Alhassanain(p) Network for Heritage and Islamic Thought

كِتَابُ الْجَنَائِزِ

THE BOOK OF FUNERALS (3)

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم الحمد لله رب العالمين، وصلى الله على سيدنا محمد وآله الطاهرين، وسلم تسليما

In the Name of Allahazwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. The Praise is for Allahazwj Lordazwj of the Worlds, and Blessing be upon our Chief Muhammadsaww and hissaww Purified Progenyasws , and greetings with abundant greetings.

51 - بَابُ وَقْتِ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْجَنَائِزِ

Chapter 51 – Timing of the Salaat upon the deceased

1. حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ، عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ، عَنْ أَبَانٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : هَلْ يَمْنَعُكَ شَيْ‌ءٌ مِنْ هذِهِ السَّاعَاتِ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْجَنَائِزِ ؟ فَقَالَ: « لَا ».

Humeyd Bin Ziyad, from Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Sama’at, from someone else, from Aban, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws , ‘Does anything from these timings prevent youasws from praying theSalaat upon the deceased?’ Heasws said: ‘No’.1

2. أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيى، عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « يُصَلّى عَلَى الْجَنَازَةِ فِي كُلِّ سَاعَةٍ؛ إِنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ بِصَلَاةِ رُكُوعٍ وَلَا سُجُودٍ، وَإِنَّمَا تُكْرَهُ الصَّلَاةُ عِنْدَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ وَعِنْدَ غُرُوبِهَا الَّتِي فِيهَا الْخُشُوعُ وَالرُّكُوعُ وَالسُّجُودُ؛ لِأَنَّهَا تَغْرُبُ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيْ شَيْطَانٍ، وَتَطْلُعُ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيْ‌ شَيْطَانٍ ».

Abu Ali Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Al A’ala Bin Razeyn, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,

from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘You can praySalaat upon the deceased during every time. But rather, it is not aSalaat with a bowing or a prostration, and rather theSalaat is disliked during the emergence of the sun and during its setting, wherein is the humbleness and the bowings and the prostrations, because the setting is between the two horns of Satanla and the emergence is between the two horns of Satanla ’. 2

52 - بَابُ عِلَّةِ تَكْبِيرِ الْخَمْسِ عَلَى الْجَنَائِزِ

Chapter 52 – Reason for the five exclamations of Takbeer upon the deceased

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَفَعَهُ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : لِمَ جُعِلَ التَّكْبِيرُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ خَمْساً؟ فَقَالَ: « وَرَدَ مِنْ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ تَكْبِيرَةٌ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, raising it, said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘Why has the exclamation ofTakbeer upon the deceased made to be five (times)?’ So heasws said: ‘Brought in from each (Daily Prescribed)Salaat, oneTakbeer’ .3

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ وَهِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم يُكَبِّرُ عَلى قَوْمٍ خَمْساً، وَعَلى قَوْمٍ‌ آخَرِينَ أَرْبَعاً، فَإِذَا كَبَّرَ عَلى رَجُلٍ أَرْبَعاً اتُّهِمَ » يَعْنِي بِالنِّفَاقِ.

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad Bin Usman and Hisham Bin Salim,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww used to exclaim fiveTakbeers upon a group of people, and upon another group of people, four (Takbeers) . So when hesaww exclaimed four (Takbeers) upon a man, they (people) would accuse him (the deceased) of hypocrisy’.4

3. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُهَاجِرٍ، عَنْ أُمِّهِ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ، قَالَتْ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم إِذَا صَلّى عَلى مَيِّتٍ، كَبَّرَ وَتَشَهَّدَ، ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ، ثُمَّ صَلّى عَلَى الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَدَعَا، ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ وَدَعَا لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ، ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ الرَّابِعَةَ وَدَعَا لِلْمَيِّتِ، ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ وَانْصَرَفَ، فَلَمَّا نَهَاهُ اللهُ ـ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ـ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمُنَافِقِينَ، كَبَّرَ وَتَشَهَّدَ، ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ وَصَلّى عَلَى النَّبِيِّينَ ـ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِمْ ـ، ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ وَدَعَا لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ، ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ الرَّابِعَةَ وَانْصَرَفَ، وَلَمْ يَدْعُ لِلْمَيِّتِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Muhammad Bin Mahziyar, from his mother Umm Salama who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullahasws saying: ‘Whenever Rasool-Allahsaww prayedSalaat upon a deceased, exclaimedTakbeer and testified, then exclaimedTakbeer, then send Blessings upon the Prophetsas and supplicated, then exclaimedTakbeer and supplicated for the Believers, then exclaimed the fourthTakbeer and supplicated for the deceased, and left.

So when Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Forbade himsaww to pray theSalaat upon the hypocrites, hesaww exclaimedTakbeer and testified, then exclaimedTakbeer and send Blessings upon the Prophetsas , the exclaimedTakbeer and supplicated for the Believers, then exclaimed the fourthTakbeer and left, and did not supplicate for the deceased’.5

4. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ‌ جَعْفَرٍ الْجَعْفَرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم : إِنَّ اللهَ ـ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالى ـ فَرَضَ الصَّلَاةَ خَمْساً، وَجَعَلَ لِلْمَيِّتِ مِنْ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ تَكْبِيرَةً ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from one of his companions, from Suleuyman Bin Ja’far Al Ja’fary, from his father,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘Allahazwj Blessed and High Necessited the five (daily)Salaats and Made to be for the deceased, oneTakbeer from eachSalaat’ .6

5. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام : « يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ، تَدْرِي كَمِ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ؟ » قُلْتُ: لَا، قَالَ: « خَمْسُ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ؛ فَتَدْرِي مِنْ أَيْنَ أُخِذَتِ الْخَمْسُ ؟ » قُلْتُ: لَا، قَالَ: « أُخِذَتِ الْخَمْسُ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ مِنَ الْخَمْسِ صَلَوَاتٍ، مِنْ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ تَكْبِيرَةٌ ».

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Usman Bin Abdul Malik Al Hazramy, from Abu Bakr Al Hazramy who said,

‘Abu Ja’farasws said: ‘O Abu Bakr! Do you know how is theSalaat upon the deceased?’ I said, ‘No’. Heasws said: ‘Five exclamations ofTakbeer. So, do you know where the five have been taken from?’ I said, ‘No’. Heasws said: ‘The fiveTakbeers have been taken from the five (daily)Salaats , from eachSalaat being oneTakbeer’ . 7

53 - بَابُ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْجَنَائِزِ فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ

Chapter 53 – The Salaat upon the deceased in the Masjids

1. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ طَلْحَةَ، عَنْ‌ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْعَلَوِيِّ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ وَقَدْ جِي‌ءَ بِجَنَازَةٍ، فَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهَا، فَجَاءَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلُعليه‌السلام ، فَوَضَعَ مِرْفَقَهُ فِي صَدْرِي، فَجَعَلَ يَدْفَعُنِي حَتّى خَرَجَ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ، فَقَالَ: « يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ، إِنَّ الْجَنَائِزَ لَايُصَلّى عَلَيْهَا فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Musa Bin Talha, from Abu Bakr Bin Isa Bin Ahmad Al Alawy who said,

‘I was in theMasjid and they had come with a dead body, so I wanted to praySalaat upon it. Abu Al Hassanasws the 1st came up and placed his elbow upon my chest and heasws kept pushing me until I exited from theMasjid, as heasws said: ‘O Abu Bakr! The dead body cannot be prayed upon in theMasjid’ . 8

54 - بَابُ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِ وَالتَّكْبِيرِ وَالدُّعَاءِ‌

Chapter 54 – The Salaat upon the Believer, and the exclamation of the Takbeer and the supplication

1. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أُورَمَةَ، عَنْ زُرْعَةَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ؟ فَقَالَ: « تُكَبِّرُ خَمْسَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ، تَقُولُ أَوَّلَ مَا تُكَبِّرُ: أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لَاشَرِيكَ لَهُ، وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ، اللهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلى مُحَمَّدٍ وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَعَلَى الْأَئِمَّةِ الْهُدَاةِ، وَاغْفِرْ لَنَا وَلِإِخْوَانِنَا الَّذِينَ سَبَقُونَا بِالْإِيمَانِ، وَلَاتَجْعَلْ فِي قُلُوبِنَا غِلاًّ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا، رَبَّنَا إِنَّكَ رَؤُوفٌ رَحِيمٌ؛ اللهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِأَحْيَائِنَا وَأَمْوَاتِنَا مِنَ‌ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ، وَأَلِّفْ قُلُوبَنَا عَلى قُلُوبِ أَخْيَارِنَا، وَاهْدِنَا لِمَا اخْتُلِفَ فِيهِ مِنَ الْحَقِّ بِإِذْنِكَ؛ إِنَّكَ تَهْدِي مَنْ تَشَاءُ إِلى صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ. فَإِنْ قَطَعَ عَلَيْكَ التَّكْبِيرَةُ الثَّانِيَةُ، فَلَا يَضُرُّكَ تَقُولُ: "اللهُمَّ عَبْدُكَ ابْنُ عَبْدِكَ وَابْنُ أَمَتِكَ، أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ، افْتَقَرَ إِلى رَحْمَتِكَ، وَاسْتَغْنَيْتَ عَنْهُ، اللهُمَّ فَتَجَاوَزْ عَنْ سَيِّئَاتِهِ، وَزِدْ فِي حَسَنَاتِهِ، وَاغْفِرْ لَهُ وَارْحَمْهُ، وَنَوِّرْ لَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ، وَلَقِّنْهُ حُجَّتَهُ، وَأَلْحِقْهُ بِنَبِيِّهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، وَلَاتَحْرِمْنَا أَجْرَهُ، وَلَاتَفْتِنَّا بَعْدَهُ"، تَقُولُ هذَا حَتّى تَفْرُغَ مِنْ خَمْسِ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Awrama, from Zur’at Bin Muhammad, from Sama’at who said,

‘I asked himasws about theSalaat upon the deceased, so heasws said: ‘Exclaim fiveTakbeers saying in the first of theTakbeers, ‘I testify that there is no God except for Allahazwj , Alone, there being no associates to him, and I testify that Muhammadsaww is Hisazwj servant and Hisazwj Rasoolsaww . O Allahazwj , Send Blessings upon Muhammadsaww and the Progenyasws of Muhammadsaww and upon the Imamsasws of Guidance, and Forgive us and our brethren who preceded us with the faith, and do not Make rancor to be in our hears for those who believe.

Our Lordazwj ! Youazwj are Gracious, Merciful. O Allahazwj ! Forgive our living ones and our dead ones from the beliving men and the believing women, and Make our hearts to be fond upon the hearts of our good ones, and Guide us to what we are differing in, from the Truth, by Yourazwj Permission. Youazwj Guide whoever Youazwj so Desire to the Straight Path’.

So if the second exclamation ofTakbeer cuts off upon you, it would not harm you. You should be saying, ‘O Allahazwj ! (This is) Yourazwj servant, son of Yourazwj servant, and son of Yourazwj Maid. Youazwj are more Knowing of him than I am. He is needy to Yourazwj Mercy and Youazwj are Needless from him. O Allahazwj ! Overlook from his sins and Increase in his good deeds and Forgive him, and be Merciful to him, and Illuminate for him in his grave, and Cause him to meet his Proofasws and meet up with his Prophetsaww , and do not Deprive us from its Recompense and not do Try us after him’.

You should be saying this until you are free from the fiveTakbeers’ .9

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ، قَالَ: « تُكَبِّرُ، ثُمَّ تُصَلِّي عَلَى النَّبِيِّصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، ثُمَّ تَقُولُ: اللهُمَّ عَبْدُكَ ابْنُ عَبْدِكَ ابْنُ أَمَتِكَ، لَا أَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ إِلاَّ خَيْراً، وَأَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنِّي، اللهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ مُحْسِناً، فَزِدْ فِي إِحْسَانِهِ، وَتَقَبَّلْ مِنْهُ؛ وَإِنْ كَانَ مُسِيئاً، فَاغْفِرْ لَهُ ذَنْبَهُ، وَافْسَحْ لَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ، وَاجْعَلْهُ مِنْ رُفَقَاءِ مُحَمَّدٍصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم . ثُمَّ تُكَبِّرُ الثَّانِيَةَ، وَتَقُولُ: اللهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ زَاكِياً فَزَكِّهِ، وَإِنْ كَانَ خَاطِئاً فَاغْفِرْ لَهُ. ثُمَّ تُكَبِّرُ الثَّالِثَةَ، وَتَقُولُ: اللهُمَّ لَاتَحْرِمْنَا أَجْرَهُ، وَلَاتَفْتِنَّا بَعْدَهُ. ثُمَّ تُكَبِّرُ الرَّابِعَةَ، وَتَقُولُ: اللهُمَّ اكْتُبْهُ عِنْدَكَ فِي عِلِّيِّينَ، وَاخْلُفْ عَلى عَقِبِهِ فِي الْغَابِرِينَ، وَاجْعَلْهُ مِنْ رُفَقَاءِ مُحَمَّدٍصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم . ثُمَّ كَبِّرِ الْخَامِسَةَ، وَانْصَرِفْ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, from Al Halby, from Zurara,

from Abu Abdullahasws regarding theSalaat upon the deceased. Heasws said: ‘You should exclaimTakbeer, then send Blessings upon the Prophetsaww , then you should be saying, ‘O Allahazwj ! (This is) Yourazwj servant, son of Yourazwj servant, son of Yourazwj maid. I do not know from him except for the goodness and Youazwj are more Knowing of him than I am. O Allahazwj ! If he was a good doer, so Increase in his good deeds and Accept from him; and if he was an evil doer, so Forgive his sins for him and be Merciful to him, and Expand his grave for him and Make him to be from the friends of Muhammadsaww ’.

Then you should exclaim the secondTakbeer and say, ‘O Allahazwj ! If he was pure, so Purify him (more), and if he was erroneous, so Forgive him’.

Then you should exclaim the thirdTakbeer and say, ‘O Allahazwj ! Do not Deprive us of its Recompense and do not Try us after him’.

Then you should exclaim the fourthTakbeer and say, ‘O Allahazwj ! Write Yourazwj servant in the Illiyeen and Replace him in his offspring among the ancients and Make him to be among the friends of Muhammadsaww ’.

Then exclaim the fifthTakbeer and leave’.10

3. عَلِيٌّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ؛ وَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ جَمِيعاً، عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ، عَنْ أَبِي وَلاَّدٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنِ التَّكْبِيرِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ، فَقَالَ: « خَمْسٌ، تَقُولُ فِي أُولَاهُنَّ: "أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لَاشَرِيكَ لَهُ، اللهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلى مُحَمَّدٍ‌ وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ"، ثُمَّ تَقُولُ: "اللهُمَّ إِنَّ هذَا الْمُسَجّى قُدَّامَنَا عَبْدُكَ وَابْنُ عَبْدِكَ، وَقَدْ قَبَضْتَ رُوحَهُ إِلَيْكَ، وَقَدِ احْتَاجَ إِلى رَحْمَتِكَ، وَأَنْتَ غَنِيٌّ عَنْ عَذَابِهِ، اللهُمَّ إِنَّا لَانَعْلَمُ مِنْ ظَاهِرِهِ إِلاَّ خَيْراً، وَأَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِسَرِيرَتِهِ، اللهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ مُحْسِناً فَزِدْ فِي إِحْسَانِهِ، وَإِنْ كَانَ مُسِيئاً فَتَجَاوَزْ عَنْ سَيِّئَاتِهِ"، ثُمَّ تُكَبِّرُ الثَّانِيَةَ، وَتَفْعَلُ ذلِكَ فِي كُلِّ تَكْبِيرَةٍ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, and a number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, altogether from Ibn Mahboub, from Abu Wallad who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about the exclamations ofTakbeer upon the deceased, so heasws said: ‘Five. You should be saying in the first of these, ‘I testify that there is no God except for Allahazwj , Alone, there being no associates for him. O Allahazwj ! Send Blessings upon Muhammadsaww and the Progenyasws of Muhammad’.

Then you should be saying, ‘O Allahazwj ! This enshrouded one in front of us is Yourazwj servant, and a son of Yourazwj servant, and his sould has been Captured to (come) to Youazwj , and he is needy to Yourazwj Mercy and Youazwj Needless from Punishing him. O Allahazwj ! We deo not know from his apparent except for goodness and Youazwj are more Knowing of his secrets. O Allahazwj ! If he was a good doer, so Increase in his good eeds; and if he was an evil doer, so Overlook from his sins’.

Then exclaim the secondTakbeer and you should do that during eachTakbeer’ .11

4. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « تُكَبِّرُ، ثُمَّ تَشَهَّدُ، ثُمَّ تَقُولُ:( إِنّا لِلّهِ وَإِنّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ ) الْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ، رَبِّ الْمَوْتِ وَالْحَيَاةِ، صَلِّ عَلى مُحَمَّدٍ وَأَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ، جَزَى اللهُ عَنَّا مُحَمَّداً خَيْرَ الْجَزَاءِ بِمَا صَنَعَ بِأُمَّتِهِ، وَبِمَا بَلَّغَ مِنْ رِسَالَاتِ رَبِّهِ. ثُمَّ تَقُولُ: اللهُمَّ عَبْدُكَ ابْنُ عَبْدِكَ ابْنُ أَمَتِكَ، نَاصِيَتُهُ بِيَدِكَ، خَلَا مِنَ الدُّنْيَا، وَاحْتَاجَ إِلى رَحْمَتِكَ، وَأَنْتَ غَنِيٌّ عَنْ عَذَابِهِ، اللهُمَّ إِنَّا لَانَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ إِلاَّ خَيْراً، وَأَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ، اللهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ مُحْسِناً فَزِدْ فِي إِحْسَانِهِ وَتَقَبَّلْ مِنْهُ، وَإِنْ كَانَ مُسِيئاً فَاغْفِرْ لَهُ ذَنْبَهُ، وَارْحَمْهُ، وَتَجَاوَزْ عَنْهُ بِرَحْمَتِكَ، اللهُمَّ أَلْحِقْهُ بِنَبِيِّكَ، وَثَبِّتْهُ بِالْقَوْلِ الثَّابِتِ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ، اللهُمَّ اسْلُكْ بِنَا وَبِهِ سَبِيلَ الْهُدى، وَاهْدِنَا وَإِيَّاهُ صِرَاطَكَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ، اللهُمَّ عَفْوَكَ عَفْوَكَ ثُمَّ تُكَبِّرُ الثَّانِيَةَ، وَتَقُولُ مِثْلَ مَا قُلْتَ حَتّى تَفْرُغَ مِنْ خَمْسِ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, from Al Halby,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘You should exclaimTakbeer, then you should testify, then you should be saying, ‘We are from Allahazwj and to Himazwj we are returning. The Praise is for Allahazwj , Lordazwj of the worlds, Lordazwj of the death and the life. Send Blessings upon Muhammadazwj and the Peopleasws of Hisazwj Household. O Allahazwj ! Recompense Muhammadsaww with the best of the Recompense due to what hesaww did with hissaww community, and due to what hesaww delivered from the Message of hissaww Lordazwj ’.

Then you should be saying, ‘O Allahazwj ! (This here is) Yourazwj servant, a son of Yourazwj servant, a son of Yourazwj maid. His forehead is in Yourazwj Hands, having vacated from the world and is needy to Yourazwj Mercy, and Youazwj are Needless from Punishing him. O Allahazwj ! We do not know from him except for goodness and Youazwj are more Knowing with him. O Allahazwj ! If he was a good does, so Increase in his good deeds, and Accept from him; and if he was an evil doers, so Forgive his sins for him and be Merciful to him, and Overlook (his faults) from him by Yourazwj Mercy.

