Alhassanain(p) Network for Heritage and Islamic Thought

بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحيمِ

[12]

كِتَابُ الصَّلَاةِ‌

THE BOOK OF SALĀ T (1)

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم الحمد لله رب العالمين، وصلى الله على سيدنا محمد وآله الطاهرين، وسلم تسليما

In the Name of Allahazwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. The Praise is for Allahazwj Lordazwj of the Worlds, and Blessing be upon our Chief Muhammadsaww and hissaww Purified Progenyasws , and greetings with abundant greetings.

1 - بَابُ فَضْلِ الصَّلَاةِ‌

Chapter 1 – The merit of (Salāt)

1. قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْكُلَيْنِيُّ مُصَنِّفُ هذَا الْكِتَابِرحمه‌الله : حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنْ أَفْضَلِ مَا يَتَقَرَّبُ بِهِ الْعِبَادُ إِلى رَبِّهِمْ، وَأَحَبِّ ذلِكَ إِلَى اللهِ ـ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ـ مَا هُوَ؟ فَقَالَ: « مَا أَعْلَمُ شَيْئاً بَعْدَ الْمَعْرِفَةِ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ هذِهِ الصَّلَاةِ: أَلَاتَرى أَنَّ الْعَبْدَ الصَّالِحَ عِيسَى بْنَ مَرْيَمَعليه‌السلام قَالَ:( وَأَوْصانِي بِالصَّلاةِ وَالزَّكاةِ ما دُمْتُ حَيًّا ) ».

Muhammad Bin Yaqoub Al Kulayni, the author of this book, may Allahazwj have Mercy on him, says, ‘Muhammad Bin Yahya narrated to me, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Mhaboub, from Muawiya Bin Wahab who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about the most superior of what would cause the servants to be closer to their Lordazwj and the most Beloved of that to Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic, ‘What is it?’ So heasws said: ‘Iasws do not know of anything, after the recognition (of theWilayah) , anything more superior than thisSalāt. Do you not see that the righteous servant Isaas Bin Maryamas said: ‘[19:31] And He has Made me Blessed wherever I may be, and He has Enjoined upon me with theSalāt (Prayer) and theZakāt for as long as I live’?’1

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ خَارِجَةَ، عَنْ زَيْدٍ الشَّحَّامِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: « أَحَبُّ الْأَعْمَالِ إِلَى اللهِ ـ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ـ الصَّلَاةُ، وَهِيَ آخِرُ وَصَايَا الْأَنْبِيَاءِعليهم‌السلام ، فَمَا أَحْسَنَ الرَّجُلَ يَغْتَسِلُ أَوْ يَتَوَضَّأُ، فَيُسْبِغُ الْوُضُوءَ، ثُمَّ يَتَنَحّى حَيْثُ لَايَرَاهُ أَنِيسٌ، فَيُشْرِفُ عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ رَاكِعٌ أَوْ سَاجِدٌ: إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ إِذَا سَجَدَ فَأَطَالَ السُّجُودَ، نَادى إِبْلِيسُ: يَا وَيْلَاهْ، أَطَاعَ وَعَصَيْتُ، وَسَجَدَ وَأَبَيْتُ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from Haroun Bin Kharja, from Zayd Al Shahham,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws , said, ‘I heard himasws saying: ‘The most beloved of deeds to Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic is theSalāt, and it is the last of the bequests of the Prophetsas . So what is better for the man than he washes or performsWuzu (ablution), so he accomplishes theWuzu, then he steps aside where no person can see him, and Heazwj Watches him and he is eitherRukū orSajdah? The servant, when he performsSajdah, and prolongs theSajdah (prostration), Ibleesla calls out, ‘O woe! He obeys and Ila disobeyed, and he performsSajdah and Ila refused’.2

3. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ الرِّضَاعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « أَقْرَبُ مَا يَكُونُ الْعَبْدُ مِنَ اللهِ ـ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ـ وَهُوَ سَاجِدٌ: وَذلِكَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ:( وَاسْجُدْ وَاقْتَرِبْ ) ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Al Washha who said,

‘I heardAl-Reza asws saying : ‘The servant cannot happen to be (any) closer to Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic than when he is performingSajdah, and these are the Words of the Mighty and Majestic [96:19] and make obeisance and get closer (to Allah)’.3

4. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ خَلِيفَةَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « إِذَا قَامَ الْمُصَلِّي إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ، نَزَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ الرَّحْمَةُ مِنْ أَعْنَانِ السَّمَاءِ إِلى أَعْنَانِ الْأَرْضِ، وَحَفَّتْ بِهِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ، وَنَادَاهُ مَلَكٌ: لَوْ يَعْلَمُ‌ هذَا الْمُصَلِّي مَا فِي الصَّلَاةِ، مَا انْفَتَلَ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from Yazeed Bin Khalifa who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullahasws saying: ‘When the praying one stands for theSalāt, the Mercy Descends upon him from the horizons of the sky to the horizons of the earth, and the Angels surround him, and an Angel Calls out: ‘Had this praying one known what is in theSalāt, he would not turn around (finish)’.4

5. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ، عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم : إِذَا قَامَ الْعَبْدُ الْمُؤْمِنُ فِي صَلَاتِهِ، نَظَرَ اللهُ إِلَيْهِ ـ أَوْ قَالَ: أَقْبَلَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ ـ حَتّى يَنْصَرِفَ، وَأَظَلَّتْهُ الرَّحْمَةُ مِنْ فَوْقِ رَأْسِهِ إِلى أُفُقِ السَّمَاءِ، وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ تَحُفُّهُ مِنْ حَوْلِهِ إِلى أُفُقِ السَّمَاءِ، وَوَكَّلَ اللهُ بِهِ مَلَكاً قَائِماً عَلى رَأْسِهِ يَقُولُ لَهُ: أَيُّهَا الْمُصَلِّي، لَوْ تَعْلَمُ مَنْ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْكَ وَمَنْ تُنَاجِي، مَا الْتَفَتَّ وَلَازِلْتَ مِنْ مَوْضِعِكَ أَبَداً ».

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Abu Hamza,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘When the believing servant stands regarding hisSalāt, Allahazwj Looks at him’, or said, ‘Allahazwj Turns towards him until he leaves, and the Mercy Shades him from above his head up to the horizons of the sky; and the Angels surround him from around him up to the horizons of the sky, and Allahazwj Allocates an Angel with him, standing upon his head, saying to him: ‘O you praying one! Had you known the Oneazwj Who is Looking at you, and the Oneazwj you are whispering to, you will not turn around nor cease to be in your place, ever’.5

6. أَبُو دَاوُدَ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ: عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَاعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « الصَّلَاةُ قُرْبَانُ كُلِّ تَقِيٍّ ».

Abu Dawood, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Muhammad Bin Al Fuzayl,

(It has been narrated) from AbuAl-Hassan Al-Reza asws having said: ‘TheSalāt is an offering of every pious one’.6

7. عَنْهُ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيى، عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « صَلَاةٌ فَرِيضَةٌ خَيْرٌ مِنْ عِشْرِينَ حَجَّةً، وَحَجَّةٌ خَيْرٌ مِنْ‌ بَيْتٍ مَمْلُوءٍ ذَهَباً يُتَصَدَّقُ مِنْهُ حَتّى يَفْنى ».

From him, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Ibn Muskan, from Ismai l Bin ammar, from Abu Baseer who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘TheSalāt is an Obligation, being better than twentyHajj; and aHajj is better than a house filled with gold given in charity until it depletes’.7

8. جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ فَضَالَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : أَنَّهُ قَالَ: « مَرَّ بِالنَّبِيِّصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم رَجُلٌ وَهُوَ يُعَالِجُ بَعْضَ حُجُرَاتِهِ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَلَا أَكْفِيكَ؟ فَقَالَ: شَأْنَكَ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ قَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم : حَاجَتُكَ ؟ قَالَ: الْجَنَّةُ، فَأَطْرَقَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، فَلَمَّا وَلّى قَالَ لَهُ: يَا عَبْدَ اللهِ، أَعِنَّا بِطُولِ السُّجُودِ ».

A group of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Fazalat, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘A man passed by the Prophetsaww and hesaww was repairing one of hissaww chambers, so he said, ‘O Rasool-Allahsaww ! Can I suffice (help) yousaww ?’ So hesaww said: ‘If you so like’. So when he was free, Rasool-Allahsaww said to him: ‘(What) is your need?’ He said, ‘The paradise’. So Rasool-Allahazwj remained silent, then said: ‘Yes (Granted)’. So when he turned around (to leave), hesaww said to him: ‘O servant of Allahazwj ! Assist ussaww by prolongingSajdah (theZakāt) ’’.8

9. أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ، عَنْ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ حُمْرَانَ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم : مَثَلُ الصَّلَاةِ مَثَلُ عَمُودِ الْفُسْطَاطِ، إِذَا ثَبَتَ الْعَمُودُ نَفَعَتِ الْأَطْنَابُ وَالْأَوْتَادُ وَالْغِشَاءُ، وَإِذَا انْكَسَرَ الْعَمُودُ لَمْ يَنْفَعْ طُنُبٌ، وَلَاوَتِدٌ، وَلَاغِشَاءٌ ».

Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, from Safwan, from Hamza Bin Humran, from Ubeyd Bin Zurara,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘An example of theSalāt is like an example of the pillars of the tent. When the pillars are firm, the ropes and the pegs and the covering would be of benefit; and when the pillars break, neither the ropes, nor the pegs, nor the covering would be of (any) benefit’.9

10. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عُمَرَ الْيَمَانِيِّ، عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام فِي قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ:( إِنَّ الْحَسَناتِ يُذْهِبْنَ السَّيِّئاتِ ) قَالَ: « صَلَاةُ الْمُؤْمِنِ بِاللَّيْلِ تَذْهَبُ بِمَا عَمِلَ مِنْ ذَنْبٍ بِالنَّهَارِ ».

Muhammad Bin Isamil, from Al Fazl Bin Shazan, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Ibrahim Bin Umar Al Yamani, from the one who narrated it,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws regarding the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [11:114] surely good deeds take away evil deeds. Heasws said: ‘ASalāt of the Believer at night erases the sins committed by him during the day’.10

11. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « مَنْ قَبِلَ اللهُ مِنْهُ صَلَاةً وَاحِدَةً، لَمْ يُعَذِّبْهُ: وَمَنْ قَبِلَ مِنْهُ حَسَنَةً، لَمْ يُعَذِّبْهُ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hafs Bin Al Bakhtary,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The one from whom Allahazwj Accepts oneSalāt, Heazwj would not Punish him, and the one from whom Heazwj Accepts a good deeds, Heazwj would not Punish him’’.11

12. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَيْفٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي مَنْ سَمِعَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « مَنْ صَلّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ يَعْلَمُ مَا يَقُولُ فِيهِمَا، انْصَرَفَ وَلَيْسَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ اللهِ ذَنْبٌ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Salma Bin Al Khattab, from Al Husayn Bin Sayf, from his father who said,

‘It was narrated to me from the one who heard Abu Abdullahasws saying: ‘The one who prays twoRak’at (Rak’ats) ofSalāt, knowing what he is saying in these two, would leave and there would not be between him and Allahazwj , a sin’.12

13. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ، عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم : الصَّلَاةُ مِيزَانٌ، مَنْ وَفّى اسْتَوْفى ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from his father, from Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from Al Sakuny,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘TheSalāt is a scale, the one who balances (it), would be Balanced with (on the Day of Judgement)’. 13

2 - بَابُ مَنْ حَافَظَ عَلى صَلَاتِهِ أَوْ ضَيَّعَهَا‌

Chapter 2 – The one who preserves upon his Salāt or wastes it

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمنِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ، عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ صَلَّيْتُ خَلْفَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام بِالْمُزْدَلِفَةِ، فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ الْتَفَتَ إِلَيَّ، فَقَالَ: « يَا‌ أَبَانُ، الصَّلَوَاتُ الْخَمْسُ الْمَفْرُوضَاتُ مَنْ أَقَامَ حُدُودَهُنَّ، وَحَافَظَ عَلى مَوَاقِيتِهِنَّ، لَقِيَ اللهَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَلَهُ عِنْدَهُ عَهْدٌ يُدْخِلُهُ بِهِ الْجَنَّةَ: وَمَنْ لَمْ يُقِمْ حُدُودَهُنَّ، وَلَمْ يُحَافِظْ عَلى مَوَاقِيتِهِنَّ، لَقِيَ اللهَ وَلَاعَهْدَ لَهُ، إِنْ شَاءَ عَذَّبَهُ، وَإِنْ شَاءَ غَفَرَ لَهُ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from Abdul Rahman Bin Al hakkan, from Aban Bin Taghlub who said,

‘I was prayingSalāt behind Abu Abdullahasws atAl-Muzdalifa. So w hen heasws finished, heasws turned around to me and said: ‘O Aban! The fiveSalāts are Obligatory. The one who establishes their limits and preserves upon their (Prescribed) timings would meet Allahazwj on the Day of Judgement, and for him would be, in Hisazwj Presence, a deed he would be entering the Paradise with; but the one who does not establish its limits and does not preserve upon its (Prescribed) timings, would meet Allahazwj and there would be no deed for him. If Heazwj so Desires to, Heazwj would Punish him, and if Heazwj so Desires to, Heazwj would Forgive him’.14

2. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ، عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ، قَالَ: صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام الْمَغْرِبَ بِالْمُزْدَلِفَةِ، فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ أَقَامَ الصَّلَاةَ، وَصَلَّى الْعِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةَ لَمْ يَرْكَعْ بَيْنَهُمَا، ثُمَّ صَلَّيْتُ مَعَهُ بَعْدَ ذلِكَ بِسَنَةٍ، فَصَلَّى الْمَغْرِبَ، ثُمَّ قَامَ فَتَنَفَّلَ بِأَرْبَعِ رَكَعَاتٍ، ثُمَّ أَقَامَ فَصَلَّى الْعِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةَ، ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَيَّ، فَقَالَ: « يَا أَبَانُ، هذِهِ الصَّلَوَاتُ الْخَمْسُ الْمَفْرُوضَاتُ مَنْ أَقَامَهُنَّ، وَحَافَظَ عَلى مَوَاقِيتِهِنَّ، لَقِيَ اللهَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَلَهُ عِنْدَهُ عَهْدٌ يُدْخِلُهُ بِهِ الْجَنَّةَ: وَمَنْ لَمْ يُصَلِّهِنَّ لِمَوَاقِيتِهِنَّ، وَلَمْ يُحَافِظْ عَلَيْهِنَّ، فَذَاكَ إِلَيْهِ، إِنْ شَاءَ غَفَرَ لَهُ، وَإِنْ شَاءَ عَذَّبَهُ ».

Al Husayn Bin Muhammad Al Ashary, from Abdullah Bin Aamir, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abdul Rahman Bin Al hajjaj, from Aban Bin Taghlub who said,

‘I prayed MaghribSalāt with Abu Abdullahasws atAl-Muzdalifa. So w hen heasws finished, heasws recited Iqamah of theSalāt and prayed the last Isha, not praying even oneRak’at between the two.

Then I prayedSalāt with himasws a year after that, so heasws prayedAl-Maghrib, then recited Iqaama and optionally prayed fourRak’at (Rak’ats) . Then heasws recited Iqamah and heasws prayed the last Isha. Then heasws turned around to me and heasws said: ‘O Aban! These fiveSalāts are Obligatory. The one who establishes these and preserves upon their (Prescribed) timings, will meet Allahazwj on the Day of Judgement, and for him would be, in Hisazwj Presence, a deed he would be entering the Paradise with; but the one who does not pray these in their (Prescribed) timings and does not preserve upon these, so that would be up to Himazwj . If Heazwj so Desires to Heazwj would Forgive him, and if Heazwj so Desires to, Heazwj would Punish him’.15

3. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِالرَّحْمنِ، عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: قِيلَ لَهُ ـ وَأَنَا حَاضِرٌ ـ: الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ فِي صَلَاتِهِ خَالِياً، فَيَدْخُلُهُ الْعُجْبُ ؟ فَقَالَ: « إِذَا كَانَ أَوَّلَ صَلَاتِهِ بِنِيَّةٍ يُرِيدُ بِهَا رَبَّهُ، فَلَا يَضُرُّهُ مَا دَخَلَهُ بَعْدَ ذلِكَ، فَلْيَمْضِ فِي صَلَاتِهِ، وَلْيَخْسَأِ الشَّيْطَانَ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhmmad Bin Isa, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from Yunus Bin Ammar,

from Abu Abdullahasws , said, ‘It was said to himasws and I was present, ‘The man happens to be in hisSalāt devoid (of negative feelings), and the ego enters into him’. So heasws said: ‘When it was the beginning of theSalāt his intention being intending for his Lordazwj , so whatever enters into him after that, it would not harm him. So let him continue in hisSalāt and let him debase Satanla ’.16

4. جَمَاعَةٌ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ فَضَالَةَ، عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « كُلُّ سَهْوٍ فِي الصَّلَاةِ يُطْرَحُ مِنْهَا غَيْرَ أَنَّ اللهَ تَعَالى يُتِمُّ بِالنَّوَافِلِ: إِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَا يُحَاسَبُ بِهِ الْعَبْدُ الصَّلَاةُ، فَإِنْ قُبِلَتْ قُبِلَ مَا سِوَاهَا: إِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ إِذَا ارْتَفَعَتْ فِي أَوَّلِ وَقْتِهَا، رَجَعَتْ إِلى صَاحِبِهَا وَهِيَ بَيْضَاءُ مُشْرِقَةٌ تَقُولُ: حَفِظْتَنِي حَفِظَكَ اللهُ، وَإِذَا ارْتَفَعَتْ فِي غَيْرِ وَقْتِهَا بِغَيْرِ حُدُودِهَا، رَجَعَتْ إِلى صَاحِبِهَا وَهِيَ سَوْدَاءُ مُظْلِمَةٌ تَقُولُ: ضَيَّعْتَنِي ضَيَّعَكَ اللهُ ».

A group, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Fazalat, from Husayn Bin Usman, from Sama’at, from Abu Baseer who said,

‘I heard Abu Ja’farasws saying: ‘Every mistake in theSalāt is dropped from it, apart from that Allahazwj the Exalted would Completed it with the optional (Salāt) . The first of what the servant would be Reckoned with is theSalāt, so if it is Accepted, what is besides it would be Accepted.

