80

42. HAMZA BIN YA’LA AL-ASH’ARI AL-QUMMI ABU YA’LA. 80

43. KHALAF AL-BASRI 80

44. KHAYRAN AL-KHADIM AL-QARATEESSI 80

45. ABU HASHIM DAWOOD BIN AL-QASSIM BIN ISAAQ BIN ABDULLAH BIN JA’FAR BIN ABU TALIB AL-JA’FARI 81

46. DAWOOD BIN MAFANNA AS-SARMI 81

47. DAWOOD BIN ALI AL-KHUZA’IY. 81

48. DAWOOD BIN MAHZIYAR. 82

49. ZAKARIYYA BIN ADAM BIN ABDULLAH BIN SA’D AL-ASH’ARI AL-QUMMI 82

50. SA’D BIN SA’D BIN AL-AHWAS AL-ASH’ARI AL-QUMMI 82

51. SAHL BIN ZIYAD AR-RAZI 82

52. SHATHAN BIN AL-KHALIL AN-NAYSHABORI 82

53. ABUL KHAYR SALIH BIN ABU HAMMAD AR-RAZI 82

54. SALIH BIN MUHAMMAD BIN SAHL. 83

55. SALIH BIN MUHAMMAD AL-HAMADANI 83

56. SAFWAN BIN YAHYA AL-BAJALI 83

1. His reliability. 83

2. His worship. 83

3. His piety. 83

4. His covenant with his companions 83

5. His asceticism in life 84

6. His obedience to the infallible imams 84

7. His jurisprudence 84

8. His works 84

9. His death. 84

57. AL-ABBAS BIN UMAR AL-HAMADANI 84

58. ABDUL JABBAR BIN MUBARAK AN-NAHAWANDI 84

59. ABDURRAHMAN BIN ABU NAJRAN. 84

60. ABU TALIB ABDULLAH BIN AS-SALT. 85

61. ABDULLAH BIN MUHAMMAD AR-RAZI 85

62. ABDULLAH BIN MUHAMMAD BIN HUSSAYN AL-KHUDHAYNI AL-AHWAZI 85

63. ABDULLAH BIN MUHAMMAD BIN SAHL BIN DAWOOD. 85

64. ALI BIN ASBAT BIN SALIM.. 85

65. ALI BIN BILAL. 85

66. ALI BIN HADID BIN HAKEEM AL-MADA’INI AL-AZDI AS-SABATI 85

67. ALI BIN HASSAAN AL-WASITY AL-MUNAMMIS. 86

68. ALI BIN AL-HUSAYN BIN ALI BIN UMAR BIN AL-HUSAYN BIN ALI BIN ABU TALIB  86

69. ALI BIN AL-HAKAM.. 86

70. ALI BIN KHALID. 86

71. ALI BIN ABDULLAH AL-QUMMI 86

72. ALI BIN ABDULLAH AL-MADA’INI 86

73. ALI BIN ABDUL MELIK. 86

74. ALI BIN MUHAMMAD BIN SULEIMAN AN-NAWFALI 86

75. ALI BIN MUHAMMAD BIN HARUN BIN MAHBOB. 86

76. ALI BIN MUHAMMAD AL-ALAWI AL-HASANI 86

77. ALI BIN MUHAMMAD AL-QALANISI 87

78. ALI BIN MAHZIYAR. 87

1. His converting to Islam. 87

2. His piety. 87

3. His reliability in narrations 87

4. His works 87

5. The letters of Imam al-Jawad (a.s) to him. 87

6. His narrations 89

79. ALI BIN MUYASSAR. 89

80. ALI BIN NASR. 89

81. ABUL HUSAYN ALI BIN YAHYA. 89

82. AL-QASSIM BIN AL-HUSAYN AL-BIZENTI 89

83. MUHAMMAD BIN IBRAHIM AL-HUDHAYNI AL-AHWAZI 89

84. MUHAMMAD BIN ABU ZAYD AR-RAZI 89

85. MUHAMMAD BIN ABUL SAHBAN. 89

86. MUHAMMAD BIN ABU QURAYSH. 89

87. MUHAMMAD BIN ABU NASR. 89

88. ABU ALI MUHAMMAD BIN AHMED BIN HAMMAD AL-MAHMODI 89

89. MUHAMMAD BIN ISMA’EEL BIN BAZEE’ 90

His relation with Imam ar-Redha (a.s) 90

