Alhassanain(p) Network for Heritage and Islamic Thought

Table of Contents

Dedication 25

INTRODUCTION 26

(1) 26

(2) 27

(3) 32

1. Positive Resistance 33

2. Negative Resistance 33

(4) 36

(5) 37

Notes 38

Chapter 1: His Birth and His Childhood 39

The Blessed Baby 42

General Food 43

His Pure Childhood 43

Love and Honoring 43

His Features 44

His Veneration and Esteem 44

The Inscription of his Ring 45

His Kunyas 45

His Nicknames 45

Al-Sabir (the Patient) 45

Al-Zahir (the Brilliant) 45

Al-'Abd al-Salih (the pious worshipper) 45

Al-Sayyid (the Master) 45

Al-Wafi (the Faithful) 45

Al-Amin (the Trusted one) 45

Qa'id al-'Askar (the Commander of the Troops) 45

Al-Kazim (the Restrained) 46

Dhu al-Nafs al-Zakiya (the One with a pure soul) 46

Bab al-Hawa'ijj (the Gate of Needs) 46

Chapter II: His Genius and Superiority 49

1. Heredity 49

2. The Family 50

3. The Environment 50

Cleverness and Genius 51

With Abu Hanifa 52

His Decision against Abu al-Khattab 53

Chapter III: School of Imam al-Sadiq 56

The First Founder 56

At the Time of Imam al-Sadiq 58

The factors of Development and Prosperity 59

The Public Center 60

The Science Delegations 60

The Number of its Students 60

Its Branches 61

His Professional Students 62

Recording Sciences 62

Pride and Glory 64

Its special Nature 65

The Authority fears the Imam's School 66

The Teaching Programs 67

Noble Moral Traits 67

Justice 69

Preferring the Truth 69

Bringing together the People of Separation 69

Oppression 69

Cooperation 70

His Words about Allah 70

The Qualities of the Believers 71

Piety 72

In the Time of Imam Musa 72

Chapter IV: His Ideals 73

His Imamate 73

The Meaning of the Imamate 73

The Necessity of the Imamate 73

Agreement on the Necessity of the Imamate 74

The Duties of the Imam 74

The Qualities of the Imam 76

1. Infallibility 76

The Designation of the Imam for the Imamate 79

The Statement of Imam al-Rida 80

Texts on the Imamate 84

The Texts on his Imamate 86

1. Al-Mufaddal Bin 'Umar 86

2. Yazid Bin Sulayt 86

3. Dawud Bin Kuthayr 87

4. Al-Fayd Bin al-Mukhtar 87

5. Ibraheem al-Karkhi 88

6. 'Isa al-'Alawi 88

7. Mu'adh Bin Kuthayr 89

8. Mansur Bin Hayim 89

9. Sulayman Bin Khalid 89

10. Saffwan al-Jammal 89

11. Ishaq Bin Ja'far 89

12. 'Ali Bin Ja'far 89

13. Zayd Bin Asbat 90

14. Salama Bin Muhriz 90

15. Zarara Bin A'yun 90

16. A Shi'ite 92

17. A Companion of his 92

His Scientific Talents 92

His Worship and Fear of Allah 93

A. His Prayers 93

B. His Fasting 95

C. His Performing the Hajj 95

D. His Reciting the Qur'an 97

E. His Weeping out of Fear of Allah 97

F. His Releasing Salves 97

His Renouncing the World 97

His Generosity and Liberality 98

1. Muhammed al-Bakri 98

2. Black Servant 99

3. 'Isa Bin Muhammed 100

4. A Poor Man 100

His Clemency 100

His Directions 102

His Kindness to Men 104

Chapter V: Statements and Opinions 106

1. Imam al-Sadiq 106

2. Harun al-Rashid 106

3. Ibn al-Saa'i 106

4. 'Abd Allah Bin As'ad al-Yafy 107

5. Ibn al-Jawzi 107

6. Abu Hatim 107

7. Al-Qarmani 107

8. Muhammed b. Ahmed al-Dhahaby 107

9. Khayr al-Deen al-Zargaly 107

10. Al-Hasan Bin 'Abd Allah al-Bakhshy 107

11. Ahmed Bin 'Abd Allah al-Khazrajy 108

12. Ibn Hejer al-'Asqelani 108

13. Al-Sayyid 'Ali Fikry 108

14. Dr. Zaky Mubarek 108

15. 'Ali Bin Muhammed al-Maliky (Ibn al-Sabbagh) 108

16. Al-Fedl Bin al-Hasan al-Tabrasi 108

17. Muhammed Ameen Ghalib 108

18. Ibn Ma'iya 108

19. Al-Sayyid Kazim al-Yemeni 109

20. Muhammed Bin 'Ali Bin Shahrashub 109

21. Al-Sayyid Damen Bin Shedqam 109

22. 'Ali Bin Muhammed al-Sufi 109

23. Muhammed al-Sebbaan 109

24. Ahmed Bin Hajar al-Haythemi 109

25. Ahmed Bin Ya'qub (Ibn Waadih) 110

26. 'Abd al-Wahaab al-Sha'raany 110

27. Al-Nebehaani 110

28. Muhammed Bin Telha al-Shafi'i 110

29. Al-Shaykh al-Mufeed 110

30. Hefs 110

31. Al-Shiblanjy 110

32. 'Ali Bin 'Isa al-Arbeli 111