O Allahazwj ! Attach him with Yourazwj Prophetsaww and Affirm him with the firm Words in the life of the world and in the Hereafter. O Allahazwj ! I ask Youazwj by us and by him, the Way of Guidance, and Guide us and him to Yourazwj Straight Path. O Allahazwj ! Yourazwj Forgiveness! Yourazwj Forgiveness!’

Then exclaim the secondTakbeer and you should be saying the like of what you said, until you are free from fiveTakbeers’ .12

5. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ يُونُسَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الرِّضَاعليه‌السلام : قُلْتُ: جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ، إِنَّ النَّاسَ يَرْفَعُونَ أَيْدِيَهُمْ فِي التَّكْبِيرِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ فِي التَّكْبِيرَةِ الْأُولى، وَلَايَرْفَعُونَ فِيمَا بَعْدَ ذلِكَ، فَأَقْتَصِرُ عَلَى التَّكْبِيرَةِ الْأُولى كَمَا يَفْعَلُونَ، أَوْ أَرْفَعُ يَدِي فِي كُلِّ تَكْبِيرَةٍ؟ فَقَالَ: « ارْفَعْ يَدَكَ فِي كُلِّ تَكْبِيرَةٍ ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus who said,

‘I asked Al Rezaasws saying, ‘May I be sacrificed for youasws ! The people are raising their hands during the exclamations of theTakbeer upon the deceased during the firstTakbeer (only) and are not raising their hand in what is after that (the other fourTakbeers) . So, shall I restrict myself upon the firstTakbeer just as they are doing, or shall I raise my hands during everyTakbeer? ’ So heasws said: ‘Raise your hands during everyTakbeer’ .13

6. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحِيمِ أَبِي الصَّخْرِ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْخَالِقِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْجَنَائِزِ: « تَقُولُ: اللهُمَّ أَنْتَ خَلَقْتَ هذِهِ النَّفْسَ، وَأَنْتَ أَمَتَّهَا، تَعْلَمُ سِرَّهَا وَعَلَانِيَتَهَا، أَتَيْنَاكَ شَافِعِينَ فِيهَا، فَشَفِّعْنَا، اللهُمَّ وَلِّهَا مَنْ تَوَلَّتْ، وَاحْشُرْهَا مَعَ مَنْ أَحَبَّتْ ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hassan, from Ahmad Bin Abdul Raheem Abu Al Sakhar, from Ismail Bin Abdul Khaliq Bin Abd Rabbih,

from Abu Abdullahasws : ‘Regarding theSalaat upon the deceased, you should be saying, ‘O Allahazwj ! Youazwj Created this self and Youazwj Caused it to die. Youazwj Know its secrets and its public matters. We come to you inteceding with regards to it, therefore, Accept out intercession. O Allahazwj ! Let it be governed by the ones it accepted as rulers and Resurrect it along with the ones it loved’. 14

55 - بَابُ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ دُعَاءٌ مُوَقَّتٌ وَأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ فِيهَا تَسْلِيمٌ‌

Chapter 55 – There is no Prescribed supplication in the Salaat and there is no greeting in it

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ وَزُرَارَةَ وَمَعْمَرِ بْنِ يَحْيى وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ الْجُعْفِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « لَيْسَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ قِرَاءَةٌ وَلَادُعَاءٌ مُوَقَّتٌ، تَدْعُو بِمَا بَدَا لَكَ، وَأَحَقُّ الْمَوْتى أَنْ يُدْعى لَهُ الْمُؤْمِنُ، وَأَنْ يُبْدَأَ بِالصَّلَاةِ عَلى رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ibn Azina, from Muhammad Bin Muslim and Zurara and Ma’mar Bin Yahya and Ismail Al Ju’fy,

from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘In theSalaat upon the deceased there is neither a recitation (of a Chapter of the Holy Quran), nor any Prescribed supplication. You can supplicate with whatever comes to you, and it is a right of the deceased that the Believer should supplicate for him, and that he should begin with the sending of Blessings upon Rasool-Allahsaww ’.15

2. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « لَيْسَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ تَسْلِيمٌ ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Abdullah Bin Muskan, from Al Halby who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws said, ‘There is no greeting in theSalaat upon the deceased’.16

3. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ وَزُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليهما‌السلام ، قَالَا: « لَيْسَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ تَسْلِيمٌ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad Bin Usman, from Al Halby and Zurara,

from Abu Ja’farasws and Abu Abdullahasws both having said: ‘There is no greeting in theSalaat upon the deceased’. 17

56 - بَابُ مَنْ زَادَ عَلى خَمْسِ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ

Chapter 56 – The one who exceeds upon the five Takbeers

1. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ، عَنْ مُثَنَّى بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « صَلّى رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم عَلى حَمْزَةَ سَبْعِينَ صَلَاةً ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, from Musanna Bin Al Waleed, from Zurara,

from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww prayed seventySalaat upon Hamzaas ’. (i.e. exclaimed seventyTakbeers – see Hadeeth 3 below).18

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « كَبَّرَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ـ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ ـ عَلى سَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ ـ وَكَانَ بَدْرِيّاً ـ خَمْسَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ، ثُمَّ مَشى سَاعَةً، ثُمَّ وَضَعَهُ وَكَبَّرَ عَلَيْهِ خَمْسَةً أُخْرى، فَصَنَعَ ذلِكَ حَتّى كَبَّرَ عَلَيْهِ خَمْساً وَعِشْرِينَ تَكْبِيرَةً ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, from Al Halby,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Amir Al Momineenasws exclaimed fiveTakbeers upon Sahl Bin Huneyf, and he was a Badariyya (a participant in the battle of Badr). Then heasws walked a while, then placed him (his body) and exclaimed another fiveTakbeers upon him. So heasws kept on doing that until heasws had exclaimed twenty fiveTakbeers upon him’.19

3. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنِ‌ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ: عَنْ‌أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « كَبَّرَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم عَلى حَمْزَةَ سَبْعِينَ تَكْبِيرَةً، وَكَبَّرَ عَلِيٌّ ـ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ ـ عِنْدَكُمْ عَلى سَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ خَمْساً وَعِشْرِينَ تَكْبِيرَةً ». قَالَ: « كَبَّرَ خَمْساً خَمْساً، كُلَّمَا أَدْرَكَهُ النَّاسُ، قَالُوا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، لَمْ نُدْرِكِ الصَّلَاةَ عَلى سَهْلٍ، فَيَضَعُهُ، فَيُكَبِّرُ عَلَيْهِ خَمْساً حَتّى انْتَهى إِلى قَبْرِهِ خَمْسَ مَرَّاتٍ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer,

from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww exclaimed seventyTakbeers upon Hamzaas , and Aliasws exclaimed twenty fiveTakbeers upon Sahl Bin Huneyf. Heasws exclaimed five, five (at a time). Every time (more) people came over and they said, ‘O Amir Al Momineenasws ! We could not attend theSalaat upon Sahl’. So heasws placed him (his dead body) and heasws exclaimed five (Takbeers) upon him until he ended up to his grave, (having done so five times)’. 20

57 - بَابُ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمُسْتَضْعَفِ وَعَلى مَنْ لَايَعْرِفُ‌

Chapter 57 – The Salaat upon the weak ones (of understanding) and upon the one who did not recognise (the Wilayah)

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ: عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَاعليهما‌السلام ، قَالَ: « الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى الْمُسْتَضْعَفِ وَالَّذِي لَايَعْرِفُ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى‌ النَّبِيِّصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، وَالدُّعَاءُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ، تَقُولُ: "رَبَّنَا اغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تَابُوا وَاتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ وَقِهِمْ عَذَابَ الْجَحِيمِ"، إِلى آخِرِ الْآيَتَيْنِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,

from one of the two (5th or 6th Imamasws ) having said: ‘TheSalaat upon the one of weak understanding and those who do not recognise the sending of Blessings upon the Prophetsaww and the supplication for the believing men and the believing women, you should be saying, ‘Our Lordazwj ! [40:7] Grant Forgiveness to those who repent and follow Your Way, and save them from the Punishment of the Blazing Fire – up to the end of the two Verses’. ([40:8] Our Lord! And Make them enter the Gardens of Eden which You have Promised to them and those who do good of their fathers and their wives and their offspring, surely You are the Mighty, the Wise).21

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ، عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِ فَادْعُ لَهُ، وَاجْتَهِدْ لَهُ فِي الدُّعَاءِ، وَإِنْ كَانَ وَاقِفاً مُسْتَضْعَفاً فَكَبِّرْ، وَقُلِ: اللهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تَابُوا وَاتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ وَقِهِمْ عَذَابَ الْجَحِيمِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Umar Bin Azina, from Fuzayl Bin Yasaar,

from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘Whenever you praySalaat upon the (deceased) believer, so supplicate for him and strive for him in the supplication; and if he was precautionary, of weak understanding, so exclaimTakbeer and say, ‘O Allahazwj ! [40:7] Grant Forgiveness to those who repent and follow Your Way, and save them from the Punishment of the Blazing Fire’.22

3. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِنْ كَانَ مُسْتَضْعَفاً، فَقُلِ: "اللهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تَابُوا وَاتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ وَقِهِمْ عَذَابَ الْجَحِيمِ"، وَإِذَا كُنْتَ لَاتَدْرِي مَا حَالُهُ، فَقُلِ: "اللهُمَّ إِنْ‌ كَانَ يُحِبُّ الْخَيْرَ وَأَهْلَهُ، فَاغْفِرْ لَهُ وَارْحَمْهُ، وَتَجَاوَزْ عَنْهُ". وَإِنْ كَانَ الْمُسْتَضْعَفُ مِنْكَ بِسَبِيلٍ، فَاسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُ عَلى وَجْهِ الشَّفَاعَةِ، لَاعَلى وَجْهِ الْوَلَايَةِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad Bin Usman, from Al Halby,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘If he (the deceased) was of weak understanding, so say, ‘O Allahazwj ! [40:7] Grant Forgiveness to those who repent and follow Your Way, and save them from the Punishment of the Blazing Fire’. And when you do not know what his state is, so say, ‘O Allahazwj ! If he used to love the good and its peopleasws , so Forgive him, and be Merciful to him, and Overlook (his sins) from him; and if he was of weaker understanding than yours in the Way (of Allahazwj ),

so seek Forgiveness for him upon the aspect of intercession, not upon the aspect of theWilayah’ .23

4. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « التَّرَحُّمُ عَلى جِهَتَيْنِ: جِهَةِ الْوَلَايَةِ، وَجِهَةِ الشَّفَاعَةِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Fazzal, from one of his companions,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The (Divine) Mercy is upon two aspects – the aspect ofWilayah and the aqspect of intercession’.24

5. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « تَقُولُ: "أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ، وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدا رَسُولُ اللهِ؛ اللهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلى مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدِكَ وَرَسُولِكَ؛ اللهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلى مُحَمَّدٍ وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَتَقَبَّلْ شَفَاعَتَهُ، وَبَيِّضْ وَجْهَهُ، وَأَكْثِرْ تَبَعَهُ؛ اللهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَارْحَمْنِي، وَتُبْ عَلَيَّ؛ اللهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تَابُوا وَاتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ وَقِهِمْ عَذَابَ الْجَحِيمِ"، فَإِنْ كَانَ مُؤْمِناً دَخَلَ فِيهَا، وَإِنْ كَانَ لَيْسَ بِمُؤْمِنٍ خَرَجَ مِنْهَا ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from a man, from Suleyman Bin Khalid,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘You should be saying, ‘I testify that there is no God except for Allahazwj , and I testify that Muhammadsaww is Rasool-Allahazwj . O Allahazwj ! Send Blessings upon Muhammadsaww , Yourazwj servant and Yourazwj Rasoolsaww . O Allahazwj Send Blessings upon Muhammadsaww and the Progenyasws of Muhammadsaww , and Accept his intercession, and Whiten hissaww face and Multiply hissaww followers.

O Allahazwj ! Forgive me, and be Merciful to me, and Turn towards me. O Allahazwj ! [40:7] Grant Forgiveness to those who repent and follow Your Way, and save them from the Punishment of the Blazing Fire’. So if he was a believer, he would be included in it, and if was not a believer, he would be out from it’.25

6. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ غَالِبٍ، عَنْ ثَابِتٍ أَبِي الْمِقْدَامِ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ مَعَ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام فَإِذَا بِجَنَازَةٍ لِقَوْمٍ مِنْ جِيرَتِهِ، فَحَضَرَهَا وَكُنْتُ قَرِيباً مِنْهُ، فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: « اللهُمَّ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ خَلَقْتَ هذِهِ النُّفُوسَ، وَأَنْتَ تُمِيتُهَا، وَأَنْتَ تُحْيِيهَا، وَأَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِسَرَائِرِهَا وَعَلَانِيَتِهَا مِنَّا وَمُسْتَقَرِّهَا وَمُسْتَوْدَعِهَا؛ اللهُمَّ وَهذَا عَبْدُكَ، وَلَا أَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ شَرّاً، وَأَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ، وَقَدْ جِئْنَاكَ شَافِعِينَ لَهُ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ، فَإِنْ كَانَ مُسْتَوْجِباً فَشَفِّعْنَا فِيهِ، وَاحْشُرْهُ مَعَ مَنْ كَانَ يَتَوَلاَّهُ ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Abdullah Bin Ghalib, from Sabit Abu Al Miqdam who said,

‘I was with Abu Ja’farasws and there was a funeral prayer of someone from hisasws neighbourhood. So they presented it, and I was nearby himasws and I heard himasws saying: ‘O Allahazwj ! Youazwj Created this soul and Youazwj Caused it to die, and Youazwj Youazwj would be Reviving it, and Youazwj are more Knowing of its secrets and its apparent than we are, and the permannace (of his faith) and its temporariness.

O Allahazwj ! And this is Yourazwj servant and Iasws do not know of any evil from his and Youazwj are more Knowing of him, and we have come over inteceding for him after his death. So if he was deserving, so Accept our intercession regarding him and Resurrect him along with the ones whom he used to befriend’. 26

58 - بَابُ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى النَّاصِبِ

Chapter 58 – The Salaat upon the Hostile one (Nasibi)

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « لَمَّا مَاتَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أُبَيِّ بْنِ سَلُولٍ، حَضَرَ النَّبِيُّصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ‌ جَنَازَتَهُ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لِرَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَلَمْ يَنْهَكَ اللهُ أَنْ تَقُومَ عَلى قَبْرِهِ؟ فَسَكَتَ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَلَمْ يَنْهَكَ اللهُ أَنْ تَقُومَ عَلى قَبْرِهِ ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ: وَيْلَكَ، وَمَا يُدْرِيكَ مَا قُلْتُ، إِنِّي قُلْتُ: اللهُمَّ احْشُ جَوْفَهُ نَاراً، وَامْلَأْ قَبْرَهُ نَاراً، وَأَصْلِهِ نَاراً » قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « فَأَبْدى مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ مَا كَانَ يَكْرَهُ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad Bin Usman, from Al Halby,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘When Abdullah Bin Abu Saloul died, the Prophetsaww was present at his funeral. So Umar said to Rasool-Allahsaww , ‘O Rasool-Allahsaww ! Hasn’t Allahazwj Forbidden yousaww from standing at his grave?’ So hesaww was silent, and he said, ‘O Rasool-Allahsaww ! Hasn’t Allahazwj Forbidden yousaww from standing at his grave?’ So hesaww said to him: ‘Woe be unto you! And what would you know what Isaww said? Isaww said: ‘O Allahazwj ! Tamp his inside with fire and fill upon his grave with fire, and his origin with fire’.

Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘Thus he exposed from Rasool-Allahsaww what hesaww disliked (to expose)’.27

2. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ؛ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً، عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ، عَنْ زِيَادِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ السِّمْطِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « أَنَّ رَجُلاً مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ مَاتَ، فَخَرَجَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ـ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِمَا ـ يَمْشِي مَعَهُ، فَلَقِيَهُ مَوْلًى لَهُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْحُسَيْنُعليه‌السلام : أَيْنَ تَذْهَبُ‌ يَا فُلَانُ؟ » ـ قَالَ ـ: « فَقَالَ لَهُ مَوْلَاهُ: أَفِرُّ مِنْ جَنَازَةِ هذَا الْمُنَافِقِ أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهَا، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْحُسَيْنُعليه‌السلام : انْظُرْ أَنْ تَقُومَ عَلى يَمِينِي، فَمَا تَسْمَعُنِي أَقُولُ فَقُلْ مِثْلَهُ، فَلَمَّا أَنْ كَبَّرَ عَلَيْهِ وَلِيُّهُ، قَالَ الْحُسَيْنُعليه‌السلام : اللهُ أَكْبَرُ، اللهُمَّ الْعَنْ فُلَاناً عَبْدَكَ أَلْفَ لَعْنَةٍ مُؤْتَلِفَةٍ غَيْرِ مُخْتَلِفَةٍ، اللهُمَّ أَخْزِ عَبْدَكَ فِي عِبَادِكَ وَبِلَادِكَ، وَأَصْلِهِ حَرَّ نَارِكَ، وَأَذِقْهُ أَشَدَّ عَذَابِكَ؛ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يَتَوَلّى أَعْدَاءَكَ، وَيُعَادِي أَوْلِيَاءَكَ، وَيُبْغِضُ أَهْلَ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكَصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad and Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, altogether from Ibn Mahboub, from Ziyad Bin Isa, from Aamir Bin Al Simt,

from Abu Abdullahasws that: ‘A man from the hypocrites died, So Al Hassan Bin Aliasws went out walking with him and came across a slave of his. So Al Husaynasws said to him: ‘Where are you going, O so and so?’ So his slave said to himasws , ‘I am fleeing from the funeral of this hypocrite that I would have to praySalaat over him’. So Al Husaynasws said to him: ‘Wait, and stand upon myasws right. So whatever you hear measws saying, so say similar to it’.

So when his guardian (of the deceased) exclaimedTakbeer upon him, Al Husaynasws said: ‘Allahazwj is the Greatest! O Allahazwj ! Curse so and so, Yourazwj servant with a thousand Curses, combined without a separation. O Allahazwj ! Withhold Yourazwj servant among Yourazwj servants and Yourazwj city and Make the heat of Yourazwj Fire arrive to him, and Make his Taste the intensity of Yourazwj Punishment, for he used to befriend Yourazwj enemies and was inimical towards Yourazwj friends, and used to hate the Peopleasws of the Household of Yourazwj Prophetsaww ’.28

3. سَهْلٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ الْجَمَّالِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « مَاتَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ، فَخَرَجَ الْحُسَيْنُعليه‌السلام يَمْشِي، فَلَقِيَ مَوْلًى لَهُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: إِلى أَيْنَ تَذْهَبُ؟ فَقَالَ: أَفِرُّ مِنْ جَنَازَةِ هذَا الْمُنَافِقِ أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْحُسَيْنُعليه‌السلام : قُمْ إِلى جَنْبِي، فَمَا سَمِعْتَنِي أَقُولُ فَقُلْ مِثْلَهُ، قَالَ: فَرَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: اللهُمَّ‌ أَخْزِ عَبْدَكَ فِي عِبَادِكَ وَبِلَادِكَ، اللهُمَّ أَصْلِهِ حَرَّ نَارِكَ، اللهُمَّ أَذِقْهُ أَشَدَّ عَذَابِكَ؛ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يَتَوَلّى أَعْدَاءَكَ، وَيُعَادِي أَوْلِيَاءَكَ، وَيُبْغِضُ أَهْلَ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكَصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ».

