Alhassanain(p) Network for Heritage and Islamic Thought

The Hereafter (Ma'ad)

Author(s): Ayatullah Sayyid Abdul Husayn Dastghaib Shirazi

Translator(s): Sayyid Athar Husayn S.H. Rizvi

Publisher(s): Ansariyan Publications – Qum

www.alhassanain.org/english

A detailed account of humanity’s experience of death, and the stages beyond it, including the status in one’s grave, Barzakh, the Day of Judgment (Qiyamah), and the final recourse in Heaven or Hell.

Notice:

This work is published on behalf of www.alhassanain.org/english.

The typing errors are n’t corrected.

Table of Contents

Preface 11

Some Convincing Things about the Hereafter 11

His Blood Proved More Effective Than His Speech 11

The Precious Pearl which could not be Appreciated 11

A Strange Request 12

Double Burial 12

Two Other Persons also had that Dream 12

A Story More Revealing Than a Book 13

Ocean in a Nutshell 13

Note 14

Death 15

No Other Source of Knowledge Except Revelation 15

Characteristics of the Hereafter have nothing to do with Intellect 15

Does a Dead Body Talk? 15

Talking is not Limited to the Tongue 16

Death: The First Station 16

What is Death? 16

The Soul Neither Enters the Body nor Gets Out of it 17

How the soul is taken 17

Who causes death? God, Izra'eel or the angels? 17

The Lord of the Universe has fixed Some Causes for Death 18

Appearance of Izra'eel According to the Deeds of the Dying Person 18

Arrival of Angels and Satans at the time of Death 18

Comfort and Discomfort at the Time of Death 19

Sometimes Discomfort at the Time of Death Redeems Sins 19

Comfort on Deathbed, Reward of Good Deeds of the Dying Disbeliever 20

Confiscating a disbeliever's Soul through Torture 20

A Student of Fuzail who Died the Death of a Disbeliever 20

Dying in Disbelief Due to Sinning 21

Being Pleased with Death 21

Love for the World-Condemned by reason and Shariat 22

Love for this World is an Attribute of Infidels and a Source of Sins 22

Dislike for Death and Weeping Over Demise of the Beloved 23

Expression of Impatience is the Result of Carelessness about the Hereafter 24

Divine Mercies and Bounties 24

The Arrival of Ahlul Bayt (a.s.) at the Moment of Death 24

Even After Death 25

Questioning of the Grave 25

Questioning about Beliefs and Deeds 26

Why this Questioning? 26

Unbelievers will see the Divine Punishment and the Beginning of their Pains 27

The Disbeliever will Fail to Reply all Questions 27

There will be Questioning about Deeds too 27

Deeds are the Companions in Grave 28

The Lord of the World Warns 28

The Disbeliever will be accompanied by a Fearsome Face 29

Squeeze of the Grave is a Fact 29

Squeeze of Grave is Possible Everywhere 30

Reasons of Squeeze of the Grave 31

Notes 31

Barzakh (Purgatory) - The Stage Between this World and the Hereafter 32

Halfway between Reward and Punishment 32

The Facsimile World and the Facsimile Body 32

Picture in the Mirror, with Two Stipulations 33

All Food Articles and Fruits Combined in Only One Thing 33

The Degree of Effects 33

A Man in the Grave Who Hosted Others 34

Reward of Fair dealing and Offering Prayers in Time 35

Lasting Pleasure in the Realm of Barzakh 35

A Cloak Full of Rice in the Valley of Peace 35

Animals Hear the Voice of the Dead 36

Cries Raised by a Hashimi Murderer in his Dream 37

Advice of a Perfumer and Demand by a Jew of His Trust 37

Can Such Things be Denied Absolutely 38

Three Kinds of News 39

There is no Logical Argument against Resurrection 39

Burial of Fatima BintAsad, Mother of Amirul Mu’minin (A.S.) 39

Fatima BintAsad was much Fearful about the Events after Death 40

Effectiveness of Soul in Physical Body 40

The Body of Shaykh Sadooq Found Fresh 40

The Fresh Body of Hurr and the Handkerchief on his Head 41

A Suckling Baby in the Grave of Abu Ja'far Kulaini (r.a.) 41

Fire of Barzakh leaps out of a Grave 42

Fire Hotter than the fire of this World 42

Lightning is the Biggest Fire in the World 42

Those who do not Experience Fear 43

Death at a Time of the Descent of Mercy 43

Two Green Branches and Testimony of Forty Persons 43

Prophet Dawood did not offer Burial Prayer for a Worshipper 44

Testimony of Believers by Dust of Karbala’ on the Shroud of Allamah Majlisi (r.a.) 44

The Good Deeds which Reach the Dead after Death 44

Numerous Gifts as Reward of Charity on behalf of the Dead 45

Request of the Dead to the Living 45

Barzakh is Veiled in this World 45

The Realm of Barzakh Encircles this World 46

Souls are Friendly with One Another and Please One Another 46

The Valley of Peace is the Station of the Spirits of the Faithful 46

Nearness to Amirul Mu’minin ‘Ali (a.s) Attainable through Knowledge and Virtues 46