TheSalāt, when it is raised during the beginning of its (Prescribed) timing, returns to its owner and it is white, shining, saying: ‘You preserved me, may Allahazwj Protect you’; and when it is raised during other than its (prescribed) timing, without its limits, return to its owner at it is black, dark, saying: ‘You wasted me, may Allahazwj Waste you (your efforts)’.17

5. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ عَبْداً صَالِحاًعليه‌السلام عَنْ قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ:( الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَنْ صَلاتِهِمْ ساهُونَ ) ؟ قَالَ: « هُوَ التَّضْيِيعُ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad in Muhammad, from Al Husayn, from Muhammad Bin Al Fuzayl who said,

‘I asked AbdAl-Salih asws (7th Imamasws ) about the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [107:5] Who are unmindful of theirSalāts . Heasws said: ‘It is the wasting (of theSalāt) ’.18

6. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « بَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم جَالِسٌ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ إِذْ دَخَلَ رَجُلٌ، فَقَامَ يُصَلِّي، فَلَمْ يُتِمَّ رُكُوعَهُ وَلَاسُجُودَهُ، فَقَالَصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم : نَقَرَ كَنَقْرِ الْغُرَابِ، لَئِنْ مَاتَ هذَا وَهكَذَا صَلَاتُهُ، لَيَمُوتَنَّ عَلى غَيْرِ دِينِي ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Umar Bin Azina, from Zurara,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘While Rasool-Allahsaww was seated in theMasjid when a man entered. So he stood and prayedSalāt, and hesaww neither completed hisRukū nor hisSajdah. So hesaww said: ‘He pecks the like pecking of the crow. If this one were to die and this is how hisSalāt is, he would have died upon other than mysaww Religion’.19

7. عَنْهُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « قَالَ: لَاتَتَهَاوَنْ بِصَلَاتِكَ: فَإِنَّ النَّبِيَّصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم قَالَ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ: لَيْسَ مِنِّي مَنِ اسْتَخَفَّ بِصَلَاتِهِ، لَيْسَ مِنِّي مَنْ شَرِبَ مُسْكِراً، لَايَرِدُ عَلَيَّ الْحَوْضَ، لَاوَ اللهِ ».

From him, from his father, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from Zurara,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘Do not be careless with yourSalāt, for the Prophetsaww said during hissaww passing away: ‘He is not from mesaww , the one who belittles with hisSalāt; he is not from mesaww , the one who drinks an intoxicant. He would not be returning to measws at the Fountain, no by Allahazwj , (he won’t)’.20

8. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ، عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم : لَايَزَالُ الشَّيْطَانُ ذَعِراً مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِ مَا حَافَظَ عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسِ، فَإِذَا ضَيَّعَهُنَّ تَجَرَّأَ عَلَيْهِ، فَأَدْخَلَهُ فِي الْعَظَائِمِ ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws that Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘The Satanla does not cease to be alarmed from the Believer who has preserved upon the five (daily)Salāt. So when he wastes them, hela is audacious upon him, and hela enters him into the major sins’.21

9. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيى، عَنِ الْعِيصِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « وَاللهِ، إِنَّهُ لَيَأْتِي عَلَى الرَّجُلِ خَمْسُونَ سَنَةً وَمَا قَبِلَ اللهُ مِنْهُ صَلَاةً وَاحِدَةً، فَأَيُّ شَيْ‌ءٍ أَشَدُّ مِنْ هذَا؟ وَاللهِ، إِنَّكُمْ لَتَعْرِفُونَ مِنْ جِيرَانِكُمْ وَأَصْحَابِكُمْ مَنْ لَوْ كَانَ يُصَلِّي لِبَعْضِكُمْ مَا قَبِلَهَا مِنْهُ: لِاسْتِخْفَافِهِ بِهَا: إِنَّ اللهَ ـ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ـ لَايَقْبَلُ إِلاَّ الْحَسَنَ، فَكَيْفَ يَقْبَلُ مَا يُسْتَخَفُّ بِهِ؟! ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Al Ays Bin Al Qasim who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘By Allahazwj ! There could come upon the man, fifty years (of age) and not aSalāt is Accepted from him. So which thing is more difficult than this? By Allahazwj ! You know the ones in your neighbourhood and your companions, the one who, were to praySalāt from one of you, it would not be Accepted from him due to his belittling with it. Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic does not Accept but only pure, so how would Heazwj Accept what is belittled with?’22

10. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا قَامَ الْعَبْدُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ، فَخَفَّفَ صَلَاتَهُ، قَالَ اللهُ ـ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالى ـ لِمَلَائِكَتِهِ: أَمَا تَرَوْنَ إِلى عَبْدِي كَأَنَّهُ يَرى أَنَّ قَضَاءَ حَوَائِجِهِ بِيَدِ غَيْرِي؟ أَمَا يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ قَضَاءَ حَوَائِجِهِ بِيَدِي؟ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Hisham Bin Salim,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘When a servant stands regarding hisSalāt, so he takes hisSalāt lightly, Allahazwj Blessed and High Says to Hisazwj Angels: “Are you not looking at Myazwj servant? It is as if he is seeing the fulfilment of his needs to be in a hand other than Mineazwj . Does he not know that the fulfilment of his needs are in Myazwj Hand?’23

11. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ: وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا مَا أَدَّى الرَّجُلُ صَلَاةً وَاحِدَةً تَامَّةً، قُبِلَتْ جَمِيعُ صَلَاتِهِ وَإِنْ كُنَّ غَيْرَ تَامَّاتٍ، وَإِنْ أَفْسَدَهَا كُلَّهَا، لَمْ يُقْبَلْ مِنْهُ شَيْ‌ءٌ مِنْهَا، وَلَمْ يُحْسَبْ لَهُ نَافِلَةٌ وَلَافَرِيضَةٌ، وَإِنَّمَا تُقْبَلُ النَّافِلَةُ بَعْدَ قَبُولِ الْفَرِيضَةِ: وَإِذَا لَمْ يُؤَدِّ الرَّجُلُ الْفَرِيضَةَ، لَمْ يُقْبَلْ مِنْهُ النَّافِلَةُ، وَإِنَّمَا جُعِلَتِ النَّافِلَةُ لِيَتِمَّ بِهَا مَا أُفْسِدَ مِنَ الْفَرِيضَةِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad and Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Zuurara,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘When a man completes (the rituals) of aSalāt properly, all of his otherSalāt would be accepted; even though those may not be complete; and if he spoils all of them, nothing would be Accepted from these, and they would not be Reckoned for him, neither an optional nor an Obligatory one; and rather, an optional is (only accepted) after the Acceptance of the Obligatory (Salāt) . And when the man does not fulfil the Obligatory (Salāt) , the optional one would not be Accepted from him; and rather, they are to complete therewith the shortcomings of the obligatory ones.24

12. وَبِهذَا الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام عَنْ قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ:( الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَلى صَلاتِهِمْ يُحافِظُونَ ) ؟ قَالَ: « هِيَ الْفَرِيضَةُ ». قُلْتُ:( الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَلى صَلاتِهِمْ دائِمُونَ ) ؟ قَالَ: « هِيَ النَّافِلَةُ ».

And by this chain, from Hareyz, from Al Fuzayl who said,

‘I asked Abu Ja’farasws about the words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [23:9] And those who preserve their Prayers. Heasws said: ‘It is the Obligatory (Salāt) ’. I said, ‘[70:23] Those who are constant at theirSalāt? ’ Heasws said: ‘It is the optional’.25

13. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : قَوْلُهُ تَعَالى:( إِنَّ الصَّلاةَ كانَتْ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كِتاباً مَوْقُوتاً ) ؟ قَالَ: « كِتَاباً ثَابِتاً، وَلَيْسَ إِنْ عَجَّلْتَ قَلِيلاً، أَوْ أَخَّرْتَ قَلِيلاً بِالَّذِي يَضُرُّكَ مَا لَمْ تُضَيِّعْ تِلْكَ الْإِضَاعَةَ: فَإِنَّ اللهَ ـ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ـ يَقُولُ لِقَوْمٍ:( أَضاعُوا الصَّلاةَ وَاتَّبَعُوا الشَّهَواتِ فَسَوْفَ يَلْقَوْنَ غَيًّا ) ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Dawood Bin Farqad who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘The Words of the Exalted [4:103] surely theSalāt is a timed Ordinance for the Believers. Heasws said: ‘An affirmed Prescription, and it cannot be hastened a little nor delayed a little by which it would harm you for as long as you do not waste these with a wasting (not praying at all), for Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying to a people who wasted theSalāt [19:59] But there came after them an evil generation, who neglected Prayers and followed the lustful desires, so they will be meeting Ghayya (a revolving yellow (sulphuric) mountain in Hell)’.26

14. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ، عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ، عَنْ‌ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « أَيُّمَا مُؤْمِنٍ حَافَظَ عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ الْمَفْرُوضَةِ، فَصَلاَّهَا لِوَقْتِهَا، فَلَيْسَ هذَا مِنَ الْغَافِلِينَ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father from Ibn Mahboub, from Jameel Bin Darraj, from one of his companions,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘Whichever Believers is preserving upon the ObligatorySalāt, so he prays these upon their (Prescribed) timings, so this one is not from the oblivious (unaware) ones’.27

15. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْمَاعِيلَ السَّرَّاجِ، عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلُعليه‌السلام : « إِنَّهُ لَمَّا حَضَرَ أَبِيَ الْوَفَاةُ، قَالَ لِي: يَا بُنَيَّ، إِنَّهُ لَايَنَالُ شَفَاعَتَنَا مَنِ اسْتَخَفَّ بِالصَّلَاةِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Abu Ismail Al Sarraj, from Ibn Muskan, from Abu Baseer who said,

‘AbuAl-Hassan asws the 1st said: ‘When the death presented itself to myasws fatherasws , heasws said to measws : ‘Weasws will not extend ourasws intercession towards the one who takesSalāt’ lightly.28

16. مُحَمَّدٌ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ، عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ: عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِعليهما‌السلام ، قَالَ: « قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم : لِكُلِّ شَيْ‌ءٍ وَجْهٌ، وَوَجْهُ دِينِكُمُ الصَّلَاةُ: فَلَا يَشِينَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ وَجْهَ دِينِهِ، وَلِكُلِّ شَيْ‌ءٍ أَنْفٌ، وَأَنْفُ الصَّلَاةِ‌ التَّكْبِيرُ ».

Muhammad, from Sahl, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny,

(It has been narrated) from Ja’farasws , from hisasws fatherasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘For everything there is a face, and a face of your Religion is theSalāt, none of you should deface his Religion; and for everything there is a nose (pride), and a nose (pride) of theSalāt is the exclamation ofTakbīr’. 29

3- بَابُ فَرْضِ الصَّلَاةِ‌

Chapter 3 – Obligation of the Salāt

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى: وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى: وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام عَمَّا فَرَضَ اللهُ ـ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ـ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ؟ فَقَالَ: « خَمْسُ صَلَوَاتٍ فِي اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ ». فَقُلْتُ: فَهَلْ سَمَّاهُنَّ اللهُ وَبَيَّنَهُنَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ؟ قَالَ: « نَعَمْ، قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالى لِنَبِيِّهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم :( أَقِمِ الصَّلاةَ لِدُلُوكِ الشَّمْسِ إِلى غَسَقِ اللَّيْلِ ) وَدُلُوكُهَا زَوَالُهَا، فَفِيمَا بَيْنَ دُلُوكِ الشَّمْسِ إِلى غَسَقِ اللَّيْلِ أَرْبَعُ صَلَوَاتٍ سَمَّاهُنَّ اللهُ وَبَيَّنَهُنَّ وَوَقَّتَهُنَّ، وَغَسَقُ اللَّيْلِ هُوَ انْتِصَافُهُ. ثُمَّ قَالَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالى:( وَقُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ إِنَّ قُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ كانَ مَشْهُوداً ) فَهذِهِ الْخَامِسَةُ، وَقَالَ تَعَالى فِي ذلِكَ:( أَقِمِ الصَّلاةَ طَرَفَيِ النَّهارِ ) ـ وَطَرَفَاهُ الْمَغْرِبُ وَالْغَدَاةُ ـ( وَزُلَفاً مِنَ اللَّيْلِ ) وَهِيَ صَلَاةُ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ. وَقَالَ تَعَالى:( حافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَواتِ وَالصَّلاةِ الْوُسْطى ) وَهِيَ صَلَاةُ الظُّهْرِ، وَهِيَ أَوَّلُ صَلَاةٍ صَلاَّهَا رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم وَهِيَ وَسَطُ النَّهَارِ، وَوَسَطُ الصَّلَاتَيْنِ بِالنَّهَارِ: صَلَاةِ الْغَدَاةِ، وَصَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ. وَفِي بَعْضِ الْقِرَاءَةِ( حافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَواتِ وَالصَّلاةِ الْوُسْطى ) صَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ ـ( وَقُومُوا لِلّهِ قانِتِينَ ) ». قَالَ: « وَنَزَلَتْ هذِهِ الْآيَةُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَرَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم فِي سَفَرِهِ، فَقَنَتَ فِيهَا رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، وَتَرَكَهَا عَلى حَالِهَا فِي السَّفَرِ وَالْحَضَرِ، وَأَضَافَ لِلْمُقِيمِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ، وَإِنَّمَا وُضِعَتِ الرَّكْعَتَانِ اللَّتَانِ أَضَافَهُمَا النَّبِيُّصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ لِلْمُقِيمِ، لِمَكَانِ الْخُطْبَتَيْنِ مَعَ الْإِمَامِ: فَمَنْ صَلّى يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فِي غَيْرِ جَمَاعَةٍ، فَلْيُصَلِّهَا أَرْبَعَ‌ رَكَعَاتٍ كَصَلَاةِ الظُّهْرِ فِي سَائِرِ الْأَيَّامِ »

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad Bin Is and Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa and Muhammad Bin Ismail, fromAl-Fazl Bin Shazan , altogether from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Zurara who said,

‘I asked Abu Ja’farasws about what Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic had Obligated from theSalāt. So heasws said: ‘Five (sets of)Salāt during the night and the day’. So I said, ‘So has Heazwj Named these and Clarified these in Hisazwj Book?’ Heasws said: ‘Yes. Allahazwj the Exalted Said to Hisazwj Prophetsaww [17:78] Establish the Prayer from the declining of the sun till the darkness of the night. So in what is between the (start of the) decline of the sun up to the darkness of the night are fourRak’at Salāt. Allahazwj Named these and Clarified these and their timings; and the darkness of the night, it is its mid-point.

Then the Blessed and High Said [17:78] and the morning recitation; surely the recitation at dawn was always witnessed. So this is the fifth one. And Allahazwj the Exalted Says regarding that [11:114] And establish Prayer in the two parts of the day and in the first hours of the night. And its two parts are the Maghrib and the morning, and the first hours from the night, it is the last Isha. And the Exalted Said [2:238] Protect yourSalāt and the middleSalāt – and it is the ZohrSalāt, and it is the firstSalāt which Rasool-Allahsaww prayed, and it is in the middle of the day. And the middle twoSalāts by the day is the morningSalāt andSalāt Al-Asr. And in some recitations (of the Quran, the Verse is as) [2:238] Protect yourSalāt and the middleSalāt, Salāt Al-Asr, and stand up truly obedient to Allah’.

Heasws said: ‘And this Verse was Revealed on the day of Friday, and Rasool-Allahsaww was in hissaww journey. So Rasool-Allahsaww taught it and left it upon its state during the journey and not travelling, and increased twoRak’at for the non-traveller. And rather, the twoRak’at which the Prophetsaww increased on the day of Friday was in place of the two sermons with the prayer-leader. So the one who praysSalāt on the day of Friday in other than a Jam’at, so let him pray it as fourRak’at, like the ZohrSalāt during the rest of the days’.30

2. وَبِإِسْنَادِهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « كَانَ الَّذِي فَرَضَ اللهُ عَلَى الْعِبَادِ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ عَشْرَ رَكَعَاتٍ، وَفِيهِنَّ الْقِرَاءَةُ، وَلَيْسَ فِيهِنَّ وَهْمٌ ـ يَعْنِي سَهْواً ـ فَزَادَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم سَبْعاً، وَفِيهِنَّ الْوَهْمُ، وَلَيْسَ فِيهِنَّ قِرَاءَةٌ ».

And by his chain, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from Zurara,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘It was so, from theSalāts which Allahazwj Obligated upon the servants, as being tenRak’at, and in these are recitations, and there are no whims (allowed) therein, meaning the mistakes. So Rasool-Allahsaww increased seven (Rak’at) , and in these the whims (mistakes are allowed), and there is no recitation in these’.31

3. وَبِإِسْنَادِهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام : « فَرَضَ اللهُ الصَّلَاةَ، وَسَنَّ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم عَشَرَةَ أَوْجُهٍ: صَلَاةَ الْحَضَرِ وَالسَّفَرِ، وَصَلَاةَ الْخَوْفِ عَلى ثَلَاثَةِ أَوْجُهٍ، وَصَلَاةَ كُسُوفِ الشَّمْسِ وَالْقَمَرِ، وَصَلَاةَ الْعِيدَيْنِ، وَصَلَاةَ الِاسْتِسْقَاءِ، وَالصَّلَاةَ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ ».

And by his chain, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from Zurara who said,

‘Abu Ja’farasws said: ‘Allahazwj Necessitated theSalāt, and Rasool-Allahsaww established the Sunnah upon ten aspects –Salāt of the non-traveller, and the traveller, and theSalāt of fear being upon three aspects, andSalāt of the eclipse of the sun and the moon, andSalāt of the twoEids, and Salāt f or the rain, andSalāt upon the deceased’.32

4. حَمَّادٌ، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام فِي قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ:( إِنَّ الصَّلاةَ كانَتْ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كِتاباً مَوْقُوتاً ) : « أَيْ مَوْجُوباً ».

Hammad, from Hareyz, from Zurara,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws regarding the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [4:103] surely theSalāt was always a timed ordinance upon the Believers – i.e. Obligatory’.33

5. حَمَّادٌ، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام عَنِ الْفَرْضِ فِي الصَّلَاةِ؟ فَقَالَ: « الْوَقْتُ، وَالطَّهُورُ، وَالْقِبْلَةُ، وَالتَّوَجُّهُ، وَالرُّكُوعُ، وَالسُّجُودُ، وَالدُّعَاءُ ». قُلْتُ: مَا سِوى ذلِكَ؟ قَالَ: « سُنَّةٌ فِي فَرِيضَةٍ ».