33. Al-Khateeb al-Baghdadi 111

34. Dr. Muhammed Yousif Musa 112

35. Shaykh Sulayman (Khaja Kelan) 112

36. The genealogist Ahmed Bin 'Ali 112

37. Mahmud Bin Weheeb al-Qeraghuly 112

38. Muhammed Ameen al-Suwaydi al-Baghdadi 112

39. Dr. 'Abd al-Jebbar al-Joumerd 112

40. Jamal al-Deen al-Atabeki 112

Chapter VI: Some of His Intellectual Legacy 114

His Treatise on Reason 114

1. Deduction is obligatory 115

2. Guidance is Occurrence 115

1. The Creation of the Heaven and the Earth 116

2. The Earth 117

3. The Difference between the Night and the Day 118

4. The Running of Ships 119

5. The Coming down of Rain from Clouds 119

6. The Spreading of Animals on the Earth 119

7. The Changing of the Winds 120

8. Clouds made subservient 121

His Treatise on the Oneness of Allah 139

The Reality of al-Bida' in the Sight of the Shi'a 140

Criticizing the Shi'ites 142

1. Sulayman Bin Jareer 142

2. Al-Fakhr al-Razi 143

3. Ahmed Ameen 143

Imam Musa's Opinion 143

Faith in Allah 144

Science 145

Obtaining Understanding in Religion 146

Sitting with (religious) Scholars 146

The Excellence of Jurists 147

Work 147

Warning against Laziness 148

Moderation 148

Noble Moral Traits 148

Generosity and good Manners 148

Piety 149

Patience 149

Silence 149

Pardon and Restoration 149

Saying good Words 149

Saying the Truth 149

Good Neighborhood 150

Relieving Sanctuary-seekers 150

Paying Visit to Brothers 150

Consent with Allah’s Decree 150

Gratitude for Bounties 150

Reckoning Soul 150

Consultation 151

Evil Deeds 151

Following Mean Desires 151

Disobedience of Parents 151

Regarding Sins as Small 151

Joking 151

His Supplications 151

His Supplication against Someone who wronged him 152

His Supplication in Seeking Needs 155

His Supplication for Help in Repaying Debts 155

His Supplication for Seeking Veil 155

Sermons and Commandments 155

Directions and Guidance 156

General Advice 156

Urging for Doing Good 156

His Debates and Discussions 156

1. With Nafee‘ al-Ansari 157

2. With al-Fedl b. al-Rabi‘ 157

3. With Abu Yousif 158

4. With Abu Hanifa 158

5. With Harun al-Rashid 158

With some Jewish Scholars 165

With Burayha 165

With a Monk 166

His Composing Poetry 167

Comprehensive Sayings: 168

Chapter VII: The Collapse of the Umayyad Government 174

Ahl al-Bayt meet Severe Punishments 174

The Shi'a are persecuted 177

The Battle of al-Hurra 177

The Policy of Unbelief and Oppression 178

Fiscal Policy 181

Additional Taxes 182

The Choice of the Properties 183

The People refuse their own Possessions 183

The Governors and the Tax collectors 184

Showing Despise toward the Peoples 186

Their Persecuting the Non-Muslims Subjects 186

Their Oppressing Non-Arab Muslims 187

The Dissoluteness of the Umayyad Kings 188

Yazid Bin 'Abd al-Malik 188

Al-Walid Bin Yazid 189

The Fanaticism between the Yemenis and the Nazaris 190

The Results of the Events 191

1. The Local Revolts 191

2. The Summons to the 'Alawids 191

3. The General Disorder 193

The Great Revolt 194

The Founder of the Revolt 194

The Center of the Revolt 195

Al-Abwa' Conference 195

Abu Muslim is elected 196

Ibrahim's Teachings to Abu Muslim 196

In Khuresan 197

With Nasar Bin Sayyar 197

Chapter VIII: At the Time of al-Saffah 200

The Battle of al-Zaab 201

The Umayyads escape 202

Genocide 203

1. In Basrah 203

2. In Mecca and Medina 204

3. In al-Hirah 204

The 'Abbasids dig up the Graves of the Umayyads 206

Al-Saffah and the 'Alawids 206

Imam al-Sadiq's Attitude 207

1. With the 'Alawids 208

2.With Abu Salama 209

3. With Abu Muslim 210

Abu Muslim repents 211

Al-Saffah dies 212

Chapter IX: During the Time of al-Mansur 214

The Aspects of al-Mansur's Personality 215

1. Miserliness 215

A. He deprived himself of pleasures 215

B. His showing Miserliness toward his friends 216

C. His Depriving the Writers of Giving 216

D. With al-Mehdi 218

E. With the Jurist Ibn al-Samman 219