A Dead Body which was brought from Yemen to Najaf al-Ashraf 47

One who gave Shelter to Locusts around his Tent 47

Close Relation between the Soul and the Grave 48

Reflection of Sunrays in a Mirror 48

Why no Reward or Punishment is Given to this Earthly Body? 48

Every Soul has Two Kinds of Bodies 48

The Soul is either Punished or Rewarded 49

Qur’anic Description of Reward and Punishment in Barzakh 49

In Comfort or in Pain so long as Days and Nights endure 49

Habib Najjar in the Paradise of Barzakh 50

Hard Life and Punishment in the Grave 50

Barzakh till everyone would be raised from the Graves on the Day of Judgement 50

Personality of Man Due to his Spirit or Soul 51

Paradise in Barzakh for the Content Soul 51

Rewards and Punishments of Barzakh as Mentioned in Reports and Traditions 51

Faces in Barzakh would be like People's Faces in this World 53

New arrivals questioned about Others 53

Spirits Meet their Worldly Relatives and Friends 53

The Pool of Kauthar in Barzakh 53

Kauthar and Hameem at the Moment of Death 54

Barhoot - A Sample of Hell in Barzakh 54

Notes 55

Day of Judgement (Qiyamat) 56

Qiyamat from viewpoint of Logic 56

Unbelievers of Hereafter do not understand God's Wisdom 56

Nail as a Support 56

Exit of Excessive Matter through Hair 57

Medicine from Cow dung Beetle Proved Effective for Eye Trouble 57

Is the World's Existence Void of Wisdom? 57

Not a Single Tooth is Without Wisdom 57

Creation would have been Aimless had there been Only Happiness 58

Every Gulp after Thousands of Stings 58

For the Sake of a Joy which will be Without Sorrow or Pain 59

Qiyamat Cannot be Doubted 59

Divine Justice Demands a Day of Judgement 59

True People have Informed about Qiyamat 60

The Best Proof of Resurrection is the Possibility of its Coming 60

There is no Return of a Perished Thing in Qiyamat 61

The Strongest Argument is the Possibility of its Occurrence 61

He will Gather them for the Third Time too 62

Dead Coming to Life in the World 62

Uzair (a.s.) Remained Dead For a Hundred Years 62

Four Birds whom God Made Alive after Dissection 63

Almighty Allah has Power over Everything 64

Fire and Water Together 64

How will the Powdered Bones Become Alive? 65

No Scope for Doubt in Divine Knowledge 65

Creation of Skies is More Difficult and Important than Creation of Man 66

It is obligatory to remove the Harm if there is any Likelihood of it 66

If Mind Hints at a Danger or Harm, Attention Must be Paid 66

All Prophets and Messengers Warned People 67

Imam Ja'far Sadiq (a.s.) Admonishes an unbeliever of Resurrection 67

Resurrection is Great 67

Amr Became Frightened by Qiyamat 68

Red Hot Earth Under the Unbeliever's Feet 68

Fate of Backbiters, Usurers and Corrupt People 69

Those who Harassed Their Neighbours, the Oppressive Rulers and the Proud 69

Offenders will be Recognised by their Faces in the Grand Gathering 70

How will they Walk with their Disfigured Faces? 70

Hearts will Stick to Throats 70

The Fortunate Ones who will be Safe from the Fear of Qiyamat 71

Masjid will be the Ark of Salvation in Qiyamat 71

Death in or En-route to Mecca 71

Patience in Passion and Anger 72

The Love and Guardianship (Wilayat) of ‘Ali is a Guarantee of True Safety and Protection 72

The Absolute 'Hasana' (Good) is the Wilayat of ‘Ali Ibne Abi Talib (a.s.) 72

Precaution or Preparation for the Future 73

Efforts for Betterment of Future and Entanglement in Greed 73

The True Savings Account is with God 73

Israfil will Blow the Trumpet 74

Four Favourite Angels and their Responsibilities 74

Noise in Skies at the Thought of Qiyamat 74

Only God will be there 75

Wonders before the Arrival of Qiyamat 75

Blowing of the Second Trumpet 75

Thank God who Fulfilled His Promise 76

How will they Raise their Heads from Graves? 76

Two Contradictory Hopes about Qiyamat 76

All Secrets will become known 77

The Dress on the Day of Judgement will be Piety 77

Adam (a.s.) Covered his Body with Leaves 77

The Sinners will be Recognized 78

Scene of a Drunkard in the Gathering 78

Faces of Usurers and Musicians 78

The Musician's Instruments will be with him 78

The Condition of Double Talkers 78

Arrogant People and Adulterers 79

Day of Fifty Thousand Years' Duration 79

Why Qiyamat is Called a 'Day'? 79

Sun of truth will shine in Qiyamat 79

The Station of Fear in Qiyamat 79

Flying Away from one another like Locusts 80

Their Fleeing will be of no Use 80

They will beg even for a Single Good on the Day of Judgement 80

Records of Deeds 81

The Fragrance of Good Intention Alerts the Angels 81

Respite in Recording Good and Evil 81

They Note Even the Blowing at Fire 81

Amirul Mu’minin ‘Ali (a.s.) Addresses Indecent Youth Talkers 82

Wisdom Behind Record of Deeds 82

Come! Look at My Mark sheet 82

I Wish they had not Given me my Record of Deeds 83

How the Record will be Given from Behind 83

Severe Pain after Reading the Record 83

No Suspension or a Suspension for a Thousand Years 84

Good Tidings for the Friends of Ahlul Bayt (a.s.) 84

The Holy Prophet will Pay-Up for the Rights of the Shi’as 84

Thanks to God our Account has been Entrusted to Generous Persons 84

Peace and Comfort is Only for the Faithful 86

The Profit of Materialists is Doubtful 86

Four Groups of People according to their Accounting 86

Punishment for a Hundred Years due to One Sin 86

The Provision of Righteousness is to Die with Faith 87

Nullifying of Deeds and Expiation of Sins 87

Curtain between Hatim and Nausherwan and the Fire of Hell 88

Sins which make a Man Die Faithless 88

Faith is the Expiation of Disbelief and Repentance is the Atonement of Sins 88

Good Deeds which Remove Evils 89

Questions on the Day of Resurrection 89

Bounties would be Questioned 90

How was your Behaviour with the Bounty of Wilayat? 90

Everyone will be Questioned about Four Things 90

Questioning about Worship Acts 91

Sins are of Three Kinds 91

Mirsad or the Valley of People's Rights 91

Suspension for One Year because of a Straw 91

A Thousand Years in the Valley of Oppressions 92

Encroachment of Others' Rights 92

No Oppressor will Escape the Punishment due to Him 92

Repayment of Dues of Believers from Unbelievers and Vice Versa 92

Cut in Punishment Equal to Right 93

Fear of the Claim of Rights 93

Most Poor on the Day of Judgement 93

Dealing Based on Grace 93

The Cistern of Kauthar 94

Kauthar, Heavenly Wine - Springs of Milk and Honey 94

Kauthar becomes Happy with the Mourners of Husain (a.s.) 94

The Ears Acquainted with the Heavenly Song 94

Appearance of Muhammad and Aale Muhammad 95

‘Ali Ibne Abi Talib, the Distributor of Paradise and Hell 96

Sirat Bridge 96

A Thousand Bridles of Hell in the Hands of a Thousand Angels 96

The First Valley 97

Ties of kinship, trust and Wilayat 97

Dishonesty in Wealth and Talk 97

Permit of the Wilayat of ‘Ali (a.s.) for Crossing the Sirat 97

Second Valley -Prayer 97

Teach the Prayer to Children and make them Habituated to it 98

Reciting 'Bismillah' by a Child Ends the Chastisement of his father 98

Third Valley - Khums and Zakat 98

Fourth Valley - Fasting 99

Fifth Valley - Hajj 99

Sixth Valley - Ritual Purity 100

Seventh Valley - Oppression 100

Forty Years Imprisonment and Forty Years of Chastisement and Scolding 100

A Strange Story about Burning in Barzakh 101

Intercession 102

The Entire Creation including Messengers will need the Intercession of Prophet Muhammad 102

Greater Intercession is the Prerogative of Only Muhammad and Aale Muhammad (a.s.) 102

Intercession at Every Stage 103

Student who Became a Doctor 103

An Indian Sayyid Lady and Leprosy 103

You will Die after Ten Days 104

Double Life Due to Blessings of Husain (a.s.) 104

Our Hope is Closely Connected with the Intercession of the Holy Prophet 105

Intercession is the Anchor of Hope, not of Pride 105

Wall between People of Paradise and People of Hell 105

One's Radiance (Noor) will be of no use to others 106

Be Anxious about that Day's Noor only Today 106

Araaf, a Place between Paradise and Hell 106

Paradise, the Greatest and Everlasting Bounty 107

True Abode of Peace (Darus Salaam) is Paradise 107

Heavenly Rivers mentioned in the Holy Qur’an 107

Heavenly Dresses 108

Palaces and Precincts in Paradise 108

Sample of Heavenly Chambers 109

Chairs, Carpets and Vessels in Paradise 109

Heavenly Women and Houries 109

Houries are Very Far from Impurities 110

Heavenly Women are Much More Beautiful and Attractive 110

The Marriage of the Women of Paradise will be of their Own Choice 111

Flowers and Scents in Paradise 111

Light in Paradise 111

Songs and Voices in Paradise 112

Prophet Dawood (a.s.) and the Singing Houries of Paradise 112

Reward of Discarding Singing in this World 112

Spiritual Favours and Tastes 112

Greetings by Angels and the Honour of Communicating with the Lord of Universe 113