Sahl, from Ibn Abu Najran, from Safwan Al Jammal,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘A man from the hypocrites died, so Al Husaynasws went out walking, and heasws came across a slave of his. So heasws said to him: ‘Where are you going to?’ So he said, ‘I am fleeing from the funeral of this hypocrite that I would have to praySalaat upon him’. So Al Husaynasws said to him: ‘Stand by myasws side, and whatever you hear from measws , so say the like of it’.

Heasws said: ‘So heasws raised hisasws hands and said: ‘O Allahazwj ! Withhold Yourazwj servant among Yourazwj servants and Yourazwj city. O Allahazwj ! Cause the heat of Yourazwj Fire to arrive to him. O Allahazwj ! Make his tase the intensity of Yourazwj Punishment, for he used to befriend Yourazwj enemies, and was inimical to Yourazwj friends, and used to hat the Peopleasws of the Household of Yourazwj Prophetsaww ’.29

4. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، قَالَ: « إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلى عَدُوِّ اللهِ، فَقُلِ: "اللهُمَّ، إِنَّ فُلَاناً لَا نَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ إِلاَّ أَنَّهُ عَدُوٌّ لَكَ وَلِرَسُولِكَ، اللهُمَّ فَاحْشُ قَبْرَهُ نَاراً، وَاحْشُ جَوْفَهُ نَاراً، وَعَجِّلْ بِهِ إِلَى النَّارِ؛ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يَتَوَلّى أَعْدَاءَكَ، وَيُعَادِي أَوْلِيَاءَكَ، وَيُبْغِضُ أَهْلَ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكَ؛ اللهُمَّ ضَيِّقْ عَلَيْهِ قَبْرَهُ"، فَإِذَا رُفِعَ فَقُلِ: اللهُمَّ لَاتَرْفَعْهُ وَلَاتُزَكِّهِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, from Al Halby,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Whenever you (have to) praySalaat upon an enemy of Allahazwj , so say, ‘O Allahazwj ! So and so, we do not know from him except that he is an enemy of Yours (s.w.t.) and of Yourazwj Rasoolsaww . Therefore Tamp his grave with fire, and Tamp his inside with fire, and Hasten with him to the Fire, for he used to befriend Yourazwj enemies and was inimical to Yourazwj friends, and was Hating the Peopleasws of the Household of Yourazwj Prophetsaww . O Allahazwj ! Straiten his grave upon him’.

So when he (the deceased) is raised, say, ‘O Allahazwj ! Neither Raise him (his levels), nor Purify him (by Forgiving his sins)’.30

5. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ: عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَاعليهما‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِنْ كَانَ جَاحِداً لِلْحَقِّ، فَقُلِ: اللهُمَّ امْلَأْ جَوْفَهُ نَاراً، وَقَبْرَهُ‌ نَاراً، وَسَلِّطْ عَلَيْهِ الْحَيَّاتِ وَالْعَقَارِبَ ـ وَذلِكَ قَالَهُ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام لِامْرَأَةِ سَوْءٍ مِنْ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ صَلّى عَلَيْهَا أَبِي وَقَالَ هذِهِ الْمَقَالَةَ ـ وَاجْعَلِ الشَّيْطَانَ لَهَا قَرِيناً ». قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ: فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: لِأَيِّ شَيْ‌ءٍ يَجْعَلُ الْحَيَّاتِ وَالْعَقَارِبَ فِي قَبْرِهَا؟ فَقَالَ: « إِنَّ الْحَيَّاتِ يَعْضَضْنَهَا، وَالْعَقَارِبَ يَلْسَعْنَهَا، وَالشَّيْطَانَ يُقَارِنُهَا فِي قَبْرِهَا ». قُلْتُ: تَجِدُ أَلَمَ ذلِكَ؟ قَالَ: « نَعَمْ شَدِيداً ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,

from one of the two (5th or 6th Imamasws having said: ‘If he (deceased) was one who fought against the Trtuh, so say, ‘O Allahazwj ! Fill his inside with fire, and his grave with fire, and Make the snakes and the scorpions to arrive to him’, and that is what Abu Ja’farasws said for an evil woman of the Clan of Umayya. Myasws fatherasws prayedSalaat over her and said these words: ‘And Make the devils as her companions’’.

Muhammad Bin Muslim said, ‘So I said to himasws , ‘For which thing were the snakes and the scorpions to be in her grave?’ So heasws said: ‘The snakes would bite her and the scorpions would sting her and the devils would accompany her in her grave’. I said, ‘Would she find the pain of that?’ Heasws said: ‘Yes, intense’.31

6. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ، قَالَ: « تَقُولُ: اللهُمَّ أَخْزِ عَبْدَكَ فِي بِلَادِكَ وَعِبَادِكَ، اللهُمَّ أَصْلِهِ حَرَّ نَارَكَ، وَأَذِقْهُ‌ أَشَدَّ عَذَابِكَ؛ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يُعَادِي أَوْلِيَاءَكَ، وَيُوَالِي أَعْدَاءَكَ، وَيُبْغِضُ أَهْلَ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكَصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr who said,

‘You should be saying, ‘O Allahazwj ! Humiliate Yourazwj servant among Yourazwj servants and Yourazwj city. O Allahazwj ! Make Yourazwj fire to arrive to him and Make him tase the intensity of Yourazwj Punishment, for he used to be inimical to Yourazwj friends and used to befriend Yourazwj enemies, and used to hate the Peopleasws of the Household of Yourazwj Prophetsaww ’.32

7. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَجَّالِ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، أَوْ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: مَاتَتِ امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ، فَحَضَرْتُهَا، فَلَمَّا صَلَّوْا عَلَيْهَا وَرَفَعُوهَا وَصَارَتْ عَلى أَيْدِي الرِّجَالِ، قَالَ: « اللهُمَّ ضَعْهَا، وَلَاتَرْفَعْهَا وَلَاتُزَكِّهَا » قَالَ: « وَكَانَتْ عَدُوَّةً لِلّهِ » قَالَ: وَلَا أَعْلَمُهُ إِلاَّ قَالَ: « وَلَنَا ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Abdullah AlHajja l, from Hammad Bin Usman,

from Abu Abdullahasws , or from the one who mentioned it, from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘A woman from the Clan of Umayya died, so I attended her (funeral). So whenSalaat had been prayed over her, and she was raised, and came to be in the hands of the men (for the burial), heasws said: ‘O Allahazwj ! Place her down and do not Raise her, and do not Purify her’.

He (the narrator) said, ‘Amd she was an enemy of Allahazwj , and I do not know it except that heasws said: ‘And (an enemy of) oursasws ’. 33

59 - بَابٌ فِي الْجَنَازَةِ تُوضَعُ وَقَدْ كُبِّرَ عَلَى الْأَوَّلَةِ‌

Chapter 59 – Regarding (another) dead body placed (brought), and Takbeer had already been exclaimed upon the first one

1. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنِ الْعَمْرَكِيِّ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ: عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍعليهما‌السلام ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْمٍ كَبَّرُوا عَلى جَنَازَةٍ تَكْبِيرَةً أَوْ ثِنْتَيْنِ، وَوُضِعَتْ مَعَهَا أُخْرى: كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُونَ ؟ قَالَ: « إِنْ شَاؤُوا، تَرَكُوا الْأُولى حَتّى يَفْرُغُوا مِنَ التَّكْبِيرِ عَلَى الْأَخِيرَةِ، وَإِنْ شَاؤُوا رَفَعُوا الْأُولى، وَأَتَمُّوا مَا بَقِيَ عَلَى الْأَخِيرَةِ؛ كُلُّ ذلِكَ لَابَأْسَ بِهِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Al Amraky,

from Ali son of Ja’farasws , from his brotherasws Musaasws , said, ‘I asked himasws about the group of people who had exclaimed oneTakbeer or two upon a deceased, and another (dead body) is placed along with it. How should they be dealing with it?’ Heasws said: ‘If they so desire to, they can leave the first one until they are free from exclaimingTakbeer upon the other; and if they so desire to, their can raise the first one, and complete what remains upon the other other. All of that, there is no problem with it’. 34

60 - بَابٌ فِي وَضْعِ الْجَنَازَةِ دُونَ الْقَبْرِ‌

Chapter 60 – Regarding placing of the deceased besides the grave

1. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَجْلَانَ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « لَا تَفْدَحْ مَيِّتَكَ بِالْقَبْرِ، وَلكِنْ ضَعْهُ أَسْفَلَ مِنْهُ بِذِرَاعَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثَةٍ، وَدَعْهُ يَأْخُذُ أُهْبَتَهُ ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Muhammad Bin Ajlan who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘Do not offload your dead one in the grave, but place him away from it by two cubits or three, and leave it to prepare himself’.35

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْخُرَاسَانِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ يُونُسَ، قَالَ: حَدِيثٌ سَمِعْتُهُ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسىعليه‌السلام مَا ذَكَرْتُهُ ـ وَأَنَا فِي بَيْتٍ ـ إِلاَّ ضَاقَ عَلَيَّ، يَقُولُ: « إِذَا أَتَيْتَ بِالْمَيِّتِ شَفِيرَ قَبْرِهِ، فَأَمْهِلْهُ سَاعَةً؛ فَإِنَّهُ يَأْخُذُ أُهْبَتَهُ لِلسُّؤَالِ ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al Khurasany, from his father, from Yunus who said,

‘A Hadeeth I heard from Abu Al Hassan Musaasws , I do not remember it and I am in the house except that it is straitening upon me. Heasws was saying: ‘Whenever you come with a deceased by the pit of his grave, so respite him for a while, for he can prepare himself for the questionig’. 36

61 - بَابٌ نَادِرٌ‌

Chapter 61 – Miscellaneous

1. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ الْحَلَبِيِّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام وَعِنْدَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ، فَمَرَّتْ بِهِ جَنَازَةٌ، فَقَامَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ وَلَمْ يَقُمْ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، فَقَعَدْتُ مَعَهُ، وَلَمْ يَزَلِ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ قَائِماً حَتّى مَضَوْا بِهَا، ثُمَّ جَلَسَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام : « مَا أَقَامَكَ؟ » قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ الْحُسَيْنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّعليهما‌السلام يَفْعَلُ ذلِكَ، فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام : « وَاللهِ، مَا فَعَلَهُ الْحُسَيْنُعليه‌السلام ، وَلَاقَامَ لَهَا أَحَدٌ مِنَّا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ قَطُّ » فَقَالَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ: شَكَّكْتَنِي أَصْلَحَكَ اللهُ قَدْ كُنْتُ أَظُنُّ أَنِّي رَأَيْتُ.

Muhammad Bin yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Yahya Bin Imran Al Halby, from Abdullah Bin Muskan, from Zurara who said,

‘I was in the presence of Abu Ja’farasws , and in hisasws presence was a man from the Ansaar, and a coffin passed by. So the Ansary stood up and Abu Ja’farasws did not stand up. So I remained seated along with himasws , and the Ansary did not remain standing until they had passed with it. Then he sat down.

So Abu Ja’farasws said to him: ‘What made you stand up?’ He said, ‘I saw Al Husayn Bin Aliasws do that (before)’. So Abu Ja’farasws said: ‘By Allahazwj ! Neither did Al Husaynasws stand up for it nor did anyone else from usasws , the Peopleasws of the Household, at all’. So the Ansaary said, ‘Youasws have placed me in doubt, may Allahazwj Keep youasws well. I thought, I had seen himasws do so’.37

2. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ، عَنْ مُثَنًّى الْحَنَّاطِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « كَانَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّعليهما‌السلام جَالِساً، فَمَرَّتْ عَلَيْهِ جَنَازَةٌ، فَقَامَ النَّاسُ حِينَ طَلَعَتِ الْجَنَازَةُ، فَقَالَ الْحُسَيْنُعليه‌السلام : مَرَّتْ جَنَازَةُ يَهُودِيٍّ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم عَلى طَرِيقِهَا جَالِساً، فَكَرِهَ أَنْ تَعْلُوَ رَأْسَهُ جَنَازَةُ يَهُودِيٍّ، فَقَامَ لِذلِكَ ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ibn Abu Najran, from Musanna Al Hannat,

from Abu Absdullahasws having said: ‘Al Husayn Bin Aliasws was seated, and a funeral coffin passed by him. So the people stood up when the coffin emerged. So Al Husaynasws said: ‘A funeral coffin of a Jew passed by and Rasool-Allahsaww was upon its road, seated. So hesaww disliked that the head of the deceased Jew be higher than hissaww , therefore hesaww stood up for that’. 38

62 - بَابُ دُخُولِ الْقَبْرِ وَالْخُرُوجِ مِنْهُ‌

Chapter 62 – Entering the grave and the exiting from it

1. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَبْدِيِّ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « لَا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْقَبْرَ فِي نَعْلَيْنِ، وَلَاخُفَّيْنِ، وَلَاعِمَامَةٍ، وَلَارِدَاءٍ، وَلَاقَلَنْسُوَةٍ ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Abdul Aziz Al Abdy, from Ibn Abu Yafour,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘It is not befitting for anyone that he should enter the grave wearing slippers, nor socks, nor a turban, nor a cloak, nor a cap’.39

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَقْطِينٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « لَا تَنْزِلْ فِي الْقَبْرِ وَعَلَيْكَ الْعِمَامَةُ وَالْقَلَنْسُوَةُ وَلَا الْحِذَاءُ وَلَا الطَّيْلَسَانُ، وَحُلَّ أَزْرَارَكَ؛ وَبِذلِكَ سُنَّةُ رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم جَرَتْ، وَلْيَتَعَوَّذْ بِاللهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ، وَلْيَقْرَأْ فَاتِحَةَ الْكِتَابِ، وَالْمُعَوِّذَتَيْنِ، و « قُلْ هُوَ اللهُ أَحَدٌ »، وَآيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ، وَإِنْ قَدَرَ أَنْ يَحْسِرَ عَنْ خَدِّهِ، وَيُلْصِقَهُ بِالْأَرْضِ، فَلْيَفْعَلْ، وَلْيَشْهَدْ، وَلْيَذْكُرْ مَا يَعْلَمُ حَتّى يَنْتَهِيَ إِلى صَاحِبِهِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ali Bin Yaqteen who said,

‘I heard Abu Al Hassanasws saying: ‘Do not descend into the grave and upon you is a turban, and the cap, nor (wearing) the shoes, nor the pallanium; and loosen your buttons, and by that flowed the Sunnah of Rasool-Allahsaww . And let him (the one descends into the grave) seek Refuge from the Pelted Satanla , and let him recite the Opening of the Book (Chapter 1 – Al Fatiha), and the Maw’azatayn (Chapter113 & 114), and ‘Say He Allah is One (Chapter 112), and Ayat Al Kursy (Chapter 2:255); and if he is able to bare his cheek and place it on the ground, so let him do so, and let him testify, and let him mention (Allahazwj ) whatever he knows until he ends up to his companion’.40

3. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْمِسْمَعِيِّ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ الْوَاسِطِيِّ، عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « لَا تَنْزِلِ الْقَبْرَ وَعَلَيْكَ الْعِمَامَةُ وَلَا الْقَلَنْسُوَةُ وَلَارِدَاءٌ وَلَاحِذَاءٌ، وَحُلَّ أَزْرَارَكَ ». قَالَ: قُلْتُ: وَالْخُفَّ ؟ قَالَ: « لَا بَأْسَ بِالْخُفِّ فِي وَقْتِ الضَّرُورَةِ وَالتَّقِيَّةِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah Al Mismaiy, from Ismail Bin Yasaar Al Wasity, from Sayf Bin Ameyra, from Abu Bakr Al Hazramy,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Do not descend into the grave and upon you is a turban, nor a cap, nor a cloak, nor shoes, and loosen your buttons’. I said, ‘And (what about) the socks?’ Heasws said: ‘There is no problem with the socks during a time of necessity and the dissimulation’.41

4. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ، عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « مَنْ دَخَلَ الْقَبْرَ، فَلَا يَخْرُجْ إِلاَّ مِنْ قِبَلِ الرِّجْلَيْنِ ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The one who enters the grave, so he should not exit except from the side of the two legs’.42

5. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ رَفَعَهُ، قَالَ: قَالَ: « يَدْخُلُ الرَّجُلُ الْقَبْرَ مِنْ حَيْثُ شَاءَ، وَلَايَخْرُجُ إِلاَّ مِنْ قِبَلِ رِجْلَيْهِ ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, raising it, said,

‘Heasws said: ‘The man can enter the grave from wherever he so desires to, and he cannot exit except from the side of his legs’.

6. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرى، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم : « إِنَّ لِكُلِّ بَيْتٍ بَاباً، وَإِنَّ بَابَ الْقَبْرِ مِنْ قِبَلِ الرِّجْلَيْنِ ».

And in another report, heasws said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘For every house there is a door, and the door of the grave is from the side of the two legs’. 43

63 - بَابُ مَنْ يَدْخُلُ الْقَبْرَ وَمَنْ لَايَدْخُلُ

Chapter 63 – The one who enters the grave and the one who does not enter

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ السِّنْدِيِّ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ، عَنْ‌ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « الرَّجُلُ يَنْزِلُ فِي قَبْرِ وَالِدِهِ، وَلَايَنْزِلُ الْوَالِدُ فِي قَبْرِ وَلَدِهِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Salih Bin Al Sindy, from Ja’far Bin Bashir, from Abdullah Bin Rashid,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The man, his son should descend into his grave, and the father should not descend into the grave of his son’.44

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ وَغَيْرِهِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « يُكْرَهُ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ فِي قَبْرِ وَلَدِهِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hafs Bin Bakhtary, and someone else,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘It is disliked for the man that he should descend into the grave of his son’.45

3. عَلِيٌّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: لَمَّا مَاتَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ، أَتى أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام الْقَبْرَ، فَأَرْخى نَفْسَهُ، فَقَعَدَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: « رَحِمَكَ اللهُ، وَصَلّى عَلَيْكَ » وَلَمْ يَنْزِلْ فِي قَبْرِهِ، وَقَالَ: « هكَذَا فَعَلَ النَّبِيُّصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم بِإِبْرَاهِيمَعليه‌السلام ».

Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Muhammad Bin Abu Hamza, from a man,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘When Ismail son of Abu Abdullahasws died, Abu Abdullahasws came over to the grave and loosend himselfasws and was seated. Then heasws said: ‘May Allahazwj have Mercy on you, and Send Blessings upon you’, and heasws did not descend into his grave, and said: ‘This is how the Prophetsaww did with (hissaww sonas ) Ibrahimas ’.46

4. أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَجَّالِ، عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنِ الْقَبْرِ: كَمْ يَدْخُلُهُ؟ قَالَ: « ذَاكَ إِلَى الْوَلِيِّ، إِنْ شَاءَ أَدْخَلَ وَتْراً، وَإِنْ شَاءَ شَفْعاً ».

Abu Ali Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, from Abdullah AlHajja l, from Sa’alba Bin Maymoun,

from Zurara who asked Abu Abdullahasws about the grave, how many can enter into it. Heasws said: ‘That is up to the guardian (of the deceased). If he so desires to he can (allow) an odd number, and if he so desires to he can (allow) an even number (of people)’.47

5. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ؛ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً، عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ، عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ـ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ ـ: مَضَتِ السُّنَّةُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم أَنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ لَايَدْخُلُ قَبْرَهَا إِلاَّ مَنْ كَانَ يَرَاهَا فِي حَيَاتِهَا ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, and Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, altogether from Al Nowfaly,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Amir Al Momineenasws said: ‘The Sunnah has transpired from Rasool-Allahsaww that the woman, none shall enter her grave except for the one who (was Permitted to) see her during her lifetime’.48

6. سَهْلُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أُورَمَةَ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُيَسِّرٍ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « الزَّوْجُ أَحَقُّ بِامْرَأَتِهِ حَتّى يَضَعَهَا فِي قَبْرِهَا ».

Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Awrama, from Ali Bin Maysara, from Is’haq Bin Ammar,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The husband is more rightful with his wife until he places her in her grave’.49

7. حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْكِنْدِيِّ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْمِيثَمِيِّ، عَنْ أَبَانٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ مَعَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام حِينَ مَاتَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ ابْنُهُعليه‌السلام ، فَأُنْزِلَ فِي قَبْرِهِ، ثُمَّ رَمى بِنَفْسِهِ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ مِمَّا يَلِي الْقِبْلَةَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: « هكَذَا صَنَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم بِإِبْرَاهِيمَ » ثُمَّ قَالَ: « إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ يَنْزِلُ فِي قَبْرِ وَالِدِهِ، وَلَايَنْزِلُ فِي قَبْرِ وَلَدِهِ ».

Humeyd Bin Ziyad, from Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Al Kindy, from Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Al Maysami, from Aban, from Abndullah Bin Rashid who said,

‘I was with Abu Abdullahasws when hisasws son Ismail died and he was descended into his grave. Then heasws threw himselfasws onto the ground from what faced theQiblah, then said: ‘This is how Rasool-Allahsaww dealt with Ibrahimas ’.

Then heasws said: ‘The man can descend into the grave of his father and he cannot descend into the grave of his son’.50

8. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْعَنْبَرِيِّ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : الرَّجُلُ يَدْفِنُ ابْنَهُ؟ قَالَ: « لَا يَدْفِنُهُ فِي التُّرَابِ ». قَالَ: قُلْتُ: فَالِابْنُ يَدْفِنُ أَبَاهُ؟ قَالَ: « نَعَمْ، لَابَأْسَ ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Al Waleed, from Yahya Bin Amro, from Abdullah Bin Rashid, from Abdullah Al Anbary who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘Can the man bury his son?’ Heasws said: ‘He cannot bury him in the soil’. I said, ‘So can the son bury his father?’ Heasws said: ‘Yes, there is no problem’. 51

64 - بَابُ سَلِّ الْمَيِّتِ وَمَا يُقَالُ عِنْدَ دُخُولِ الْقَبْرِ‌

Chapter 64 – Placing the deceased and what is said during entering the grave

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا أَتَيْتَ بِالْمَيِّتِ الْقَبْرَ، فَسُلَّهُ مِنْ قِبَلِ رِجْلَيْهِ، فَإِذَا وَضَعْتَهُ فِي الْقَبْرِ، فَاقْرَأْ آيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ، وَقُلْ: "بِسْمِ اللهِ، وَفِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ، وَعَلى مِلَّةِ رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، اللهُمَّ افْسَحْ لَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ، وَأَلْحِقْهُ بِنَبِيِّهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم "، وَقُلْ كَمَا قُلْتَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَيْهِ مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً مِنْ عِنْدِ" اللهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ مُحْسِناً فَزِدْ فِي إِحْسَانِهِ، وَإِنْ كَانَ مُسِيئاً فَاغْفِرْ لَهُ، وَارْحَمْهُ، وَتَجَاوَزْ عَنْهُ "، وَاسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتَ » قَالَ: « وَكَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِعليهما‌السلام إِذَا أَدْخَلَ الْمَيِّتَ الْقَبْرَ، قَالَ: اللهُمَّ جَافِ الْأَرْضَ عَنْ جَنْبَيْهِ، وَصَاعِدْ عَمَلَهُ، وَلَقِّهِ مِنْكَ رِضْوَاناً ».

اسْتَطَعْ Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn AbuUmeyr, from Hammad, from Al Halby,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘When they come with the deceased to the grave, so place him from the direction of his legs, So when you place him in the grace, recite Ayat Al Kursy (Chapter 2:255) and say, ‘In the Name of Allahazwj ’, and say just as you said during theSalaat upon him, once in his presence, ‘O Allahazwj ! If he was a good doer, so Increase in his good deeds, and if he was an evil doer, so Forgive him, and be Merciful to him, and Overlook (his sins) from him’. And seek Forgiveness for him , and Forgive him whatever whatever you are able to’.

Heasws said: ‘And it was so that whenever Ali Bin Al Husaynasws entered the deceased into the grave, said: ‘O Allahazwj ! Expand the ground from both his sides and Ascend his deeds, and Assign him the Pleasure from Youazwj ’.52

2. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ جَمِيعاً، عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ، عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ خَارِجَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا سَلَلْتَ الْمَيِّتَ، فَقُلْ: "بِسْمِ اللهِ وَبِاللهِ، وَعَلى مِلَّةِ رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، اللهُمَّ إِلى رَحْمَتِكَ، لَا إِلى عَذَابِكَ"، فَإِذَا وَضَعْتَهُ فِي اللَّحْدِ، فَضَعْ يَدَكَ عَلى أُذُنِهِ، فَقُلِ: اللهُ رَبُّكَ، وَالْإِسْلَامُ دِينُكَ، وَمُحَمَّدٌ نَبِيُّكَ، وَالْقُرْآنُ كِتَابُكَ، وَعَلِيٌّ إِمَامُكَ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed and Muhammad Bin Khalid, altogether from Al Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Yahya Bin Imran, from Haroun Bin Kharja, from Abu Baseer,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘When you bring forth the deceased, so say, ‘In the Name of Allahazwj , and by Allahazwj , and upon the Religion of Rasool-Allahsaww . O Allahazwj ! To Yourazwj Mercy, not to Yourazwj Punishment’. So when you place him into the chasm (Lahad) , so place your hand upon his ear and say, ‘Allahazwj is your Lordazwj , and Al Islam is your Religion, and Muhammadsaww is your Prophetsaww , and the Quran is your Book, and Aliasws is your Imamasws ’.53

3. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ، عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَحَدَهُمَاعليهما‌السلام عَنِ الْمَيِّتِ؟ فَقَالَ: « تَسُلُّهُ مِنْ قِبَلِ الرِّجْلَيْنِ، وَتُلْزِقُ الْقَبْرَ بِالْأَرْضِ إِلى قَدْرِ أَرْبَعِ أَصَابِعَ مُفَرَّجَاتٍ، وَتُرَبِّعُ قَبْرَهُ ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Al A’ala Bin Razeyn, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,

‘I asked one of the two (5th or 6th Imamasws about the deceased, so heasws said: ‘Place him from the direction of the two legs, and paste the grave with the earth by a measurement of four open fingers (in height), and square his grave (make it four cornered)’.54

4. سَهْلُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَجْلَانَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « سُلَّهُ سَلاًّ رَفِيقاً، فَإِذَا وَضَعْتَهُ فِي لَحْدِهِ، فَلْيَكُنْ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ مِمَّا يَلِي رَأْسَهُ لِيَذْكُرَ اسْمَ اللهِ، وَيُصَلِّيَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، وَيَتَعَوَّذَ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ، وَلْيَقْرَأْ فَاتِحَةَ الْكِتَابِ، وَالْمُعَوِّذَتَيْنِ، و « قُلْ هُوَ اللهُ أَحَدٌ »، وَآيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ، وَإِنْ قَدَرَ أَنْ يَحْسِرَ عَنْ خَدِّهِ، وَيُلْزِقَهُ بِالْأَرْضِ، فَعَلَ، وَيَشْهَدُ، وَيَذْكُرُ مَا يَعْلَمُ حَتّى يَنْتَهِيَ إِلى صَاحِبِهِ ».

Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Muhammad Bin Ajlan,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Place him with a gentle placing. So when you place him in his chasm (Lahad ), so let the the closest of the people from what follows his head mention the Name of Allahazwj upon him, and he should send Blessings upon the Prophetsaww , and seek Refuge from the Satanla , and let him recite the Opening of the Book (Chapter 1), and the Maw’azatayn (Chapters 113 & 114), and Ayat Al Kursy (Chapter 2:255). And if he is able to bare his cheek (of the deceased) and paste his cheek with the ground, so he should do so, and he should testify and mention whatever he knows until he ends up to his companion’.55

5. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، عَنْ مَحْفُوظٍ الْإِسْكَافِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَدْفِنَ الْمَيِّتَ، فَلْيَكُنْ أَعْقَلُ مَنْ يَنْزِلُ فِي قَبْرِهِ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ، وَلْيَكْشِفْ خَدَّهُ الْأَيْمَنَ حَتّى يُفْضِيَ بِهِ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ، وَيُدْنِي فَمَهُ إِلى سَمْعِهِ، وَيَقُولُ: " اسْمَعْ افْهَمْ ـ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ ـ اللهُ رَبُّكَ، وَمُحَمَّدٌ نَبِيُّكَ، وَالْإِسْلَامُ دِينُكَ، وَفُلَانٌ إِمَامُكَ، اسْمَعْ وَافْهَمْ "، وَأَعِدْهَا عَلَيْهِ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ هذَا التَّلْقِينَ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Mahfouz Al Iskaaf,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Whenever you want to bury the deceased, so let the wisest one enter into his grave to be by his head, and let him uncover his right cheek until it is exposed to the ground and go near his mouth to his ear and he should be saying, ‘Listen, understand!’ – three times, ‘Allahazwj is your Lordazwj , and Muhammadsaww is your Prophetsaww , and Al Islam is your Religion, and so and so is your Imamasws . Listen and understand’; and repeat it to him three times, this indoctrination (Talqeen) ’.56

6. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ: عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَاعليهما‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا وُضِعَ الْمَيِّتُ فِي لَحْدِهِ، فَقُلْ: بِسْمِ اللهِ، وَفِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ، وَعَلى مِلَّةِ رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، عَبْدُكَ ابْنُ عَبْدِكَ، نَزَلَ بِكَ، وَأَنْتَ خَيْرُ مَنْزُولٍ بِهِ؛ اللهُمَّ افْسَحْ لَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ، وَأَلْحِقْهُ بِنَبِيِّهِ؛ اللهُمَّ إِنَّا لَانَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ إِلاَّ خَيْراً، وَأَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ فَإِذَا وَضَعْتَ عَلَيْهِ اللَّبِنَ، فَقُلِ: اللهُمَّ صِلْ وَحْدَتَهُ، وَآنِسْ وَحْشَتَهُ، وَأَسْكِنْ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ رَحْمَتِكَ رَحْمَةً تُغْنِيهِ عَنْ رَحْمَةِ مَنْ سِوَاكَ. فَإِذَا خَرَجْتَ مِنْ قَبْرِهِ، فَقُلْ:( إِنّا لِلّهِ وَإِنّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ ) ، وَالْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ؛ اللهُمَّ ارْفَعْ دَرَجَتَهُ فِي أَعْلى عِلِّيِّينَ، وَاخْلُفْ عَلى عَقِبِهِ فِي الْغَابِرِينَ، يَا رَبَّ الْعَالَمِينَ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,

from one of the two (5th or 6th Imamasws ) having said: ‘When the deceased is placed in his chasm (Lahad) , so say, ‘In the Name of Allahazwj and in the Way of Allahazwj , and upon the Religion of Rasool-Allahsaww . Yourazwj servant, son of Yourazwj servfant has lodged with Youazwj and Youazwj are the best of the Hosts with him. O Allahazwj ! Expand for him in his grave, and Attach him with Yourazwj Prophetazwj . O Allahazwj ! We do not know from him except for goodness, and Yourazwj are more Knowing with him.

So when the slab is placed upon him, say, ‘O Allahazwj ! (Grant) companionship for his loneliness, and calmness for his fear, and Setlle upon him a Mercy from Yourazwj Mercies which would suffice him from (all) mercies besides Yourssaww ’.

So when you come out from his grave, say, ‘We are from Allahazwj to Himazwj are we returning, and the Praise is for Allahazwj , Lordazwj of the worlds. O Allahazwj ! Raise his leves in the high Illiyeen and Make a successor to be among his remaining offspring, O Lordazwj of the worlds’.57

7. عَنْهُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: إِذَا وَضَعْتَ الْمَيِّتَ فِي لَحْدِهِ، قَرَأْتَ آيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ، وَاضْرِبْ يَدَكَ عَلى مَنْكِبِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ، ثُمَّ قُلْ: "يَا فُلَانُ، قُلْ: رَضِيتُ بِاللهِ رَبّاً، وَبِالْإِسْلَامِ دِيناً، وَبِمُحَمَّدٍصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم نَبِيّاً، وَبِعَلِيٍّعليه‌السلام إِمَاماً"، وَسَمِّ إِمَامَ زَمَانِهِ.

From him, from his father, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from Zurara,

‘Heasws said: ‘When you place the deceased in his chasm (Lahad) , recite Ayat Al Kursy (Chapter 2:255), and strike your hand upon his right shoulder, then say, ‘O so and so! Say, ‘I am pleased with Allahazwj as Lordazwj , and with Al Islam as Religion, and with Muhammadsaww as Prophetsaww , and with Aliasws as Imamasws ’, and name the Imamasws of his time’.58

8. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ؛ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً، عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ، عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : مَا أَقُولُ إِذَا أَدْخَلْتُ الْمَيِّتَ مِنَّا قَبْرَهُ؟ قَالَ: « قُلِ: اللهُمَّ هذَا عَبْدُكَ فُلَانٌ وَابْنُ عَبْدِكَ، قَدْ نَزَلَ بِكَ، وَأَنْتَ خَيْرُ مَنْزُولٍ بِهِ، وَقَدِ احْتَاجَ إِلى رَحْمَتِكَ؛ اللهُمَّ وَلَانَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ إِلاَّ خَيْراً، وَأَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِسَرِيرَتِهِ، وَنَحْنُ الشُّهَدَاءُ بِعَلَانِيَتِهِ؛ اللهُمَّ فَجَافِ الْأَرْضَ عَنْ جَنْبَيْهِ، وَلَقِّنْهُ حُجَّتَهُ، وَاجْعَلْ هذَا الْيَوْمَ خَيْرَ يَوْمٍ أَتى عَلَيْهِ، وَاجْعَلْ هذَا الْقَبْرَ خَيْرَ بَيْتٍ نَزَلَ فِيهِ، وَصَيِّرْهُ إِلى خَيْرٍ مِمَّا‌ كَانَ فِيهِ، وَوَسِّعْ لَهُ فِي مَدْخَلِهِ، وَآنِسْ وَحْشَتَهُ، وَاغْفِرْ ذَنْبَهُ، وَلَاتَحْرِمْنَا أَجْرَهُ، وَلَا تُضِلَّنَا بَعْدَهُ ».

الشُّهَدَاءُ بِعَلَانِيَتِ A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, and Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, altogether from Ibn Mahboub, from Abu Ayoub, from Sama’at who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘What should I be saying when I enter into the grave of a deceased of ours?’ Heasws said: ‘Say, ‘This is Yourazwj servant, so and so, and a son of Yourazwj servant who had lodged with Youazwj and Youazwj are the best of the Hosts with him, and he is needy to Yourazwj Mercy. O Allahazwj ! And we do not know from him except for goodness and Youazwj are more Knowing with his secrets, and we are the witnesses of the apparent.

O Allahazwj ! Expand the ground from his two sides, and let him meet his Proofasws and Make this day to be the best day to come upon him, and Make this grave to be the best house he had lodged in, and for him to come to be into goodness from what he used to be in, and Expand for him in his entrance, and Comfort his fear, and Forgive his sins, and do not Deprive us of its Recompense, nor Let us stray after him’.59

9. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « يُشَقُّ الْكَفَنُ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَأْسِ الْمَيِّتِ إِذَا أُدْخِلَ قَبْرَهُ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from someone else from our companions,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Tear (slightly) the shroud from the head of the deceased when you enter his grave’.60

10. حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ، عَنْ أَبَانٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمنِ بْنِ سَيَابَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « سُلَّ الْمَيِّتَ سَلاًّ ».

Humeyd Bin Ziyad, from Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Sama’at, from one of his companions, from Aban, from Abdul Rahman Bin Sayaba,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Placed the deceased with a gentle placing (in his grave)’.61

11. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا وَضَعْتَ الْمَيِّتَ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ، قُلْتَ: اللهُمَّ عَبْدُكَ، وَابْنُ عَبْدِكَ، وَابْنُ أَمَتِكَ، نَزَلَ بِكَ، وَأَنْتَ خَيْرُ مَنْزُولٍ بِهِ. فَإِذَا سَلَلْتَهُ مِنْ قِبَلِ الرِّجْلَيْنِ وَدَلَّيْتَهُ، قُلْتَ: بِسْمِ اللهِ وَبِاللهِ، وَعَلى مِلَّةِ رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ؛ اللهُمَّ إِلى رَحْمَتِكَ، لَا إِلى عَذَابِكَ؛ اللهُمَّ افْسَحْ لَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ، وَلَقِّنْهُ حُجَّتَهُ، وَثَبِّتْهُ بِالْقَوْلِ الثَّابِتِ، وَقِنَا وَإِيَّاهُ عَذَابَ الْقَبْرِ. وَإِذَا سَوَّيْتَ عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابَ، قُلِ: اللهُمَّ جَافِ الْأَرْضَ عَنْ جَنْبَيْهِ، وَأَصْعِدْ رُوحَهُ إِلى أَرْوَاحِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي عِلِّيِّينَ، وَأَلْحِقْهُ بِالصَّالِحِينَ ».

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Usman Bin Isa, from Sama’at,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘When you place the deceased in the grave, you should say, ‘O Allahazwj ! This is Yourazwj and a son of Yourazwj servant and a son of Yourazwj maid. He is lodged with Youazwj and Youazwj are the best of the Host with him’.

So when you place him from the direction of his left and dangle him, say, ‘In the Name of Allahazwj and by Allahazwj and upon the Religion of Rasool-Allahsaww . O Allahazwj ! To Yourazwj Mercy, not to Yourazwj Punishment. O Allahazwj ! Expand his grave for him, and let him meet his Proofasws and Affirm him with the firm words, and Save us and him from the Punishment of the grave’.