Hammad, from Hareyz, from Zurara who said,

‘I asked Abu Ja’farasws about the necessities regarding theSalāt. So heasws said: ‘The timing, and the cleanliness, and theQiblah, and the concentration, and theRukū, and theSajdah, and the supplication’. I said, ‘What is besides that?’ Heasws said: ‘A Sunnah among the necessities’.34

6. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « لِلصَّلَاةِ أَرْبَعَةُ آلَافِ حَدٍّ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad Bin Isa,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘ForSalāt, there are four thousand limits’.

وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرى: « لِلصَّلَاةِ أَرْبَعَةُ آلَافِ بَابٍ ».

And in another report: ‘For theSalāt, there are four thousand doors (chapters)’.35

7. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « عَشْرُ رَكَعَاتٍ ـ: رَكْعَتَانِ مِنَ الظُّهْرِ، وَرَكْعَتَانِ مِنَ الْعَصْرِ، وَرَكْعَتَا الصُّبْحِ، وَرَكْعَتَا الْمَغْرِبِ، وَرَكْعَتَا الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ ـ لَايَجُوزُ الْوَهْمُ فِيهِنَّ، وَمَنْ وَهَمَ فِي شَيْ‌ءٍ مِنْهُنَّ، اسْتَقْبَلَ الصَّلَاةَ اسْتِقْبَالاً، وَهِيَ الصَّلَاةُ الَّتِي فَرَضَهَا اللهُ ـ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ـ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ، وَفَوَّضَ إِلى مُحَمَّدٍصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، فَزَادَ النَّبِيُّصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم فِي الصَّلَاةِ سَبْعَ رَكَعَاتٍ، وَهِيَ سُنَّةٌ لَيْسَ فِيهِنَّ قِرَاءَةٌ، إِنَّمَا هُوَ تَسْبِيحٌ وَتَهْلِيلٌ وَتَكْبِيرٌ وَدُعَاءٌ، فَالْوَهْمُ إِنَّمَا يَكُونُ فِيهِنَّ، فَزَادَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم فِي صَلَاةِ الْمُقِيمِ غَيْرِ الْمُسَافِرِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ: فِي الظُّهْرِ، وَالْعَصْرِ، وَالْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ، وَرَكْعَةً فِي الْمَغْرِبِ لِلْمُقِيمِ وَالْمُسَافِرِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Umar Bin Azina, from Zurara,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘TenRak’at (ofSalāt) are – twoRak’at fromAl-Zohr, and twoRak’at fromAl-Asr, and twoRak’at fromAl-Sub’h, and two Rak’at fromAl-Maghrib, and twoRak’at from the last Isha. The whims (mistakes) are not allowed in these, and the one who errs in something from these should welcome theSalāt with a welcoming (pray again); and it is theSalāt which Allahazwj and Majestic Necessitated upon the Believers in the Quran, and Delegated it to Muhammadsaww .

So the Prophetsaww increased in theSalāt by sevenRak’at, and it is the Sunnah in which there is no recitation. But rather, it is a Glorification, and Extollation of the Holiness, and the exclamation of the Greatness, and supplication. So the mistakes, rather can happen to be in these. So Rasool-Allahsaww increased in theSalāt of the stayer, (the one) not travelling, by twoRak’at duringAl-Zohr andAl-Asr, andAl-Isha the last, and oneRak’at inAl-Maghrib for the stayer as well as the traveller’.36

8. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « الصَّلَاةُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَثْلَاثٍ: ثُلُثٌ طَهُورٌ، وَثُلُثٌ رُكُوعٌ، وَثُلُثٌ سُجُودٌ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, from Al Halby,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘TheSalāt is of three (sections) – a third being cleanliness, and a third beingRukū, and a third beingSajdah’ . 37

4 - بَابُ الْمَوَاقِيتِ أَوَّلِهَا وَآخِرِهَا وَأَفْضَلِهَا‌

Chapter 4 – The timings – its beginning, and its ending, and the best of it

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ قَاعِداً عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام أَنَا وَحُمْرَانُ بْنُ أَعْيَنَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ حُمْرَانُ: مَا تَقُولُ فِيمَا يَقُولُ زُرَارَةُ وَقَدْ خَالَفْتُهُ فِيهِ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « مَا هُوَ؟ » قَالَ: يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ مَوَاقِيتَ الصَّلَاةِ كَانَتْ مُفَوَّضَةً إِلى رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم وهُوَ الَّذِي وَضَعَهَا، فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « فَمَا تَقُولُ أَنْتَ؟ » قُلْتُ: إِنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَعليه‌السلام أَتَاهُ فِي الْيَوْمِ الْأَوَّلِ بِالْوَقْتِ الْأَوَّلِ، وَفِي الْيَوْمِ الْأَخِيرِ بِالْوَقْتِ الْأَخِيرِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُعليه‌السلام : مَا بَيْنَهُمَا وَقْتٌ. فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « يَا حُمْرَانُ، إِنَّ زُرَارَةَ يَقُولُ: إِنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَعليه‌السلام إِنَّمَا جَاءَ مُشِيراً عَلى رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، وَصَدَقَ زُرَارَةُ، إِنَّمَا جَعَلَ اللهُ ذلِكَ إِلى مُحَمَّدٍصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، فَوَضَعَهُ، وَأَشَارَ جَبْرَئِيلُعليه‌السلام بِهِ عَلَيْهِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Umar Bin Azina, from Zurara who said,

‘I was seated in the presence of Abu Abdullahasws , I and Humran Bin Ayn. So Humran said to himasws , ‘What are youasws saying regarding what Zurara is saying, and I am differing with him with regards to it?’ So Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘What is it?’ He said, ‘He is alleging that the timings of theSalāt were delegated to Rasool-Allahsaww (to decide upon). Hesaww is the one who placed these’.

So Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘So what are you saying?’ I said, ‘Jibraeelas came to himsaww during the first day with the first timings, and during another day with the last of it. Then Jibraeelas said what the timings were in between the two’. So Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘O Humran! Zurara is saying that Jibraeelas came as an indicator to Rasool-Allahsaww , and Zurara speaks the truth. But rather, Allahazwj Made that to be for Muhammadsaww , and hesaww placed it, and Jibraeelas indicated with it to himsaww ’.38

2. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلاَّنٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى وَصَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيى، عَنْ رِبْعِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، عَنْ فُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِنَّ مِنَ الْأَشْيَاءِ أَشْيَاءَ مُوَسَّعَةً، وَأَشْيَاءَ مُضَيَّقَةً، فَالصَّلَاةُ مِمَّا وُسِّعَ فِيهِ، تُقَدَّمُ مَرَّةً، وَتُؤَخَّرُ أُخْرى، وَالْجُمُعَةُ مِمَّا ضُيِّقَ فِيهَا: فَإِنَّ وَقْتَهَا يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ سَاعَةُ تَزُولُ، وَوَقْتَ الْعَصْرِ فِيهَا وَقْتُ الظُّهْرِ فِي غَيْرِهَا ».

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Allan, from Hammad Bin Isa, and Safwan Bin Yahya, from Rabie Bin Abdullah, from Fuzayl Bin Yasaar,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘From the things there are things with leeway and things with constraints. So theSalāt is from what there is leeway in it. You can pray it (in its) early hours, or delay it to a later time; but the Friday (Salāt) is from that where there is a constraint in it, for its timing is the day of Friday, a time at midday, and the time forAl-Asr during it is the time ofAl-Zohr during other (days)’.39

3. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمنِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: « لِكُلِّ صَلَاةٍ وَقْتَانِ، وَأَوَّلُ الْوَقْتِ أَفْضَلُهُ، وَلَيْسَ لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ آخِرَ الْوَقْتَيْنِ وَقْتاً إِلاَّ فِي عُذْرٍ مِنْ غَيْرِ عِلَّةٍ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws , said, ‘I heard himasws saying: ‘For everySalāt are two timings, and the beginning time is superior; and it is not for anyone that he makes the last of the two timings as a timing except during an excuse from other than an illness’.40

4. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ أَوِ ابْنِ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « لِكُلِّ صَلَاةٍ وَقْتَانِ، أَوَّلُ الْوَقْتِ أَفْضَلُهُمَا ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Muawiya Bin Ammar, or Ibn Wahab who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘For everySalāt are two timings (its onset and its lapse part within a time frame) – (but) the onset time (ofSalāt) is the superior of the two’.41

5. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام : أَصْلَحَكَ اللهُ، وَقْتُ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ أَوَّلُ الْوَقْتِ أَفْضَلُ، أَوْ أَوْسَطُهُ، أَوْ آخِرُهُ؟ فَقَالَ: « أَوَّلُهُ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم قَالَ: إِنَّ اللهَ ـ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ـ يُحِبُّ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ مَا يُعَجَّلُ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Umar Bin Azina, from Zurara who said,

‘I said to Abu Ja’farasws , ‘May Allahazwj Keep youasws well! For eachSalāt, is the beginning time superior, or its middle, or its last?’ So heasws said: ‘Its beginning. Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Loves from the goodness what is hastened with’.42

6. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ قُتَيْبَةَ الْأَعْشى: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِنَّ فَضْلَ الْوَقْتِ الْأَوَّلِ عَلَى الْآخِرِ كَفَضْلِ الْآخِرَةِ عَلَى الدُّنْيَا ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Salma Bin Al Khattab, from Ali Bin Sayf Bin Ameyra, from his father, from Quteyba Al A’ash,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The merit of the beginning time upon the end time is like the merit of the Hereafter over the world’.43

7. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَزْدِيِّ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « لَفَضْلُ الْوَقْتِ الْأَوَّلِ عَلَى الْأَخِيرِ خَيْرٌ لِلرَّجُلِ مِنْ وَلَدِهِ وَمَالِهِ ».

Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Ahmad Bin Is’haq, from Bakr Bin Muhammad Al Azdy who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘Preferring the beginning time upon the last is better for the man than his children and his wealth’.44

8. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام : « اعْلَمْ أَنَّ أَوَّلَ الْوَقْتِ أَبَداً أَفْضَلُ، فَعَجِّلْ بِالْخَيْرِ مَا اسْتَطَعْتَ: وَأَحَبُّ الْأَعْمَالِ إِلَى اللهِ ـ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ـ مَا دَاوَمَ الْعَبْدُ عَلَيْهِ وَإِنْ قَلَّ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from Zurara who said,

‘Abu Ja’farasws said: ‘Know, that the beginning time will always be superior, so hasten with the goodness whatever you are able to; and the most Beloved of the deeds to Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic is what the servant persists upon even though it be a little’.45

9. أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ وَغَيْرُهُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِمَا: مَنِ اهْتَمَّ بِمَوَاقِيتِ الصَّلَاةِ، لَمْ يَسْتَكْمِلْ لَذَّةَ الدُّنْيَا ».

Ahmad Bin Idrees, and someone else, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from his father, from Mansour Bin Hazim, or someone else,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Aliasws BinAl-Husayn asws said : ‘The one who is attentive with the timings of theSalāt would never indulge into the pleasures of the world’. 46

5 - بَابُ وَقْتِ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ‌

Chapter 5 – The timing of Al-Zohr and Al-Asr

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ خَلِيفَةَ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : إِنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ حَنْظَلَةَ أَتَانَا عَنْكَ بِوَقْتٍ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « إِذاً لَايَكْذِبُ عَلَيْنَا ». قُلْتُ: ذَكَرَ أَنَّكَ قُلْتَ: إِنَّ أَوَّلَ صَلَاةٍ افْتَرَضَهَا اللهُ عَلى نَبِيِّهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم الظُّهْرُ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ:( أَقِمِ الصَّلاةَ لِدُلُوكِ الشَّمْسِ ) فَإِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ، لَمْ يَمْنَعْكَ إِلاَّ سُبْحَتُكَ، ثُمَّ لَاتَزَالُ فِي وَقْتٍ إِلى أَنْ يَصِيرَ الظِّلُّ قَامَةً، وَهُوَ آخِرُ الْوَقْتِ، فَإِذَا صَارَ الظِّلُّ قَامَةً، دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الْعَصْرِ، فَلَمْ يَزَلْ فِي وَقْتِ الْعَصْرِ حَتّى يَصِيرَ الظِّلُّ قَامَتَيْنِ، وَذلِكَ الْمَسَاءُ؟ فَقَالَ: « صَدَقَ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from Yazeed Bin Khaleefa who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘Umar Bin Hanzala came over to us from youasws with the timing’. So Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘Then, he would not have lied upon usasws ’. I said, ‘He mentioned that youasws said that the firstSalāt Allahazwj Necessitated upon Hisazwj Prophetsaww wasAl-Zohr, and these are the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [17:78] Establish the Prayer from the declining of the sun. So when the sun (starts to) decline, then nothing prevents you except for your Optional (Salāt) . Then you do not cease to be in the timing up to the upright shadow (same length as the upright object), and it is the end of the time. So when the shadow becomes upright, the time ofAl-Asr enters, and you do not cease to be in the time ofAl-Asr until the shadow comes to be of two upright statures (in length), and that is the evening’. So heasws said: ‘He spoke the truth’.47

2. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ حَنْظَلَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الظُّهْرِ، إِلاَّ أَنَّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهَا سُبْحَةً، وَذلِكَ إِلَيْكَ، إِنْ شِئْتَ طَوَّلْتَ، وَإِنْ شِئْتَ قَصَّرْتَ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Salama Bin Al Khattab, from Ali Bin Sayf Bin Ameyra, from his father, from Umar Bin Hanzala,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘When the sun (starts to) decline the time ofAl-Zohr enters except if there is Optional (Salāt) in front of it, and that is up to you. If you so desire to, prolong, and if you so desire to, shorten’.48

3. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ ذَرِيحٍ الْمُحَارِبِيِّ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : مَتى أُصَلِّي الظُّهْرَ؟ فَقَالَ: « صَلِّ الزَّوَالَ ثَمَانِيَةً، ثُمَّ صَلِّ الظُّهْرَ، ثُمَّ صَلِّ سُبْحَتَكَ ـ طَالَتْ أَوْ قَصُرَتْ ـ ثُمَّ صَلِّ الْعَصْرَ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Dareeh Al Muharby who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘When shall I prayAl-Zohr? ’ So heasws said: ‘Pray eight (Rak’at) ofSalāt then prayAl-Zohr. Then pray your Optional, prolonging or shortening, then prayAl-Asr’ .49

4. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ، عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ وَعُمَرَ بْنِ حَنْظَلَةَ وَمَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ، قَالُوا: كُنَّا نَقِيسُ الشَّمْسَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ بِالذِّرَاعِ، فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « أَلَا أُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِأَبْيَنَ مِنْ هذَا؟ إِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَقَدْ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الظُّهْرِ، إِلاَّ أَنَّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهَا سُبْحَةً، وَذلِكَ إِلَيْكَ، إِنْ شِئْتَ طَوَّلْتَ، وَإِنْ شِئْتَ قَصَّرْتَ ».

Al Husayn Bin Muhammad Al Ashary, from Abdullah Bin Aamir, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Al Husayn Bin Usman, from Ibn Muskan, from Al Haris Bin Al Mugheira, and Umar Bin Hanzala, and Mansour Bin Hazim who said,

‘We used to estimate the sun atAl-Medina with the (shadow being of a) cubit. So Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘Iasws shall notify you with (something) more clear than this. When the sun (starts to) decline, so the time forAl-Zohr has entered, unless in front of it is an Optional (Salāt) ; and that is up to you, if you so desire to, you prolong, and if you so desire to, you shorten’.

5. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَقَدْ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الصَّلَاتَيْنِ، إِلاَّ أَنَّ هذِهِ قَبْلَ هذِهِ ».

And Sa’ad reported from Musa Bin Al Hassan, from Al Hassan Bin Al Husayn Al Lului, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Al Haris Bin Al Mugheira Al Nazary and Umar Bin Hanzala, from Mansour – Similar to it, and in it is: ‘It is up to you. And if you would like to lighten your Optional (Salāt) , so (it is) when you are free from your Optional (Salāt) , and if you prolong it, so it is when you are from your Optional (Salāt) ’ (i.e.) the time for Zohr’.50

6. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمنِ بْنِ أَبِي هَاشِمٍ الْبَجَلِيِّ، عَنْ سَالِمٍ أَبِي خَدِيجَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: سَأَلَهُ إِنْسَانٌ وَأَنَا حَاضِرٌ، فَقَالَ: رُبَّمَا دَخَلْتُ الْمَسْجِدَ وَبَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا يُصَلُّونَ الْعَصْرَ، وَبَعْضُهُمْ يُصَلُّونَ الظُّهْرَ؟ فَقَالَ: « أَنَا أَمَرْتُهُمْ بِهذَا: لَوْ صَلَّوْا عَلى وَقْتٍ وَاحِدٍ، عُرِفُوا، فَأُخِذَ بِرِقَابِهِمْ ».

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husyan Bin Saeed, from Al Qasim Bin Urwat, from Ubeyr Binn Zurara,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘When the sun (starts to) decline, so the time for the twoSalāts has entered, unless this is before this’.