Neighbourhood of the Prophet and his Progeny 113

Daily Feasts Hosted by the Messengers (a.s.) 114

Admonition - Why Do We Not Try To Get Paradise? 114

The Hell 115

Punishment of Hunger and Thirst in Hell 115

Zaqqoom - Burning Food for Sinners 116

It will Melt the Outer and the Inner Bodies of the Offenders 116

Ghisleen, Zaree, Sadeed and Ghassaq 116

Dress of the People of Hell 117

Discharge, Shackles and Chains 117

Guardians of Hell 117

Hell and its Gates 117

Hellfire has Intelligence 118

The Light of the Faithfuls will Lower Flames of Hell 118

Sinners will Live in a Very Congested Place 118

Mental or Spiritual Torture 119

Unbeliever will not Enter Paradise 119

Deprivation from Divine Bounties is the Worst Punishment 119

Deadly Regrets in Hell 120

Scolding and Spiritual Punishment in Hell 120

Taunting by Satans and Withholding of Weeping by Hell Dwellers 121

You too Found it True what was Promised to you 121

Stay with the Satans in Hell will be a Painful Punishment 121

They will Deny one another 122

Blaming One Another in Hell 122

Will this Weak Body be able to bear such Punishments? 122

Man's Body will also become as Hard as his Heart 122

In the Hereafter, Truth will Overtake Appearance 123

Is Painful Punishment Becoming Divine Justice? 123

Self Prepared Punishment 124

Forced Repentance is Useless 125

A Short Lifespan and Permanent Punishment 125

Eternity will be Based on the Intention of Good or Evil 125

Notes 126

Table of Contents

Preface 15

Part 1 - Chapter 1 19

1. the Lexical Meaning of Sahaba 19

A. in Lexicons 19

B. in the Holy Quran 19

C. Induce the Quranic Verses for Providing for the Lexical Meaning 19

D. Lexical Aspects of the Idiom 19

2. Terminological Meaning of Sahaba 20

A. An Explanation of bn­Hajar's Definition 20

B. bn­Hajar's Estimation of this Definition 21

C. Means of Recognizing the Sahaba 21

D. The Entire People are Sahaba 21

Chapter 2 - Sunnis' Conception of the Sahaba's Ultimate Decency 24

The Sunni Scholars’ Argument Regarding this Conception 24

Tenor of Sunnis' Conception of the Sahaba's Ultimate Decency 24

Punition of Dissents of the Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception 25

The Mystery Beyond Such An Extreme Harshness 25

Recall 25

An Attempt for Mitigating Such A Hyperbole 25

Denying and Eradicating this Attempt 25

Effects of this Opinion of Generalization 26

Wonderment and End Result 26

Criticism of the Conception 27

Unanimity and Discrepancy 27

An Endeavor for Reconciling 27

The Benefit of Such A Classification 28

Discrimination is A Divine Norm 29

Evidence of Legal Discrimination 29

Classes of Sahaba 29

Classification Of The Sahaba As Posited By Al­Hakam In His Al­Mustedrak 30

Approach of Discrimination in Islam 31

Pillars Of Discrimination And Courses Of Decency 31

Estimating the Criteria 32

Wonderment 32

Chapter 3 - Outward Refutation of the Conception 34

First Face: Admission and Witnesses 34

Second Face 34

Prefatory Perusal 35

1st - Confusion 35

2nd - Suggestive Words 36

3rd - Protection and Covering Up 36

A Topical Refutation of the Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception 37

The Wonder of Wonders 38

Aspect of Annulment 38

Expatiating and Proving Aspects of Annulment 38

I. the Conception Opposes Categorical Quranic Texts 39

Manifestation Of Hypocrisy 39

Categorical Divine Judgment 39

Examples Of Contradiction Between The Holy Quran And The Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception 40

Explication of the 3 Examples 41

1. God's Judgment In The Three Individuals 41

2. Sunnis' Judgment Respecting The Three 41

2 The Conception Opposes the Prophet's Traditions - 6 Examples 41

A Solicitation To Scrutinizing The 6 Examples 43

3 The Conception is Contradictory to Actuality - 7 Examples 44

Explication Of The 7 Examples 46

4 The Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception Opposes the General Spirit of Islam, Concept of the Unforeseen End Result and Concept of Cause Finale 46

Explication of the Above Texts 48

Incoherence of the Conception 49

Remarks 49

The Sahaba's Role in Legislation 50

Chapter 4 - the Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception At Shias 52

1. Shias' acceding to the Sahaba 52

2. for Shias, Who are the Sahaba? 52

3. The Basic Difference Point 53

4. Shias' Supplication for Mohammed's Companions 53

The Most Well Memorized Supplication of the Shiite 53

Chapter 5 - Grounds of Consideration of Sahaba 55

Bn­Abbas describes the Sahaba before Muawiya 55

The Will of Hutheifeh­bn­Al­Yeman, the Sahabi 55

Az­Zubeir and the End Result 56

Talha and the End Result 56

Confederates Kill Each Other 56

Ammar­bn­Yasir's Satisfactory End Result 57

Muawiya's Argument 57

Muawiya Penalizes Othman's Assassinators 57

Al­Hassan Al­Basri's Impression on Muawiya 57

Muawiya's Zenith of Glories 58

Muawiya's Officials Revile At Ali 58

Chapter 6 - The Right Course to Recognizing the Decent Sahaba 59

Topical Introductory 59

Inspecting the 2 supplications 59

A wonderment 59

Prospects 59

Explication 59

The solving method 59

Obstructions Of The Solving Methods 60

Conclusive Judgment of the Sahaba's Decency - Recall and Abstract of the Views of Sunnis and Shias 60

Confusion 61

An Event for the Shariite Disclosure 62

The Entire Sahaba's Decency 62

Logical Characterization 63

Wonderment 63

Abstract 63

How should we discriminate the indecent Sahaba? 63

Submission to the Authority Nominated By the Prophet is the Clue to Decency 64

The Decent Sahaba 64

Models of the Sluggish Iraqi and Syrian Individuals 65

Those Who Complied to Muawiya 65

Part 2 - Chapter 1- The Tribal Root 67

The Impermissibility to Combine Caliphate and Prophesy 67

A. the Clans of Quraish 67

B. the Political Form 67

C. Endeavors for Shaking the Form 67

D. the Augury of Prophesy 68

E. the Declaration of Prophesy 68

F. the Hashimites' Guarding Mohammed 68

G. Not for the Favor of the Pagans, It Was Envy, and Preserving the Political Form 68

H. Not for the Favor of the Pagans, the Wars Were Due to Envy and Preserving the Political Form 69

I. the Hashemite Prophesy is An Inescapable Fate 69

J. the most enthusiast clan towards occluding the Hashemite advancement 70

K. The Preeminent Trend 71

L. The Immaculate Kinship is the Statutory Base of Caliphate 71

M. The Rebellion and the Dissipation of the Preeminent Trend 71

The literal quotation of this narrative 72

N. Statutory Ground of Intercepting the Hashemites from Joining Headship to Prophesy Conception 74

O. Effects of Practicing the Conception of Intercepting the Hashemites from Joining Headship to Prophesy 75

The First Effect 75

The Second Effect 75

The Third Effect 76

The Fourth Effect 76

Chapter 2 - Political Roots of the Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception 77