With Imam al-Jawad (a.s) 90

His works 90

90. MUHAMMAD BIN ISMA’EEL AR-RAZI 90

91. MUHAMMAD BIN AL-HASAN BIN ABU KHALID AL-ASH’ARI 90

92. MUHAMMAD BIN AL-HASAN BIN AMMAR. 90

93. MUHAMMAD BIN AL-HASAN BIN MAHBOB. 91

94. MUHAMMAD BIN AL-HASAN AL-WASITI 91

95. MUHAMMAD BIN AL-HASAN BIN SHAMMON AL-BASRI 91

96. MUHAMMAD BIN AL-HUSAYN AL-ASH’ARI 91

97. ABU JA’FAR MUHAMMAD BIN AL-HUSAYN BIN ABUL KHATTAB AZ-ZAYYAT AL-HAMADANI 91

98. MUHAMMAD BIN HAMZA AL-ALAWI 91

99. ABU ABDULLAH MUHAMMAD BIN KHALID AL-BARQI 92

100. MUHAMMAD BIN SALIM BIN ABDUL HAMEED. 92

101. ABU JA'FAR MUHAMMAD BIN SINAN AZ-ZUHRI AL-KHUZA’IY  92

102. ABU AS-SAHBAN MUHAMMAD BIN ABDUL JABBAR AL-QUMMI 93

103. MUHAMMAD BIN ABDULLAH AL-MADA’INI 93

104. ABU JA'FAR MUHAMMAD BIN ABDULLAH BIN MIHRAN AL-KARKHI 93

105. ABU BASHIR MUHAMMAD BIN ABDA. 93

106. MUHAMMAD BIN AL-FARAJ AR-RAKHJI 93

107. MUHAMMAD BIN NASR AN-NAB. 93

108. MUHAMMAD BIN NASR. 93

109. MUHAMMAD BIN NOAH. 93

110. MUHAMMAD BIN AL-WALEED AL-KHAZZAZ AL-KIRMANI 93

111. MUHAMMAD BIN YOUNUS BIN ABDURRAHMAN. 93

112. AL-MUKHTAR BIN ZIYAD AL-ABDI AL-BASRI 94

113. MARWAK BIN UBAYD BIN ABU HAFSAH. 94

114. MUSADDIQ BIN SADAQA AL-MADAYINI 94

115. MO’AWIYA BIN HAKEEM BIN AMMAR AD-DUHNI 94

116. MUNTHIR BIN QABOS. 94

117. ABUL HUSAYN MANSOR BIN AL-ABBAS AR-RAZI 94

118. MUSA BIN DAWOOD AL-YA’QOBI 94

119. MUSA BIN DAWOOD AL-MINQARI 95

120. MUSA BIN ABDULLAH BIN ABDUL MELIK BIN HISHAM.. 95

121. MUSA BIN UMAR BIN BAZEE’ 95

122. MUSA BIN AL-QASSIM BIN MO’AWIYA BIN WAHAB AL-BAJALI 95

123. NOAH BIN SHU’AYB AL-BAGHDADI 95

124. HARUN BIN AL-HASAN. 95

125. YAZDAD. 95

126. ABU JA'FAR AL-BASRI 95

127. ABUL HUSSAYN. 95

128. ABU KHIDASH AL-MIHRI AL-BASRI 95

129. ABU SARA. 96

130. ABU SUKAYNA AL-KUFI 96

131. ZAYNAB BINT MUHAMMAD BIN YAHYA. 96

132. ZAHRA’ UMM AHMED. 96

THE AGE OF IMAM AL-JAWAD (A.S) 97

CULTURAL LIFE. 97

CULTURAL CENTERS. 97

1. YATHRIB. 97

2. KUFA. 97

3. BASRA. 98

4. BAGHDAD. 98

PREVAILING SCIENCES. 98

1. SCIENCES OF THE QUR’AN. 98

A. Recitation. 98

B. Tafsir (interpretation) 99

2. HADITH. 99

3. JURISPRUDENCE. 100

4. USOOL. 100

5. GRAMMAR. 100

6. THEOLOGY. 100

7. MEDICINE. 100

8. CHEMISTRY. 100

TRANSLATION. 101

INSTITUTES AND LIBRARIES. 101

MAPS AND OBSERVATORIES. 101

POLITICAL LIFE. 102

THE SYSTEM OF THE RULE. 102

THE CALIPHATE AND HEREDITY. 102

UNUSUAL CONDUCTS. 103

VIZIERATE. 103

THE SEDITION BETWEEN AL-AMEEN AND AL-MA’MOON. 104

DEPOSING AL-MA’MOON. 105