And when you even the soil upon him, say, ‘O Allahazwj ! Expand the ground from his two sides and Ascend him to the souls of the Believers in Illiyeen, and Join him with the righteous ones’. 62

65 - بَابُ مَا يُبْسَطُ فِي اللَّحْدِ وَوَضْعِ اللَّبِنِ وَالْآجُرِّ وَالسَّاجِ‌

Chapter 65 – What is levelled off in the chasm (Lahad), and placing of the slab, and the brick, and the wood

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ‌ الْقَاسَانِيِّ، قَالَ: كَتَبَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ بِلَالٍ إِلى أَبِي الْحَسَنِعليه‌السلام : أَنَّهُ رُبَّمَا مَاتَ الْمَيِّتُ عِنْدَنَا، وَتَكُونُ الْأَرْضُ نَدِيَةً، فَنَفْرُشُ الْقَبْرَ بِالسَّاجِ، أَوْ نُطْبِقُ عَلَيْهِ، فَهَلْ يَجُوزُ ذلِكَ؟ فَكَتَبَعليه‌السلام : « ذلِكَ جَائِزٌ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ali Bin Muhammad Al Qasany who said,

‘Ali Bin Bilal wrote to Abu Al Hassanasws , ‘Sometimes someone dies with us and the ground happens to be damp, so we pave the grave with the wood, or we re-inforce upon it. Is that Permissible?’ So heasws wrote: ‘That is allowed’.63

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ السِّنْدِيِّ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي الْعَلَاءِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « أَلْقى شُقْرَانُ مَوْلى رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم فِي قَبْرِهِ‌ الْقَطِيفَةَ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Salih Bin Al Sindy, from Ja’far Bin Bashir, from Yahya Bin Abu Al A’ala,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The cotton spread was cast upon Shuqran, a slave of Rasool-Allahsaww , in his grave’.64

3. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « جَعَلَ عَلِيٌّعليه‌السلام عَلى قَبْرِ النَّبِيِّصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم لَبِناً ». فَقُلْتُ: أَرَأَيْتَ، إِنْ جَعَلَ الرَّجُلُ عَلَيْهِ آجُرّاً هَلْ يَضُرُّ الْمَيِّتَ ؟ قَالَ: « لَا ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Husayn Bin Usman, from Ibn Muskan, from Aban Bin Taghlib who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullahasws saying: ‘Aliasws made a slab to be upon the grave of the Prophetsaww ’. So I said, ‘What is yourasws view if the man were to make a brick to be upon him, would it harm the deceased?’ Heasws said: ‘No’. 65

66 - بَابُ مَنْ حَثَا عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ وَكَيْفَ يُحْثى‌

Chapter 66 – The one who spreads (soil) upon the deceased, and how he should spread it

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ، قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « مَا شَاءَ اللهُ، لَامَا شَاءَ النَّاسُ » فَلَمَّا انْتَهى إِلَى الْقَبْرِ، تَنَحّى، فَجَلَسَ، فَلَمَّا أُدْخِلَ الْمَيِّتُ لَحْدَهُ، قَامَ فَحَثَا عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ بِيَدِهِ.

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Dawood Bin Al Numan who said,

‘I saw Abu Al Hassanasws saying: ‘Whatever Allahazwj so Desires and not what the people desire’. So when heasws ended up to the grave, heasws isolated himselfasws and sat down. So when the deceased was entered into his chasm (Lahad) , heasws stood up and spread the soil upon him, three times, by hisasws hand’.66

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ، عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا حَثَوْتَ التُّرَابَ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ، فَقُلْ: إِيمَاناً بِكَ، وَتَصْدِيقاً بِبَعْثِكَ، هذَا مَا وَعَدَنَا اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ». قَالَ: « وَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَعليه‌السلام : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم يَقُولُ: مَنْ حَثَا عَلى مَيِّتٍ، وَقَالَ هذَا الْقَوْلَ، أَعْطَاهُ اللهُ بِكُلِّ ذَرَّةٍ حَسَنَةً ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al nowfaly, from Al Sakuny,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘When you spread the soil upon the deceased, say, ‘I believe in Youazwj and ratify Yourazwj Resurrection. [33:22] This is what Allah and His Rasool promised us’.

Heasws said: ‘And Amir Al Momineenasws said: ‘Iasws heard Rasool-Allahsaww saying: ‘The one who spreads (soil) upon a deceased and says these words, Allahazwj would Give him a Reward from every particle (of soil)’.67

3. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ، عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ مَعَ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام فِي جِنَازَةِ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، فَلَمَّا أَنْ دَفَنُوهُ، قَامَعليه‌السلام إِلى قَبْرِهِ، فَحَثَا عَلَيْهِ مِمَّا يَلِي رَأْسَهُ ثَلَاثاً بِكَفِّهِ، ثُمَّ بَسَطَ كَفَّهُ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ، ثُمَّ‌ قَالَ: « اللهُمَّ جَافِ الْأَرْضَ عَنْ جَنْبَيْهِ، وَأَصْعِدْ إِلَيْكَ رُوحَهُ، وَلَقِّهِ مِنْكَ رِضْوَاناً، وَأَسْكِنْ قَبْرَهُ مِنْ رَحْمَتِكَ مَا تُغْنِيهِ بِهِ عَنْ رَحْمَةِ مَنْ سِوَاكَ » ثُمَّ مَضى.

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, form one of his companions, from Al A’ala Bin Razeyn, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,

‘I was with Abu Ja’farasws in a funeral of a man from our companions. So when they buried him, heasws stood at his grave and spread (soil) upon him, from what followed his head, three times with hisasws handful. Then heasws spread hisasws palm upon the grave, then said, ‘O Allahazwj ! Expand the ground from both his sides, and Ascend his soul to Youazwj and let him Get Pleasure from Youasws , and Settle Yourazwj Mercy in his grave what would make him to be needless from a mercy besides Yoursazwj ’. Then heasws went away’.68

4. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ، قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام يَطْرَحُ التُّرَابَ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ، فَيُمْسِكُهُ سَاعَةً فِي يَدِهِ، ثُمَّ يَطْرَحُهُ، وَلَايَزِيدُ عَلى ثَلَاثَةِ أَكُفٍّ، قَالَ: فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ ذلِكَ، فَقَالَ: « يَا عُمَرُ، كُنْتُ أَقُولُ: إِيمَاناً بِكَ، وَتَصْدِيقاً بِبَعْثِكَ،( هذا ما وَعَدَنَا اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ ) إِلى قَوْلِهِ:( تَسْلِيماً ) ، هكَذَا كَانَ يَفْعَلُ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، وَبِهِ جَرَتِ السُّنَّةُ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Jameel Bin Darraj, from Umar Bin Azina who said,

‘I saw Abu Abdullahasws spread the soil upon the decease. So heasws withheld it for a while in hisasws hand, then spread it, and heasws did not increased upon three handfulls. So I asked himasws about that, and heasws said: ‘O Umar! Iasws was saying: ‘Iasws believe in Youazwj , and ratify Yourazwj Resurrection. [33:22] This is what Allah and His Rasool promised us, and Allah and His Rasool spoke the truth up to Hisazwj Words (and it only increased them in faith and) submission’. This what Rasool-Allahsaww used to do, and by it has the Sunnah flowed’.69

5. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: مَاتَ لِبَعْضِ أَصْحَابِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام وَلَدٌ، فَحَضَرَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، فَلَمَّا أُلْحِدَ، تَقَدَّمَ أَبُوهُ، فَطَرَحَ عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابَ، فَأَخَذَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام بِكَفَّيْهِ، وَقَالَ: « لَا تَطْرَحْ عَلَيْهِ‌ التُّرَابَ؛ وَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْهُ ذَا رَحِمٍ، فَلَا يَطْرَحْ عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابَ؛ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم نَهى أَنْ يَطْرَحَ الْوَالِدُ، أَوْ ذُو رَحِمٍ عَلى مَيِّتِهِ التُّرَابَ ». فَقُلْنَا: يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللهِ، أَتَنْهَانَا عَنْ هذَا وَحْدَهُ ؟ فَقَالَ: « أَنْهَاكُمْ مِنْ أَنْ تَطْرَحُوا التُّرَابَ عَلى ذَوِي أَرْحَامِكُمْ؛ فَإِنَّ ذلِكَ يُورِثُ الْقَسْوَةَ فِي الْقَلْبِ، وَمَنْ قَسَا قَلْبُهُ، بَعُدَ مِنْ رَبِّهِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Ali Bin Asbaat, from Ubeyd Bin Zurara who said,

‘A son of one of the companions of Abu Abdullahasws died. So Abu Abdullahasws attended (the funeral). So when he (the deceased) was placed in the chasm (Lahad) , heasws spread soil upon him. Abu Abdullahasws grabbed with his palm and said: ‘None should spread the soil upon him, one who was a close relative of his, for Rasool-Allahsaww forbade the parent, or one with womb relationships to spread soil upon the deceased’.

So we said, ‘O sonasws of Rasool-Allahsaww ! Are youasws forbidding us from this (deceased) alone?’ So heasws said: ‘Iasws am forbidding you all from spreading the souil upon your near relatives, for that would inherit the hardness in the hearts, and the one who is hard of heart is remote from his Lordazwj ’. 70

67 - بَابُ تَرْبِيعِ الْقَبْرِ وَرَشِّهِ بِالْمَاءِ، وَمَا يُقَالُ عِنْدَ ذلِكَ، وَقَدْرِ مَا يُرْفَعُ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ‌

Chapter 67 – Sqaring of the grave, and sprinkling it with the water, and what is to be said during that, and the measurement of what it can be raised from the ground

1. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ، عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنْ قُدَامَةَ بْنِ زَائِدَةَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم سَلَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ابْنَهُ سَلاًّ، وَرَبَّعَ قَبْرَهُ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Ali, from Ibn Bukeyr, from Qudama Bin Zaida who said,

‘I heard Abu Ja’farasws saying that Rasool-Allahazwj placed hissaww sonas Ibrahimas with a gentle placing, and squared hisas grave’.71

2. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « يُسْتَحَبُّ أَنْ يُدْخَلَ مَعَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ جَرِيدَةٌ رَطْبَةٌ، وَيُرْفَعَ قَبْرُهُ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ قَدْرَ أَرْبَعِ أَصَابِعَ مَضْمُومَةٍ، وَيُنْضَحَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءُ، وَيُخَلّى عَنْهُ ».

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Usman Bin Isa, from Sama’at,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘It is recommended that you should insert a wet twig in his grave with him, and raise his grave from the ground by a measurement of four clenched fingers, and exude the water upon it, and isolate from it’.72

3. حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ، عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ، عَنْ أَبَانٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ وَضْعِ الرَّجُلِ يَدَهُ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ: مَا هُوَ ؟ وَلِمَ صُنِعَ؟ فَقَالَ: « صَنَعَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم عَلَى ابْنِهِ بَعْدَ النَّضْحِ ». قَالَ: وَسَأَلْتُهُ: كَيْفَ أَضَعُ يَدِي عَلى قُبُورِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ؟ فَأَشَارَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ، وَوَضَعَهَا عَلَيْهَا، ثُمَّ رَفَعَهَا وَهُوَ مُقَابِلُ الْقِبْلَةِ.

Humeyd Bin Ziyad, from Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Sama’at, from someone else, from Aban, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Abdullah who said,

‘I asked himasws about the man placing hishand upon the grace, what is it, and why is it done?’ So heasws said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww did it upon hisasws sonas after sprinkling of the water’.

He (the narrator) said, ‘And I asked himasws about how I should be placing myhand upon the graves of the Muslims. So heasws gestured by hisasws hand to the ground and placed it upon it, then raised it, and heasws was facing theQiblah’ .73

4. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم يَصْنَعُ بِمَنْ مَاتَ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ خَاصَّةً شَيْئاً لَايَصْنَعُهُ بِأَحَدٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، كَانَ إِذَا صَلّى عَلَى الْهَاشِمِيِّ، وَنَضَحَ قَبْرَهُ بِالْمَاءِ، وَضَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم كَفَّهُ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ حَتّى تُرى أَصَابِعُهُ فِي الطِّينِ، فَكَانَ الْغَرِيبُ يَقْدَمُ، أَوِ الْمُسَافِرُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ، فَيَرَى الْقَبْرَ الْجَدِيدَ عَلَيْهِ أَثَرُ كَفِّ رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، فَيَقُولُ: مَنْ مَاتَ مِنْ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ؟ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Umar Bin Azina, from Zurara,

from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Umar Bin Azina, from Zurara, from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww used to do a special thing with the one who died from the Clan of Hashim than with anyone from the Muslims. When hesaww prayedSalaat upon the Hashimy and sprinkle his grave with the water, would place hissaww hand upon the grave until hissaww fingers would be seen to be in the clay.

Thus, if the stranger or a traveler from the people of Medina would come over, he would see upon the new grave the impact of the palm of Rasool-Allahazwj , and he would be saying, ‘The one from the family of Muhammadsaww has died’.74

5. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِنَّ أَبِي قَالَ لِي ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فِي مَرَضِهِ: يَا بُنَيَّ، أَدْخِلْ أُنَاساً مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ حَتّى أُشْهِدَهُمْ ». قَالَ: « فَأَدْخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ أُنَاساً مِنْهُمْ، فَقَالَ: يَا جَعْفَرُ، إِذَا أَنَا مِتُّ فَغَسِّلْنِي، وَكَفِّنِّي، وَارْفَعْ قَبْرِي أَرْبَعَ أَصَابِعَ، وَرُشَّهُ بِالْمَاءِ؛ فَلَمَّا خَرَجُوا قُلْتُ: يَا أَبَةِ، لَوْ أَمَرْتَنِي بِهذَا صَنَعْتُهُ، وَلَمْ تُرِدْ أَنْ أُدْخِلَ عَلَيْكَ قَوْماً تُشْهِدُهُمْ فَقَالَ: يَا بُنَيَّ، أَرَدْتُ أَنْ لَا تُنَازَعَ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad Bin Usman,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Myasws father said to measws one day during hisasws illness: ‘O myasws sonasws ! Get the people of Qureysh from the inhabitants of Al Medina to come over so that Iasws can get them to bear witness’. So Iasws got the people from them to come over to himasws , and heasws said: ‘O Ja’farasws ! When Iasws pass away, so wash measws , and enshroud measws , and raise myasws grave to four fingers (in height), and sprinkle it with the water’.

So when they went out, Iasws said: ‘O fatherasws ! If youasws had instructed measws with this, Iasws would have done it, and why did youasws want the people to come over to youasws , for them to witness?’ So heasws said: ‘O myasws sonasws ! Iasws wanted that there should be no dispute’.75

6. عَلِيٌّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : فِي رَشِّ الْمَاءِ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ، قَالَ: « يَتَجَافى عَنْهُ الْعَذَابُ مَا دَامَ النَّدى فِي التُّرَابِ ».

Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of his companions,

from Abu Abdullahasws regarding sprinkling of the water upon the grave. Heasws said: ‘The Punishment would be staved off from him for as long as the moisture is in the soil’.76

7. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « كَانَ رَشُّ الْقَبْرِ عَلى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Talha Bin Zayd,

from Abyu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Sprinkling the grave (with water) was prevalent upon the era of Rasool-Allahsaww ’.77

8. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « إِذَا فَرَغْتَ مِنَ الْقَبْرِ فَانْضَحْهُ، ثُمَّ ضَعْ يَدَكَ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ وَتَغْمِزُ كَفَّكَ عَلَيْهِ بَعْدَ النَّضْحِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Zurara who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘When you are free from the grave (burial), so sprinkle it with water, then place your hand by his head and press your palm upon it after the sprinkling’.78

9. حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ، عَنْ أَبَانٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَجْلَانَ، قَالَ: قَامَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام عَلى قَبْرِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الشِّيعَةِ، فَقَالَ: « اللهُمَّ صِلْ وَحْدَتَهُ، وَآنِسْ وَحْشَتَهُ، وَأَسْكِنْ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ رَحْمَتِكَ مَا يَسْتَغْنِي بِهَا عَنْ رَحْمَةِ مَنْ سِوَاكَ ».

Humeyd bin Ziyad, from Al Hassan Bin Muhammad, from someone else, from Aban, from Abdullah Bin Ajlan who said,

‘Abu Ja’farasws stood upon the grave of a man from the Shiah and heasws said: ‘O Allahazwj ! Grant companionship in his loneliness, and Comfort his fear, and Settle to him from Yourazwj Mercy what would make him to be needless from a mercy from anyone besides Youazwj ’’.79

10. أَبَانٌ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « يُدْعى لِلْمَيِّتِ حِينَ يُدْخَلُ حُفْرَتَهُ، وَيُرْفَعُ الْقَبْرُ فَوْقَ الْأَرْضِ أَرْبَعَ أَصَابِعَ ».

Aban, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,

from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘Supplicate for the deceased when he enters his pit (grave), and raise the grave above the ground by four fingers’.80

11. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الدَّلاَّلُ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « مَا عَلى أَهْلِ الْمَيِّتِ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يَدْرَؤُوا عَنْ مَيِّتِهِمْ لِقَاءَ مُنْكَرٍ وَنَكِيرٍ ». قُلْتُ: كَيْفَ يُصْنَعُ ؟ قَالَ: « إِذَا أُفْرِدَ الْمَيِّتُ، فَلْيَتَخَلَّفْ عِنْدَهُ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِهِ، فَيَضَعُ فَمَهُ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ، ثُمَّ يُنَادِي بِأَعْلى صَوْتِهِ: يَا فُلَانَ بْنَ فُلَانٍ، أَوْ يَا فُلَانَةَ بِنْتَ فُلَانٍ، هَلْ أَنْتَ عَلَى الْعَهْدِ الَّذِي فَارَقْتَنَا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لَا إِلهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لَاشَرِيكَ لَهُ، وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ سَيِّدُ النَّبِيِّينَ، وَأَنَّ عَلِيّاً أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ سَيِّدُ الْوَصِيِّينَ، وَأَنَّ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ مُحَمَّدٌصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم حَقٌّ، وَأَنَّ الْمَوْتَ حَقٌّ، وَأَنَّ الْبَعْثَ حَقٌّ، وَأَنَّ اللهَ يَبْعَثُ مَنْ فِي الْقُبُورِ؟ » قَالَ: « فَيَقُولُ مُنْكَرٌ لِنَكِيرٍ: انْصَرِفْ بِنَا عَنْ هذَا؛ فَقَدْ لُقِّنَ حُجَّتَهُ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from one of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, from Ismail who said, ‘Abu Al Hassan Al Dallal narrated to me, from Yahya Bin Abdullah who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullahasws saying: ‘What is upon the family of the deceased from you is that they should be ejecting from their deceased the meeting of Munkar and Nakeer (two questioning Angels)’. I said, ‘How can they do so?’

Heasws said: ‘When the deceased is alone (after the burial), so let the closest one of the people to him remain behind, and he should place his mouth by his head, then he should call out in a high voice, ‘O so and so, son of so and so!’ Or, ‘O so and so daughter of so and so! Are you still upon the Covenant which (you were upon) when you separated from us, from the testimony that there is no God except for Allahazwj , alone, there being no associates for Himazwj , and that Muhammadsaww is Hisazwj servant and Hisazwj Rasoolsaww , chief of the Prophetsas , and that Aliasws Amir Al Momineenasws , chief of the successorsas , and that whatever Muhammadsaww came with is truth, and that the death is truth, and that the Resurrection is truth, and that Allahazwj would be Resurrections the one who are in the graves’.

Heasws said: ‘So Munkar would be saying to Nakeer: ‘Let us leave from this one, for he has been dictated his arguments’. 81

68 - بَابُ تَطْيِينِ الْقَبْرِ وَتَجْصِيصِهِ‌

Chapter 68 – Applying clay to the grave, and plastering it

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ، عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « لَا تُطَيِّنُوا الْقَبْرَ مِنْ غَيْرِ طِينِهِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Do not apply clay on the grave from other than its own clay’.82

2. حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ، عَنْ أَبَانٍ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « قَبْرُ رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم مُحَصَّبٌ حَصْبَاءَ حَمْرَاءَ ».

Humeyd Bin Ziyad, from Al Hassan Bin Muhammad, from someone else, from one of his companions,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The grave of Rasool-Allahsaww was pebbly, of red gravel’.83

3. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ، عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ، قَالَ: لَمَّا رَجَعَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُوسىعليه‌السلام مِنْ بَغْدَادَ، وَمَضى إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، مَاتَتْ لَهُ ابْنَةٌ بِفَيْدَ، فَدَفَنَهَا، وَأَمَرَ بَعْضَ مَوَالِيهِ أَنْ يُجَصِّصَ قَبْرَهَا، وَيَكْتُبَ عَلى لَوْحٍ اسْمَهَا، وَيَجْعَلَهُ فِي الْقَبْرِ.