Islamic political system 77

A. Contradiction Between Idealism and Reality 77

B. the Islamic Political System 77

C. Pillars of the Islamic Political System 78

1st Pillar - Political Leadership 78

Purpose Of The Divine Election For Political Leadership 78

2nd Pillar - Organic Relationship Between Divine Doctrine And Selected Leaders 78

3rd Pillar - The Divine Jurisprudential Formulation 79

4th Pillar - The Commonalty's Contentment 79

Simplicity of the Islamic System 80

Political Circumstances of Inventing the Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception 80

Disregarding the Announced Goal for Dissenting the Legality 83

Renaissance After Inadvertence 83

Hypotheses Serving the Factuality 84

Chapter 3 - Purpose of Inventing the Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception 85

1. Substantiation 85

2. Immunity Against Criticism, Maligning, Reviling and Imputing Dishonor 86

3. Confronting Rivals of Muawiya and His Faction 86

4. Engaging Muslims in Discrepancies 86

Grounds of the Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception 87

Ahaadeeths Narrators 88

Muawiya's Merits 88

Ashafi'i's Impression on Muawiya 89

Al­Hassan Al­Basri's Saying 89

The Entire Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception is Having Umayid Flavor 89

Chapter 4 - The Jurisprudential Roots of the Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception 90

The Jurisprudential Authority 90

The Two Authorities 90

1. The Sunnis' Authority is the Entire Sahaba 91

What Is The Doctrinal Base Upon Which Sunnis Relied In Referring To The Sahaba As Legal Authority? 91

2. The Shias' Authority is the Imams and the Authentic Sahaba 91

What Is The Doctrinal Base Upon Which Shias Relied In Referring To The Imams As Legal Authority? 92

Role of the Two Authorities 92

Role Of The Authority At Sunnis 92

Role Of The Authority At Shias 93

Difference in Base is Difference in Effects 93

Numerous Authorities 95

The Doctrinal Judgment About The Variety Of Authorities 96

Cancellation Of The Doctrinal Authority Necessarily Entails Founding A Surrogate One 96

The Only Way Of Founding A Surrogate AuthorityWAS Fabricating The Entire Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception 97

The Conception Would Have Proved Its Failure If It Had Been Invented By Other Than The Rulers 97

The Surrogate Authority Became Legitimate 97

The Solution 98

In the Absence of the Doctrinal Authority 98

The Jurisprudential Dissent 98

Roots Of The Aggressive Prosecution Against The Prophet's Household 99

Property Of The Immaculate Kinship To The Prophet 99

Prospect Of This Property 100

Meanings Of Property Of The Immaculate Kinship 100

Functions Of The Immaculate Kinship Of The Prophet 100

Reasons Beyond Granting Property 101

Incentives 101

This Property Was Used As A Political Argument In Various Ages 101

The Rulers' Political Treatment With The Prophet's Immaculate People 103

Categories Of The Prophet's Kinship 105

Dismissal Of The Immaculate Progeny 106

Representation Of The Prophet's Progeny's Property 106

Chapter 5 - Prospects Attached to the Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception 107

Finding Competitive Specifications 107

A Factual Example 108

Another Factual Example 108

Expounding Upon the Previous States 108

A Striking Surprising and A Wonderment 109

Fulfillment Of The Mission 109

Finding Competitive Protection 109

In Respect of Proclamation 109

Examples on What the Sahaba Gain from the Entire Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception 110

Texts for Reflecting on 110

Wonderment 111

Imparting the Argument By A Medium 111

Expansion in Issuing Verdicts 112

A Principal Restraint on the Narrators 113

Part 3 - Chapter 1 - Signification of Authority 115

Coherence of Authority and Doctrine 115

Authority is A Matter of Specialization and A Technique of Thorough Experience 116

Variety of Authorities 116

Difference Between Doctrine and Authority 117

Wisdom of Effecting the Authority 117

The Authority is An Undeniable Fact 118

Chapter 2 - The Doctrine 120

Two Categories of Doctrines 120

Creating Doctrines and their Essences 120

Characteristics of the Islamic Doctrine 121

The Dogmatic Depiction 122

The Divine Jurisprudential Formulation 122

Chapter 3 - The Competent Practitioner of Nominating the Authority 124

Missions and Functions of the Authority Nominated By God 124

The Authority in the Prophet's Reign 126

The Authority After the Prophet 126

A Preliminary Review To The Actuality 127

The Need Of An Authority After The Prophet 127

Wonderments in Need of Answers 128

Chapter 4 - the Muslims' Attitudes Towards the Authority After the Prophet 129

Who is the Authority Succeeding the Prophet? 129

The Sunnis' Opinion: the Claim of the Prophet's Leaving His Nation Without Nominating A Successor Or An Authority 129

Settlement of the Claim of the Prophet's Leaving His Nation Without An Authority 130

The Prophet’s Successor According to the Sunnis' Opinion 132

For Sunnis, the Prevalent Ruler is the Authority 133

The Representative Authority 133

Congregational Authority for Sunnis 135

Roles of the Authorities for Sunnis 136

Chapter 5 - The Surrogate Authority 138

The Consummation of Installing Features of the Surrogate Authority 138

The Clamorous Encounter 138

Analysis of the Encounter 140

Parties of Encounter 140

Preliminary Results of the Encounter 140

1. Dissension 140

2. Emanation Of A New Huge Trend 140

3. Emergence Of The Ideas Of Predominance And Preferring The Follower To The Master 141

Two Similar Occurrences 142

4. Success And Mastery Of The Prevalent 143

5. Dismissing The Prophet's Immaculate Progeny 144

The New Stuff of Authority 145

Effects of Opposition 146

Chapter 6 - the Authority After the Prophet 147

Shia’s Opinion 147

A. Requisiteness of Authority 147

B. the Divine Declaration of the Authority 147

The Leader and the Authority Nominated By God 149

Reasons Beyond Hostility of Sunnis to Shias 149

Sunnis' Velocity 150

Replication on that Velocity 150

The Two Authorities 150

God is The Nominator Of The 2 Authorities 150

Shariite Proof Of God's Nominating The Individual Authority 150

A Model of the Ghadeer Declaration 152

The Doctrinal Assertion on Ali's Leadership 152

Guidance After the Prophet 153

The Attester After the Prophet 153

The Shias' Congregational Authority 153

The Fruit of the Shias' Pursuing the Doctrinal Authority 154

Part 4 - Chapter 1 155

Regulations of the Society Movement 155

Harmony and Perfection Between the Divine Doctrine and the Political Leadership 155

Qualifications of the Doctrinal Political Leadership 156

Adept At Assuring Availability of the Qualifications Involved 157

The Acceptingness of the Divine Volition 157

The Refusal of the Divine Volition 158

Varieties of Refusal of the Divine Volition 158

Chapter 2 - The Pre-Adamic Divine Preparations for Nominating the Prophet's Successor 160