وَ رَوَى سَعْدٌ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْبَرْقِيِّ وَ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ وَ حَمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ مِثْلَهُ وَ فِيهِ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الظُّهرْ وَ الْعَصْرِ جَمِيعاً وَ زَادَ ثُمَّ أنتَ فِي وَقْتٍ مِنْ مُنهما جَمِيعاً حَتَّى تَغِيبَ الشَّمْسُ

And it is reported by Sa’ad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed and Muhammad Bin Khalid Al Barqy, and Al Abbas Bin Marouf, altogether from Al Qasim and Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Barqy, from Al Qasim – Similar to it, and in it is, ‘The time forAl-Zohr andAl-Asr enters together, and additionally, you would be in the time from both of these together, until the sun disappears (sets)’.51

6. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمنِ بْنِ أَبِي هَاشِمٍ الْبَجَلِيِّ، عَنْ سَالِمٍ أَبِي خَدِيجَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: سَأَلَهُ إِنْسَانٌ وَأَنَا حَاضِرٌ، فَقَالَ: رُبَّمَا دَخَلْتُ الْمَسْجِدَ وَبَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا يُصَلُّونَ الْعَصْرَ، وَبَعْضُهُمْ يُصَلُّونَ الظُّهْرَ؟ فَقَالَ: « أَنَا أَمَرْتُهُمْ بِهذَا: لَوْ صَلَّوْا عَلى وَقْتٍ وَاحِدٍ، عُرِفُوا، فَأُخِذَ بِرِقَابِهِمْ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Hashim Al Bajaly, from Saalim Abu Khadeeja,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws , said, ‘I asked him, ‘A person and I were present, so he said, ‘Sometimes I enter theMasjid and some of our companions are prayingSalāt Al-Asr, and some of them are prayingSalāt Al-Zohr’ . So heasws said: ‘Iasws ordered them with that. If they had prayedSalāt upon one timing, they would have been recognised, and they would have been seized by their necks’.52

7. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنْ بَعْضِ رِجَالِهِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَمَّا جَاءَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ: أَنْ صَلِّ الظُّهْرَ إِذَا كَانَتِ الشَّمْسُ قَامَةً وَقَامَتَيْنِ، وَذِرَاعاً وَذِرَاعَيْنِ، وَقَدَماً وَقَدَمَيْنِ مِنْ هذَا، وَمِنْ هذَا، فَمَتى هذَا؟ وَكَيْفَ هذَا وَقَدْ يَكُونُ الظِّلُّ فِي بَعْضِ الْأَوْقَاتِ نِصْفَ قَدَمٍ؟ قَالَ: « إِنَّمَا قَالَ: ظِلُّ الْقَامَةِ، وَلَمْ يَقُلْ: قَامَةُ الظِّلِّ، وَذلِكَ أَنَّ ظِلَّ الْقَامَةِ يَخْتَلِفُ، مَرَّةً يَكْثُرُ، وَمَرَّةً يَقِلُّ، وَالْقَامَةُ قَامَةٌ أَبَداً لَاتَخْتَلِفُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: ذِرَاعٌ وَذِرَاعَانِ، وَقَدَمٌ وَقَدَمَانِ، فَصَارَ ذِرَاعٌ وَذِرَاعَانِ تَفْسِيرَ الْقَامَةِ وَالْقَامَتَيْنِ فِي الزَّمَانِ الَّذِي يَكُونُ فِيهِ ظِلُّ الْقَامَةِ ذِرَاعاً، وَظِلُّ الْقَامَتَيْنِ ذِرَاعَيْنِ، فَيَكُونُ ظِلُّ الْقَامَةِ وَالْقَامَتَيْنِ، وَالذِّرَاعِ وَالذِّرَاعَيْنِ مُتَّفِقَيْنِ فِي كُلِّ زَمَانٍ، مَعْرُوفَيْنِ، مُفَسَّراً أَحَدُهُمَا بِالْآخَرِ، مُسَدَّداً بِهِ، فَإِذَا كَانَ الزَّمَانُ يَكُونُ فِيهِ ظِلُّ الْقَامَةِ ذِرَاعاً، كَانَ الْوَقْتُ ذِرَاعاً مِنْ ظِلِّ الْقَامَةِ، وَكَانَتِ الْقَامَةُ ذِرَاعاً مِنَ الظِّلِّ، فَإِذَا كَانَ ظِلُّ الْقَامَةِ أَقَلَّ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ، كَانَ الْوَقْتُ مَحْصُوراً بِالذِّرَاعِ وَالذِّرَاعَيْنِ: فَهذَا تَفْسِيرُ الْقَامَةِ وَالْقَامَتَيْنِ، وَ الذِّرَاعِ وَ الذِّرَاعَيْنِ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Salih Bin Saeed, from Yunus, from one of his men,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws , said, ‘I asked himasws about what has come in the Hadeeth thatAl-Zohr would be prayed when the sun was one upright (in length of shadow) and two, and one cubit and two, and one step and two, from this and from there. So when is this? And how is this, and the shadow happens to be, at certain times, half a step?’ Heasws said: ‘But rather, the shadow is referred to as one shadow upright and is not said as ‘uprightness of the shadow’, and that is (because) one shadow upright differs sometimes as more, and sometimes as less, and the upright (object) would be of one uprightness (size) for ever, not being different’.

Then heasws said: ‘One cubit and two cubits, and one foot and two feet. So the one cubit and two cubits came to be an explanation of the one foot and two feet during the time in which the upright shadow happens to be of one cubit, and the shadow of the two uprights statures being of two cubits. Thus, the shadow of the upright stature and two upright statures, and one cubit and two cubits happen to be co-incidental during every time, both recognised, one of them being interpreted by the other, being supported by it. So when it was the time wherein the shadow of the stature happens to be of one cubit, it would be the time of one cubit from the shadow of the upright stature, and the upright cubit would be from the shadow. So when the upright shadow is less or more, it would be the time limited by the cubit and the two cubits.

So this is the interpretation of the upright stature and the two upright statures, and the one cubit and the two cubits’.53

8. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمنِ، عَنْ مِسْمَعِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، قَالَ: إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ الظُّهْرَ فَقَدْ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الْعَصْرِ، إِلاَّ أَنَّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهَا سُبْحَةً، فَذلِكَ إِلَيْكَ، إِنْ شِئْتَ طَوَّلْتَ، وَإِنْ شِئْتَ قَصَّرْتَ.

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan, from Abdullah Bin Abdul Rahman, from Misma’a Bin Abdul Malik,

‘Heasws said: ‘When you have prayedSalāt Al-Zohr, so the time forAl-Asr has entered until there happens to be an Optional (Salāt) in front of it. So that is up to you. If you so desire to, you prolong, and if you so desire to, you shorten (the OptionalSalāt) ’. 54

6 - بَابُ وَقْتِ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ

Chapter 6 – The time for Al Maghrib and the last Isha (Salāts)

1. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَشْيَمَ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: « وَقْتُ الْمَغْرِبِ إِذَا ذَهَبَتِ الْحُمْرَةُ مِنَ الْمَشْرِقِ، وَتَدْرِي كَيْفَ ذَاكَ « عَلَى الْمَغْرِبِ هكَذَا ـ وَرَفَعَ يَمِينَهُ فَوْقَ يَسَارِهِ ـ فَإِذَا غَابَتْ هَاهُنَا، ذَهَبَتِ الْحُمْرَةُ مِنْ هَاهُنَا ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Asheym, from one of our companions,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws , said, ‘I heard himasws saying: ‘The time forAl-Maghrib is when the redness goes away from the east. And do you know how that is?’ I said, ‘No’. Heasws said: ‘Because the east overlooks upon the west like this’, and heasws raised hisasws right hand above hisasws left, ‘So when (the sun) disappears from over here, the redness goes away from over there’.55

2. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ وَالْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ بُرَيْدِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا غَابَتِ الْحُمْرَةُ مِنْ هذَا الْجَانِبِ ـ يَعْنِي مِنَ الْمَشْرِقِ ـ فَقَدْ غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ مِنْ شَرْقِ الْأَرْضِ وَغَرْبِهَا ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Khalid and Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Qasi Bin Urwa, from Bureyd Bin Muawiya,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘When the redness disappears from this side, meaning from the east, so the sun has set from the east of the earth and its west’.56

3. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ، عَنْ أَبِي وَلاَّدٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « إِنَّ اللهَ خَلَقَ حِجَاباً مِنْ ظُلْمَةٍ مِمَّا يَلِي، وَوَكَّلَ‌ بِهِ مَلَكاً، فَإِذَا غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ، اغْتَرَفَ ذلِكَ الْمَلَكُ غُرْفَةً بِيَدِهِ، ثُمَّ اسْتَقْبَلَ بِهَا الْمَغْرِبَ يَتْبَعُ الشَّفَقَ، وَيُخْرِجُ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ قَلِيلاً قَلِيلاً، وَيَمْضِي، فَيُوَافِي الْمَغْرِبَ عِنْدَ سُقُوطِ الشَّفَقِ، فَيُسَرِّحُ فِي الظُّلْمَةِ، ثُمَّ يَعُودُ إِلَى الْمَشْرِقِ، فَإِذَا طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ، نَشَرَ جَنَاحَيْهِ، فَاسْتَاقَ الظُّلْمَةَ مِنَ الْمَشْرِقِ إِلَى الْمَغْرِبِ حَتّى يُوَافِيَ بِهَا الْمَغْرِبَ عِنْدَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, and Muhammad Bin Al Hassan, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Abu Wallad who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws said ‘Allahazwj Created a veil of darkness from what follows the east and Allocated an Angel with it. So when the sun sets, that Angel scoops out a scoop with his hand, then faces the west with it followed by the twilight and takes it out from his hand, little by little, and he goes (on doing that). So the Maghrib is complete during the falling of the sun. So the darkness is released (into the darkness). Then he returns to the east. So when the dawn emerges, he spreads his wings, so the darkness urges on from the east to the west until the west is completed with it during the emergence of the sun’.57

4. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « وَقْتُ سُقُوطِ الْقُرْصِ وَوُجُوبِ الْإِفْطَارِ أَنْ تَقُومَ بِحِذَاءِ الْقِبْلَةِ، وَتَتَفَقَّدَ الْحُمْرَةَ الَّتِي تَرْتَفِعُ مِنَ الْمَشْرِقِ، فَإِذَا جَازَتْ قِمَّةَ الرَّأْسِ إِلى نَاحِيَةِ الْمَغْرِبِ، فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الْإِفْطَارُ، وَسَقَطَ الْقُرْصُ ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from the one who mentioned it,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The time of the falling of the disc (setting of the sun), and Obligation of the breaking of the Fast is that you stand parallel to theQiblah, and the redness which raised from the east is lost. So when it exceeds the top of the head to the western area, so the breaking of the Fast is Obligated and the disc has fallen (the sun has set)’.58

5. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام : « وَقْتُ الْمَغْرِبِ إِذَا غَابَ الْقُرْصُ، فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ بَعْدَ ذلِكَ وَقَدْ صَلَّيْتَ، فَأَعِدِ الصَّلَاةَ، وَمَضى صَوْمُكَ، وَتَكُفُّ عَنِ الطَّعَامِ إِنْ كُنْتَ أَصَبْتَ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Zurara who said,

‘Abu Ja’farasws said: ‘The time for Maghrib is when the disc disappears (the sun sets). So when you see it (the sun) after that, and you have already prayedSalāt, so repeat theSalāt, and continue your Fast, and refrain from the food, if you have taken something from it’.59

6. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ خَلِيفَةَ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : إِنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ حَنْظَلَةَ أَتَانَا عَنْكَ بِوَقْتٍ؟ قَالَ: فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « إِذاً لَايَكْذِبُ عَلَيْنَا ». قُلْتُ: قَالَ: وَقْتُ الْمَغْرِبِ إِذَا غَابَ الْقُرْصُ، إِلاَّ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم كَانَ إِذَا جَدَّ بِهِ السَّيْرُ، أَخَّرَ الْمَغْرِبَ، وَيَجْمَعُ بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ الْعِشَاءِ فَقَالَ: « صَدَقَ ». وَقَالَ: « وَقْتُ الْعِشَاءِ حِينَ يَغِيبُ الشَّفَقُ إِلى ثُلُثِ اللَّيْلِ، وَوَقْتُ الْفَجْرِ حِينَ يَبْدُو حَتّى يُضِي‌ءَ.

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from Yazeed Bin Khalifa who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws that Umar Bin Hanzala came over to us from youasws with the timings (ofSalāt) . So Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘Then he would not have lied upon usasws ’. I said, ‘He said the timing forAl-Maghrib is when the disc disappears (the sun sets) except that Rasool-Allahsaww , when the journey was tiring upon himsaww , delayedAl-Maghrib and gathered between it andAl-Isha’. So he asws said: ‘He spoke the truth’. And heasws said: ‘The time forAl-Isha is when th e redness disappears to a third of the night, and the time forAl-Fajr is when it (the darkness) clears and there is brightness’.60

7. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: « وَقْتُ الْمَغْرِبِ إِذَا غَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ، فَغَابَ‌ قُرْصُهَا ».

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws , said, ‘I heard himasws saying: ‘The time forAl-Maghrib is when the sun sets, so its disc disappears’.61

8. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زَيْدٍ الشَّحَّامِ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنْ وَقْتِ الْمَغْرِبِ؟ فَقَالَ: « إِنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَعليه‌السلام أَتَى النَّبِيَّصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم لِكُلِّ صَلَاةٍ بِوَقْتَيْنِ غَيْرَ صَلَاةِ الْمَغْرِبِ: فَإِنَّ وَقْتَهَا وَاحِدٌ، وَوَقْتَهَا وُجُوبُهَا ».

Al Husayn Bin Muhammad Al Ashary, from Abdullah Bin Aamir, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Zayd Al Shihaam who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about the time forAl-Maghrib. So heasws said: ‘Jibraeelas came over to the Prophetsaww with two timings for everySalāt except forAl-Maghrib Salāt, for its time is one, and its timing is its Obligatory’.62

9. وَرَوَاهُ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَالْفُضَيْلِ، قَالَا: قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام : « إِنَّ لِكُلِّ صَلَاةٍ وَقْتَيْنِ غَيْرَ الْمَغْرِبِ، فَإِنَّ وَقْتَهَا وَاحِدٌ، وَ وَقْتَهَا وُجُوبُهَا، وَوَقْتَ فَوْتِهَا سُقُوطُ الشَّفَقِ ». وَرُوِيَ أَيْضاً: « أَنَّ لَهَا وَقْتَيْنِ، آخِرُ وَقْتِهَا سُقُوطُ الشَّفَقِ ». وَلَيْسَ هذَا مِمَّا يُخَالِفُ الْحَدِيثَ الْأَوَّلَ، إِنَّ لَهَا وَقْتاً وَاحِداً: لِأَنَّ الشَّفَقَ هُوَ الْحُمْرَةُ، وَلَيْسَ بَيْنَ غَيْبُوبَةِ الشَّمْسِ وَبَيْنَ غَيْبُوبَةِ الشَّفَقِ إِلاَّ شَيْ‌ءٌ يَسِيرٌ، وَذلِكَ أَنَّ عَلَامَةَ غَيْبُوبَةِ الشَّمْسِ بُلُوغُ الْحُمْرَةِ الْقِبْلَةَ، وَلَيْسَ بَيْنَ بُلُوغِ الْحُمْرَةِ الْقِبْلَةَ وَبَيْنَ غَيْبُوبَتِهَا إِلاَّ قَدْرُ مَا يُصَلِّي الْإِنْسَانُ صَلَاةَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَنَوَافِلَهَا إِذَا صَلاَّهَا عَلى تُؤَدَةٍ وَسُكُونٍ، وَقَدْ تَفَقَّدْتُ ذلِكَ غَيْرَ مَرَّةٍ وَلِذلِكَ صَارَ وَقْتُ الْمَغْرِبِ ضَيِّقاً

And it is reported from Zurara and Al Fuzayl who both said,

‘Abu Ja’farasws said: ‘For everySalāt are two timings apart fromAl-Maghrib. So it’s time is one, and its time is its Obligatory time, and the time for its expiry is the falling of the redness (from sight)’.

And it is reported as well that for it are two timings, the last of its timing being the falling of the redness (from sight)’.

And this is not from what opposes the first Hadeeth. For it is one timing, because the twilight, it is the redness, and there is not between the setting of the sun and the setting of the redness except for a small thing, and that is that a sign of the setting of the sun is when the redness reaches overhead, and there is not between the reaching of the redness overhead and its disappearance except for a measurement of what the human being would pray the MaghribSalāt and its Optional, when he prays it upon unhurriedness and tranquillity, and I have surveyed it many a time, and it is due to that, then time forAl-Maghrib is narrow’. (P.S. – This is not part of the Hadeeth and looks like a comment to me, probably from Kulayni himself).63

10. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَسْبَاطٍ أَبَا الْحَسَنِعليه‌السلام ـ وَنَحْنُ نَسْمَعُ ـ: الشَّفَقُ الْحُمْرَةُ، أَوِ الْبَيَاضُ؟ فَقَالَ: « الْحُمْرَةُ، لَوْ كَانَ الْبَيَاضَ، كَانَ إِلى ثُلُثِ اللَّيْلِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Fazzal who said,

‘Ali Bin Asbaat asked AbuAl-Hassan asws and we were listening, ‘Is the twilight the redness or the whiteness?’ So heasws said: ‘The redness. If it was the whiteness, it would have been up to the third of the night’.64

11. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَجَّالِ، عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْحَلَبِيِّ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : مَتى تَجِبُ الْعَتَمَةُ ؟ فَقَالَ: « إِذَا غَابَ الشَّفَقُ: وَالشَّفَقُ: الْحُمْرَةُ ». فَقَالَ عُبَيْدُ اللهِ: أَصْلَحَكَ اللهُ، إِنَّهُ يَبْقى بَعْدَ ذَهَابِ الْحُمْرَةِ ضَوْءٌ شَدِيدٌ مُعْتَرِضٌ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « إِنَّ الشَّفَقَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ الْحُمْرَةُ، وَلَيْسَ الضَّوْءُ مِنَ الشَّفَقِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Al hajjal, from Sa’albat Bin Maymoun, from Imran Bin Ali Al Halby who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws , ‘When is the darkness (Al-Isha Salāt) Obl igated?’ Heasws the twilight disappears, and the twilight is the redness’. So Ubeydullah said objecting, ‘May Allahazwj Keep youasws well! Intense brightness tends to remain after the departure of the redness’. So Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘The twilight, rather it is the redness, and the brightness is not from the twilight’.65

12. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا غَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الصَّلَاتَيْنِ، إِلاَّ أَنَّ هذِهِ قَبْلَ هذِهِ ».

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Qasim Bin Urwa, from Ubeyd Bin Zurara,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘When the sun sets, the time for the twoSalāts (Al-Maghrib andAl-Isha) enters, u nless this is before this’.66

13. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ، عَنْ أَبَانٍ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم : لَوْ لَا أَنْ أَشُقَّ عَلى أُمَّتِي، لَأَخَّرْتُ‌ الْعِشَاءَ إِلى ثُلُثِ اللَّيْلِ ». وَرُوِيَ أَيْضاً: « إِلى نِصْفِ اللَّيْلِ ».

Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moalla Bin Muhmmad, from Al Washa, from Aban, from Abu Baseer,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘Had it not been grievous upon mysaww community, Isaww would have delayedAl-Isha (Salāt) up to a third of the night’.

وَ رُوِيَ يََْضاً لَِِى نِصْفِ اللَّيْلِ .