DESTRUCTIVE WARS. 105

BLOCKADE OF BAGHDAD. 105

THE MURDER OF AL-AMEEN. 106

THE CALIPHATE OF IBRAHIM THE DISSOLUTE. 106

THE REVOLT OF ABU AS-SARAYA. 106

THE ABBASIDS PAY HOMAGE TO THE ALAWIDS. 107

SEIZING THE AUTHORITY. 108

DISAPPOINTMENT OF MUSLIMS. 108

PERSECUTING THE ALAWIDS. 109

THE CREATION OF THE QUR'AN. 109

ECONOMICAL LIFE. 110

THE INCOME OF THE STATE. 110

STRIVING TO COLLECT WEALTH. 111

ACCUMULATION OF WEALTH. 111

THE EXPENDITURES OF AL-MA’MOON’S MARRIAGE. 111

GIFTS AND DONATIONS. 112

POSSESSION OF MAIDS. 112

DIVERSITY IN BUILDING. 112

FURNITURE OF HOUSES. 113

CLOTHES. 113

FOODS. 113

THE WEALTH LEFT FROM THE ABBASIDS. 113

1. Al-Mansor 113

2. Ar-Rasheed. 113

3. Al-Khayzuran. 113

4. Amr bin Su’da 114

THE LIFE OF AMUSEMENT AND DIVERSION. 114

ASCETICISM.. 114

AT THE AGE OF AL-MA'MOON. 115

THE ASPECTS AND TENDENCIES OF AL-MA'MOON. 115

1. CUNNING. 115

2. SEVERITY. 115

3. TREACHERY. 116

4. HIS TENDENCY FOR AMUSEMENT AND PLAY. 116

CLAIMING SHIISM.. 116

1. GIVING FADAK BACK TO THE ALAWIDS. 116

2. PREFERRING IMAM ALI TO OTHER COMPANIONS. 116

3. APPOINTING IMAM AR-REDHA AS THE HEIR APPARENT. 116

WITH IMAM AL-JAWAD (A.S) 117

THE FIRST MEETING. 117

THE MARRIAGE OF IMAM AL-JAWAD TO AL-MA'MOON’S DAUGHTER  118

THE MOTIVES OF THIS MARRIAGE. 118

THE FEAR OF THE ABBASIDS. 119

THE MEETING OF THE ABBASIDS WITH AL-MA'MOON. 119

DELEGATING YAHYA TO TRY IMAM AL-JAWAD (A.S) 120

THE QUESTIONS OF YAHYA. 121

ENGAGEMENT. 121

EXPLAINING THE QUESTION. 122

IMAM AL-JAWAD ASKING YAHAY. 124

GIFTS ON THE OCCASION OF MARRIAGE. 124

THE MASSES HONORING IMAM AL-JAWAD. 124

HIS LECTURES IN BAGHDAD. 125

HIS TRAVEL TO YATHRIB. 125

HIS WEDDING. 125

CONGRATULATION. 125

LEAVING BAGHDAD. 126

A MIRACLE. 126

UMMUL FADHL COMPLAINS OF IMAM AL-JAWAD. 127

THE ANNUAL SALARY OF IMAM AL-JAWAD. 127

THE DEATH OF AL-MA'MOON. 127

THE END. 129

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF AL-MU’TASIM.. 129

DISLIKE OF KNOWLEDGE. 129

HIS HATRED TO THE ARABS. 129

HIS LOYALTY TO THE TURKS. 129

WITH IMAM AL-JAWAD. 129

BRINGING IMAM AL-JAWAD TO BAGHDAD. 130

BETRAYING THE IMAM.. 130

IMAM AL-JAWAD PREDICTS HIS DEATH. 131

ANNOUNCING THE IMAMATE TO HIS SON. 132

THE ASSASSINATION OF IMAM AL-JAWAD. 132

THE MOTIVES OF THE ASSASSINATION. 132

TO THE BEST WORLD. 133

FUNERALS AND BURIAL. 133

HIS AGE. 133

THE DATE OF HIS DEATH. 133

ZIYARAH OF IMAM AL-JAWAD (A.S) 134

REFERENCE BOOKS. 141

Endnotes 144