Before the Birth of Adam 160

In Front of the Solicitation 160

Following the Prophesy 161

Declaring the Succession After the Declaration of Prophesy 161

Declaring and Arranging for the Heir Apparent 162

1. The Credit 162

2. The Fraternity 162

3. The Wilaya 163

Showing Loyalty and Affection to Ali is Estimated As Same As Showing Loyalty and Affection to Allah 164

The Consecutive Declarations and Arrangements for Ali's Next Leadership Were God's Mandate 164

Chapter 3 - The Wali is the Master, the Imam and the Leader 165

The Most Consequential Objective Qualifications Enjoyed By the Leader Succeeding the Prophet 166

Allah's Confidant and the Apostle's Successor is the Knight of Islam 167

Chapter 4 - Allah's Marrying His Confidant and His Apostle's Successor 169

The Good Tidings 169

The Blessed Progeny 169

The Habitation of the Prophet and His Successor 170

Ali is the Prophet's Disciple 170

Denial of the Prophet's Nominating Ali As His Inheritor 171

The Endowments Exclusively Enjoyed By the Leader and the Prophet's Successor 171

The Immunization of the Leader and the Prophet's Successor 172

Chapter 5 - Crowning Ali the Leader and the Prophet's Successor 173

1. When: the Farewell Pilgrimage 173

2. Where: Ghadeer Khum 173

The Divine Mandate of Nominating the Leader and the Prophet's Successor 173

The Verse of Tabligh 174

The Style of the Decision of Nominating the Leader and the Prophet's Successor 174

1. The Text Related By Hutheifeh­bn­Useid Al­Ghefari And Recorded in At­Tabarani's Al­Kabeer 174

2. The Text Related By Zaid­bn­Arqam 175

3. The Text Related By Al­Bera­bn­Azib 175

4. The Text Related By Sa'd­bn­Abi­Waqqas 175

5. The Text Related By Sa'd In Another Form 175

The Perception of the Decision and Receiving Congratulations 176

Texts Quoted from the Immortal Decision of Nominating Ali for the Leadership 176

The Hadith of Ghadeer and the Event of the Nomination is A Certitude 177

The Ghadeer Festivity 177

Fasting On The Day Of Ghadeer 177

Chapter 6 - The Perfection of the Religion and the Completion of the Grace By Nominating the Imam 179

The Divine Disposition of the Transference of Imamate After the Leader's Decease 180

The Specialist in Nominating the Prophet and the Imam 180

The Conscript Imam 180

The Authority in Charge of Nominating the Successor of the Prophet's Successor 181

The Wisdom of Dedicating Imamate to Mohammed's Progeny 182

People's Role in the Process of Nominating the Imam 182

Disintegration Between Actuality and Legality 183

The Legal Imams 183

Exposing the Future for the Leader and the Prophet's Successor 184

The Collapse of the Jahilite Political Form 184

Chapter 7 - the Rebellion 186

The Historical Circumstance that Helped the Rebellion Prevail and the Legality Retreat 186

A. the Clans of Quraish 186

B. the Political Form 186

C. Endeavors for Shaking the Form 186

D. the Augury of Prophesy 187

E. the Declaration of Prophesy 187

F. the Hashimites' Guarding Mohammed 187

G. Not for the Favor of the Pagans, It Was Envy, and Preserving the Political Form 187

H. Not for the Favor of the Pagans, the Wars Were Due to Envy and Preserving the Political Form 188

I. the Hashemite Prophesy is An Inescapable Fate 188

J. The Preeminent Trend 190

K. the Immaculate Kinship is the Statutory Base of Caliphate 190

L. the Rebellion and the Dissipation of the Preeminent Trend 190

The Literal Quotation Of This Narrative 191

M. the Statutory Ground of the Conception of Intercepting the Hashemites from Joining Headship to Prophesy 193

N. Effects of Practic€ing the Conception of Intercepting the Hashemites from Joining Headship to Prophesy 194

1st Effect: The Total Disappearance Of The Discrimination Between Those Who Fought Against Islam And Those Who Fought For Its Sake Till Triumph Was Achieved 194

2nd Effect: Seeding And Sheltering The Unceasing Discrepancy 194

3rd Effect: Excluding The Hashemites Particularly From Coming To Power 195

4th Effect: Confusedness 195

Chapter 8 - Introductories to the Rebellion 196

With the Prophet in His Final Disease 196

The Encounter: Parties and Preliminary Results 197

1. Dissension 197

2. The Emanation Of A New Huge Trend 198

3. Emergence Of The Ideas Of Predominance And Preferring The Follower To The Master 199

Two Similar Occurrences 199

4. Success And Mastery Of The Prevalent 201

5. Dismissing The Prophet's Immaculate Progeny 201

6. Seizure of the Power 203

1. Recollection And Reconnection Of Events 203

2. The Conclusive Success 203

The Two Choices 204

Dress of Legality 204

Chapter 9 - Aims and Objects of Al-Faruq 205

The Ideal Solution 205

Probing the Solution 205

Al­Faruq's Adopting and Developing the Saying 205

Like their Alliance Against the Prophet, People of Quraish Allied Against His Successor 206

The Quraishis Were Planning While the Hashemites Were Drowned in their Grief 207

The Punctilious Planning 207

The First Fruit Of The Planning 208

Planning for Defeating the Hashemites 208

Benefiting the Same Preponderancies for Achieving Aims 209

Equality, Opportunity and Objectivity 209

The Authority Capable of Defeating the Divinely Elected Leader, and the Flawless Cabal 210

The Saqeefa Meeting 211

Unanswerable Questions 211

Who Conveyed the News of the Meeting? 211

Two Men from the Ansar 211

Chapter 10 - Objective Analysis, and Denial of Serendipity 213

The Entering of the Three Muhajirs 215

The Purpose Beyond The Three Muhajirs' Participation 215

In the Saqeefa 217

The Greatest Humanitarian Wealth 218

The Legal Arguments of People of Saqeefa 218

The Argument of the Present Ansar 219

The Purpose of the Three Muhajirs 219

The Legal Arguments of the Three Muhajirs 220

Summary of Abu­Bakr’s Argument Provided Before the Ansar 220

Summary of Omar’s Argument Provided Before the Ansar 220

The Ansar’s Replication 220

Expectation and Substantiation 220

The Caliph Should Be One of Those Three 220

The First Declarer of Fealty 220

Nominating and Swearing Allegiance to the Caliph 221

The Reward 221

Spreading of the News of the Declaration 221

The Unequal Confrontation Between the Divinely Nominated Leader and the New Power 222

The Foremost Declarer’s Judgment 222

An Activity 222

Humiliating and Threatening the Divinely Nominated Leader for Taking His Declaration of Fealty 223

An Endeavor for Seeking Az­Zahra’s Affability 223

Abu­Bakr Aimed At Abdicating 224

The Final Situation of the Divinely Nominated Leader 224

Mystery of the Quraishis’ Rejecting Ali’s Leadership 225

Anticipating The Falling Of The Critical Matter 225

The Fair Partitioning 225

The Quraishi Clans’ Forming a Team 225

Chapter 11 - Depriving the Hashemites of their Political Rights 227

What is the Idea of Deferring the Hashemites 227

Disclosure of Hiddens 227

Al­Faruq’s Expressing the Reasons 228

Al­Faruq’s Impression on the Impracticality of the Hashemites’ Joining Leadership to Prophesy Slogan 228