F. With his Governors 220

The Reasons for his Miserliness 220

His Despotism 221

His Assassinations 221

1. Abu Muslim 222

2. 'Abd Allah b. 'Ali 222

3. Muhammed Bin Abi al-'Abbas 223

His Ruinous Offences 224

1. His Frightening the Civilians 224

2. His Making little of the Kaaba 225

3. His Embezzling Properties 226

4. His Punishing the 'Alawids severely 226

The Reasons for the Revolt 226

1. The Sense of Responsibility 226

2. Self-esteem and Refusal 227

3. Deprivation of their Rights 228

Imam Bin al-Sa'i's Statement 229

His Spying on the 'Alawids 230

His Arresting the 'Alawids 231

His Transferring them to Iraq 232

Imam al-Sadiq's anguish 232

His Letter to 'Abd Allah 233

At al-Rabadha 235

At al-Hashimiya 236

His confiscating the 'Alawids' properties 238

The Revolt of Muhammed al-Zaki 238

The Revolt of Ibrahim al-Zaki 240

His Putting them in Columns 243

The Case of the 'Alawids' Heads 244

The 'Alawids ask al-Mansur for Mercy 244

Imam al-Sadiq passes away 245

The Shi'ites follow Imam Musa 248

Al-Mansur's Policy is criticized 250

1. 'Abd Allah b. Tawus 250

2. Sufyan al-Thawri 251

4. 'Abd al-Rahman b. Ziyad 252

5. A great Reformer 253

6. 'Amru Bin 'Ubayd 254

Imam Musa with al-Mansur 254

The Death of al-Mansur 256

Chapter X: At the Time of al-Mehdi 257

His Dissoluteness 257

His Lavish Expenditure and Extravagance 259

The Influence of Woman 260

Bribe and Oppression 260

His Taking care of the Fabricators 261

His Showing Enmity toward the 'Alawids 261

His Spending a lot of Money on Disparaging the 'Alawids 262

His distressing his Minster Ya'qub 263

With Imam Musa 265

His giving a Proof of that Wine is forbidden 265

The Borders of Fadak 265

His Widening al-Mesjid al-Haram 266

Imam Musa is arrested 266

The Death of al-Mehdi 267

Chapter XI: At the Time of al-Hadi 269

His Tendencies 269

A. His Vainglory and his Recklessness 269

B. His Amusement and Dissoluteness 269

C. His Ill-temperedeness 269

D. His Showing Enmity toward the ‘Alawids 270

The Tragedy of Fekh 270

Al-Husayn, the great Revolutionist 270

A. His clear Lineage 270

B. His Early Life 271

C. His unique Qualities 271

The Reasons for his Revolt 272

His Martyrdom 275

The Prisoners of War reaches al-Hadi 276

His threatening Imam Musa 277

Imam Musa pays no attention to al-Hadi’s Threats 277

His Supplication against him 278

The Death of Musa al-Hadi 284

Chapter XII: The time of Al-Rashid 286

His Fiscal Policy 289

His general Budget 291

Gifts to Singers 292

His Gifts to the Poets 295

His spending lavishly on Food 297

His Spending lavishly on Salve Girls 298

His Fondness of Jewels 301

The Extravagance of Zubayda 302

The Lavishness of al-Beramika 303

His Letter to Sufyan 306

Sufyan’s Answer 306

Ibn Khaldun’s Statement 308

Al-Joumerd’s Defense 308

His Fondness of Singing 310

His Drinking Wine 313

His Playing Backgammon 315

The Imam’s Attitude 316

Harun severely punishes the ‘Alawids 317

Harun banishes them from Baghdad 317

His Disparaging them 318

A Terrible Massacre 321

His demolishing the Shrine of al-Husayn 323

Harun orders the ‘Alawids to be executed and assassinated 323

1.‘Abd Allah b. al-Hasan b. ‘Ali b. Imam Zayn al-‘Abidin 323

2. Al-’Abbas b. Muhammed b. ‘Abd Allah b. Imam Zayn al-‘Abidin 324

3. Idris b. ‘Abd Allah b. al-Hasan b. al-Hasan b. Imam ‘Ali, the Commander of the faithful, peace be on him 324

A. His distinguishing Features 325

B. His Scientific Position 326

C. His Early Life 326

D. His taking Part in the Revolt of al-Husayn 326

E. His Flight to al-Daylem 326

F. Al-Fedl goes out to war against him 327

G. The scatter of Yehya’s companions 327

H. The Peace Treaty 328

I. His going to Baghdad 328

J. With Imam Musa, peace be on him 330

K. Breaking the Security 331

L. His Martyrdom 332

5. Muhammed b. Yehya b. ‘Abd Allah b. al-Hasan b. al-Hasan b. Imam ‘Ali, the Commander of the faithful, peace be on him 333