And it is reported as well (that hesaww said): ‘Up to half the night’.67

14. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ، عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: قَالَ: « وَقْتُ الْمَغْرِبِ فِي السَّفَرِ إِلى رُبُعِ اللَّيْلِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Salma Bin Al Khattab, from Muhammad Bin Al Waleed, from Aban Bin Usman, from Umar Bin Yazeed,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The time forAl-Maghrib during the journey is up to a quarter of the night’.68

15. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الرَّيَّانِ، قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ: الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ فِي الدَّارِ تَمْنَعُهُ حِيطَانُهَا النَّظَرَ إِلى حُمْرَةِ الْمَغْرِبِ، وَمَعْرِفَةَ مَغِيبِ الشَّفَقِ وَوَقْتِ صَلَاةِ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ، مَتى يُصَلِّيهَا؟ وَكَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ؟ فَوَقَّعَعليه‌السلام : « يُصَلِّيهَا إِذَا كَانَ عَلى هذِهِ الصِّفَةِ عِنْدَ قَصْرَةِ النُّجُومِ، وَالْمَغْرِبَ عِنْدَ اشْتِبَاكِهَا: وَبَيَاضُ مَغِيبِ الشَّمْسِ قَصْرَةُ النُّجُومِ إِلى بَيَانِهَا ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ali Bin A Rayyan who said,

‘I wrote to himasws , ‘A man happens to be in the house the walls of which prevent him from looking at the redness ofAl-Maghrib and recognising the disappearance of the twilight, and the time forSalāt ofAl-Isha the last (Salāt) . When should he pray it, and how should he deal with it?’ So heasws signed: ‘He should pray it when it was upon these descriptions during the abundance of the stars (being visible); andAl-Maghrib is during its clashing, and whiteness of the disappearance of the sun, a few stars, up to its clarity’.69

16. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ، قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى الرِّضَاعليه‌السلام : ذَكَرَ أَصْحَابُنَا أَنَّهُ إِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ، فَقَدْ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ، وَإِذَا غَرَبَتْ، دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ، إِلاَّ أَنَّ هذِهِ قَبْلَ هذِهِ فِي السَّفَرِ وَالْحَضَرِ، وَأَنَّ وَقْتَ الْمَغْرِبِ إِلى رُبُعِ اللَّيْلِ؟ فَكَتَبَ: « كَذلِكَ الْوَقْتُ، غَيْرَ أَنَّ وَقْتَ الْمَغْرِبِ ضَيِّقٌ، وَآخِرُ وَقْتِهَا ذَهَابُ‌ الْحُمْرَةِ، وَمَصِيرُهَا إِلَى الْبَيَاضِ فِي أُفُقِ الْمَغْرِبِ ».

Ali Bin Muhammad and Muhammad Bin Al Hassan, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ismail Bin Mihran who said,

‘I wrote toAl-Reza asws , ‘Our companions are mentioning that when the sun (starts to) decline, so the time forAl-Zohr andAl-Asr has entered, and when it sets, so the time forAl-Maghrib andAl-Isha the last h as entered, until this is before this during the journey as well as the staying, and that the time forAl-Maghrib is up to a quarter of the night’. So heasws wrote: ‘The timing is like that apart from that the time forAl-Maghrib is narrow, and the end of its time is the departure of the redness and its becoming to the whiteness in the western horizon’. 70

7 - بَابُ وَقْتِ الْفَجْرِ‌

Chapter 7 – The time for Al-Fajr (Salāt)

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ، قَالَ: كَتَبَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ بْنُ الْحُصَيْنِ إِلى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِيعليه‌السلام مَعِي: جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ، قَدِ اخْتَلَفَ مُوَالُوكَ فِي صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ: فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يُصَلِّي إِذَا طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ الْأَوَّلُ، الْمُسْتَطِيلُ فِي السَّمَاءِ: وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يُصَلِّي إِذَا اعْتَرَضَ فِي أَسْفَلِ الْأُفُقِ وَاسْتَبَانَ، وَلَسْتُ أَعْرِفُ أَفْضَلَ الْوَقْتَيْنِ فَأُصَلِّيَ فِيهِ، فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنْ تُعَلِّمَنِي أَفْضَلَ الْوَقْتَيْنِ وَتَحُدَّهُ لِي، وَكَيْفَ أَصْنَعُ مَعَ الْقَمَرِ وَالْفَجْرُ لَايَتَبَيَّنُ مَعَهُ حَتّى يَحْمَرَّ وَيُصْبِحَ؟ وَكَيْفَ أَصْنَعُ مَعَ الْغَيْمِ؟ وَمَا حَدُّ ذلِكَ فِي السَّفَرِ وَالْحَضَرِ؟ فَعَلْتُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ. فَكَتَبَعليه‌السلام بِخَطِّهِ وَقَرَأْتُهُ: « الْفَجْرُ ـ يَرْحَمُكَ اللهُ ـ هُوَ الْخَيْطُ الْأَبْيَضُ، الْمُعْتَرِضُ، لَيْسَ هُوَ الْأَبْيَضَ صُعَدَاءَ، فَلَا تُصَلِّ فِي سَفَرٍ وَلَاحَضَرٍ حَتّى تَبَيَّنَهُ: فَإِنَّ اللهَ ـ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالى ـ لَمْ يَجْعَلْ خَلْقَهُ فِي شُبْهَةٍ مِنْ هذَا، فَقَالَ:( كُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا حَتّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الْخَيْطُ الْأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الْأَسْوَدِ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ ) فَالْخَيْطُ الْأَبْيَضُ هُوَ‌ الْمُعْتَرِضُ الَّذِي يَحْرُمُ بِهِ الْأَكْلُ وَالشُّرْبُ فِي الصَّوْمِ، وَكَذلِكَ هُوَ الَّذِي تُوجَبُ بِهِ الصَّلَاةُ ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ali Bin Mahziyar who said,

‘AbuAl-Hassan Bin Al-H usayn wrote to Abu Ja’farasws the 2nd along with me, ‘May I be sacrificed for youasws ! The ones in yourasws Wilayah are differing regardingAl-Fajr Salāt. So, from them is one who is praying when the dawn emerges as the first elongation in the sky, and from them is the one who prays when presents it itself in the bottom of the horizon and is clear, and I do not understand the preference of the two timings so that I can pray during it. So if youasws view that youasws should teach me the preference of the two timings and its limit to me, and how I should deal with it when there are clouds about, and what is the limit of that during the journey and the staying, do so, Allahazwj Willing’.

So heasws wrote by hisasws own handwriting, and I read it: ‘The dawn, may Allahazwj have Mercy on you, is the white line, the horizontal. It is not the vertical whiteness. Therefore, do not praySalāt, neither during a journey nor during a staying until it is clear, for Allahazwj Blessed and High never Made Hisazwj creatures to be in doubt from this, so Heazwj Said [2:187] and eat and drink until the white thread becomes distinct from the black thread at Dawn. So the white thread, it is the horizontal (white line) by which the eating and the drinking is Prohibited during the Fasting, and similar to that, it is that which theSalāt is Obligated by’.71

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمنِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : أَخْبِرْنِي بِأَفْضَلِ الْمَوَاقِيتِ فِي صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ. فَقَالَ: « مَعَ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ: إِنَّ اللهَ ـ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ـ يَقُولُ:( وَقُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ إِنَّ قُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ كانَ مَشْهُوداً ) يَعْنِي صَلَاةَ الْفَجْرِ، تَشْهَدُهُ مَلَائِكَةُ اللَّيْلِ وَمَلَائِكَةُ النَّهَارِ، فَإِذَا صَلَّى الْعَبْدُ الصُّبْحَ مَعَ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ، أُثْبِتَتْ لَهُ مَرَّتَيْنِ: أَثْبَتَهَا مَلَائِكَةُ اللَّيْلِ، وَمَلَائِكَةُ النَّهَارِ ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, from Abdul Rahman Bin Salim, from Is’haq Bin Ammar who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘Inform me of the most elevated of the timings regarding the FajrSalāt’ . So heasws said: ‘With the emergence of the dawn, Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying [17:78] the morning recitation; surely the recitation at dawn was always witnessed – Meaning the FajrSalāt. The Angels of the night witness it and the Angels of the day (as well). So when the servant prays the morning (Salāt) with the emergence of the dawn, it is affirmed for him twice. It is affirmed by the Angels of the night and the Angels of the day’.72

3. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « الصُّبْحُ هُوَ الَّذِي إِذَا رَأَيْتَهُ مُعْتَرِضاً كَأَنَّهُ بَيَاضُ سُورى ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ali Bin Atiyya,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The morning, it is which, when you see it horizontally, it is as if it is a white edge’.73

4. عَلِيٌّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ خَلِيفَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « وَقْتُ الْفَجْرِ حِينَ يَبْدُو حَتّى يُضِي‌ءَ ».

Ali, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from Yazeed Bin Khaleefa,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The time forAl-Fajr is (from) where it begins until it brightens’.74

5. عَلِيٌّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « وَقْتُ الْفَجْرِ حِينَ يَنْشَقُّ الْفَجْرُ إِلى أَنْ يَتَجَلَّلَ الصُّبْحُ السَّمَاءَ، وَلَايَنْبَغِي تَأْخِيرُ ذلِكَ عَمْداً، لكِنَّهُ وَقْتٌ لِمَنْ شُغِلَ، أَوْ نَسِيَ، أَوْ نَامَ ».

Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, from Al Halby,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The time forAl-Fajr is when th e dawn breaks up to when the morning brightens the sky, and it is not befitting for you to delay that deliberately, but it is a time (leeway) for the one who is busy, or forgets, or sleeps’.75

6. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَاسَانِيِّ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ حَفْصٍ الْمَرْوَزِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْعَسْكَرِيِّعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا انْتَصَفَ اللَّيْلُ، ظَهَرَ بَيَاضٌ فِي وَسَطِ السَّمَاءِ شِبْهُ عَمُودٍ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ تُضِي‌ءُ لَهُ الدُّنْيَا، فَيَكُونُ سَاعَةً، ثُمَّ يَذْهَبُ وَيُظْلِمُ، فَإِذَا بَقِيَ ثُلُثُ اللَّيْلِ، ظَهَرَ بَيَاضٌ مِنْ قِبَلِ الْمَشْرِقِ، فَأَضَاءَتْ لَهُ الدُّنْيَا، فَيَكُونُ سَاعَةً، ثُمَّ يَذْهَبُ وَهُوَ وَقْتُ صَلَاةِ اللَّيْلِ، ثُمَّ يُظْلِمُ قَبْلَ الْفَجْرِ، ثُمَّ يَطْلُعُ الْفَجْرُ الصَّادِقُ مِنْ قِبَلِ الْمَشْرِقِ » قَالَ: « وَمَنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ صَلَاةَ اللَّيْلِ فِي نِصْفِ اللَّيْلِ، فَذلِكَ لَهُ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Ali Bin Muhammad Al Qasany, from Suleyman Bin Hafs Al Marouzy,

(It has been narrated) from AbuAl-Hassan Al-Askar yasws having said: ‘When it is midnight, a whiteness appears in the middle of the sky, resembling a pillar of iron, the world being illuminated for it. So it happens to be for a while, then it goes away, and darkens. So when a third of the night remains, a whiteness appears from the easterly direction, and the world is illuminated for it. So it happens to be for a while, then it goes away, and it is the time for the nightSalāt. Then it darkens before the dawn. Then the true dawn emerges from the easterly direction’.

Heasws said: ‘And the one who intends to pray the nightSalāt during midnight, so that is for him’. 76

8 - بَابُ وَقْتِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي يَوْمِ الْغَيْمِ وَالرِّيحِ وَمَنْ صَلّى لِغَيْرِ الْقِبْلَةِ‌

Chapter 8 – The time for Salāt during a cloudy and windy day, and the one who prays Salāt to other than the Qiblah

1. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ بِاللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ إِذَا لَمْ تُرَ الشَّمْسُ وَلَا الْقَمَرُ وَلَا النُّجُومُ؟ قَالَ: « اجْتَهِدْ رَأْيَكَ، وَتَعَمَّدِ الْقِبْلَةَ جُهْدَكَ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Usman Bin Isa, from Sama’at who said,

‘I asked himasws about theSalāt by the night and the day, when neither the sun, nor the moon, nor the stars can be seen. Heasws said: ‘Strive your view and deliberate your struggle for (finding) theQiblah’ .77

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ الْفَرَّاءِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: قَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا: رُبَّمَا اشْتَبَهَ الْوَقْتُ عَلَيْنَا فِي يَوْمِ الْغَيْمِ ؟ فَقَالَ: « تَعْرِفُ هذِهِ الطُّيُورَ الَّتِي عِنْدَكُمْ بِالْعِرَاقِ ـ يُقَالُ‌ لَهَا: الدِّيَكَةُ ـ؟ » قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: « إِذَا ارْتَفَعَتْ أَصْوَاتُهَا وَتَجَاوَبَتْ، فَقَدْ زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ ـ أَوْ قَالَ ـ فَصَلِّهْ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abu Abdullah Al Fara’a,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws , said, ‘A man from our companions said to himasws , ‘Sometimes the time is doubtful upon us during the cloudy day. So heasws said: ‘Do you know these birds which are with you atAl-Iraq, called th e rooster?’ I said, ‘Yes’. Heasws said: ‘When it raises its voice and is responded to, so the sun has (started to) decline’, or said: ‘So pray it’.78

3. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ، عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ وَأَنْتَ عَلى غَيْرِ الْقِبْلَةِ، فَاسْتَبَانَ لَكَ أَنَّكَ صَلَّيْتَ عَلى غَيْرِ الْقِبْلَةِ وَأَنْتَ فِي وَقْتٍ، فَأَعِدْ، فَإِنْ فَاتَكَ الْوَقْتُ، فَلَا تُعِدْ ».

Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Abdullah Aamir, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Abdullah,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘When you praySalāt and you are upon other than theQiblah, and it becomes clear to you that you have prayed upon other than theQiblah, and you are within the time, so repeat. But if the time is lost, so do not repeat’.79

4. وَبِهذَا الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ فَضَالَةَ، عَنْ أَبَانٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام فِي رَجُلٍ صَلَّى الْغَدَاةَ بِلَيْلٍ غَرَّهُ مِنْ ذلِكَ الْقَمَرُ، وَنَامَ حَتّى‌ طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ، فَأُخْبِرَ أَنَّهُ صَلّى بِلَيْلٍ، قَالَ: « يُعِيدُ صَلَاتَهُ ».

And by this chain, from Fazalat, from Aban, from Zurara,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws regarding a man who prayed the morningSalāt at night, the moon (light) having deceived him from that, and he slept until the emergence of the sun. So he was informed that he had prayed at night’. Heasws said: ‘He should repeat hisSalāt’ .80

5. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ النَّوْفَلِيِّ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْمُخْتَارِ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : إِنِّي رَجُلٌ مُؤَذِّنٌ، فَإِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْغَيْمِ، لَمْ أَعْرِفِ الْوَقْتَ؟ فَقَالَ: « إِذَا صَاحَ الدِّيكُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَصْوَاتٍ وِلَاءً، فَقَدْ زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ، وَقَدْ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الصَّلَاةِ ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Al Nowfaly, from Al Husayn Bin Al Mukhtar, from a man who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘I am a man who is a Muezzin (a caller to theSalāt) . So whenever it was the cloudy day, I do not recognise the time’. So heasws said: ‘When the rooster crows with three voices consecutively, so the sun has (started to) decline, and the time for theSalāt has entered’.81

6. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي الْبِلَادِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « مَنْ صَلّى فِي غَيْرِ وَقْتٍ، فَلَا صَلَاةَ لَهُ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Salama Bin Al Khattab, from Yahya Bin Ibrahim Bin Abu Al Balaad, from his father, from Abu Baseer,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The one praysSalāt during other that a (correct) timing, so there is noSalāt for him’.82

7. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام : « يُجْزِئُ التَّحَرِّي أَبَداً إِذَا لَمْ يُعْلَمْ أَيْنَ وَجْهُ الْقِبْلَةِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from Zurara who said,

‘Abu Ja’farasws said: ‘The investigation would always suffice when one does not know the direction of theQiblah’ .83

8. أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ، عَنْ عَمَّارٍ السَّابَاطِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ فِي رَجُلٍ صَلّى عَلى غَيْرِ الْقِبْلَةِ، فَيَعْلَمُ وَهُوَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَفْرُغَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ، قَالَ: « إِنْ كَانَ مُتَوَجِّهاً فِيمَا بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ، فَلْيُحَوِّلْ وَجْهَهُ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ سَاعَةَ يَعْلَمُ، وَإِنْ كَانَ مُتَوَجِّهاً إِلى دُبُرِ‌ الْقِبْلَةِ، فَلْيَقْطَعِ الصَّلَاةَ، ثُمَّ يُحَوِّلُ وَجْهَهُ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ، ثُمَّ يَفْتَتِحُ الصَّلَاةَ ».

Ahmad Bin Idrees, and Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ali, from Amro Bin Saeed, from Musaddaq Bin Sadaqa, from Ammar Al Sabaty,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said regarding a man who praysSalāt upon other than the Qibah. So he comes to know while he is during theSalāt, before he is free from hisSalāt, said: ‘If he was facing towards what is between the east and the west, so let him turn his face towards theQiblah the moment he comes to know; and if he was facing towards the back of theQiblah, so let him cut off theSalāt, then turn his face towards theQiblah, then open (begin again) theSalāt’ .84

9. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ فِي قَفْرٍ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ فِي يَوْمِ غَيْمٍ، فَيُصَلِّي لِغَيْرِ الْقِبْلَةِ، ثُمَّ يَصْحى، فَيَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ صَلّى لِغَيْرِ الْقِبْلَةِ، كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ؟ قَالَ: « إِنْ كَانَ فِي وَقْتٍ، فَلْيُعِدْ صَلَاتَهُ: وَإِنْ كَانَ مَضَى الْوَقْتُ، فَحَسْبُهُ اجْتِهَادُهُ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim, from Suleyman Bin Khalid who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘The man happens to be in a wilderness from the earth during a cloudy day, so he praysSalāt towards other than theQiblah. Then (the clouds) clear, so he comes to know that he had prayed to other than theQiblah. How should he deal with it?’ Heasws said: ‘If he was within the time, so let him repeat hisSalāt, but if the time had passed, so his striving (to locate theQiblah) would suffice him’.85

10. عَنْهُ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ‌ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام عَنْ قِبْلَةِ الْمُتَحَيِّرِ؟ فَقَالَ: « يُصَلِّي حَيْثُ يَشَاءُ ». وَرُوِيَ أَيْضاً: « أَنَّهُ يُصَلِّي إِلى أَرْبَعِ جَوَانِبَ ».