The Exaggeration In Loyalty To The Slogan 229

Was The Slogan Allah’s Order? 229

What for was Al­Faruq, then, Adherent and Sincere to the Slogan? 230

Al­Faruq’s Situations Towards the Divinely Nominated Leader and the Prophet’s Household 230

On the Intersection of Courses 232

Collapses 232

The Ruling Authority And The Opposition 232

Two Choices Before the Opposition 233

Two Choices Before the Nation 233

Discrepancy of People 233

1. Sunnis 233

2. Shias 234

Notes 236

Part 1 236

Part 2 237

Part 3 240

Part 4 245

Table of Contents

Preface 15

Part 1 - Chapter 1 19

1. the Lexical Meaning of Sahaba 19

A. in Lexicons 19

B. in the Holy Quran 19

C. Induce the Quranic Verses for Providing for the Lexical Meaning 19

D. Lexical Aspects of the Idiom 19

2. Terminological Meaning of Sahaba 20

A. An Explanation of bn­Hajar's Definition 20

B. bn­Hajar's Estimation of this Definition 21

C. Means of Recognizing the Sahaba 21

D. The Entire People are Sahaba 21

Chapter 2 - Sunnis' Conception of the Sahaba's Ultimate Decency 24

The Sunni Scholars’ Argument Regarding this Conception 24

Tenor of Sunnis' Conception of the Sahaba's Ultimate Decency 24

Punition of Dissents of the Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception 25

The Mystery Beyond Such An Extreme Harshness 25

Recall 25

An Attempt for Mitigating Such A Hyperbole 25

Denying and Eradicating this Attempt 25

Effects of this Opinion of Generalization 26

Wonderment and End Result 26

Criticism of the Conception 27

Unanimity and Discrepancy 27

An Endeavor for Reconciling 27

The Benefit of Such A Classification 28

Discrimination is A Divine Norm 29

Evidence of Legal Discrimination 29

Classes of Sahaba 29

Classification Of The Sahaba As Posited By Al­Hakam In His Al­Mustedrak 30

Approach of Discrimination in Islam 31

Pillars Of Discrimination And Courses Of Decency 31

Estimating the Criteria 32

Wonderment 32

Chapter 3 - Outward Refutation of the Conception 34

First Face: Admission and Witnesses 34

Second Face 34

Prefatory Perusal 35

1st - Confusion 35

2nd - Suggestive Words 36

3rd - Protection and Covering Up 36

A Topical Refutation of the Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception 37

The Wonder of Wonders 38

Aspect of Annulment 38

Expatiating and Proving Aspects of Annulment 38

I. the Conception Opposes Categorical Quranic Texts 39

Manifestation Of Hypocrisy 39

Categorical Divine Judgment 39

Examples Of Contradiction Between The Holy Quran And The Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception 40

Explication of the 3 Examples 41

1. God's Judgment In The Three Individuals 41

2. Sunnis' Judgment Respecting The Three 41

2 The Conception Opposes the Prophet's Traditions - 6 Examples 41

A Solicitation To Scrutinizing The 6 Examples 43

3 The Conception is Contradictory to Actuality - 7 Examples 44

Explication Of The 7 Examples 46

4 The Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception Opposes the General Spirit of Islam, Concept of the Unforeseen End Result and Concept of Cause Finale 46

Explication of the Above Texts 48

Incoherence of the Conception 49

Remarks 49

The Sahaba's Role in Legislation 50

Chapter 4 - the Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception At Shias 52

1. Shias' acceding to the Sahaba 52

2. for Shias, Who are the Sahaba? 52

3. The Basic Difference Point 53

4. Shias' Supplication for Mohammed's Companions 53

The Most Well Memorized Supplication of the Shiite 53

Chapter 5 - Grounds of Consideration of Sahaba 55

Bn­Abbas describes the Sahaba before Muawiya 55

The Will of Hutheifeh­bn­Al­Yeman, the Sahabi 55

Az­Zubeir and the End Result 56

Talha and the End Result 56

Confederates Kill Each Other 56

Ammar­bn­Yasir's Satisfactory End Result 57

Muawiya's Argument 57

Muawiya Penalizes Othman's Assassinators 57

Al­Hassan Al­Basri's Impression on Muawiya 57

Muawiya's Zenith of Glories 58

Muawiya's Officials Revile At Ali 58

Chapter 6 - The Right Course to Recognizing the Decent Sahaba 59

Topical Introductory 59

Inspecting the 2 supplications 59

A wonderment 59

Prospects 59

Explication 59

The solving method 59

Obstructions Of The Solving Methods 60

Conclusive Judgment of the Sahaba's Decency - Recall and Abstract of the Views of Sunnis and Shias 60

Confusion 61

An Event for the Shariite Disclosure 62

The Entire Sahaba's Decency 62

Logical Characterization 63

Wonderment 63

Abstract 63

How should we discriminate the indecent Sahaba? 63

Submission to the Authority Nominated By the Prophet is the Clue to Decency 64

The Decent Sahaba 64

Models of the Sluggish Iraqi and Syrian Individuals 65

Those Who Complied to Muawiya 65

Part 2 - Chapter 1- The Tribal Root 67

The Impermissibility to Combine Caliphate and Prophesy 67

A. the Clans of Quraish 67

B. the Political Form 67

C. Endeavors for Shaking the Form 67

D. the Augury of Prophesy 68

E. the Declaration of Prophesy 68

F. the Hashimites' Guarding Mohammed 68

G. Not for the Favor of the Pagans, It Was Envy, and Preserving the Political Form 68

H. Not for the Favor of the Pagans, the Wars Were Due to Envy and Preserving the Political Form 69

I. the Hashemite Prophesy is An Inescapable Fate 69

J. the most enthusiast clan towards occluding the Hashemite advancement 70

K. The Preeminent Trend 71

L. The Immaculate Kinship is the Statutory Base of Caliphate 71

M. The Rebellion and the Dissipation of the Preeminent Trend 71

The literal quotation of this narrative 72

N. Statutory Ground of Intercepting the Hashemites from Joining Headship to Prophesy Conception 74

O. Effects of Practicing the Conception of Intercepting the Hashemites from Joining Headship to Prophesy 75

The First Effect 75

The Second Effect 75

The Third Effect 76

The Fourth Effect 76

Chapter 2 - Political Roots of the Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception 77

Islamic political system 77

A. Contradiction Between Idealism and Reality 77

B. the Islamic Political System 77

C. Pillars of the Islamic Political System 78

1st Pillar - Political Leadership 78

Purpose Of The Divine Election For Political Leadership 78

2nd Pillar - Organic Relationship Between Divine Doctrine And Selected Leaders 78

3rd Pillar - The Divine Jurisprudential Formulation 79

4th Pillar - The Commonalty's Contentment 79

Simplicity of the Islamic System 80

Political Circumstances of Inventing the Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception 80