6. Al-Husayn Bin ‘Abd Allah Bin Isma‘il Bin ‘Abd Allah Bin Ja‘far Bin Abi Talib, peace be on him 333

7. Ishaq Bin al-Hasan Bin Zayd Bin al-Hasan Bin ‘Ali Bin Abi Talib, peace be on him 333

Chapter XIII: The Time of the Imam 336

Al-Shi‘ubiya 337

A. The Definition of al- shi‘ubiya 337

B. Its Beginning 337

C. Its Development 338

The Attitude of Islam toward it 340

Ahmed Amin’s Fabrications 342

Atheism and Hypocrisy 343

The Beginning of Atheism 344

Kinds of Atheism 344

At the Umayyad Time 345

D. At the ‘Abbasid Time 345

The Manawiya (Manism) 346

The Mezdakiya (Mezdekism) 347

The Zeradishtiya 347

The Summoners to Atheism 348

The Atheists are persecuted 349

Going too far in Accusing 351

The Imams debate with them 352

Imam al-Sadiq’s Debates 353

Imam Musa 355

1. His confuting the Movement of Allah 356

2. Negating Body from Allah 357

3. The Meaning of Allah 357

4. His Knowledge 358

5. Allah’s Will 358

6. Allah’s Desire 359

7. The Formative and Legislative Will 359

Bad Manners 360

Misery and Unhappiness 361

The Policy of the ‘Abbasid Government 363

The Muslim Sects 364

The Meaning of the Shi‘a 366

The Beginning of the Shi‘a 366

The Ideological Frame of Shi‘a 371

Love for Ahl al-Bayt 371

The Revolt against Oppression 372

Courage and Intrepidity 373

Exemplary Punishments on the Shi‘ites 375

Wonderful Resistance 377

A. The Secret Propaganda 378

B. Forming Parties 378

C. The Debates 378

D. Writings on Walls 379

E. Practicing Teqiya 380

The Shi‘ite Sects 381

1. Al-Kaysaniya 381

2. Al-Zaydiya 382

3. Al-Imamiya 383

4. Al-Fetehiya 385

5. Al-Semetiya 385

6. Al-Khettabiya 385

7. Al-Nawusiya 386

8. Al-Isma‘iliya 386

9. Al-Waqifiya 387

A. The Reason for al-Waqf 387

B. Its Spread 388

The Imams condemn al-Waqf 388

10. Al-Qeramita 390

The Problem of the Excessive 390

The Problem of the Creation of the Qur’an 392

The Disaster of the Bermekis 392

1. Ja‘far betrays al-‘Abbasa 393

2. The Accusation of Shi‘ism 393

3. Their wide Influence 394

The Execution of Ja‘far 395

Chapter XIV: A Group of his Companions and of the Narrators of his Traditions 397