From him, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of our companions, from Zurara who said,

‘I asked Abu Ja’farasws about aQiblah of the one confused. So heasws said: ‘He can praySalāt wherever he so desires to (in any direction)’.86

11. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ رِيَاحٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ وَأَنْتَ تَرى أَنَّكَ فِي وَقْتٍ وَلَمْ يَدْخُلِ الْوَقْتُ، فَدَخَلَ الْوَقْتُ وَأَنْتَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ، فَقَدْ أَجْزَأَتْ عَنْكَ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ibn Abu Umer, from Ismail Bin Rabaah,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘When you are prayingSalāt and you see that you are within the time, and the time has not entered yet, then the time does enter while you are during theSalāt, so it would have sufficed you’.87

12. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ: هَلْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم يُصَلِّي إِلى بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ؟ قَالَ: « نَعَمْ ». فَقُلْتُ: أَكَانَ يَجْعَلُ الْكَعْبَةَ خَلْفَ ظَهْرِهِ؟ فَقَالَ: « أَمَّا إِذَا كَانَ بِمَكَّةَ، فَلَا: وَأَمَّا إِذَا هَاجَرَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، فَنَعَمْ حَتّى حُوِّلَ إِلَى الْكَعْبَةِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, from Al Halby,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws , said, ‘I asked himasws , ‘Did Rasool-Allahsaww used to praySalāt (facing) towards BaytAl-Maqdis?’ He asws said: ‘Yes’. So I said, ‘Did hesaww make theKabah to be behind hissaww back?’ So heasws said: ‘As for when hesaww was in Makkah, so no, and as for when hesaww had emigrated toAl-Medina, so yes, until hesaww turned towards theKabah (permanently)’. 88

9 - بَابُ الْجَمْعِ بَيْنَ الصَّلَاتَيْنِ‌

Chapter 9 – The gathering of the two Salāts

1. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « صَلّى رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم بِالنَّاسِ الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ حِينَ زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ مِنْ غَيْرِ عِلَّةٍ، وَصَلّى بِهِمُ الْمَغْرِبَ وَالْعِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةَ قَبْلَ سُقُوطِ الشَّفَقِ مِنْ غَيْرِ عِلَّةٍ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ، وَإِنَّمَا فَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم لِيَتَّسِعَ الْوَقْتُ عَلى أُمَّتِهِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Abdullah Bin Bukeyr, from Zurara,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww prayedSalāt with the people,Al-Zohr andAl-Asr when the sun (started its) decline, in a Jam’at, from without a reason; and hesaww prayed with themAl-Maghrib andAl-Isha the last b efore the fall of the twilight, from without a reason, in a Jam’at. And rather, Rasool-Allahsaww did it in order to expand the timing upon hissaww community’.89

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، قَالَ: شَهِدْتُ الْمَغْرِبَ لَيْلَةً مَطِيرَةً فِي مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، فَحِينَ كَانَ قَرِيباً مِنَ الشَّفَقِ، نَادَوْا، وَأَقَامُوا الصَّلَاةَ، فَصَلَّوُا الْمَغْرِبَ، ثُمَّ أَمْهَلُوا بِالنَّاسِ حَتّى صَلَّوْا رَكْعَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ قَامَ الْمُنَادِي فِي مَكَانِهِ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ، فَأَقَامَ الصَّلَاةَ، فَصَلَّوُا الْعِشَاءَ، ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ النَّاسُ إِلى مَنَازِلِهِمْ، فَسَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنْ ذلِكَ، فَقَالَ: « نَعَمْ، قَدْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم عَمِلَ بِهذَا ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, from Abdullah Bin Sinan who said,

‘I attendedAl-Maghrib Salāt on a rainy night in theMasjid of Rasool-Allahsaww . So when it was near to the twilight, there was a call (Azan) and theSalāt was established. So they prayedAl-Maghrib. Then the people were respited until they had prayed twoRak’at ofSalāt. Then the caller stood up in his place in theMasjid, and established theSalāt. So they prayedAl-Isha. Then the people dispersed to go to their houses.

So I asked Abu Abdullahasws about that. So heasws said: ‘Yes. Rasool-Allahsaww had performed (like) this’.90

3. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَيْفٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَكِيْمٍ: عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: « إِذَا جَمَعْتَ بَيْنَ الصَّلَاتَيْنِ، فَلَا تَطَوَّعْ بَيْنَهُمَا ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Salma Bin Al Khattab, from Al Husayn Bin Sayf, from Hammad Bin Usman, from Muhammad Bin Hakeym,

(It has been narrated) from AbuAl-Hassan asws , sai d, ‘I heard himasws saying: ‘When you gather between the twoSalāts , so do not perform OptionalSalāts between the two’.91

4. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنِ‌ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَكِيمٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « الْجَمْعُ بَيْنَ الصَّلَاتَيْنِ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ بَيْنَهُمَا تَطَوُّعٌ، فَإِذَا كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا تَطَوُّعٌ، فَلَا جَمْعَ ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Musa, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Fazzal, from Hammad Bin Usman who said, ‘Muhammad Bin Hakeym narrated to me saying,

‘I heard AbuAl-Hassan asws sayi ng: ‘The gathering between the twoSalāt is when there does not happen to be OptionalSalāts between the two. So when there were OptionalSalāts between the two, so do not gather’.92

5. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي زَكَرِيَّا، عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ أَبَانٍ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ الْجَمَّالِ، قَالَ: صَلّى بِنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ عِنْدَ مَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ بِأَذَانٍ وَإِقَامَتَيْنِ، وَقَالَ: « إِنِّي عَلى حَاجَةٍ، فَتَنَفَّلُوا ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Al Fazl Bin Muhammad, from Yahya Bin Abu Zakariyya, from Aban, from Safwan Al Jammal who said,

‘Abu Abullahasws prayed with usAl-Zohr andAl-Asr Salāt during the (start of the) decline of the sun, with oneAzan and two Iqamas, and said: ‘Iasws am upon a need, so pray OptionalSalāts ’.93

6. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ، عَنْ عَبَّاسٍ النَّاقِدِ، قَالَ: تَفَرَّقَ مَا كَانَ فِي يَدِي، وَتَفَرَّقَ عَنِّي حُرَفَائِي، فَشَكَوْتُ ذلِكَ إِلى‌ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍعليه‌السلام ، فَقَالَ لِيَ: « اجْمَعْ بَيْنَ الصَّلَاتَيْنِ: الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ، تَرى مَا تُحِبُّ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Abbas Al Naqid who said,

‘There has separated from me what was in my hands (belongings) and there have separated my business associates from me. So I complained of that to Abu Muhammadasws , and heasws said to me: ‘Gather between the twoSalāts ,Al-Zohr andAl-Asr. You shall see what you love’. 94

10 - بَابُ الصَّلَاةِ الَّتِي تُصَلّى فِي كُلِّ وَقْتٍ

Chapter 10 – The Salāt which can be prayed during every time

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنْ هَاشِمٍ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْمُكَارِي، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ: عَنْ‌أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « خَمْسُ صَلَوَاتٍ تُصَلِّيهِنَّ فِي كُلِّ وَقْتٍ: صَلَاةُ الْكُسُوفِ، وَالصَّلَاةُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ، وَصَلَاةُ الْإِحْرَامِ، وَالصَّلَاةُ الَّتِي تَفُوتُ، وَصَلَاةُ الطَّوَافِ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ إِلى طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ، وَبَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ إِلَى‌ اللَّيْلِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from Hashim Abu Saeed Al Mukary, from Abu Baseer,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘FiveSalāts , you can pray these during every time – TheSalāt for the eclipse, and theSalāt upon the deceased, andSalāt of (wearing) Al-Ihraam, and theSalāt which is missed out, andSalāt of the Tawaaf – from the dawn to the emergence of the sun, and afterAl-Asr up to the night’.95

2. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ: وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ جَمِيعاً، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « خَمْسُ صَلَوَاتٍ لَاتُتْرَكُ عَلى كُلِّ حَالٍ: إِذَا طُفْتَ بِالْبَيْتِ، وَإِذَا أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تُحْرِمَ، وَصَلَاةُ الْكُسُوفِ، وَإِذَا نَسِيتَ فَصَلِّ إِذَا ذَكَرْتَ، وَصَلَاةُ الْجَنَازَةِ ».

Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Al Fazl Bin ShAzan and Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, altogether from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Muawiya Bin Ammar who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullahasws saying: ‘FiveSalāts you cannot neglect upon every state – When you perform Tawaaf of the House (Kabah) , and when you intend to wear theIhraam, andSalāt of the eclipse, and when you forget so you pray when you remember, andSalāt of the funeral’.96

3. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « أَرْبَعُ صَلَوَاتٍ يُصَلِّيهِنَّ الرَّجُلُ فِي كُلِّ سَاعَةٍ: صَلَاةٌ فَاتَتْكَ، فَمَتى مَا ذَكَرْتَهَا أَدَّيْتَهَا، وَصَلَاةُ رَكْعَتَيْ طَوَافِ الْفَرِيضَةِ، وَصَلَاةُ الْكُسُوفِ، وَالصَّلَاةُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ: هؤُلَاءِ تُصَلِّيهِنَّ فِي السَّاعَاتِ كُلِّهَا ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from Zurara,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws FourSalāts , the man should pray these during every timing – ASalāt which is missed out, so whenever you remember it, fulfil it; and aSalāt of twoRak’at for the Tawaaf is an Obligation; andSalāt of the eclipse; and theSalāt upon the deceased. You can pray these during all of the timings’. 97

11 - بَابُ التَّطَوُّعِ فِي وَقْتِ الْفَرِيضَةِ وَالسَّاعَاتِ الَّتِي لَايُصَلّى فِيهَا‌

Chapter 11 – The Optional Salāt during the time of the Obligatory (Salāts), and the timings in which you cannot pray these

1. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ، عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ لِي: « أَتَدْرِي لِمَ جُعِلَ الذِّرَاعُ وَالذِّرَاعَانِ؟ » قَالَ: قُلْتُ: لِمَ؟ قَالَ: « لِمَكَانِ الْفَرِيضَةِ، لَكَ أَنْ تَتَنَفَّلَ مِنْ زَوَالِ الشَّمْسِ إِلى أَنْ يَبْلُغَ ذِرَاعاً، فَإِذَا بَلَغَ ذِرَاعاً، بَدَأْتَ بِالْفَرِيضَةِ، وَتَرَكْتَ النَّافِلَةَ »

Al Husayn Bin Muhammad Al Ashary, from Abdullah Bin Aamir, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Fazalat in Ayoub, from Al Husayn Bin Usman, from Ibn Muskan, from Zurara who said,

‘Heasws said to me: ‘Do you know why a cubit and two cubits have been made to be?’ I said, ‘Why?’ Heasws said: ‘In place of the Obligatory (Salāt) . It is for you that you can pray Optional (Salāts ) from the (start of the) decline of the sun up it (the shadow) reaching one cubit. So when it reaches to one cubit, begin with the Obligatory and leave the Optional’.98

2. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ، عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ، عَنْ مِنْهَالٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنِ الْوَقْتِ الَّذِي لَايَنْبَغِي لِي إِذَا جَاءَ الزَّوَالُ ؟ قَالَ: « ذِرَاعٌ إِلى مِثْلِهِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Fazzal, from Yunus Bin Yaqoub, from Minhal who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about the time in which it is not befitting for me that I pray the OptionalSalāts when the midday comes. Heasws said: ‘One cubit to its like (of the shadow)’.99

3. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَأْتِي الْمَسْجِدَ وَقَدْ صَلّى أَهْلُهُ: أَيَبْتَدِئُ بِالْمَكْتُوبَةِ، أَوْ يَتَطَوَّعُ؟ فَقَالَ: « إِنْ كَانَ فِي وَقْتٍ حَسَنٍ، فَلَا بَأْسَ بِالتَّطَوُّعِ قَبْلَ الْفَرِيضَةِ: وَإِنْ كَانَ خَافَ الْفَوْتَ مِنْ أَجْلِ مَا مَضى مِنَ الْوَقْتِ، فَلْيَبْدَأْ بِالْفَرِيضَةِ، وَهُوَ حَقُّ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، ثُمَّ لْيَتَطَوَّعْ بِمَا شَاءَ، أَلَا هُوَ مُوَسَّعٌ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ الْإِنْسَانُ فِي أَوَّلِ دُخُولِ وَقْتِ الْفَرِيضَةِ النَّوَافِلَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَخَافَ فَوْتَ الْفَرِيضَةِ: وَالْفَضْلُ إِذَا صَلَّى الْإِنْسَانُ وَحْدَهُ أَنْ يَبْدَأَ بِالْفَرِيضَةِ إِذَا دَخَلَ وَقْتُهَا: لِيَكُونَ فَضْلُ أَوَّلِ الْوَقْتِ لِلْفَرِيضَةِ، وَلَيْسَ بِمَحْظُورٍ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ النَّوَافِلَ مِنْ أَوَّلِ‌الْوَقْتِ إِلى قَرِيبٍ مِنْ آخِرِ الْوَقْتِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Usman Bin Isa, from Sama’at who said,

‘I asked himasws about the man who comes over to theMasjid and its inhabitants have already prayedSalāt. Should he begin with the PrescribedSalāt or Optional?’ So heasws said: ‘If he was within good timing, so there is no problem with the Optional before the Obligatory; and if he was fearing the missing out due to the passing of the time, so let him begin with the Obligatory, and it is a Right of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic. Then let him pray Optional with whatever he so desires to.

Indeed! The person is with leeway to pray the Optional during the beginning of the time of the Obligatory (Salāt) entering, unless he fears losing the Obligatory; and the superior is when the person prays alone, is that he should begin with the Obligatory, when its time enters in order for the merit of the beginning of the time to be for the Obligatory. And it is not forbidden upon him that he prays the OptionalSalāt from the beginning of the time up to near to the end of the time’.100

4. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ: أُصَلِّي فِي وَقْتِ فَرِيضَةٍ نَافِلَةً؟ قَالَ: « نَعَمْ، فِي أَوَّلِ الْوَقْتِ إِذَا كُنْتَ مَعَ إِمَامٍ تَقْتَدِي بِهِ، فَإِذَا كُنْتَ وَحْدَكَ، فَابْدَأْ بِالْمَكْتُوبَةِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Usman Bin Isa, from Is’haq Bin Ammar who said,

‘I said, ‘Can I pray an OptionalSalāt during the time of an Obligatory (Salāt) ?’ Heasws said: ‘Yes, during the beginning of the time, when he was with a prayer-leader, following him. So when you were alone, so begin with the Prescribed (Salāt) ’.101

5. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : إِذَا دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الْفَرِيضَةِ أَتَنَفَّلُ، أَوْ أَبْدَأُ بِالْفَرِيضَةِ؟ فَقَالَ: « إِنَّ الْفَضْلَ أَنْ تَبْدَأَ بِالْفَرِيضَةِ، وَإِنَّمَا أُخِّرَتِ الظُّهْرُ ذِرَاعاً مِنْ عِنْدِ الزَّوَالِ مِنْ أَجْلِ صَلَاةِ الْأَوَّابِينَ »

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abu Ayoub, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘When the time for the Obligatory (Salāt) enters, shall I pray the Optional or begin with the Obligatory?’ So heasws said: ‘It is preferred that you begin with the Obligatory, and rather delayAl-Zohr from the midday due to the reason of aSalāt of the repentants’.102

6 . عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : إِذَا دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الْفَرِيضَةِ أَتَنَفَّلُ، أَوْ أَبْدَأُ بِالْفَرِيضَةِ؟ فَقَالَ: « إِنَّ الْفَضْلَ أَنْ تَبْدَأَ بِالْفَرِيضَةِ»

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abu Ayoub, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘When the time for the Obligatory (Salāt) enters, shall I pray the OptionalSalāt or begin with the Obligatory?’ Heasws said ‘It is preferred that you begin with the Obligatory’.103

7. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ، عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا أَنَّهُمْ سَمِعُوا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « كَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ـ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ ـ لَايُصَلِّي مِنَ النَّهَارِ حَتّى تَزُولَ الشَّمْسُ، وَلَامِنَ اللَّيْلِ بَعْدَ مَا يُصَلِّي الْعِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةَ حَتّى يَنْتَصِفَ اللَّيْلُ ». مَعْنى هذَا أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ وَقْتَ صَلَاةِ فَرِيضَةٍ وَلَاسُنَّةٍ: لِأَنَّ الْأَوْقَاتَ كُلَّهَا قَدْ بَيَّنَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، فَأَمَّا الْقَضَاءُ ـ قَضَاءُ الْفَرِيضَةِ ـ وَتَقْدِيمُ النَّوَافِلِ وَتَأْخِيرُهَا، فَلَا بَأْسَ.

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Umar Bin Azina, from a number of our companions,

(It has been narrated) they heard Abu Ja’farasws saying: ‘AmirAl-Momineen asws di d not praySalāt from the day until the midday, nor from the night after having had prayedAl-Isha the last, until midnight’.