Disregarding the Announced Goal for Dissenting the Legality 83

Renaissance After Inadvertence 83

Hypotheses Serving the Factuality 84

Chapter 3 - Purpose of Inventing the Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception 85

1. Substantiation 85

2. Immunity Against Criticism, Maligning, Reviling and Imputing Dishonor 86

3. Confronting Rivals of Muawiya and His Faction 86

4. Engaging Muslims in Discrepancies 86

Grounds of the Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception 87

Ahaadeeths Narrators 88

Muawiya's Merits 88

Ashafi'i's Impression on Muawiya 89

Al­Hassan Al­Basri's Saying 89

The Entire Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception is Having Umayid Flavor 89

Chapter 4 - The Jurisprudential Roots of the Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception 90

The Jurisprudential Authority 90

The Two Authorities 90

1. The Sunnis' Authority is the Entire Sahaba 91

What Is The Doctrinal Base Upon Which Sunnis Relied In Referring To The Sahaba As Legal Authority? 91

2. The Shias' Authority is the Imams and the Authentic Sahaba 91

What Is The Doctrinal Base Upon Which Shias Relied In Referring To The Imams As Legal Authority? 92

Role of the Two Authorities 92

Role Of The Authority At Sunnis 92

Role Of The Authority At Shias 93

Difference in Base is Difference in Effects 93

Numerous Authorities 95

The Doctrinal Judgment About The Variety Of Authorities 96

Cancellation Of The Doctrinal Authority Necessarily Entails Founding A Surrogate One 96

The Only Way Of Founding A Surrogate AuthorityWAS Fabricating The Entire Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception 97

The Conception Would Have Proved Its Failure If It Had Been Invented By Other Than The Rulers 97

The Surrogate Authority Became Legitimate 97

The Solution 98

In the Absence of the Doctrinal Authority 98

The Jurisprudential Dissent 98

Roots Of The Aggressive Prosecution Against The Prophet's Household 99

Property Of The Immaculate Kinship To The Prophet 99

Prospect Of This Property 100

Meanings Of Property Of The Immaculate Kinship 100

Functions Of The Immaculate Kinship Of The Prophet 100

Reasons Beyond Granting Property 101

Incentives 101

This Property Was Used As A Political Argument In Various Ages 101

The Rulers' Political Treatment With The Prophet's Immaculate People 103

Categories Of The Prophet's Kinship 105

Dismissal Of The Immaculate Progeny 106

Representation Of The Prophet's Progeny's Property 106

Chapter 5 - Prospects Attached to the Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception 107

Finding Competitive Specifications 107

A Factual Example 108

Another Factual Example 108

Expounding Upon the Previous States 108

A Striking Surprising and A Wonderment 109

Fulfillment Of The Mission 109

Finding Competitive Protection 109

In Respect of Proclamation 109

Examples on What the Sahaba Gain from the Entire Sahaba's Ultimate Decency Conception 110

Texts for Reflecting on 110

Wonderment 111

Imparting the Argument By A Medium 111

Expansion in Issuing Verdicts 112

A Principal Restraint on the Narrators 113

Part 3 - Chapter 1 - Signification of Authority 115

Coherence of Authority and Doctrine 115

Authority is A Matter of Specialization and A Technique of Thorough Experience 116

Variety of Authorities 116

Difference Between Doctrine and Authority 117

Wisdom of Effecting the Authority 117

The Authority is An Undeniable Fact 118

Chapter 2 - The Doctrine 120

Two Categories of Doctrines 120

Creating Doctrines and their Essences 120

Characteristics of the Islamic Doctrine 121

The Dogmatic Depiction 122

The Divine Jurisprudential Formulation 122

Chapter 3 - The Competent Practitioner of Nominating the Authority 124

Missions and Functions of the Authority Nominated By God 124

The Authority in the Prophet's Reign 126

The Authority After the Prophet 126

A Preliminary Review To The Actuality 127

The Need Of An Authority After The Prophet 127

Wonderments in Need of Answers 128

Chapter 4 - the Muslims' Attitudes Towards the Authority After the Prophet 129

Who is the Authority Succeeding the Prophet? 129

The Sunnis' Opinion: the Claim of the Prophet's Leaving His Nation Without Nominating A Successor Or An Authority 129

Settlement of the Claim of the Prophet's Leaving His Nation Without An Authority 130

The Prophet’s Successor According to the Sunnis' Opinion 132

For Sunnis, the Prevalent Ruler is the Authority 133

The Representative Authority 133

Congregational Authority for Sunnis 135

Roles of the Authorities for Sunnis 136

Chapter 5 - The Surrogate Authority 138

The Consummation of Installing Features of the Surrogate Authority 138

The Clamorous Encounter 138

Analysis of the Encounter 140

Parties of Encounter 140

Preliminary Results of the Encounter 140

1. Dissension 140

2. Emanation Of A New Huge Trend 140

3. Emergence Of The Ideas Of Predominance And Preferring The Follower To The Master 141

Two Similar Occurrences 142

4. Success And Mastery Of The Prevalent 143

5. Dismissing The Prophet's Immaculate Progeny 144

The New Stuff of Authority 145

Effects of Opposition 146

Chapter 6 - the Authority After the Prophet 147

Shia’s Opinion 147

A. Requisiteness of Authority 147

B. the Divine Declaration of the Authority 147

The Leader and the Authority Nominated By God 149

Reasons Beyond Hostility of Sunnis to Shias 149

Sunnis' Velocity 150

Replication on that Velocity 150

The Two Authorities 150

God is The Nominator Of The 2 Authorities 150

Shariite Proof Of God's Nominating The Individual Authority 150

A Model of the Ghadeer Declaration 152

The Doctrinal Assertion on Ali's Leadership 152

Guidance After the Prophet 153

The Attester After the Prophet 153

The Shias' Congregational Authority 153

The Fruit of the Shias' Pursuing the Doctrinal Authority 154

Part 4 - Chapter 1 155

Regulations of the Society Movement 155

Harmony and Perfection Between the Divine Doctrine and the Political Leadership 155

Qualifications of the Doctrinal Political Leadership 156

Adept At Assuring Availability of the Qualifications Involved 157

The Acceptingness of the Divine Volition 157

The Refusal of the Divine Volition 158

Varieties of Refusal of the Divine Volition 158

Chapter 2 - The Pre-Adamic Divine Preparations for Nominating the Prophet's Successor 160

Before the Birth of Adam 160

In Front of the Solicitation 160

Following the Prophesy 161

Declaring the Succession After the Declaration of Prophesy 161

Declaring and Arranging for the Heir Apparent 162

1. The Credit 162

2. The Fraternity 162

3. The Wilaya 163

Showing Loyalty and Affection to Ali is Estimated As Same As Showing Loyalty and Affection to Allah 164

The Consecutive Declarations and Arrangements for Ali's Next Leadership Were God's Mandate 164

Chapter 3 - The Wali is the Master, the Imam and the Leader 165

The Most Consequential Objective Qualifications Enjoyed By the Leader Succeeding the Prophet 166