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Yunus Bin Yaqoub who said,

‘When Abu Al Hassan Musaasws returned from Baghdad and went to Al Medina, and daughter of hisasws died. So heasws buried her and ordered one of hisasws slaves that he should apply clay on her grave and write her name upon a tombstone, and make it to be in her grave’.84

4. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ، عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « أَنَّ النَّبِيَّصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم نَهى أَنْ يُزَادَ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ تُرَابٌ لَمْ يُخْرَجْ مِنْهُ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny,

from Abu Abdullahasws that the Prophetsaww forbade to increase upon the grave, soil which did not come out from it’. 85

69 - بَابُ التُّرْبَةِ الَّتِي يُدْفَنُ فِيهَا الْمَيِّتُ‌

Chapter 69 – The soil in which the deceased is buried

1. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنْ‌ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ: عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَاعليهما‌السلام ، قَالَ: « مَنْ خُلِقَ مِنْ تُرْبَةٍ، دُفِنَ فِيهَا ».

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Muskan, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,

from one of the two (5th or 6th Imamasws ) having said: ‘The one who is Created from the soil, is buried in it’.86

2. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ الْحَجَّالِ، عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي مِنْهَالٍ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « إِنَّ النُّطْفَةَ إِذَا وَقَعَتْ فِي الرَّحِمِ، بَعَثَ اللهُ ـ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ـ مَلَكاً، فَأَخَذَ مِنَ التُّرْبَةِ الَّتِي يُدْفَنُ فِيهَا، فَمَاثَهَا فِي النُّطْفَةِ، فَلَا يَزَالُ قَلْبُهُ يَحِنُّ إِلَيْهَا حَتّى يُدْفَنَ فِيهَا ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from AlHajja l, from Ibn Bukeyr, from Abu Minhal, from Al Haris Bin Al Mugheira who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullahasws saying: ‘When the seed falls into the womb, Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Sends an Angel who takes from the soil in which he is to be buried, so he dissolves it in the seed. So his heart does not cease to yearn towards it until he is buried in it’. 87

70 - بَابُ التَّعْزِيَةِ وَمَا يَجِبُ عَلى صَاحِبِ الْمُصِيبَةِ‌

Chapter 70 – The condolences and what is Obligated upon the one with the difficulties (the bereaved)

1. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُذَافِرٍ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « لَيْسَ التَّعْزِيَةُ إِلاَّ عِنْدَ الْقَبْرِ، ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفُونَ؛ لَايَحْدُثُ فِي الْمَيِّتِ حَدَثٌ، فَيَسْمَعُونَ الصَّوْتَ ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Muhammad Bin Uzafar, from Is’haq Bin Ammar,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘There is no (offering of) condolences except by the grave. Then you should be dispersing, in case an event were to occur regarding the deceased, so you would be hearing the sound’.88

ع2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « التَّعْزِيَةُ لِأَهْلِ الْمُصِيبَةِ بَعْدَ مَا يُدْفَنُ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of his companions,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The offering of condolences is to the bereaved after the burial’.89

3. أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، عَنِ الْحَجَّالِ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ، قَالَ: « لَيْسَ التَّعْزِيَةُ إِلاَّ عِنْدَ الْقَبْرِ، ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفُونَ؛ لَايَحْدُثُ فِي الْمَيِّتِ حَدَثٌ، فَيَسْمَعُونَ الصَّوْتَ ».

Abu Ali Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, from Al hajjal, from Is’haq Bin Ammar who said,

‘There are no condolences (to be offered) except by the grave. Then you should be dispersing, in case an event were to occur regarding the deceased, so you would be hearing the sound’.90

4. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « التَّعْزِيَةُ الْوَاجِبَةُ بَعْدَ الدَّفْنِ ».

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from his father, from one of his companions,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The offering of condolences is the Obligation after the burial’.91

5. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، قَالَ: لَمَّا مَاتَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، خَرَجَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، فَتَقَدَّمَ السَّرِيرَ بِلَا حِذَاءٍ وَلَارِدَاءٍ

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Usman who said,

‘When Ismail, son of Abu Abdullahasws died, Abu Abdullahasws went out and walked in front of the coffin without shoes or a cloak’.92

6. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « يَنْبَغِي لِصَاحِبِ الْمُصِيبَةِ أَنْ يَضَعَ رِدَاءَهُ حَتّى يَعْلَمَ النَّاسُ أَنَّهُ صَاحِبُ الْمُصِيبَةِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of his companions,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘It is befitting for the bereaved that he should place down his cloak until the people know that he is the bereaved’.93

7. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ النَّخَّاسِ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « عَزّى أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام رَجُلاً بِابْنٍ لَهُ، فَقَالَ: « اللهُ خَيْرٌ لِابْنِكَ مِنْكَ، وَثَوَابُ اللهِ خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنِ ابْنِكَ ». فَلَمَّا بَلَغَهُ جَزَعُهُ بَعْدُ، عَادَ إِلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: « قَدْ مَاتَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم فَمَا لَكَ بِهِ أُسْوَةٌ؟ » فَقَالَ: إِنَّهُ كَانَ مُرَهَّقاً، فَقَالَ: « إِنَّ أَمَامَهُ ثَلَاثَ خِصَالٍ: شَهَادَةَ أَنْ لَا إِلهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ، وَرَحْمَةَ اللهِ، وَشَفَاعَةَ رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، فَلَنْ تَفُوتَهُ وَاحِدَةٌ مِنْهُنَّ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Rifa’at Al Nakhhas, from a man,

from Abu Abdullahasws , said, ‘Abu Abdullahasws comforted a man for a son of his (who had died), so heasws said: ‘Allahazwj is better for your son than you are, and the Rewards of Allahazwj are better for you than your son was’.

So when his sobbing reached himasws afterwards, heasws returned to him, and heasws said to him: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww passed away, so what is for you with it, is similar’. So he said, ‘My son was a drunkard’. So heasws said: ‘In front of him are three qualitites – the testimony that there is no God except for Allahazwj , and Mercy of Allahazwj , and intercession of Rasool-Allahsaww , there one of these would not be missed out on for him, Allahazwj Willing’.94

8. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ سَعْدَانَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ: عَنْ‌أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « يَنْبَغِي لِصَاحِبِ الْمُصِيبَةِ أَنْ لَايَلْبَسَ رِدَاءً، وَأَنْ يَكُونَ فِي قَمِيصٍ حَتّى يُعْرَفَ ».

Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Ahmad Bin Is’haq, from Sa’dan Bin Muslim, from Abu Baseer,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘It is befitting for the bereaved that he should not wear a cloak, and does not happen to be in a shirt, until he is recognised (as a bereaved)’.95

9. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ؛ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ مُوسىعليه‌السلام يُعَزِّي قَبْلَ الدَّفْنِ وَبَعْدَهُ.

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, and Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Al fazl Bin Shazaan, altogether from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Al Hakam who said,

‘I saw Musaasws comforting (the bereaved) before the burial and after it’.96

10. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ، قَالَ: كَتَبَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِيعليه‌السلام إِلى رَجُلٍ: « ذَكَرْتَ مُصِيبَتَكَ بِعَلِيٍّ ابْنِكَ، وَذَكَرْتَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ أَحَبَّ وُلْدِكَ إِلَيْكَ، وَكَذلِكَ اللهُ ـ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ـ إِنَّمَا يَأْخُذُ مِنَ الْوَالِدِ وَغَيْرِهِ أَزْكى مَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِهِ لِيُعْظِمَ بِهِ أَجْرَ الْمُصَابِ بِالْمُصِيبَةِ، فَأَعْظَمَ اللهُ أَجْرَكَ، وَأَحْسَنَ عَزَاكَ، وَرَبَطَ عَلى قَلْبِكَ؛ إِنَّهُ قَدِيرٌ، وَعَجَّلَ اللهُ عَلَيْكَ بِالْخَلَفِ، وَأَرْجُو أَنْ يَكُونَ اللهُ قَدْ فَعَلَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ تَعَالى ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ibn Mihran who said,

‘Abu Ja’farasws the 2nd wrote to a man: ‘You mentioned your difficulties (bereavement) with your son Ali, and mentioned that he was the most beloved of your children to you, and like that does Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Take from the parent and other the most pure of the one in the presence of the family in order to Magnify the Recompense of the bereavement by it, by the bereavement. Therefore, may Allahazwj Magnify your Recompense, and Grant the best of the comforts, and attachment upon your heart, and may Allahazwj Hasten upon you with the successor, and Iasws am hoping that Allahazwj would have done so, Allahazwj , the Exalted, Willing’. 97

71 - بَابُ ثَوَابِ مَنْ عَزّى حَزِيناً‌

Chapter 71 – Rewards of the one who comforts one in grief

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ، عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، عَنْ آبَائِهِعليهم‌السلام ، قَالَ: « قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم : مَنْ عَزّى حَزِيناً، كُسِيَ فِي الْمَوْقِفِ حُلَّةً يُحَبَّرُ بِهَا ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny,

from Abu Abdullahasws , from hisasws forefathersasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘The one who comforts one in grief would be clothed in such a garment in the Pausing (Day of Judgement) he would be beautified with’.98

2. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ وَهْبٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم : مَنْ عَزّى مُصَاباً، كَانَ لَهُ مِثْلُ أَجْرِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَنْتَقِصَ مِنْ أَجْرِ الْمُصَابِ شَيْئاً ».

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from his father, from Wahab,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘The one who consoles a bereaved one would have for him the like of his Recompense without there being a reduction of anything from the Recompense of the bereaved’. 99

72 - بَابُ الْمَرْأَةِ تَمُوتُ وَفِي بَطْنِهَا صَبِيٌّ يَتَحَرَّكُ‌

Chapter 72 – The woman dies and in her belly is a moving child

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام فِي الْمَرْأَةِ تَمُوتُ، وَيَتَحَرَّكُ الْوَلَدُ فِي بَطْنِهَا، أَيُشَقُّ بَطْنُهَا، وَيُخْرَجُ الْوَلَدُ؟ قَالَ: فَقَالَ: « نَعَمْ، وَيُخَاطُ بَطْنُهَا ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of his companions,

from Abu Abdullahasws regarding the dying woman and the child is moving in her belly, should her belly be split and the child taken out?’ So heasws said: ‘Yes, and her belly would be stitched’.100

2. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ وَهْبِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَعليه‌السلام : إِذَا مَاتَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ وَفِي بَطْنِهَا وَلَدٌ يَتَحَرَّكُ، فَيُتَخَوَّفُ عَلَيْهِ، فَشُقَّ بَطْنُهَا، وَأُخْرِجَ الْوَلَدُ ». وَقَالَ فِي الْمَرْأَةِ يَمُوتُ وَلَدُهَا فِي بَطْنِهَا، فَيُتَخَوَّفُ عَلَيْهَا، قَالَ: « لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يُدْخِلَ الرَّجُلُ يَدَهُ، فَيُقَطِّعَهُ، وَيُخْرِجَهُ إِذَا لَمْ تَرْفُقْ بِهِ النِّسَاءُ ».

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from wahab Bin Wahab,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Amir Al Momineenasws said: ‘When the woman dies and in her belly is a moving child, and it is feared upon him, so split open her belly and take out the child’.

And heasws said regarding the dying woman, and her child is inside her belly, so it is feared upon her: ‘There is no problem if the man (her husband) inserts his hand, cuts it off and extracts it, when the women are not gentle with it’. 101

73 - بَابُ غُسْلِ الْأَطْفَالِ وَالصِّبْيَانِ وَالصَّلَاةِ عَلَيْهِمْ‌

Chapter 73 – Washing the children and boys, and the Salaat upon them

1. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُوسى، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « السِّقْطُ إِذَا تَمَّ لَهُ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ، غُسِّلَ ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Musa, from Zurara,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The miscarried child, when four months are completed for it, would be washed (prior to burial)’.102

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ وَ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الصَّبِيِّ: مَتى يُصَلّى عَلَيْهِ؟ قَالَ: « إِذَا عَقَلَ الصَّلَاةَ ». قُلْتُ: مَتى تَجِبُ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَيْهِ ؟ فَقَالَ: « إِذَا كَانَ ابْنَ سِتِّ سِنِينَ، وَالصِّيَامُ إِذَا أَطَاقَهُ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad Bin Usman, from Al Halby and Zurara,

from Abu Abdullahasws having been asked about theSalaat upon the boys, when shouldSalaat be prayed upon him?’ Heasws said: ‘When he has reasoning, theSalaat (would be prayed)’. I said, ‘When would theSalaat be Obligated upon him?’ So heasws said: ‘When he was a son of six years of age; and the Fasting is when he can endure it’.103

3. عَلِيٌّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ ابْناً لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام فِي حَيَاةِ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ـ يُقَالُ لَهُ: عَبْدُ اللهِ ـ فَطِيمٌ قَدْ دَرَجَ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: يَا غُلَامُ، مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي إِلى جَنْبِكَ لِمَوْلًى لَهُمْ؟ فَقَالَ: هذَا مَوْلَايَ، فَقَالَ‌ لَهُ الْمَوْلى ـ يُمَازِحُهُ ـ: لَسْتُ لَكَ بِمَوْلًى، فَقَالَ: ذلِكَ شَرٌّ لَكَ، فَطَعَنَ فِي جِنَازَةِ الْغُلَامِ، فَمَاتَ، فَأُخْرِجَ فِي سَفَطٍ إِلَى الْبَقِيعِ، فَخَرَجَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام وَعَلَيْهِ جُبَّةُ خَزٍّ صَفْرَاءُ، وَعِمَامَةُ خَزٍّ صَفْرَاءُ، وَمِطْرَفُ خَزٍّ أَصْفَرُ، فَانْطَلَقَ يَمْشِي إِلَى الْبَقِيعِ وَهُوَ مُعْتَمِدٌ عَلَيَّ، وَالنَّاسُ يُعَزُّونَهُ عَلَى ابْنِ ابْنِهِ. فَلَمَّا انْتَهى إِلَى الْبَقِيعِ، تَقَدَّمَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام فَصَلّى عَلَيْهِ وَكَبَّرَ عَلَيْهِ أَرْبَعاً، ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِهِ فَدُفِنَ، ثُمَّ أَخَذَ بِيَدِي فَتَنَحّى بِي، ثُمَّ قَالَ: « إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ يُصَلّى عَلَى الْأَطْفَالِ، إِنَّمَا كَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ـ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ ـ يَأْمُرُ بِهِمْ، فَيُدْفَنُونَ مِنْ وَرَاءُ، وَلَايُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِمْ، وَإِنَّمَا صَلَّيْتُ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ؛ كَرَاهِيَةَ أَنْ يَقُولُوا: لَايُصَلُّونَ عَلى أَطْفَالِهِمْ ».

Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Umar Bin Azina, from Zurara who said,

‘I saw a son of Abu Abdullahasws during the lifetime of Abu Ja’farasws called Abdullah Fateym having had approached, So I said to him, ‘O boy! Who is that one by your side’, to a slave of theirs. So he said, ‘This is my slave’. So the slave said to him, jesting with him, ‘I am not a slave of yours’. So he said, ‘That is worse for you’.

So the boy was stabbed in a funeral and he died. So they brought him out in a basket, to Al Baqi’e (a cemetery). So Abu Ja’farasws came out and upon himasws was a coat of yellow Khazz (a material), and a turban of yellow Khazz, and a shawl of yellow Khazz. So heasws went walking to Al Baqi’e and heasws was leaning upon me and the people were consoling himasws upon a son of hisasws sonasws .

So when he ended up to Al Baqi’e, Abu Ja’farasws went forward to praySalaat upon him, and heasws exclaimed fourTakbeers upon him, then ordered for him, and he was buried. Then heasws grabbed my hand and isolated with me, then said: ‘TheSalaat did not happen to be upon the children, and rather, Amir Al Momineenasws used to order with them, and they were buried afterwards, andSalaat was not prayed upon them. But rather, Iasws prayedSalaat upon him due to the people of Al Medina, dislking that they should be saying, ‘They are not prayingSalaat upon their children’’.104

4. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ وَالْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ، عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: مَاتَ ابْنٌ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام فَأُخْبِرَ بِمَوْتِهِ، فَأَمَرَ بِهِ، فَغُسِّلَ وَكُفِّنَ وَمَشى مَعَهُ وَصَلّى عَلَيْهِ وَطُرِحَتْ خُمْرَةٌ، فَقَامَ عَلَيْهَا، ثُمَّ قَامَ عَلى قَبْرِهِ حَتّى فَرَغَ مِنْهُ، ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ وَانْصَرَفْتُ مَعَهُ حَتّى إِنِّي لَأَمْشِي مَعَهُ، فَقَالَ: « أَمَا إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ يُصَلّى عَلى مِثْلِ هذَا ـ وَكَانَ ابْنَ ثَلَاثِ سِنِينَ ـ كَانَ عَلِيٌّعليه‌السلام يَأْمُرُ بِهِ، فَيُدْفَنُ وَلَايُصَلّى عَلَيْهِ، وَلكِنَّ النَّاسَ صَنَعُوا شَيْئاً، فَنَحْنُ نَصْنَعُ مِثْلَهُ ». قَالَ: قُلْتُ: فَمَتى تَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ ؟ فَقَالَ: « إِذَا عَقَلَ الصَّلَاةَ » وَكَانَ ابْنَ سِتِّ سِنِينَ. قَالَ: قُلْتُ: فَمَا تَقُولُ فِي الْوِلْدَانِ؟ فَقَالَ: « سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم عَنْهُمْ، فَقَالَ: اللهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا كَانُوا عَامِلِينَ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Khalid, and Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Yahya Bin Imran, from Ibn Muskan, from Zurara who said,

‘A son of Abu Ja’farasws died and heasws was informed of his death. So heasws ordered with him to be washed and shrouded, and heasws walked with him, and prayedSalaat upon him, and a prayer mat was placed for him. So heasws stood upon it then stood at his grave, then was free from him. The heasws left and I left with himasws until I walked along with himasws .

So heasws said: ‘But, theSalaat is not performed upon the likes of this one, and he was a boy of three years old. Aliasws used to order with it, so he would be buried, and there would be noSalaat upon him, but the people are doing something, so weasws are doing similar to it’.