1. Aban Bin ‘Uthman 398

2. Ibrahim Bin Abi al-Bilad 398

3. Ibrahim Bin Abi Bakr 398

4. Ibrahim Bin Shu‘ayb al-‘Aqarqufi 398

5. Ibrahim Bin ‘Abd al-Hameed al-San‘ani 398

6. Ibrahim Bin Muhammed al-Ju’di 399

7. Ibrahim Bin Muhammed al-Ash‘ary, al-Qummi 399

8. Ibrahim Bin Nasr Bin al-Qa‘qa‘ al-Ju‘fi 399

9. Ibrahim Bin Naeem al-‘Abdi al-Kinani 399

10. Ibrahim Bin Yousif al-Kindi, al-Tahhan 399

11. Ahmed Bin Abi Bishr 399

12. Ahmed Bin al-Harith 399

13. Ahmed Bin al-Hasan Bin Isma’il al-Tammar 399

14. Ahmed Bin Ziyad 399

15. Ahmed Bin ‘Amru Bin Abi Shu‘ba al-Halabi 400

16. Ahmed Bin al-Fedl al-Khaza‘i 400

17. Ahmed Bin Muhammed 400

18. Ahmed Bin Muhammed al-Najashi 400

19. Ahmed Bin Mukhalad al-Nakhkhas 400

20. Ahmed Bin Zayd 400

21. Usama Bin Hafs 400

22. Asbat Bin Salim 400

23. Ishaq Bin Jareer 400

24. Ishaq Bin ‘Abd Allah Bin Malik al-Ash‘ary, al-Qummi 400

25. Ishaq Bin ‘Ammar al-Kufi al-Sayrafi 400

26. Ishaq Bin ‘Ammar al-Sabati 401

27. Ishaq Bin Muhammed 401

28. Isma‘il Bin Abi Sammal 401

29. Isma‘il Bin al-Hasan 401

30. Isma‘il Bin ‘Abd al-Khaliq 401

31. Isma‘il Bin Muhammed al-Manqari 401

32. Umayya Bin ‘Amru 401

33. Aymen Bin Muhriz 402

34. Ayyub Bin Ayun al-Kufi 402

35. Ayyub Bin al-Hurr al-Ju‘fi 402

36. Besheer al-Dahhan 402

37. Bakr Bin al-Ash‘ath, Abu Isma’il al-Kufi 402

38. Bakr Bin Salih al-Razi 402

39. Bakr Bin Muhammed Bin Jinah 402

40. Bakr Bin Muhammed Bin Na‘eem al-Azdi al-Ghamidi 402

41. Tha‘laba Bin Maymun al-Asadi al-Kufi 402

42. Ja‘far Bin Khalaf al-Kufi 403

43. Ja‘far Bin Sulayman 403

44. Ja‘far Bin Samma‘ah 403

45. Ja‘far Bin Muhammed Bin Hakim al-Khath‘ami 403

46. Jameel Bin Darrajj Bin ‘Abd Allah al-Nakha‘i al-Kufi 403

47. Jameel Bin Salih al-Asadi al-Kufi 403

48. Jundub Bin Ayyub 404

49. Jahm Bin Abi Juhaym 404

50. Juhaym Bin Ja‘far Bin Jayyan 404

51. Habeeb Bin al-Mu‘alil al-Khath’ami al-Medaini 404

52. Hadeed Bin al-Hakeem, Abu ‘Ali al-Azdi al-Meda’ini 404

53. Hudhayfa Bin Mansur, Bayya‘ al-Sabiri 404

54. Hassan Bin Mahran al-Jammal 404

55. Al-Hasan Bin Abi al-‘Arandas al-Kufi 404

56. Al-Hasan Bin Basheer 404

57. Al-Hasan Bin Ayyub 404

58. Al-Hasan Bin al-Jahm Bin Bukayr, Abu Muhammed al-Shaybani 405

59. Al-Hasan Bin Rashid 405

60. Al-Hasan Bin Sadafa al-Meda’ini 405

61. Al-Hasan Bin ‘Abd Allah 405

62. Al-Hasan Bin ‘Ali Bin Yaqteen Bin Musa 405

63. Al-Hasan Bin ‘Ali Bin Faddal Bin ‘Amru Bin Anees al-Temimi 405

64. Al-Hasan Bin Amir Bin Sulayman 405

65. Al-Hasan Bin Mahbub al-Sarrad 406

66. Al-Hasan Bin Muhammed Bin Samma‘ah al-Kindi al-Sayrafi 406

67. Al-Husayn Bin Ibrahim Bin Musa 406

68. Al-Husayn Bin Rashid 406

69. Al-Husayn Bin Bashshar al-Meda’ini 406

70. Al-Husayn Bin al-Jahm Bin Bukayr Bin A‘yun 406

71. Al-Husayn Bin Khalid al-Sayrafi 407

72. Al-Husayn Bin Zayd Bin ‘Ali Bin al-Husayn 407

73. Al-Husayn Bin Sadaqa 407

74. Al-Husayn Bin ‘Uthman Bin Shurayk Bin Adi al-Amiri al-Wahidi al-Kufi 407

75. Al-Husayn Bin al-Qasim al-‘Abbasi 407

76. Al-Husayn Bin Qiyama 407

77. Al-Husayn Bin Kaysan 407

78. Al-Husayn Bin Muhammed Bin al-Fedl al-Hashimi 407

79. Al-Husayn Bin al-Mukhtar al-Qalanisi, al-Kufi 408

80. Al-Husayn Bin Musa 408

81. Al-Husayn Bin Mahran al-Sukuni 408

82. Al-Husayn Bin Makhariq 408

83. Hafs Bin al-Bakhtary al-Baghdadi 408

84. Hafs Bin Sulayman 408

85. Hafs Bin Sawaqa al-‘Umari 408

86. Hafs Bin Gayyath al-Nakha’i al-Kufi 408

87. Al-Hakam Bin Ayun al-Hannat 408

88. Hammad Bin ‘Uthman Bin ‘Amru Bin Khalid al-Fazari, al-Kufi 409

89. Hammad Bin ‘Uthman Bin Ziyad al-Rawasi 409

90. Hammad Bin ‘Isa al-Juhni al-Basri 409

91. Hammad Bin al-Mu‘afa al-Subayhi 409

92. Hamza Bin al-Yasa‘ al-As‘ari al-Qumi 409

93. Hameed Bin al-Muthana al-‘Ijli, Abu al-Mu‘iz al-Kufi 409

94. Hanan Bin Sudayr al-Sayrafi, al-Kufi 409

95. Khalid Bin Bukhayh al-Jawan 410

96. Khalid Bin Ziyad al-Qalanisi 410

97. Khalid Bin Sa‘eed al-Qammat 410

98. Khalid Bin Ramad al-Qalanisi al-Kufi 410

99. Khalid Bin Yazid Bin Jabal 410