Allah's Confidant and the Apostle's Successor is the Knight of Islam 167

Chapter 4 - Allah's Marrying His Confidant and His Apostle's Successor 169

The Good Tidings 169

The Blessed Progeny 169

The Habitation of the Prophet and His Successor 170

Ali is the Prophet's Disciple 170

Denial of the Prophet's Nominating Ali As His Inheritor 171

The Endowments Exclusively Enjoyed By the Leader and the Prophet's Successor 171

The Immunization of the Leader and the Prophet's Successor 172

Chapter 5 - Crowning Ali the Leader and the Prophet's Successor 173

1. When: the Farewell Pilgrimage 173

2. Where: Ghadeer Khum 173

The Divine Mandate of Nominating the Leader and the Prophet's Successor 173

The Verse of Tabligh 174

The Style of the Decision of Nominating the Leader and the Prophet's Successor 174

1. The Text Related By Hutheifeh­bn­Useid Al­Ghefari And Recorded in At­Tabarani's Al­Kabeer 174

2. The Text Related By Zaid­bn­Arqam 175

3. The Text Related By Al­Bera­bn­Azib 175

4. The Text Related By Sa'd­bn­Abi­Waqqas 175

5. The Text Related By Sa'd In Another Form 175

The Perception of the Decision and Receiving Congratulations 176

Texts Quoted from the Immortal Decision of Nominating Ali for the Leadership 176

The Hadith of Ghadeer and the Event of the Nomination is A Certitude 177

The Ghadeer Festivity 177

Fasting On The Day Of Ghadeer 177

Chapter 6 - The Perfection of the Religion and the Completion of the Grace By Nominating the Imam 179

The Divine Disposition of the Transference of Imamate After the Leader's Decease 180

The Specialist in Nominating the Prophet and the Imam 180

The Conscript Imam 180

The Authority in Charge of Nominating the Successor of the Prophet's Successor 181

The Wisdom of Dedicating Imamate to Mohammed's Progeny 182

People's Role in the Process of Nominating the Imam 182

Disintegration Between Actuality and Legality 183

The Legal Imams 183

Exposing the Future for the Leader and the Prophet's Successor 184

The Collapse of the Jahilite Political Form 184

Chapter 7 - the Rebellion 186

The Historical Circumstance that Helped the Rebellion Prevail and the Legality Retreat 186

A. the Clans of Quraish 186

B. the Political Form 186

C. Endeavors for Shaking the Form 186

D. the Augury of Prophesy 187

E. the Declaration of Prophesy 187

F. the Hashimites' Guarding Mohammed 187

G. Not for the Favor of the Pagans, It Was Envy, and Preserving the Political Form 187

H. Not for the Favor of the Pagans, the Wars Were Due to Envy and Preserving the Political Form 188

I. the Hashemite Prophesy is An Inescapable Fate 188

J. The Preeminent Trend 190

K. the Immaculate Kinship is the Statutory Base of Caliphate 190

L. the Rebellion and the Dissipation of the Preeminent Trend 190

The Literal Quotation Of This Narrative 191

M. the Statutory Ground of the Conception of Intercepting the Hashemites from Joining Headship to Prophesy 193

N. Effects of Practic€ing the Conception of Intercepting the Hashemites from Joining Headship to Prophesy 194

1st Effect: The Total Disappearance Of The Discrimination Between Those Who Fought Against Islam And Those Who Fought For Its Sake Till Triumph Was Achieved 194

2nd Effect: Seeding And Sheltering The Unceasing Discrepancy 194

3rd Effect: Excluding The Hashemites Particularly From Coming To Power 195

4th Effect: Confusedness 195

Chapter 8 - Introductories to the Rebellion 196

With the Prophet in His Final Disease 196

The Encounter: Parties and Preliminary Results 197

1. Dissension 197

2. The Emanation Of A New Huge Trend 198

3. Emergence Of The Ideas Of Predominance And Preferring The Follower To The Master 199

Two Similar Occurrences 199

4. Success And Mastery Of The Prevalent 201

5. Dismissing The Prophet's Immaculate Progeny 201

6. Seizure of the Power 203

1. Recollection And Reconnection Of Events 203

2. The Conclusive Success 203

The Two Choices 204

Dress of Legality 204

Chapter 9 - Aims and Objects of Al-Faruq 205

The Ideal Solution 205

Probing the Solution 205

Al­Faruq's Adopting and Developing the Saying 205

Like their Alliance Against the Prophet, People of Quraish Allied Against His Successor 206

The Quraishis Were Planning While the Hashemites Were Drowned in their Grief 207

The Punctilious Planning 207

The First Fruit Of The Planning 208

Planning for Defeating the Hashemites 208

Benefiting the Same Preponderancies for Achieving Aims 209

Equality, Opportunity and Objectivity 209

The Authority Capable of Defeating the Divinely Elected Leader, and the Flawless Cabal 210

The Saqeefa Meeting 211

Unanswerable Questions 211

Who Conveyed the News of the Meeting? 211

Two Men from the Ansar 211

Chapter 10 - Objective Analysis, and Denial of Serendipity 213

The Entering of the Three Muhajirs 215

The Purpose Beyond The Three Muhajirs' Participation 215

In the Saqeefa 217

The Greatest Humanitarian Wealth 218

The Legal Arguments of People of Saqeefa 218

The Argument of the Present Ansar 219

The Purpose of the Three Muhajirs 219

The Legal Arguments of the Three Muhajirs 220

Summary of Abu­Bakr’s Argument Provided Before the Ansar 220

Summary of Omar’s Argument Provided Before the Ansar 220

The Ansar’s Replication 220

Expectation and Substantiation 220

The Caliph Should Be One of Those Three 220

The First Declarer of Fealty 220

Nominating and Swearing Allegiance to the Caliph 221

The Reward 221

Spreading of the News of the Declaration 221

The Unequal Confrontation Between the Divinely Nominated Leader and the New Power 222

The Foremost Declarer’s Judgment 222

An Activity 222

Humiliating and Threatening the Divinely Nominated Leader for Taking His Declaration of Fealty 223

An Endeavor for Seeking Az­Zahra’s Affability 223

Abu­Bakr Aimed At Abdicating 224

The Final Situation of the Divinely Nominated Leader 224

Mystery of the Quraishis’ Rejecting Ali’s Leadership 225

Anticipating The Falling Of The Critical Matter 225

The Fair Partitioning 225

The Quraishi Clans’ Forming a Team 225

Chapter 11 - Depriving the Hashemites of their Political Rights 227

What is the Idea of Deferring the Hashemites 227

Disclosure of Hiddens 227

Al­Faruq’s Expressing the Reasons 228

Al­Faruq’s Impression on the Impracticality of the Hashemites’ Joining Leadership to Prophesy Slogan 228

The Exaggeration In Loyalty To The Slogan 229

Was The Slogan Allah’s Order? 229

What for was Al­Faruq, then, Adherent and Sincere to the Slogan? 230

Al­Faruq’s Situations Towards the Divinely Nominated Leader and the Prophet’s Household 230

On the Intersection of Courses 232

Collapses 232

The Ruling Authority And The Opposition 232

Two Choices Before the Opposition 233

Two Choices Before the Nation 233

Discrepancy of People 233

1. Sunnis 233

2. Shias 234

Notes 236

Part 1 236

Part 2 237

Part 3 240

Part 4 245