The meaning of this is that it is neither a time for an ObligatorySalāt nor a Sunnah, because all of the timings were clarified by Rasool-Allahsaww . So as for ‘ الْقَضَاءُ ’ the lapse, so it is a الْقَضَاءُ for the Obligatory (Salāts missed out), and bringing forward the Optional and delaying it, there is not problem’.104 (This is a comment)

8. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَفَعَهُ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : الْحَدِيثُ الَّذِي رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام أَنَّ الشَّمْسَ تَطْلُعُ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيِ الشَّيْطَانِ ؟ قَالَ: « نَعَمْ، إِنَّ إِبْلِيسَ اتَّخَذَ عَرْشاً بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ، فَإِذَا طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَسَجَدَ فِي ذلِكَ الْوَقْتِ النَّاسُ، قَالَ إِبْلِيسُ لِشَيَاطِينِهِ: إِنَّ بَنِي آدَمَ يُصَلُّونَ لِي ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, raising it, said,

‘A man said to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘The Hadeeth which is reported from Abu Ja’farasws that the sun emerges from between the two horns of the Satanla ’. Heasws said: ‘Yes. Ibleesla takes a throne between the sky and the earth. So when the sun emerges and the people performSajdah during that time, Ibleesla says to hisla devils, ‘The children of Adamas are praying to mela ’.105

9. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ الثَّانِيعليه‌السلام : أَكُونُ فِي السُّوقِ، فَأَعْرِفُ الْوَقْتَ، وَيَضِيقُ عَلَيَّ‌ أَنْ أَدْخُلَ، فَأُصَلِّيَ؟ قَالَ: « إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ يُقَارِنُ الشَّمْسَ فِي ثَلَاثَةِ أَحْوَالٍ: إِذَا ذَرَّتْ، وَإِذَا كَبَّدَتْ، وَإِذَا غَرَبَتْ: فَصَلِّ بَعْدَ الزَّوَالِ: فَإِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُوقِعَكَ عَلى حَدٍّ يُقْطَعُ بِكَ دُونَهُ ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Al Husayn Bin Rashid, from Al Husayn Bin Aslam who said,

‘I said to AbuAl-Hassan asws the 2nd, ‘I happen to be in the market, so I recognise the time, and it is straitening upon me if I were to enter (the marketplace) and praySalāt’ . Heasws said: ‘The Satanla approaches the sun during three states – At sunrise, and at midday, and at sunset. So praySalāt after the midday, for the Satanla intends that he makes you fall upon a limit which would cut you off from the ones besides himla ’. 106

12 - بَابُ مَنْ نَامَ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ أَوْ سَهَا عَنْهَا‌

Chapter 12 – The one who sleeps through the Salāt, or forgets about it

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ: وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا نَسِيتَ صَلَاةً، أَوْ صَلَّيْتَهَا بِغَيْرِ وُضُوءٍ، وَكَانَ عَلَيْكَ قَضَاءُ صَلَوَاتٍ، فَابْدَأْ بِأَوَّلِهِنَّ، فَأَذِّنْ لَهَا، وَأَقِمْ، ثُمَّ صَلِّهَا، ثُمَّ صَلِّ مَا بَعْدَهَا بِإِقَامَةٍ إِقَامَةٍ لِكُلِّ صَلَاةٍ ». وَقَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام : « وَإِنْ كُنْتَ قَدْ صَلَّيْتَ الظُّهْرَ، وَقَدْ فَاتَتْكَ الْغَدَاةُ، فَذَكَرْتَهَا، فَصَلِّ الْغَدَاةَ أَيَّ سَاعَةٍ ذَكَرْتَهَا وَلَوْ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ، وَمَتى مَا ذَكَرْتَ صَلَاةً فَاتَتْكَ، صَلَّيْتَهَا ». وَقَالَ: « إِنْ نَسِيتَ الظُّهْرَ حَتّى صَلَّيْتَ الْعَصْرَ، فَذَكَرْتَهَا وَأَنْتَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ، أَوْ بَعْدَ فَرَاغِكَ، فَانْوِهَا الْأُولى، ثُمَّ صَلِّ الْعَصْرَ، فَإِنَّمَا هِيَ أَرْبَعٌ مَكَانَ أَرْبَعٍ، فَإِنْ ذَكَرْتَ أَنَّكَ لَمْ تُصَلِّ الْأُولى وَأَنْتَ فِي صَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ وَقَدْ صَلَّيْتَ مِنْهَا رَكْعَتَيْنِ، فَانْوِهَا الْأُولى، ثُمَّ صَلِّ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ الْبَاقِيَتَيْنِ، وَقُمْ، فَصَلِّ الْعَصْرَ. وَإِنْ كُنْتَ قَدْ ذَكَرْتَ أَنَّكَ لَمْ تُصَلِّ الْعَصْرَ حَتّى دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الْمَغْرِبِ، وَلَمْ‌ تَخَفْ فَوْتَهَا، فَصَلِّ الْعَصْرَ، ثُمَّ صَلِّ الْمَغْرِبَ: وَإِنْ كُنْتَ قَدْ صَلَّيْتَ الْمَغْرِبَ، فَقُمْ، فَصَلِّ الْعَصْرَ: وَإِنْ كُنْتَ قَدْ صَلَّيْتَ مِنَ الْمَغْرِبِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ ذَكَرْتَ الْعَصْرَ، فَانْوِهَا الْعَصْرَ، ثُمَّ قُمْ، فَأَتِمَّهَا رَكْعَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ سَلِّمْ، ثُمَّ تُصَلِّي الْمَغْرِبَ. فَإِنْ كُنْتَ قَدْ صَلَّيْتَ الْعِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةَ، وَنَسِيتَ الْمَغْرِبَ، فَقُمْ، فَصَلِّ الْمَغْرِبَ: وَإِنْ كُنْتَ ذَكَرْتَهَا وَقَدْ صَلَّيْتَ مِنَ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ، أَوْ قُمْتَ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ، فَانْوِهَا الْمَغْرِبَ، ثُمَّ سَلِّمْ، ثُمَّ قُمْ، فَصَلِّ الْعِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةَ. وَإِنْ كُنْتَ قَدْ نَسِيتَ الْعِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةَ حَتّى صَلَّيْتَ الْفَجْرَ، فَصَلِّ الْعِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةَ: وَإِنْ كُنْتَ ذَكَرْتَهَا وَأَنْتَ فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الْأُولى، أَوْ فِي الثَّانِيَةِ مِنَ الْغَدَاةِ، فَانْوِهَا الْعِشَاءَ، ثُمَّ قُمْ، فَصَلِّ الْغَدَاةَ، وَأَذِّنْ، وَأَقِمْ. وَإِنْ كَانَتِ الْمَغْرِبُ وَالْعِشَاءُ الْآخِرَةُ قَدْ فَاتَتَاكَ جَمِيعاً، فَابْدَأْ بِهِمَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ الْغَدَاةَ، ابْدَأْ بِالْمَغْرِبِ، ثُمَّ الْعِشَاءِ فَإِنْ خَشِيتَ أَنْ تَفُوتَكَ الْغَدَاةُ إِنْ بَدَأْتَ بِهِمَا، فَابْدَأْ بِالْمَغْرِبِ، ثُمَّ بِالْغَدَاةِ، ثُمَّ صَلِّ الْعِشَاءَ: فَإِنْ خَشِيتَ أَنْ تَفُوتَكَ الْغَدَاةُ إِنْ بَدَأْتَ بِالْمَغْرِبِ، فَصَلِّ الْغَدَاةَ، ثُمَّ صَلِّ الْمَغْرِبَ وَالْعِشَاءَ، ابْدَأْ بِأَوَّلِهِمَا: لِأَنَّهُمَا جَمِيعاً قَضَاءٌ أَيَّهُمَا ذَكَرْتَ، فَلَا تُصَلِّهِمَا إِلاَّ بَعْدَ شُعَاعِ الشَّمْسِ ». قَالَ: قُلْتُ: لِمَ ذَاكَ ؟ قَالَ: « لِأَنَّكَ لَسْتَ تَخَافُ فَوْتَهَا ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father and Miuhammad Bin Ismail, from Al Faszl Bin ShAzan, altogether from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Zurara,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘If you forget aSalāt or your pray it withoutWuzu (an ablution), and there are outstandingSalāts upon you, so begin with the first of these. So recite anAzan for it and an Iqamah, then pray it. Then pray whatever is after it with an Iqamah, an Iqamah for eachSalāt’ .

And he (the narrator) said, ‘And Abu Ja’farasws said: ‘And you have already prayedAl-Zohr and the morningSalāt has been missed by you, and you remember it, so pray the morningSalāt whichever time you remember it, and even though it may be afterAl-Asr; and whenever you remember aSalāt having been missed out, pray it’.

And heasws said: ‘If you forgetAl-Zohr until you have prayedAl-Asr, so you remember it while you are in theSalāt, or your being free from it, so intend it first, then pray Al-

Asr, for rather it is four (Rak’at) in place of four (Rak’at) . So if you remember that you did not pray the first one and you are inSalāt Al-Asr, and you have already prayed twoRak’at from it, so intend it as the first one, then pray the two remainingRak’at, and stand and prayAl-Asr.

And if (you) remember that you did not prayAl-Asr until the time forAl-Maghrib enters, and you do not fear missing it, so prayAl-Asr, then prayAl-Maghrib. And if you had already prayedAl-Maghrib, so stand and prayAl-Asr. And if you had already prayed twoRak’at fromAl-Maghrib, then you rememberAl-Asr, so intend it asAl-Asr, then stand and complete it with twoRak’at, then greet (Salām) , then prayAl-Maghrib.

So if you already prayedAl-Isha the last, and forgotAl-Maghrib, so stand and prayAl-Maghrib. And if you remembered it and you have already prayed twoRak’at from theAl-Isha the last, or are standing during the third (Rak’at) , so intend it asAl-Maghrib, then greet (Salām) , then stand and prayAl-Isha the last.

And if you forgotAl-Isha the last u ntil you prayedAl-Fajr, so pray A l-Isha the last. So if you remember it while you are in the firstRak’at or during the second one from the morning (Salāt) , so intend it asAl-Isha, then stan d and pray the morning (Salāt) , and recite anAzan and an Iqamah.

And ifAl-Maghrib andAl-Isha the last h ad been missed out on together, so begin with these two before you pray the morning (Salāt) . Begin withAl-Maghrib, thenAl-Isha the last. So if you were to fear that you would be missing the morning (Salāt) if you were to begin with these two, so begin withAl-Maghrib, then with the morning, then prayAl-Isha. So if you were to fear that you would be missing the morning (Salāt) if you were to begin withAl-Maghrib, so pray the morning (Salāt) , then prayAl-Maghrib andAl-Isha. Begin wit h the first of the two, because they are both outstanding, whichever of the two you remember, so do not pray these two except after the rays of the sun’.

He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘Why is that so?’ Heasws said: ‘Because you are not fearing it being missed out on’.107

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ نَسِيَ الظُّهْرَ حَتّى دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الْعَصْرِ؟ قَالَ: « يَبْدَأُ بِالظُّهْرِ، وَكَذلِكَ الصَّلَوَاتُ، تَبْدَأُ بِالَّتِي نَسِيتَ إِلاَّ أَنْ تَخَافَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ وَقْتُ الصَّلَاةِ، فَتَبْدَأُ بِالَّتِي أَنْتَ فِي وَقْتِهَا، ثُمَّ تَقْضِي الَّتِي نَسِيتَ ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Ibn Muskaan, from Abu Baseer who said,

‘I asked himasws about a man who forgetsAl-Zohr until the time forAl-Asr enters. Heasws said: ‘He should begin withAl-Zohr; and similar to that, theSalāt to begin with is that which you forgot except if you fear upon the time for theSalāt expiring, so you should begin with that which you are within its timing, then pray that which you forgot’.108

3. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ صَلّى بِغَيْرِ طَهُورٍ، أَوْ نَسِيَ صَلَوَاتٍ لَمْ يُصَلِّهَا، أَوْ نَامَ عَنْهَا؟ فَقَالَ: « يَقْضِيهَا إِذَا ذَكَرَهَا فِي أَيِّ سَاعَةٍ ذَكَرَهَا مِنْ لَيْلٍ أَوْ نَهَارٍ، فَإِذَا دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الصَّلَاةِ وَلَمْ يُتِمَّ مَا قَدْ فَاتَهُ، فَلْيَقْضِ مَا لَمْ يَتَخَوَّفْ أَنْ يَذْهَبَ وَقْتُ هذِهِ الصَّلَاةِ الَّتِي قَدْ حَضَرَتْ، وَهذِهِ أَحَقُّ بِوَقْتِهَا، فَلْيُصَلِّهَا، فَإِذَا قَضَاهَا فَلْيُصَلِّ مَا فَاتَهُ مِمَّا قَدْ مَضى، وَلَايَتَطَوَّعْ بِرَكْعَةٍ حَتّى يَقْضِيَ الْفَرِيضَةَ كُلَّهَا ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ibn Azina, from Zurara,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws having been asked about a man who prayedSalāt without cleanliness, or forgot aSalāt, not having prayed it, or slept during its (time). So heasws said: ‘He should fulfil it when he remembers it, whichever time he remembers it, be it from the night or day. So when the time for the (current)Salāt enters and he has not completed what he had missed out on, so let him fulfil what he is not fearing the departure of this presentSalāt, and it is more deserving with its timing. Therefore, let him fulfil this. So when he has fulfilled it, so let him pray what had been missed out on from what has passed, and he should not perform an Optional (Salāt) by (even) onRak’at, until he has fulfilled the Obligatory ones, all of them’.109

4. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ جَمِيعاً، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا فَاتَتْكَ صَلَاةٌ، فَذَكَرْتَهَا فِي وَقْتِ أُخْرى، فَإِنْ كُنْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ الَّتِي فَاتَتْكَ كُنْتَ مِنَ الْأُخْرى فِي وَقْتٍ، فَابْدَأْ بِالَّتِي فَاتَتْكَ: فَإِنَّ اللهَ ـ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ـ يَقُولُ:( أَقِمِ الصَّلاةَ لِذِكْرِي ) وَإِنْ كُنْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ الَّتِي فَاتَتْكَ، فَاتَتْكَ الَّتِي بَعْدَهَا، فَابْدَأْ بِالَّتِي أَنْتَ فِي وَقْتِهَا، فَصَلِّهَا، ثُمَّ أَقِمِ الْأُخْرى ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed and Muhammad Bin Khalid, altogether from Al Qasim Bin Urwa, from Ubeyd Bin Zurara, from his father,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘So when aSalāt is missed out by you and you remember it during another time, so if you know that if you were to pray that which is missed out, you would still be within the time, so begin by that which was missed out by you, for Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying [20:14] and establish the Prayer for My Remembrance. And if you were to know that if you were to pray that which was missed out by you, the one after it would be missed out by you, so begin by which you are within its timing. So pray it, then establish the other one’.110

5. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ، عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ، عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنْ رَجُلٍ نَسِيَ صَلَاةً حَتّى دَخَلَ وَقْتُ صَلَاةٍ أُخْرى؟ فَقَالَ: « إِذَا نَسِيَ الصَّلَاةَ أَوْ نَامَ عَنْهَا، صَلّى حِينَ يَذْكُرُهَا، فَإِذَا ذَكَرَهَا وَهُوَ فِي صَلَاةٍ، بَدَأَ بِالَّتِي نَسِيَ: وَإِنْ ذَكَرَهَا مَعَ إِمَامٍ فِي صَلَاةِ الْمَغْرِبِ، أَتَمَّهَا بِرَكْعَةٍ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى الْمَغْرِبَ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى الْعَتَمَةَ بَعْدَهَا، وَإِنْ كَانَ صَلَّى الْعَتَمَةَ وَحْدَهُ، فَصَلّى مِنْهَا رَكْعَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ نَسِيَ الْمَغْرِبَ، أَتَمَّهَا بِرَكْعَةٍ، فَيَكُونُ صَلَاةُ الْمَغْرِبِ ثَلَاثَ رَكَعَاتٍ، ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي الْعَتَمَةَ بَعْدَ ذلِكَ ».

Al Husayn Bin Muhammad Al Ashary, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Al Washa, from Aban Bin Usman, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Abdullah who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about a man who forgot aSalāt until the time for anotherSalāt entered. So heasws said: ‘When he forgets theSalāt, or sleeps over it, he should pray when he remembers it. So when he remembers it, and he is during aSalāt, he should begin by that which he forgot. And if he were to remember it with a prayer leader duringAl-Maghrib Salāt, he should complete it by oneRak’at, then prayAl-Maghrib, then prayAl-Isha after it. And if he had already prayedAl-Isha alone, so he had prayed twoRak’at from it, then remembers that he had forgottenAl-Maghrib, she should complete it with oneRak’at, soAl-Maghrib Salāt would happen to be of threeRak’at. Then he should prayAl-Isha after that ’.111

6. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيى: عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ نَسِيَ الظُّهْرَ حَتّى غَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَقَدْ كَانَ صَلَّى الْعَصْرَ؟ فَقَالَ: « كَانَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، أَوْ كَانَ أَبِيعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: إِنْ أَمْكَنَهُ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ‌ يَفُوتَهُ الْمَغْرِبُ، بَدَأَ بِهَا، وَإِلاَّ صَلَّى الْمَغْرِبَ، ثُمَّ صَلاَّهَا ».

Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Al Fazl Bin ShAzan, from Safwan Bin Yahya,

(It has been narrated) from AbuAl-Hassan asws , sai d, ‘I asked himasws about a man who forgotAl-Zohr until the sun set, and he had prayedAl-Asr. So heasws said: ‘Abu Ja’farasws ’, or said: ‘Myasws fatherasws was saying that if you are able to pray it before missing out onAl-Maghrib, begin with it, or else prayAl-Maghrib, then pray it (Al-Zohr) ’.112

7. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَمَّ قَوْماً فِي الْعَصْرِ، فَذَكَرَ ـ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي ـ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ صَلَّى الْأُولى؟ قَالَ: « فَلْيَجْعَلْهَا الْأُولَى الَّتِي فَاتَتْهُ، وَلْيَسْتَأْنِفْ بَعْدُ صَلَاةَ الْعَصْرِ، وَقَدْ مَضَى الْقَوْمُ بِصَلَاتِهِمْ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, from Al Halby who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about a man leading a group inAl-Asr Salāt, so he remembers while he is praying that he had not prayed the formerSalāt. Heasws said: ‘So let him make it to be the former which had been missed out, and let him resume afterAl-Asr Salāt, and the people proceeded with theirSalāts ’.113

8. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ نَسِيَ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ الصُّبْحَ حَتّى طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ؟ قَالَ: « يُصَلِّيهَا حِينَ يَذْكُرُهَا: فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم رَقَدَ عَنْ صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ حَتّى‌ طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ، ثُمَّ صَلاَّهَا حِينَ اسْتَيْقَظَ، وَلكِنَّهُ تَنَحّى عَنْ مَكَانِهِ ذلِكَ، ثُمَّ صَلّى ».

9. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ الْأَعْرَجِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « نَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم عَنِ الصُّبْحِ، وَاللهُ ـ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ـ أَنَامَهُ حَتّى طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ عَلَيْهِ، وَكَانَ ذلِكَ رَحْمَةً مِنْ رَبِّكَ لِلنَّاسِ: أَلَاتَرى لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلاً نَامَ حَتّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ لَعَيَّرَهُ النَّاسُ، وَقَالُوا: لَا تَتَوَرَّعُ لِصَلَاتِكَ، فَصَارَتْ أُسْوَةً وَسُنَّةً، فَإِنْ قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِرَجُلٍ: نِمْتَ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ، قَالَ: قَدْ نَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، فَصَارَتْ أُسْوَةً وَرَحْمَةً: رَحِمَ اللهُ سُبْحَانَهُ بِهَا هذِهِ الْأُمَّةَ ».