He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘So when is theSalaat Obligated upon him?’ So heasws said: ‘When he has intellect for theSalaat, and was a boy six years of age’. I said, ‘So what are youasws saying regarding the children?’. So heasws said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww was asked about them, so hesaww said: ‘Allahazwj is more Knowing with what they were doing (during their lifetime)’.105

5. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ زُرْعَةَ، عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ السِّقْطِ إِذَا اسْتَوى خَلْقُهُ: يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ الْغُسْلُ وَاللَّحْدُ وَالْكَفَنُ؟ قَالَ: « كُلُّ ذلِكَ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Ismail, Usman Bin Isa, from Zur’at, from Sama’at,

from Abu Al Hassanasws the 1st, said, ‘I asked himasws about the miscarried child, when its creation is established, does it Obligate upon him the washing, and the chasm (Lahad) , and the shroud. So heasws said: ‘All that is Obligated upon him’.106

6. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ، قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام أَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ السِّقْطِ: كَيْفَ يُصْنَعُ بِهِ؟ فَكَتَبَعليه‌السلام إِلَيَّ: « السِّقْطُ يُدْفَنُ بِدَمِهِ فِي مَوْضِعِهِ ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ai Bin Mihran, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazl who said,

‘I wrote to Abu Ja’farasws asking himasws about the miscarried child, how to deal with him. So heasws wrote to me: ‘The miscarried child would be buried with its blood, in its place (straight away)’.107

7. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مُوسىعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « إِنَّهُ لَمَّا قُبِضَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، جَرَتْ فِيهِ ثَلَاثُ سُنَنٍ: أَمَّا وَاحِدَةٌ، فَإِنَّهُ لَمَّا مَاتَ انْكَسَفَتِ الشَّمْسُ، فَقَالَ النَّاسُ: انْكَسَفَتِ الشَّمْسُ لِفَقْدِ ابْنِ رَسُولِ اللهِ، فَصَعِدَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم الْمِنْبَرَ، فَحَمِدَ اللهَ، وَأَثنى عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ، إِنَّ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ آيَتَانِ مِنْ آيَاتِ اللهِ، يَجْرِيَانِ بِأَمْرِهِ، مُطِيعَانِ لَهُ، لَايَنْكَسِفَانِ لِمَوْتِ أَحَدٍ وَلَالِحَيَاتِهِ، فَإِنِ انْكَسَفَتَا أَوْ وَاحِدَةٌ‌ مِنْهُمَا، فَصَلُّوا. ثُمَّ نَزَلَ عَنِ الْمِنْبَرِ، فَصَلّى بِالنَّاسِ صَلَاةَ الْكُسُوفِ، فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ، قَالَ: يَا عَلِيُّ، قُمْ، فَجَهِّزِ ابْنِي، فَقَامَ عَلِيٌّعليه‌السلام ، فَغَسَّلَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَحَنَّطَهُ وَكَفَّنَهُ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ بِهِ، وَمَضى رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم حَتَّى انْتَهى بِهِ إِلى قَبْرِهِ، فَقَالَ النَّاسُ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم نَسِيَ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ عَلى إِبْرَاهِيمَ لِمَا دَخَلَهُ مِنَ الْجَزَعِ عَلَيْهِ، فَانْتَصَبَ قَائِماً، ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ، أَتَانِي جَبْرَئِيلُعليه‌السلام بِمَا قُلْتُمْ، زَعَمْتُمْ أَنِّي نَسِيتُ أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ عَلَى ابْنِي لِمَا دَخَلَنِي مِنَ الْجَزَعِ، أَلَا وَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ كَمَا ظَنَنْتُمْ، وَلكِنَّ اللَّطِيفَ الْخَبِيرَ فَرَضَ عَلَيْكُمْ خَمْسَ صَلَوَاتٍ، وَجَعَلَ‌ لِمَوْتَاكُمْ مِنْ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ تَكْبِيرَةً، وَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ لَا أُصَلِّيَ إِلاَّ عَلى مَنْ صَلّى. ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا عَلِيُّ انْزِلْ، فَأَلْحِدِ ابْنِي، فَنَزَلَ، فَأَلْحَدَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي لَحْدِهِ، فَقَالَ النَّاسُ: إِنَّهُ لَايَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ فِي قَبْرِ وَلَدِهِ؛ إِذْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم : يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ، إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ بِحَرَامٍ أَنْ تَنْزِلُوا فِي قُبُورِ أَوْلَادِكُمْ، وَلكِنِّي لَسْتُ آمَنُ ـ إِذَا حَلَّ أَحَدُكُمُ الْكَفَنَ عَنْ وَلَدِهِ ـ أَنْ يَلْعَبَ بِهِ الشَّيْطَانُ، فَيَدْخُلَهُ عِنْدَ ذلِكَ مِنَ الْجَزَعِ مَا يُحْبِطُ أَجْرَهُ، ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Amro Bin Saeed, from Ali Bin Abdullah who said,

‘I heard Abu Al Hassan Musaasws saying that when Ibrahimas sonas of Rasool-Allahsaww passed away, three Sunnahs flowed with regards to it. As for one - so when heas passed away the sun was eclipsed, and the people said, ‘The sun is eclipsed due to Rasool-Allahsaww losing a son’. So Rasool-Allahsaww ascended the Pulpit, and hesaww Praised Allahazwj Lauded Himazwj , then said: ‘O you peope! The sun and the mon are two Signs of Allahazwj from the Signs of Allahazwj , both flowing by Hisazwj Command, obedient to Himazwj . They do not get eclipsed for the death of anyone nor for his life. Thus, if both of them were to be eclipsed, or one of the two, so praySalaat’ .

Then hesaww descended from the Pulpit and hesaww prayedSalaat with the people,Salaat of the eclipse. So when hesaww greeted, said: ‘O Aliasws ! Arise and prepare mysaww sonas !’ So Aliasws arose and washed Ibrahimas , and embalmed himas , and enshrouded himas , then came out with himas , and Rasool-Allahsaww went until hesaww ended up with himas to hisas grave.

So the people said, ‘Rasool-Allahsaww forgot to praySalaat upon Ibrahimas when the panic entered upon himsaww . So hesaww stood up straight, then said: ‘O you people! Jibraeelas came to mesaww with what you all said. You are alleging that Isaww forgot to praySalaat upon mysaww sonas due to what entered into mesaww from the panic. Indeed! And it is not as you are thinking it to be, but the Kind, the Informed Necessitated fiveSalaats upon you, and Made to be upon your deceased, oneTakbeer from eachSalaat, and Commanded mesaww that Isaww should not praySalaat except upon the one who did praySalaat’ .

Then hesaww said: ‘O Aliasws ! Descend and (dig the) chasm (Lahad) for mysaww sonas ’. So heas laid Ibrahimas in hisas chasm (Lahad) . So the people said, ‘It is not befitting for anyone that he should descend in a grave of his son, when Rasool-Allahsaww did not do so’. So Rasool-Allahsaww said to them: ‘O you people! It is not Prohibited upon you that you should be descending into the graves of your children, but there is no security if one of you were to loosen the shroud from his son if the Satanla were to play with him, so the panic would enter upon him what would cause his Recompense to be confiscated’. Then hesaww left’.108

8. عَلِيٌّ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ شِيرَةَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ حُسَيْنٍ الْحَرْشُوشِ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : إِنَّ النَّاسَ يُكَلِّمُونَا، وَيَرُدُّونَ عَلَيْنَا قَوْلَنَا: إِنَّهُ لَايُصَلّى عَلَى الطِّفْلِ؛ لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يُصَلِّ، فَيَقُولُونَ: لَايُصَلّى إِلاَّ عَلى مَنْ صَلّى؟ فَنَقُولُ: نَعَمْ، فَيَقُولُونَ: أَرَأَيْتُمْ، لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلاً نَصْرَانِيّاً أَوْ يَهُودِيّاً أَسْلَمَ، ثُمَّ مَاتَ مِنْ سَاعَتِهِ، فَمَا الْجَوَابُ فِيهِ ؟ فَقَالَ: « قُولُوا لَهُمْ: أَرَأَيْتَ لَوْ أَنَّ هذَا الَّذِي أَسْلَمَ السَّاعَةَ، ثُمَّ افْتَرى عَلى إِنْسَانٍ، مَا كَانَ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ فِي فِرْيَتِهِ؟ فَإِنَّهُمْ سَيَقُولُونَ: يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ، فَإِذَا قَالُوا هذَا، قِيلَ لَهُمْ: فَلَوْ أَنَّ هذَا الصَّبِيَّ الَّذِي لَمْ يُصَلِّ افْتَرى عَلى إِنْسَانٍ هَلْ كَانَ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ؟ فَإِنَّهُمْ سَيَقُولُونَ: لَا، فَيُقَالُ لَهُمْ: صَدَقْتُمْ، إِنَّمَا يَجِبُ أَنْ يُصَلّى عَلى مَنْ وَجَبَتْ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالْحُدُودُ، وَلَايُصَلّى عَلى مَنْ لَمْ تَجِبْ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَلَا الْحُدُودُ ».

Ali, from Ali Bin Saheyra, from Muhammad Bin Suleyman, from Husayn Al Harshous, from Hisham Bin Salim who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘The people are speaking against us and are refuting our words thatSalaat is not to be prayed upon the childen because they did no praySalaat, except upon the ones who did praySalaat. So we are saying, Yes’. So they are saying, ‘What is your view if a Christian or a Jewish man were to become a Muslim, then dies at that time, what would be the answer with regards to it?’

So heasws said: ‘Say to them, ‘What is your view if this one who did become a Muslim, then at that time were to forge a lie against a person, what (Punishment) would be Obligated upon him regarding his forgery?’ So if they would be saying, ‘The legal Punishment (Hadd) would be Obligated upon him’. So if they do say this, say to them, ‘So if this child who did not praySalaat were to forge a lie against a person, would the legal Punishment (Hadd) be Obligation upon him?’ So if they are saying, ‘No’, then it would be said to them, ‘You are speaking the truth. But rather, it is Obligated for him to be prayedSalaat upon the one whom theSalaat and the legal Punishments were Obligated upon, and he would not be prayedSalaat upon, the one whom neither theSalaat nor the legal Punishments (Hadds ) were Obligated upon’. 109

74 - بَابُ الْغَرِيقِ وَالْمَصْعُوقِ

Chapter 74 – The drowned and the one struck by lightning

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ: عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِعليه‌السلام فِي الْمَصْعُوقِ وَالْغَرِيقِ، قَالَ: « يُنْتَظَرُ بِهِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ، إِلاَّ أَنْ‌ يَتَغَيَّرَ قَبْلَ ذلِكَ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Al Hakam,

from Abu Al Hassanasws the 1st regarding the one struck by lightning and the drowned. Heasws said: ‘They would be awaited with for three days except if (their state) were to alter before that’.110

2. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْغَرِيقِ: أَيُغَسَّلُ؟ قَالَ: « نَعَمْ، وَيُسْتَبْرَأُ ». قُلْتُ: وَكَيْفَ يُسْتَبْرَأُ؟ قَالَ: « يُتْرَكُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُدْفَنَ، وَكَذلِكَ أَيْضاً صَاحِبُ الصَّاعِقَةِ؛ فَإِنَّهُ رُبَّمَا ظَنُّوا أَنَّهُ مَاتَ وَلَمْ يَمُتْ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Sayf Bin Umeyra, from Is’haq Bin Ammar who said,

‘I asked himasws about the drowned, would he be washed (prior to burial)?’ Heasws said: ‘Yes, and he would be absolved’. I said, ‘And how would he be absolved?’ Heasws said: ‘He would be left for three days before he is buried; and similar to that is the one struck by lightning, for he, perhaps they think he is dead and he has not died’.111

3. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ، عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « كَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: الْغَرِيقُ يُغَسَّلُ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Amir Al Momineenasws was saying: ‘The drowned one would be washed (prior to burial)’.112

4. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ، عَنْ عَمَّارٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « الْغَرِيقُ يُحْبَسُ حَتّى يَتَغَيَّرَ، وَيُعْلَمَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ مَاتَ، ثُمَّ يُغَسَّلُ، وَيُكَفَّنُ ». قَالَ: وَسُئِلَ عَنِ الْمَصْعُوقِ، فَقَالَ: « إِذَا صُعِقَ حُبِسَ يَوْمَيْنِ، ثُمَّ يُغَسَّلُ وَيُكَفَّنُ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Ahmad Bin Al Hassan, from Amro Bin Saeed, from Musaddaq Bin Sadaqa, from Ammar,

from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The drowned one would be withheld until his (state) changes, and it is known that he is dead. Then he would be washed and enshrouded’.

He (the narrator) said, ‘And heasws was asked about the one struck by lightning, so heasws said: ‘He would be withheld for two days, then he would be washed and enshrouded’.113

5. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْخَالِقِ أَخِي شِهَابِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « خَمْسٌ يُنْتَظَرُ بِهِمْ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَتَغَيَّرُوا: الْغَرِيقُ، وَالْمَصْعُوقُ، وَالْمَبْطُونُ، وَالْمَهْدُومُ، وَالْمُدَخَّنُ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from Ismail Bin Abdul Khaliq a brother of Shihaab Bin Abd Rabbih who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘Five would be awaited with them unless they alter – (the one who) drowned, and the onestruck by lightning, and the one suffering from intenstinal ailments, and the one crushed, and one subjected to fumes’.114

6. أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ، قَالَ: أَصَابَ بِمَكَّةَ سَنَةً مِنَ السِّنِينَ صَوَاعِقُ كَثِيرَةٌ مَاتَ مِنْ ذلِكَ خَلْقٌ كَثِيرٌ، فَدَخَلْتُ عَلى أَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَعليه‌السلام ، فَقَالَ ـ مُبْتَدِئاً مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ أَسْأَلَهُ ـ: « يَنْبَغِي لِلْغَرِيقِ وَالْمَصْعُوقِ أَنْ يُتَرَبَّصَ بِهِ ثَلَاثاً لَايُدْفَنُ، إِلاَّ أَنْ تَجِي‌ءَ مِنْهُ رِيحٌ تَدُلُّ عَلى مَوْتِهِ ». قُلْتُ: جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ، كَأَنَّكَ تُخْبِرُنِي أَنَّهُ قَدْ دُفِنَ نَاسٌ كَثِيرٌ أَحْيَاءً؟ فَقَالَ: « نَعَمْ يَا عَلِيُّ، قَدْ دُفِنَ نَاسٌ كَثِيرٌ أَحْيَاءً مَا مَاتُوا إِلاَّ فِي قُبُورِهِمْ ».

Ahmad Bin Mihran, from Muhammad Bin Ali, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza who said,

‘The people at Makkah were hit by a lot of lightning during a year from the year. A lot of people died from that. So I went over to Abu Ibrahimasws (7th Imamasws ), and heasws said initiating from without me asking himasws : ‘It is befitting for the drowned one and the one struck by lightning that they should be awaited with for three (days) not being buried exept if a smell comes out from him evidencing upon his death’. I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for youasws ! It is as if youasws are informing me that a lot of the people have been buried alive!’. So heasws said: ‘Yes, O Ali! A lot of people have been buried alive. They did not died except inside their graves’. 115

75 - بَابُ الْقَتْلى‌

Chapter 75 – The killed

1. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنِ‌الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنِ الَّذِي يُقْتَلُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ: أَيُغَسَّلُ وَيُكَفَّنُ وَيُحَنَّطُ ؟ قَالَ: « يُدْفَنُ كَمَا هُوَ فِي ثِيَابِهِ، إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ بِهِ رَمَقٌ ثُمَّ مَاتَ؛ فَإِنَّهُ يُغَسَّلُ وَيُكَفَّنُ وَيُحَنَّطُ، وَيُصَلّى عَلَيْهِ؛ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم صَلّى عَلى حَمْزَةَ، وَكَفَّنَهُ؛ لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ قَدْ جُرِّدَ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Al Husayn Bin Usman, from Ibn Muskan, from Aban Bin Taghlib who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about the one who is killed in the Way of Allahazwj , should he be washed, and enshrouded, and embalmed?’ Heasws said: ‘He would be buried just as he is in his cothes, except if there happens to be some breath (still left) in him, then he dies. So he would be washed, and enshrouded, and embalmed, and he would be prayedSalaat upon. Rasool-Allahsaww prayedSalaat upon Hamzaas and enshrouded himas because heas was stripped’.116

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ وَزُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ: كَيْفَ رَأَيْتَ، الشَّهِيدُ يُدْفَنُ بِدِمَائِهِ؟ قَالَ: « نَعَمْ، فِي ثِيَابِهِ بِدِمَائِهِ، وَلَايُحَنَّطُ، وَلَايُغَسَّلُ، وَيُدْفَنُ كَمَا هُوَ ». ثُمَّ قَالَ: « دَفَنَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم عَمَّهُ حَمْزَةَ فِي ثِيَابِهِ بِدِمَائِهِ الَّتِي أُصِيبَ فِيهَا، وَرَدَّاهُ النَّبِيُّصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم بِرِدَاءٍ، فَقَصُرَ عَنْ رِجْلَيْهِ، فَدَعَا لَهُ بِإِذْخِرٍ، فَطَرَحَهُ عَلَيْهِ، وَصَلّى عَلَيْهِ سَبْعِينَ صَلَاةً، وَكَبَّرَ عَلَيْهِ سَبْعِينَ تَكْبِيرَةً ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from Ismail Bin Jabir and Zurara,

from Abu Ja’farasws , said, ‘I said to himasws , ‘How do youasws view the martyr, should he be buried with his blood?’ Heasws said: ‘Yes, in his clothes with his blood, and he would neither be embalmed nor washed, and he would be buried just as he is’.

Then heasws said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww buried hissaww uncle Hamzaas in hisas clothes with hisas blood which heas had been struck in, and the Prophetsaww cloaked himas with hissaww own cloak, but it was short from hisas legs. So hesaww called for lemongrass for himasws and placed it upon himas , and prayedSalaat upon himas , and exclaimedTakbeer upon himas with seventyTakbeers’ .117

3. حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ، عَنْ أَبَانٍ، عَنْ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « الشَّهِيدُ إِذَا كَانَ بِهِ رَمَقٌ، غُسِّلَ وَكُفِّنَ وَحُنِّطَ وَصُلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ، وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ بِهِ رَمَقٌ، دُفِنَ فِي أَثْوَابِهِ ».

Humeyd Bin Ziyad, from Al Hassan Bin Muhammad, from someone else, from Aban, from Abu Maryam who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullahasws saying: ‘The martyr, when he was (still with some) breath, would be washed, and enshrouded, and embalmed, and would be prayedSalaat upon; and if he was not with any breath, would be buried in his clothes’.118

4. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي الْجَوْزَاءِ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُلْوَانَ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ، عَنْ آبَائِهِعليهم‌السلام ، قَالَ: « قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ: يُنْزَعُ عَنِ الشَّهِيدِ: الْفَرْوُ، وَالْخُفُّ، وَالْقَلَنْسُوَةُ، وَالْعِمَامَةُ، وَالْمِنْطَقَةُ، وَالسَّرَاوِيلُ، إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَصَابَهُ دَمٌ، فَإِنْ أَصَابَهُ دَمٌ تُرِكَ، وَلَايُتْرَكُ عَلَيْهِ شَيْ‌ءٌ مَعْقُودٌ إِلاَّ حُلَّ ».