100. Khuzayma Bin Yaqteen 410

101. Khalaf Bin Hammad Bin Yasir Bin al-Musayyab 410

102. Khalaf Bin Hammad al-Kufi 410

103. Khalaf Bin Khalaf 410

104. Khalaf Bin Salama al-Basri 410

105. Dawud Bin Abi Yazid al-Kufi al-‘Attar 411

106. Dawud Bin Abi al-Husayn al-Asadi, al-Kufi 411

107. Dawud Bin Zurbi al-Khandafi, al-Bandar 411

108. Dawud Bin Sarhan al-‘Attar, al-Kufi 411

109. Dawud Bin Sulayman 411

110. Dawud Bin ‘Ali al-Ya‘qubi al-Hashimi 411

111. Dawud Bin Farqad 411

112. Dawud Bin Kuthayr 412

113. Dawud Bin al-Nu‘man 412

114. Durust Bin Abi Mansur al-Wasiti 412

115. Dhurayh Bin Muhammed Bin Yazid, Abu al-Waleed al-Maharibi 412

116. Rib‘i Bin ‘Abd Allah Bin al-Jarud Bin Abi Sibra al-Hadhali 412

117. Rifa‘a Bin Musa al-Asadi al-Nahhas 412

118. Rumi Bin Zarara Bin A‘yun al-Shaybani 412

119. Rehem al-Ansari 413

120. Zar‘a Bin Muhammed al-Hadrami 413

121. Zakariya Bin Idris al-Qummi 413

122. Zakariya Bin ‘Abd al-Samad al-Qummi 413

123. Zakariya Bin ‘Abd Allah al-Fayyad 413

124. Zakariya Bin ‘Umran 413

125. Zakariya Bin Muhammed, Abu ‘Abd Allah al-Mu’min 413

126. Ziyad Bin Abi Salam 413

127. Ziyad Bin al-Hasan 414

128. Ziyad Bin Sulayman al-Balakhi 414

129. Ziyad Bin Merwan al-Qandi al-Anbari 414

130. Ziyad Bin al-Haythem al-Washsha’ 414

131. Zayd Bin Musa al-Ju‘fi al-Kufi 414

132. Zayd al-Narsi 414

133. Zayd Bin Yunus 415

134. Salim Bin Mukarram Bin ‘Abd Allah 415

135. Sa‘d Bin Abi Khalaf 415

136. Sa‘d Bin Abi ‘Umran al-Ansari 415

137. Sa‘d Bin Khalaf 415

138. Sa‘d Bin Sa‘eed al-Balakhi 415

139. Sa‘d Bin ‘Umran al-Qummi 415

140. Sa‘dan Bin Muslim 415

141. Sa‘eed Bin Abi al-Jahm al-Qabusi al-Lakhmi, al-Kufi 415

142. Sa‘eed Bin Jinah 416

143. Sa‘eed Bin Yasar al-Dab‘i 416

144. Salama Bin Hanan 416

145. Salama Bin Muhammed al-Kufi 416

146. Saleem al-Farra’ al-Kufi 416

147. Saleem Mawla ‘Ali Bin Yaqteen 416

148. Sulayman Bin Abi Zayd 416

149. Sulayman Bin Abi Zina 416

150. Sulayman Bin Khalid al-Khattab 416

151. Sulayman Bin Rib‘i Bin ‘Abd Allah al-Hamadani 417

152. Sulayman al-Mu’min 417

153. Samma‘ah Bin Mahran Bin ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Hadrami 417

154. Sanan Bin Turayf al-Thawri 417

155. Sindi Bin al-Rabi‘ al-Baghdadi 417

156. Sehl Bin al-Yasa‘ Bin ‘Abd Allah Bin Sa‘d al-Ash‘ari 417

157. Sayyaba Bin Najiya al-Medani 417

158. Sayf Bin ‘Umayra al-Nakha‘i 417

159. Shu‘ayb Bin Ya‘qub al-‘Aqarqufi 417

160. Salih Bin Khalid al-Muhamili, Abu Shayb al-Kanasi 418

161. Salih Bin Sa‘eed al-Ahwal 418

162. Sabah Bin Musa al-Sabati 418

163. Saffwan Bin Mahran Bin al-Mughira al-Asadi al-Kufi 418

164. Saffwan Bin Yehya Abu Muhammed, Bayya‘ al-Sabiry 419

165. Sandal Bin Muhammed Bin al-Hasan al-Anbari al-Khayyat 419

166. Al-Dahhak al-Hadrami 419

167. ‘Asim Bin al-Hasan 420

168. ‘Abbas Bin Amir 420

169. ‘Abd al-Hemid Bin Salim al-‘Attar al-Kufi 420

170. ‘Abd al-Hemid Bin Sa‘eed 420

171. ‘Abd al-Hemid Bin Auwas al-Ta’i al-Kisa’i 420

172. ‘Abd al-Rahman Bin al-Hajjajj al-Bajali 420

173. ‘Abd al-Rahman Bin Yehya al-‘Uqayli 420

174. ‘Abd al-Kareem Bin ‘Uttba al-Qarashi, al-Hashimi, al-Lahabi 420

175. ‘Abd al-Kareem Bin ‘Amru Bin Salih al-Khath‘ami 420

176. ‘Abd Allah Bin Jublah Bin Hanan Bin al-Hirr al-Kinani 421

177. ‘Abd Allah Bin al-Harith al-Makhzumi 421

178. ‘Abd Allah Bin Hammad al-Ansari 421

179. ‘Abd Allah Bin Jundub al-Bajali 421

180. ‘Abd Allah Bin Khaddash al-Mihri 422

181. ‘Abd Allah Bin Sinan Bin Tareef 422

182. ‘Abd Allah Bin Salih al-Khath‘ami 422

183. ‘Abd Allah Bin ‘Uthman al-Kayyat 422

184. ‘Abd Allah Bin Ghalib al-Asadi 422

185. ‘Abd Allah Bin al-Kasim al-Hadrami 423

186. ‘Abd Allah al-Qasir 423

187. ‘Abd Allah Bin Muhammed al-Ahwazi 423

188. ‘Abd Allah Bin Muhammed al-Shu‘ayri, al-Yemeni 423

189. ‘Abd Allah Bin Marhum al-Azdi 423

190. ‘Abd Allah Bin Miskan 423

191. ‘Abd Allah Bin al-Mughira 423

192. ‘Abd Allah al-Najashi 424

193. ‘Abd Allah Bin Yehya 424

194. ‘Abd al-Malik Bin al-Hakam al-Khath‘ami 424