Notice:

The above Ahadith are not mentioned. [www.alhassanain.org/english]

10. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَالْفُضَيْلِ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام فِي قَوْلِ اللهِ تَبَارَكَ اسْمُهُ:( إِنَّ الصَّلاةَ كانَتْ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كِتاباً مَوْقُوتاً ) قَالَ: « يَعْنِي مَفْرُوضاً، وَلَيْسَ يَعْنِي وَقْتَ فَوْتِهَا، إِذَا جَازَ‌ ذلِكَ الْوَقْتُ، ثُمَّ صَلاَّهَا، لَمْ تَكُنْ صَلَاتُهُ مُؤَدَّاةً، وَلَوْ كَانَ ذلِكَ كَذلِكَ لَهَلَكَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَعليه‌السلام حِينَ صَلاَّهَا لِغَيْرِ وَقْتِهَا، وَلكِنَّهُ مَتى مَا ذَكَرَهَا، صَلاَّهَا ». قَالَ: ثُمَّ قَالَ: « وَمَتى مَا اسْتَيْقَنْتَ، أَوْ شَكَكْتَ فِي وَقْتِهَا أَنَّكَ لَمْ تُصَلِّهَا، أَوْ فِي وَقْتِ فَوْتِهَا أَنَّكَ لَمْ تُصَلِّهَا، صَلَّيْتَهَا، فَإِنْ شَكَكْتَ بَعْدَ مَا خَرَجَ وَقْتُ الْفَوْتِ، فَقَدْ دَخَلَ حَائِلٌ، فَلَا إِعَادَةَ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ شَكٍّ حَتّى تَسْتَيْقِنَ، فَإِنِ اسْتَيْقَنْتَ، فَعَلَيْكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَهَا فِي أَيِّ حَالٍ كُنْتَ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from Zurara and Al Fuzayl,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws regarding the Words of Allahazwj , Blessed is Hisazwj Name [4:103] surely prayer is a timed ordinance upon the Believers. Heasws said: ‘It Means Obligatory and does not mean a time being missed out. When that timing is exceeded, then he prays, hisSalāt would not happen to be rendered. And had it been for that, Suleymanas Bin Dawoodas would have been destroyed when heas prayed it during other than its time. But, when heas remembered it, prayed it’.

He (the narrator) said, ‘Then heasws said: ‘When you are convinced or doubt with regards to its timing that you have not prayed it, or you are within a timing of it being missed out, that you did not pray it, pray it. So if you were to doubt after the expiry of the time of it being missed out on, so an obstacle has entered. Therefore there is no repeating upon you from a doubt until you are convinced. So if you are convinced, then upon you is that you pray it in whichever state you were’.114

11. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ، عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام فِي رَجُلٍ نَامَ عَنِ الْعَتَمَةِ، فَلَمْ يَقُمْ إِلاَّ بَعْدَ انْتِصَافِ اللَّيْلِ، قَالَ: « يُصَلِّيهَا، وَيُصْبِحُ صَائِماً ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from the one who narrated it,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws regarding a man who slept through the IshaSalāt. So he did not arise until after midnight. Heasws said: ‘He should pray it and Fast till the morning’. 115

13 - بَابُ بِنَاءِ مَسْجِدِ النَّبِيِّ صلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ‌

Chapter 13 – Construction of Masjid of the Prophet saww

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ: وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ، عَنْ‌ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: « إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم بَنى مَسْجِدَهُ بِالسَّمِيطِ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَثُرُوا، فَقَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، لَوْ أَمَرْتَ بِالْمَسْجِدِ، فَزِيدَ فِيهِ، فَقَالَ: نَعَمْ، فَأَمَرَ بِهِ، فَزِيدَ فِيهِ، وَبَنَاهُ بِالسَّعِيدَةِ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَثُرُوا، فَقَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، لَوْ أَمَرْتَ بِالْمَسْجِدِ، فَزِيدَ فِيهِ، فَقَالَ: نَعَمْ، فَأَمَرَ بِهِ، فَزِيدَ فِيهِ، وَبَنى جِدَارَهُ بِالْأُنْثى وَالذَّكَرِ، ثُمَّ اشْتَدَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الْحَرُّ، فَقَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، لَوْ أَمَرْتَ بِالْمَسْجِدِ، فَظُلِّلَ، فَقَالَ: نَعَمْ، فَأَمَرَ بِهِ، فَأُقِيمَتْ فِيهِ سَوَارِي مِنْ جُذُوعِ النَّخْلِ، ثُمَّ طُرِحَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْعَوَارِضُ وَالْخَصَفُ وَالْإِذْخِرُ، فَعَاشُوا فِيهِ حَتّى أَصَابَتْهُمُ الْأَمْطَارُ، فَجَعَلَ الْمَسْجِدُ يَكِفُ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَقَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، لَوْ أَمَرْتَ بِالْمَسْجِدِ، فَطُيِّنَ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم : لَا عَرِيشٌ كَعَرِيشِ مُوسىعليه‌السلام ، فَلَمْ يَزَلْ كَذلِكَ حَتّى قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللهصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، وَكَانَ جِدَارُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُظَلَّلَ قَامَةً، فَكَانَ إِذَا كَانَ الْفَيْ‌ءُ ذِرَاعاً وَهُوَ قَدْرُ مَرْبِضِ عَنْزٍ، صَلَّى الظُّهْرَ، وَإِذَا كَانَ ضِعْفَ ذلِكَ، صَلَّى الْعَصْرَ، وَقَالَ: السَّمِيطُ لَبِنَةٌ لَبِنَةٌ، وَالسَّعِيدَةُ لَبِنَةٌ وَنِصْفٌ، وَالذَّكَرُ وَالْأُنْثى لَبِنَتَانِ مُخَالِفَتَانِ ».

Ali Bin Muhammad and Muhammad Bin Al Hassan, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, and Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws , said, ‘I heard himasws saying: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww , hissaww Masjid was built inAl-Sameyt manner ( brick by brick). Then the Muslims became numerous, so they said, ‘O Rasool-Allahsaww ! If only yousaww would order with theMasjid so there would be an increase in it’. So hesaww said: ‘Yes’.

So hesaww ordered with it, and there was an increase in it, and it was builtAl-Saeedat manner (a brick by half brick). Then the Muslims became numerous, and they said, ‘O Rasool-Allahsaww ! If only yousaww would order with theMasjid so there can be an increase in it’. So hesaww said: ‘Yes’. So hesaww ordered with it, and there was an increase in it, and its walls were built in the male and female manner (Zakr bil Unsa – i.e. two opposite sides). Then the heat became intense upon them, so they said, ‘O Rasool-Allahsaww ! If only yousaww would order with theMasjid, so there can be shade’. So hesaww said: ‘Yes’.

So hesaww ordered with it, and the straps from palm trunks were placed therein. Then the beams and the baskets, and the grass was thrown on top of it. So they lived therein (under the shade) until the rain hit them. So theMasjid became inappropriate for them, and they said, ‘O Rasool-Allahsaww ! If only yousaww would order us, so we would apply clay upon it’. So Rasool-Allahsaww said to them: ‘There shall be no shafts like the shafts of Musaas ’.

So it did not cease to be like that until Rasool-Allahsaww passed away, and its wall was such that it would shade an upright person. When it (the shadow) was on one cubit, and it was like the crouching goat,Al-Zohr Salāt was prayed, and when it was double that,Al-Asr was prayed’.

And heasws said: ‘Al-Sameyt, is a br ick by brick, andAl-Saeeda is a bri ck and a half brick, andAl-Zakr Bil Unsa i s building two opposite sides’.116

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَسْجِدِ الَّذِي أُسِّسَ عَلَى التَّقْوى ؟ قَالَ: « مَسْجِدُ قُبَا ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Al Halby,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws , said, ‘I asked himasws about [9:108] aMasjid founded on piety. Heasws said: ‘Masjid Quba’.117

3. أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ وَغَيْرُهُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ‌ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي مُوسَى بْنُ أُكَيْلٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلى مَوْلى آلِ سَامٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : كَمْ كَانَ مَسْجِدُ رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ؟ قَالَ: « كَانَ ثَلَاثَةَ آلَافٍ وَسِتَّمِائَةِ ذِرَاعٍ تَكْسِيراً ».

Ahmad Bin Idrees and someone else, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Ismail, from Muhammad Bin Amro Bin Saeed who said, ‘Musa Bin Akeyl narrated to me, from Abdul A’la, a slave of the family of Saam who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘How much was (the size of) theMasjid of Rasool-Allahsaww ?’ Heasws said: ‘It was of three thousand and six hundred cubits squared’. 118

14 - بَابُ مَا يَسْتَتِرُ بِهِ الْمُصَلِّي مِمَّنْ يَمُرُّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ‌

Chapter 14 – What the praying one can veil with from the ones who are passing in front of him

1. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم يَجْعَلُ الْعَنَزَةَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ إِذَا صَلّى ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from MUawiya Bin Wahab,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww used to place the walking stick in front of himsaww when hesaww prayedSalāt’ .119

2. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « كَانَ طُولُ رَحْلِ رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ذِرَاعاً، وَكَانَ إِذَا صَلّى وَضَعَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ يَسْتَتِرُ بِهِ مِمَّنْ يَمُرُّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ ».

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ibn Sinan, from Ibn Muskan, from Abu Baseer,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The length of the saddle-bag of Rasool-Allahsaww was of one cubit, and hesaww used to place it in front of himsaww when hesaww prayedSalāt in order to veil himsaww from the ones who would pass by in front of himsaww ’.120

3. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنِ الرَّجُلِ: هَلْ يَقْطَعُ صَلَاتَهُ شَيْ‌ءٌ مِمَّا يَمُرُّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ ؟ فَقَالَ: « لَا يَقْطَعُ صَلَاةَ الْمُؤْمِنِ شَيْ‌ءٌ، وَلكِنِ ادْرَؤُوا مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Usman Bin Isa, from Ibn Muskan, from Ibn Abu Yafour who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about the man, ‘Should he cut off hisSalāt due to anything from what passes by in front of him?’ So heasws said: ‘Nothing cuts off theSalāt of the Believer, but be protective, whatever you are able to’.

4. وَفِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « لَا يَقْطَعُ الصَّلَاةَ شَيْ‌ءٌ: لَاكَلْبٌ، وَلَاحِمَارٌ، وَلَا امْرَأَةٌ، وَلكِنِ اسْتَتِرُوا بِشَيْ‌ءٍ، فَإِنْ كَانَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ قَدْرُ ذِرَاعٍ رَافِعاً مِنَ الْأَرْضِ، فَقَدِ اسْتَتَرْتَ ». ‌

قَالَ الْكُلَيْنِيُّ: وَالْفَضْلُ فِي هذَا أَنْ تَسْتَتِرَ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ، وَتَضَعَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ مَا تَتَّقِي بِهِ مِنَ الْمَارِّ، فَإِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ، فَلَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ: لِأَنَّ الَّذِي يُصَلِّي لَهُ الْمُصَلِّي أَقْرَبُ إِلَيْهِ مِمَّنْ يَمُرُّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ، وَلكِنْ ذلِكَ أَدَبُ الصَّلَاةِ وَتَوْقِيرُهَا.

And in a report of Ibn Muskan, from Abu Baseer,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Nothing cut off theSalāt, neither a dog, nor a donkey, nor a woman, but veil yourself with something. So if there was in front of you (something of) a measurement of a cubit raised from the ground (in height), so you would have veiled’.

Al-Kulayni and Al- Fazl said with regards to this, ‘You should veil with something and place it in front of you what you can protect with from the passer by. But if you do not do so, there is no problem with it, because the one who is praying is closer to the One Prayed to than the one who is passing by in front of him, but that is for etiquette of theSalāt and its reverence’.121

5. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ رَفَعَهُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، قَالَ: دَخَلَ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ عَلى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: رَأَيْتُ ابْنَكَ مُوسىعليه‌السلام يُصَلِّي وَالنَّاسُ يَمُرُّونَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ، فَلَا يَنْهَاهُمْ وَفِيهِ مَا فِيهِ ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « ادْعُوا لِي مُوسى، فَدُعِيَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا بُنَيَّ، إِنَّ أَبَا حَنِيفَةَ يَذْكُرُ أَنَّكَ كُنْتَ تُصَلِّي وَالنَّاسُ يَمُرُّونَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ، فَلَمْ تَنْهَهُمْ ؟ ». فَقَالَ: نَعَمْ، يَا أَبَتِ إِنَّ الَّذِي كُنْتُ أُصَلِّي لَهُ كَانَ أَقْرَبَ إِلَيَّ مِنْهُمْ، يَقُولُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ:( وَنَحْنُ أَقْرَبُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ حَبْلِ الْوَرِيدِ ) قَالَ: فَضَمَّهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام إِلى نَفْسِهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: « يَا بُنَيَّ، بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي، يَا مُوَدَّعَ الْأَسْرَارِ ». وَهذَا تَأْدِيبٌ مِنْهُعليه‌السلام لَا أَنَّهُ تَرَكَ الْفَضْلَ

Ali Bin Ibrahim, raising it, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,

‘Abu Haneefa came over to Abu Abdullahasws and said to himasws , ‘I saw yourasws sonasws Musaasws prayingSalāt and the people were passing by in front of himasws , and heasws did not prevent them, and what is in it’. So Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘Call Musaasws for measws !’ So heasws was called, and heasws said to himasws : ‘O myasws sonasws ! Abu Haneefa mentions that youasws were prayingSalāt and the people were passing by in front of youasws , and youasws did not forbid them’.

So heasws said: ‘Yes, O fatherasws ! The One Whom Iasws was prayingSalāt to was closer to measws than them. Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying [50:16] and We are nearer to him than his jugular vein’. So Abu Abdullahasws embraced himasws to himselfasws , then said: ‘O myasws sonasws ! By myasws fatherasws and myasws motherasws , O the mine of the secrets!’

And this is an education from himasws , not that heasws neglected the merit. 122

15 - بَابُ الْمَرْأَةِ تُصَلِّي بِحِيَالِ الرَّجُلِ وَالرَّجُلِ يُصَلِّي وَالْمَرْأَةُ بِحِيَالِهِ‌

Chapter 15 – The woman prays Salāt parallel with the man, and the man prays Salāt and the woman is parallel to him

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام فِي الْمَرْأَةِ تُصَلِّي إِلى جَنْبِ الرَّجُلِ قَرِيباً مِنْهُ، فَقَالَ: « إِذَا كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا مَوْضِعُ رَحْلٍ، فَلَا بَأْسَ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad, from Hareyz,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws regarding the woman who praysSalāt to the side of the man, near to him. So heasws said: ‘When there was a place between the two of them of one saddle-bag (cubit), so there is no problem’.123

2. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ، عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُصَلِّي وَالْمَرْأَةُ بِحِذَاهُ يَمْنَةً أَوْ يَسْرَةً ؟ قَالَ: « لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ إِذَا كَانَتْ لَاتُصَلِّي ».

Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Al Washa, from Aban Bin Usman,

(It has been narrated) from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Abdullahasws , said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about the man who is praying and the woman is by his right side, or left. Heasws said: ‘There is no problem with it when she was not prayingSalāt’ .124

3. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام فِي الرَّجُلِ وَالْمَرْأَةِ يُصَلِّيَانِ فِي وَقْتٍ وَاحِدٍ، الْمَرْأَةُ عَنْ يَمِينِ الرَّجُلِ بِحِذَاهُ، قَالَ: « لَا، إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ بَيْنَهُمَا شِبْرٌ، أَوْ ذِرَاعٌ ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ibn Sinan, from Ibn Muskan, from Abu Baseer,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws regarding the man and the woman both prayingSalāt at one time, the woman being on the right of the man by his side. Heasws said: ‘No, unless if there happens to be one shibr (open palm’s width) or one cubit between the two of them’.125

4. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ، عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ: عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَاعليهما‌السلام ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُصَلِّي فِي زَاوِيَةِ الْحُجْرَةِ وَامْرَأَتُهُ أَوِ ابْنَتُهُ تُصَلِّي بِحِذَاهُ فِي الزَّاوِيَةِ الْأُخْرى؟ فَقَالَ: « لَا يَنْبَغِي لَهُ ذلِكَ، فَإِنْ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا شِبْرٌ، أَجْزَأَهُ ». قَالَ: وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ تُزَامِلُ الرَّجُلَ فِي الْمَحْمِلِ يُصَلِّيَانِ جَمِيعاً؟ فَقَالَ: « لَا، وَلكِنْ يُصَلِّي الرَّجُلُ، فَإِذَا صَلّى، صَلَّتِ الْمَرْأَةُ ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, from Al A’ala, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,

(It has been narrated) from one of the two (5th or 6th Imamasws , said, ‘I asked himasws about the man who is prayingSalāt in a corner of the room, and his wife or his daughter is prayingSalāt by his side in the other corner. So heasws said: ‘That is not befitting for him. But if there was one palm’s width (of distance between the two, so it would suffice him’.

He (the narrator) said, ‘And I asked himasws about the man and the woman accompanying each other in the carriage, prayingSalāt together. So heasws said: ‘No, but the man should praySalāt (first). So when he has prayed, the woman would praySalāt’ .126

5. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ إِدْرِيسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْقُمِّيِّ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُصَلِّي وَبِحِيَالِهِ امْرَأَةٌ قَائِمَةٌ عَلى فِرَاشِهَا جَنْبِهِ ؟ فَقَالَ: « إِنْ كَانَتْ قَاعِدَةً فَلَا يَضُرُّهُ، وَإِنْ كَانَتْ تُصَلِّي فَلَا ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Ja’far Bin Basheer, from Hammad Bin Usman, from Idrees Bin Abdullah Al Qummy who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about the man is prayingSalāt and parallel to is his wife, standing upon her bed, by his side. So heasws said: ‘If she was seated, so it would not harm him, and if she was prayingSalāt, so no’.127

6. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رِبَاطٍ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم يُصَلِّي وَعَائِشَةُ نَائِمَةٌ مُعْتَرِضَةٌ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَهِيَ لَاتُصَلِّي ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Fazzal, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Rabaat, from one of our companions,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww was prayingSalāt, and Ayesha was sleeping sideways in front of himsaww , and she was not prayingSalāt’ .128

7. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ، عَمَّنْ رَوَاهُ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام فِي الرَّجُلِ يُصَلِّي وَالْمَرْأَةُ تُصَلِّي بِحِذَاهُ، أَوْ إِلى جَانِبِهِ، فَقَالَ: « إِذَا كَانَ سُجُودُهَا مَعَ رُكُوعِهِ، فَلَا بَأْسَ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Fazal, from Ibn Bukeyr, from the one who reported it,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws regarding the man who is prayingSalāt and the woman is prayingSalāt parallel to him or to his side. So heasws said: ‘If she was performingSajdah along with hisRukū, so there is no problem’.129