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from his father, from Abu Al Jawza, from Al Husayn Bin Ulwan, from Amro Bin Khalid, from Zayd Bin Ali,

from his forefathersasws having said: ‘Amir Al Momineenasws aid: ‘Remove from the martyr, the fur (coat), and the shoes, and the beret, and the turban, and the belt, and the trouser, unless if this has been hit by the blood. So if the blood has hit it, it would be left, and there would not be left upon him anything tight, except that it would be loosened’.119

5. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ، عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « الَّذِي يُقْتَلُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ يُدْفَنُ فِي ثِيَابِهِ، وَلَا يُغَسَّلُ، إِلاَّ أَنْ يُدْرِكَهُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَبِهِ رَمَقٌ، ثُمَّ يَمُوتَ بَعْدُ؛ فَإِنَّهُ يُغَسَّلُ وَيُكَفَّنُ وَيُحَنَّطُ؛ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم كَفَّنَ حَمْزَةَ فِي ثِيَابِهِ، وَلَمْ يُغَسِّلْهُ، وَلكِنَّهُ صَلّى عَلَيْهِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Mahboub, from Ibn Sinan, from Aban Bin Taghlub who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullahasws saying: ‘The one who has been killed in the Way of Allahazwj would be buried in his clothes, and he would not be washed except if the Muslims had come across him and he still had some breath (left in him). Then if he were to die afterwards, so he would be washed, and enshrouded, and embalmed. Rasool-Allahsaww enshrouded Hamzaas in hisas clothes, and did not wash himas , but hesaww prayedSalaat upon himas ’. 120

76 - بَابُ أَكِيلِ السَّبُعِ وَالطَّيْرِ وَالْقَتِيلِ يُوجَدُ بَعْضُ جَسَدِهِ وَالْحَرِيقِ

Chapter 76 – The one devoured by the predatory wild animals, and the birds, and the one killed and part of his body is found, and the incinerated

1. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنِ الْعَمْرَكِيِّ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ: عَنْ أَخِيهِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَأْكُلُهُ السَّبُعُ وَالطَّيْرُ، فَتَبْقى عِظَامُهُ بِغَيْرِ لَحْمٍ: كَيْفَ يُصْنَعُ بِهِ؟ قَالَ: « يُغَسَّلُ وَيُكَفَّنُ وَيُصَلّى عَلَيْهِ وَيُدْفَنُ، وَإِذَا كَانَ الْمَيِّتُ نِصْفَيْنِ، صُلِّيَ عَلَى‌ النِّصْفِ الَّذِي فِيهِ الْقَلْبُ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Al Amraky,

from Ali son of Ja’farasws , from his brotheras Abu Al Hassanasws , said, ‘I asked himasws about the man eaten by the predatory wild animals, and the bird, so his bones remained without any flesh, how should he be dealt with?’ Heasws said: ‘He would be washed, and enshrouded, and he would be prayedSalaat upon, and he would be buried; and when the deceased was in two halves,Salaat would be prayed upon that half in which was the heart’.121

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ، عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا قُتِلَ قَتِيلٌ، فَلَمْ يُوجَدْ إِلاَّ لَحْمٌ بِلَا عَظْمٍ، لَمْ يُصَلَّ عَلَيْهِ؛ وَإِنْ وُجِدَ عَظْمٌ بِلَا لَحْمٍ، صُلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ ». قَالَ: وَرُوِيَ: « أَنَّهُ لَايُصَلّى عَلَى الرَّأْسِ إِذَا أُفْرِدَ مِنَ الْجَسَدِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, from Jameel Bin Darraj, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,

from Abu Ja’far (as.) having said: ‘When a killed one is killed and he is not found with except for the flesh with no bones to it, he would not be prayedSalaat upon; and if bones are found without flesh, he would be prayedSalaat upon’.122

He (the narrator) said, ‘And it is reported that one should not praySalaat upon the head, when it is isolated from the body’.123

3. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا وُجِدَ الرَّجُلُ قَتِيلاً، فَإِنْ وُجِدَ لَهُ عُضْوٌ تَامٌّ، صُلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ وَدُفِنَ؛ وَإِنْ لَمْ يُوجَدْ لَهُ عُضْوٌ تَامٌّ، لَمْ يُصَلَّ عَلَيْهِ وَدُفِنَ ».

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from his father, from one of his companions,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘When the man is found to have been killed, and if his body parts are found completed, he would be prayedSalaat upon and buried; but if his body parts are not found to be complete, he would not be prayedSalaat upon and would be buried’.124

4. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ نُوحٍ رَفَعَهُ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا قُطِعَ مِنَ الرَّجُلِ قِطْعَةٌ، فَهُوَ مَيْتَةٌ، وَإِذَا مَسَّهُ الرَّجُلُ، فَكُلُّ مَا كَانَ فِيهِ عَظْمٌ فَقَدْ وَجَبَ عَلى مَنْ مَسَّهُ الْغُسْلُ؛ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ عَظْمٌ، فَلَا غُسْلَ عَلَيْهِ ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ayoub Bin Nuh, raising it (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘When a piece is cut off from the man, so it is dead, and and when the (other) man touches it, so every (piece) what had a bone in it, so it would Obligate the washing upon the one who touches it, and if there does not happen to be abone in it, so there is no washing upon him’.125

5. سَهْلٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا وُسِّطَ الرَّجُلُ نِصْفَيْنِ، صُلِّيَ عَلَى الَّذِي فِيهِ الْقَلْبُ ».

Sahl, from Abdullah Bin Al Husayn, from one of his companions,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: 'When the man is cut in the middle into two halves,Salaat would be prayed upon that in which is the heart’.126

6. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الْجَوْزَاءِ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُلْوَانَ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ، عَنْ آبَائِهِعليهم‌السلام ، قَالَ: « قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ـ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ ـ وَسُئِلَ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَحْتَرِقُ بِالنَّارِ، فَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَصُبُّوا عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءَ صَبّاً، وَأَنْ‌ يُصَلّى عَلَيْهِ ».

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Abu Al Jowza, from Al Husayn Bin Ulwaan, from Amro Bin Khalid, from Zayd Bin Ali,

(It has been narrated) from his forefathersasws having said: ‘AmirAl-Momineen asws wa s asked about the man who was incinerated by the fire, so heasws ordered them that they should pour water upon him with a pouring, and then praySalaat upon him’.127

7. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَعْبَدٍ، عَنِ الدِّهْقَانِ، عَنْ دُرُسْتَ، عَنْ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، قَالَ: اغْسِلْ كُلَّ شَيْ‌ءٍ مِنَ الْمَوْتَى: الْغَرِيقِ، وَأَكِيلِ السَّبُعِ، وَكُلَّ شَيْ‌ءٍ إِلاَّ مَا قُتِلَ بَيْنَ الصَّفَّيْنِ، فَإِنْ كَانَ بِهِ رَمَقٌ غُسِّلَ، وَإِلاَّ فَلَا.

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ali Bin Ma’bad, from Al Dahqan, from Dorost, from Abu Khalid,

‘Heasws said, ‘Everything from the drowned deceased would be washed, and the one eaten by the predatory wild animals, and everything except who is killed between two swords. So if he was still with breath, he would be washed, or else, so no’. 128

77 - بَابُ مَنْ يَمُوتُ فِي السَّفِينَةِ وَلَايُقْدَرُ عَلَى الشَّطِّ أَوْ يُصَابُ وَهُوَ عُرْيَانٌ‌

Chapter 77 – The ones who are dying in the ship and it is not able upon (getting to the) coast, or he is struck (by death) and he is nude

1. أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ؛ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيى، عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ الْحُرِّ، قَالَ: سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَاتَ فِي سَفِينَةٍ فِي الْبَحْرِ: كَيْفَ يُصْنَعُ بِهِ؟ قَالَ: « يُوضَعُ فِي خَابِيَةٍ، وَيُوكى رَأْسُهَا، وَيُطْرَحُ فِي الْمَاءِ ».

Abu Ali Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, and Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Al Fazl Bin Shazaan, altogether from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Ibn Muskan, from Ayoub Bin Al Hurr who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws was asked about a man who died in a ship in the sea, how would he be dealt with. Heasws said: ‘He would be placed in a barrel and its opening sealed off, and he would be thrown into the sea’.129

2. حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ، عَنْ أَبَانٍ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي الرَّجُلِ يَمُوتُ مَعَ الْقَوْمِ فِي الْبَحْرِ، فَقَالَ: « يُغَسَّلُ وَيُكَفَّنُ وَيُصَلّى عَلَيْهِ، وَيُثْقَلُ، وَيُرْمى بِهِ فِي الْبَحْرِ ».

Humeyd Bin Ziyad, from Al Hassan Bin Muhammad, from someone else, from Aban, from a man,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said regarding the man who dies with the group in the sea, so heasws said: ‘He should be washed, and enshrouded, andSalaat would be prayed over him, and weight (tied to him), and he would be thrown into the sea’.130

3. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ رَفَعَهُ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: إِذَا مَاتَ الرَّجُلُ فِي السَّفِينَةِ، وَلَمْ يُقْدَرْ عَلَى الشَّطِّ، قَالَ: « يُكَفَّنُ وَيُحَنَّطُ وَيُلَفُّ فِي ثَوْبٍ، وَيُلْقى فِي الْمَاءِ ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad,

(It has been narrated) raising it from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘When the man dies in the ship and it is not able upon (getting to the) coast, he should be enshrouded, and embalmed, and wrapped in a cloth, and would be cast into the sea’.131

4. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ، عَنْ مَرْوَانَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ مُوسى، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : مَا تَقُولُ فِي قَوْمٍ كَانُوا فِي سَفَرٍ، فَهُمْ يَمْشُونَ عَلى سَاحِلِ الْبَحْرِ، فَإِذَا هُمْ بِرَجُلٍ مَيِّتٍ عُرْيَانٍ قَدْ لَفَظَهُ الْبَحْرُ وَهُمْ عُرَاةٌ، لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمْ إِلاَّ إِزَارٌ، كَيْفَ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ عُرْيَانٌ، وَلَيْسَ مَعَهُمْ فَضْلُ ثَوْبٍ يُكَفِّنُونَهُ فِيهِ ؟ قَالَ: « يُحْفَرُ لَهُ، وَيُوضَعُ فِي لَحْدِهِ، وَيُوضَعُ اللَّبِنُ عَلى عَوْرَتِهِ لِتَسْتُرَ عَوْرَتُهُ بِاللَّبِنِ، ثُمَّ يُصَلّى عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ يُدْفَنُ ». قَالَ: قُلْتُ: فَلَا يُصَلّى عَلَيْهِ إِذَا دُفِنَ؟ قَالَ: « لَا، لَايُصَلّى عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ بَعْدَ مَا يُدْفَنُ، وَلَايُصَلّى عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ عُرْيَانٌ حَتّى تُوَارى عَوْرَتُهُ ».

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, from Marwan Bin Muslim, from Ammar Bin Musa who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘What are youasws saying regarding a group who were in a journey, so they were walking upon the coast of the sea, and they came across a dead man, nude, the sea having washing him ashore, and they were semi-naked, not having upon them except for the trousers. How should they be prayingSalaat upon him and he is nude, and there is no excess (clothing) with them to enshroud him in?’

Heasws said: ‘A pit would be dug out for him and he would be placed in his chasm (Lahad) , placing a brick/stone upon his private part in order to veil his private part with the brick/stone. Then they should praySalaat upon him, then he should be buried’.

He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘So they should not be prayingSalaat upon him when he is buried?’ You cannot praySalaat upon the deceased after he is buried, nor can you praySalaat upon him and he is nude until you cover his private part’. 132

78 - بَابُ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمَصْلُوبِ وَالْمَرْجُومِ وَالْمُقْتَصِّ مِنْهُ‌

Chapter 78 – The Salaat upon the crucified, and the stoned, and the one killed in (legal) retaliation from it

1. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ شَمُّونٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمنِ، عَنْ مِسْمَعٍ كِرْدِينٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « الْمَرْجُومُ وَالْمَرْجُومَةُ يُغَسَّلَانِ وَيُحَنَّطَانِ، وَيُلْبَسَانِ الْكَفَنَ قَبْلَ ذلِكَ، ثُمَّ يُرْجَمَانِ، وَيُصَلّى عَلَيْهِمَا، وَالْمُقْتَصُّ مِنْهُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ ذلِكَ يُغَسَّلُ وَيُحَنَّطُ، وَيُلْبَسُ الْكَفَنَ، وَيُصَلّى عَلَيْهِ ».

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Shamoun, from Abdullah Bin Abdul Rahman, from Misma’a Kirdeyn,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The stoned man and the stoned woman should both be washed, and embalmed, and enshrouded before that, then they would be stoned, andSalaat would be prayed upon them; and the one killed in (legal) retaliation would be at that status. He would be washed, and embalmed, and enshrouded, andSalaat would be prayed upon him’.133

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِي هَاشِمٍ الْجَعْفَرِيِّ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الرِّضَاعليه‌السلام عَنِ الْمَصْلُوبِ؟ فَقَالَ: « أَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ جَدِّيعليه‌السلام صَلّى عَلى عَمِّهِ؟ » قُلْتُ: أَعْلَمُ ذَاكَ، وَلكِنِّي لَا أَفْهَمُهُ مُبَيَّناً. فَقَالَ: « أُبَيِّنُهُ لَكَ، إِنْ كَانَ وَجْهُ الْمَصْلُوبِ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ، فَقُمْ عَلى مَنْكِبِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ؛ وَإِنْ كَانَ قَفَاهُ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ، فَقُمْ عَلى مَنْكِبِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ؛ فَإِنَّ بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ قِبْلَةً؛ وَإِنْ كَانَ مَنْكِبُهُ الْأَيْسَرُ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ، فَقُمْ عَلى مَنْكِبِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ؛ وَإِنْ كَانَ مَنْكِبُهُ الْأَيْمَنُ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ، فَقُمْ عَلى مَنْكِبِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ، وَكَيْفَ كَانَ مُنْحَرِفاً فَلَا تُزَايِلْ مَنَاكِبَهُ، وَلْيَكُنْ وَجْهُكَ إِلَى مَا بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ، وَلَاتَسْتَقْبِلْهُ، وَلَاتَسْتَدْبِرْهُ أَلْبَتَّةَ ». قَالَ أَبُو هَاشِمٍ: وَقَدْ فَهِمْتُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ، فَهِمْتُهُ وَاللهِ.

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Abu Hashim Al Ja’fary who said,

‘I askedAl-Reza asws about the crucified one. So heasws said: ‘But, do you know that myasws grandfatherasws prayedSalaat upon hisasws uncle?’ I said, ‘I know that, but I do not understand it clearly’. Heasws said: ‘Iasws shall clarify it for you. If the face of the crucified one was towards theQiblah, so stand by his right shoulder; and if his back towards theQiblah, so stand by his left shoulder. So if theQiblah was between the east and the west, and if his left shoulder was towards theQiblah, so stand upon his right shoulder, and if his right shoulder was towards theQiblah, so stand by his left shoulder.

And howsoever he was inclined, do not cease to be by his shoulder, and let your face be towards what is between the east and the west, and do not face towards him nor face away from his back’. Abu Hashim (the narrator) said, ‘And I have understood it, Allahazwj Willing! I understood it, by Allahazwj !’.134

3. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ، عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ، عَنِ الْيَعْقُوبِيِّ، عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُيَسِّرٍ، عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ، عَنِ‌ السَّكُونِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم : لَاتُقِرُّوا الْمَصْلُوبَ بَعْدَ ثَلَاثَةٍ حَتّى يُنْزَلَ وَيُدْفَنَ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Al Abbas Bin Marouf from Al Yaqouby, from Musa Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Muyassar, from Haroun Bin Al Jahm, from Al Sakuny,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘Do not let the crucified one be left after three (days), until he is brought down and buried’. 135

79 - بَابُ مَا يَجِبُ عَلَى الْجِيرَانِ لِأَهْلِ الْمُصِيبَةِ وَاتِّخَاذِ الْمَأْتَمِ‌

Chapter 79 – What is Obligated upon the neighbour of the bereaved, and adopting the mourning

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ وَ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « لَمَّا قُتِلَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍعليه‌السلام ، أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم فَاطِمَةَعليها‌السلام أَنْ تَتَّخِذَ طَعَاماً لِأَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ عُمَيْسٍ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ، وَتَأْتِيَهَا وَنِسَاءَهَا، فَتُقِيمَ عِنْدَهَا ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ، فَجَرَتْ بِذلِكَ السُّنَّةُ أَنْ يُصْنَعَ لِأَهْلِ الْمُصِيبَةِ طَعَامٌ ثَلَاثاً ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hafs Bin Al Bakhtary, from Hisham Bin Salim,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘When Ja’far Bin Abu Talibas was killed, Rasool-Allahsaww ordered Syeda Fatimaasws that sheasws should take some food to Asma Bint Umays for three days, and get herasws womenfolk to go to her, and they should stay in her presence, for three days running. Thus the Sunnah flowed with that, that food be made for the bereaved for three days’.136

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « يُصْنَعُ لِأَهْلِ الْمَيِّتِ مَأْتَمٌ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ يَوْمِ مَاتَ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from Zurara,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘The mourning should be done for the deceased for three days, from the day he died’.137

3. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ سَعْدَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ: عَنْ‌أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « يَنْبَغِي لِجِيرَانِ صَاحِبِ الْمُصِيبَةِ أَنْ يُطْعِمُوا الطَّعَامَ عَنْهُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ ».

Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Ahmad Bin Is’haq, from Sa’dan, from Abu Baseer,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘It is befitting for the neighbour of the bereaved that he should feed him the food for three days’.138

4. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ، قَالَ: أَوْصى أَبُو جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام بِثَمَانِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ لِمَأْتَمِهِ، وَكَانَ يَرى ذلِكَ مِنَ السُّنَّةِ؛ لِأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم قَالَ: « اتَّخِذُوا لِآلِ جَعْفَرٍ طَعَاماً؛ فَقَدْ شُغِلُوا ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, or someone else who said,

‘Abu Ja’farasws bequeathed with three hundred Dirhams for mourning himasws , and heasws used to view that to be from the Sunnah, because Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘Take food to the family of Ja’faras , for they are too pre-occupied (with their grief)’.139

5. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْكَاهِلِيِّ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِعليه‌السلام : إِنَّ امْرَأَتِي وَامْرَأَةَ ابْنِ مَارِدٍ تَخْرُجَانِ فِي الْمَأْتَمِ، فَأَنْهَاهُمَا، فَتَقُولُ لِيَ امْرَأَتِي: إِنْ كَانَ حَرَاماً، فَانْهَنَا عَنْهُ حَتّى نَتْرُكَهُ؛ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ حَرَاماً، فَلِأَيِّ شَيْ‌ءٍ تَمْنَعُنَاهُ ؟ فَإِذَا مَاتَ لَنَا مَيِّتٌ لَمْ يَجِئْنَا أَحَدٌ؟ قَالَ: فَقَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِعليه‌السلام : « عَنِ الْحُقُوقِ تَسْأَلُنِي؟ كَانَ أَبِيعليه‌السلام يَبْعَثُ أُمِّي وَأُمَّ فَرْوَةَ تَقْضِيَانِ حُقُوقَ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Abdullah Al Kahily who said,

‘I said to AbuAl-Hassan asws , ‘My wife and the wife of Ibn Marid both (wanted to) go out for the mourning, but I forbade them. So my wife said to me, ‘If it was Prohibited, so forbid us from it until we leave it; and if it was not Prohibited, so for which thing are you forbidding us? So when one of us dies, no one would come to us’. So AbuAl-Hassan asws said : ‘You are asking me about the rights. Myasws fatherasws used to send myasws motherasws and Umm Farwaas to fulfil the rights of the people ofAl-Medina’. 140

6. أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْكُوفِيُّ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُمْهُورٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ عليه‌السلام: قَالَ: وَحَدَّثَنَا الْأَصَمُّ، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ عليه‌السلام، قَالَ: « قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ: مُرُوا أَهَالِيَكُمْ‌ بِالْقَوْلِ الْحَسَنِ عِنْدَ مَوْتَاكُمْ؛ فَإِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ ـ سَلَامُ اللهِ عَلَيْهَا ـ لَمَّا قُبِضَ أَبُوهَا صلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم أَسْعَدَتْهَا بَنَاتُ هَاشِمٍ، فَقَالَتِ: اتْرُكْنَ التَّعْدَادَ، وَعَلَيْكُنَّ بِالدُّعَاءِ ».

Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Kufy, from Ibn Jamhour, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Al Mufazzal Bin Umar,

from Abu Abdullahasws ,

and Al Asam, from Hareyz, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘AmirAl-Momineen asws sa id: ‘Instruct your family members with (speaking) the good words when someone from you dies, for Syeda Fatimaasws , when herasws fathersaww passed away, the daughters of Hashimas supported herasws , so sheasws said: ‘Leave the supporting (eulogies) but you must pray (to Allahazwj )’.141