195. ‘Abd al-Malik Bin ‘Uttba al-Sayrafi 424

196. ‘Ubayd Bin Yaqteen 424

197. ‘Uthman Bin ‘Isa, Abu ‘Amru al-Amiri al-Kilabi 425

199. ‘Ali Bin Ja‘far 425

200. ‘Ali Bin al-Hasan al-Tatiri 426

201. ‘Ali Bin Hadeed al-Mada’ini, al-Azdi, al-Sabati 426

203. ‘Ali Bin al-Khattab al-Hallal 427

204. ‘Ali Bin Rabab 427

205. ‘Ali Bin Sa‘eed 427

206. ‘Ali Bin Swayyid al-Tammar 427

207. ‘Ali Bin Swayyid al-Sa’i 427

208. ‘Ali Bin ‘Abd al-Hameed al-Zabbi 427

210. ‘Ali Bin ‘Attiya 428

211. ‘Ali Bin ‘Isa Bin Razeen 428

212. ‘Ali Bin Maymun al-Sa’igh 428

213. ‘Ali Bin Yaqteen Bin Musa al-Baghdadi 428

A. His Birth 428

B. His Early Life 428

C. His Office 429

D. Imam Musa loves ‘Ali Bin Yaqteen 429

E. Imam Musa guides him 430

Firstly, the Jubbah 430

Secondly, the Wudu’ 431

F. His Books 432

G. His Death 432

214. ‘Ammar Bin Musa al-Sabati 432

215. ‘Ammar Bin al-Minhal Bin Meqlas al-Qaysi 432

216. ‘Amru Bin Riyah 432

217. ‘Amr Bin Muhammed Bin Yazid Abu al-Aswad, Bayya‘ al-Sabiri 432

218. ‘Isa Bin Dawud al-Najjar 433

219. ‘Isa Bin ‘Abd Allah Bin Sa‘d Bin Malik al-Ash‘ari 433

220. Al-‘Ays Bin al-Qasim Bin Thabit Bin ‘Ubayd Bin Mahran al-Bajali 433

221. Ghalib Bin ‘Uthman 433

223. Fayyid al-Hannat 434

224. Fadala Bin Ayyub al-Azdi 434

225. Al-Fedl Bin Sulayman, al-Katib, al-Baghdadi 434

226. Al-Fedl Bin Yunus al-Katib al-Baghdadi 434

227. Al-Fayd Bin al-Mukhtar al-Ju‘fui 434

229. Qays Bin Musa al-Sabati 434

230. Kurdawayh al-Hamadani 435

231. Layth Bin al-Bakhtary al-Muradi 435

232. Muhammed Bin Ibrahim al-Mousili 435

233. Muhammed Bin Abi ‘Umayr al-Azdi 435

A. His Knowledge 435

B. His Books 435

C. His Worship 436

D. In Prison 436

E. His Death 437

234. Muhammed Bin Ishaq Bin ‘Ammar Bin Hayyan al-Taghlubi al-Sayrafi 437

235. Muhammed Bin Isma‘il Bin Buzaygh 437

236. Muhammed Bin Basheer 438

A. His Heresies 438

B. His Jugglery 438

C. His Denying Imam Musa 439

D. Imam Musa invokes Allah against him 439

E. His Death 439

237. Muhammed Bin Bakr Bin Jinah 439

238. Muhammed Bin Thabit 439

239. Muhammed Bin Ja‘far Bin Sa‘d al-Aslami 440

240. Muhammed Bin al-Harith al-Ansari 440

241. Muhammed Bin Hakim al-Khath‘ami 440

242. Muhammed Bin Khalid 440

243. Muhammed Bin Zarqan Bin al-Habab, the companion of Imam Musa 440

244. Muhammed Bin Sulayman al-Basri al-Daylami 440

245. Muhammed Bin Sinan, Abu Ja‘far al-Zahidi al-Khaza‘i 440

246. Muhammed Bin al-Sabah 442

247. Muhammed Bin Sadaqa al-Anbari al-Basri 442

248. Muhammed Bin ‘Abd Allah al-Jallab al-Basri 442

249. Muhammed Bin ‘Adhafir Bin ‘Isa al-Sayrafi al-Meda’ini 442

250. Muhammed Bin ‘Ali Bin al-Nu‘man 442

1. His Graduation 443

2. His high Position 443

3 His Specialization 443

4. His Debates 444

A. With al-Dahhak 444

B. With Abu Hanifa 445

C. With Bin Abi al-‘Awja’ 446

5. His Books 446

251. Muhammed Bin ‘Ali Bin al-Nisaburi 447

252. Muhammed Bin ‘Amru 447

253. Muhammed Bin ‘Amru Bin Yazid al-Sabiry 447

254. Muhammed Bin al-Faraj al-Rakhji 447

255. Muhammed Bin al-Fedl Bin Kuthayr al-Azdi al-Sayrafi al-Kufi 447

256. Muhammed Bin Mas‘ud al-Ta’i 447

257. Muhammed Bin Yazid al-Nehrwani 447

258. Muhammed Bin Yunus 447

259. Marzam Bin Hakim al-Azdi al-Meda’ini 447

260. Mas‘ada Bin Sadaqa al-‘Abdi 448

261. Masma‘ Bin ‘Abd al-Malik Bin Masma‘ 448

262. Musadif 448

263. Mu‘awiya Bin Abi Mu‘awiya al-Bajali al-Dihni 448

264. Mu‘awiya Bin Wahab al-Bajali 448

265. Mi‘tib 448

266. Al-Mughira Bin Tawba al-Makhzumi al-Kufi 449

267. Al-Mufaddal Bin Salih 449

268. Al-Mufaddal Bin ‘Amru al-Ju‘fi al-Kufi 449

A. His Birth 449

B. His Early life 449

C. His Knowledge 449

D. His trustworthiness 450

E. Criticisms 450

F. His Books 450

G. His Commandments 451

269. Al-Minkhil Bin Jameel al-Asadi al-Kufi 453

270. Mansur Bin Abi Baseer 453

271. Mansur Bin Hazim al-Bajali, al-Kufi 453

272. Mansur Bin Yunus 453

273. Musa Bin Ibrahim al-Merwezi 453

274. Musa Bin Bakr al-Wasiti 455

275. Musa Bin al-Hasan 456

276. Musa Bin Sa‘dan al-Hannat al-Kufi 456

277. Mahran Bin Abi Baseer 456

278. Nujayya Bin al-Harith al-Qauwas al-‘Attar 456

279. Nasheet Bin Salih Bin Laffafa 456

280. Nasr Bin Qabus al-Lakhmi, al-Qabusi 456

281. Al-Nadar Bin Suwayd al-Sayrafi 456

282. Na‘im al-Qabu 457

283. Al-Waleed Bin Sa‘eed 457

284. Al-Waleed Bin Hisham al-Muradi 457

285. Waheeb Bin Hafs al-Jariri 457

286. Hisham Bin Ibrahim al-Baghdadi al-Mashrafi 457

287. Hisham Bin al-Ahmar al-Kufi 457

288. Hisham Bin al-Hakam 457

A. His Birth 457

B. His Early Life 458

C. His Graduation 459

D. Those who narrated from him 459

F. His Specialization 459

G. His Books 460

H. His valuable Debates 461

1. With ‘Amru Bin ‘Ubayd 461

2. With Yehya Bin Khalid al-Bermeki 463

3. With al-Nazzam 463

4. With Darar al-Dabbi 464

H. The mad Campaigns 466

1. ‘Abd al-Jebbar, the Judge 466

2. Muhammed b. Ahmed 466

3. ‘Abd al-Qahir al-Baghdadi 466

4. Ibn Hejer 466

I. The Defenders 467

1. Al-Sayyid al-Murteda 467

2. Al-Fayd, the Researcher 468

J. His Death 469

289. Hisham Bin Salim al-Jawaliqi al-Ju‘fi, Bisher Bin Merwan 469

290. Hind Bin al-Hajjajj 470

291. Al-Haythem Bin ‘Abd Allah al-Rumani, al-Kufi 470

292. Yaseen al-Dareer al-Zayyat, al-Basri 470

293. Yehya al-Azraq 470

294. Yehya Bin al-Husayn Bin Zayd Bin ‘Ali Bin al-Husayn, peace be on him 470

295. Yehya Bin ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Azraq 471

296. Yehya Bin ‘Abd Allah al-Basri 471

297. Yehya Bin ‘Umran Bin ‘Ali Bin Abi Shu‘ba al-Halabi 471

298. Yehya Bin al-Fedl al-Nawfali 472

299. Yehya Bin al-Qasim al-Hadhdha’ 472

300. Yazid Bin Khalifa al-Harithi al-Halawani 472

301. Yazid Bin Sulayt al-Zaydi 472

302. Yaqubi Bin Ja‘far Bin Muhammed 472

303. Ya‘qub Bin al-Fedl Bin Ya‘qub al-Hashimi 472

304. Yousif Bin Ya‘qub 473

305. Yunus Bin ‘Abd al-Rahman 473

A. His Birth day 473

B. His Early Life 473

C. His High Position 473

1. Imam al-Rida 473

2. Imam al-Jewad 473

3. Al-Fedl Bin Shadan 473

D. His Knowledge 474

E. His Books 474

F. His Piety 475

G. With the Waqifites 475

H. His Enviers 475

I. His Death 475

306. Yunus Bin Ya‘qub Bin Qays, Abu ‘Ali, al-Bajali, al-Duhni, al-Kufi 476

307. Abu Jabal 476

308. Abu Ju‘da 476

309. Abu Khalid al-Dhayyal 477

310. Abu Khalid al-Zubali 477

311. Abu Zakariya al-A‘war 477

312. Abu Sa‘eed al-Qammat 477

313. Abu Salama 477

314. Abu Shu‘ayb al-Mahamili 477

315. Abu ‘Aamir Bin Jinah 477

316. Abu al-Ala’ al-Hadrami 477

317. Abu al-Muhtamil al-Kufi 477

318. Abu Mus‘ab al-Zaydi 477

319. Abu Yehya 478

320. Abu Yehya al-Makfuf 478

Chapter XV: The Imam’s Children 479

[Sons] 480

1. Imam al-Rida 480

His Birth place and day 480

His Early life 480

His Noble Moral Traits 480

His Knowledge 481

The Narrators of his Traditions 482

Some of his Wise Sayings and Viewpoints 482

His Imamate 483

The Regency 483

Al-Ma’mun harbors Malice against the Imam 486

The Assassination of the Imam 488

2. Ibrahim the elder 489

A. With the Waqifites 490

B. With Imam al-Rida (P.B.O.H) 491

C. With Abu al-Saraya 491

Abu al-Saraya joins the Revolt 492

The Declaration of the Revolt 493

The Death of Muhammed 494

The Death of Ibrahim 497

3. Ibrahim the Youngest 497

4. Ahmed 498

His Position with his Father 498

His fear of Allah and Worship 498

His Knowledge 499

With Abu al-Saraya 499

His Death 499

5. Ishaq 500

6. Isma‘il 501

7. Ja‘far 501

8. Al-Hasan 501

9. Al-Husayn 501

10. Hamza 502

11. Zayd 503

A. With Abu al-Saraya 503

B. With Imam al-Rida 505

C. His Death 505

12. Al-‘Abbas 506

13. ‘Abd Allah 508

14. ‘Ubayd Allah 508

15. Al-Qasim 509

A. The Imam loves him 509

B. The Authorities pursue al-Qasim 509

C. His Death 509

D. His Shrine 510

E. Visitation to it is Desirable 510

16. Muhammed 511

17. Harun 512

18. ‘Awn 512

19. Idris 512

20. Shams 512

21. Sharaf al-Din 512

22. Salih 512

[Daughters] 513

1. Aamina 513

2. Hekima 513

3. Fatima 513

4. Fatim the younger 514

Chapter XVI: The Reasons for his Imprisonment 515

1. His High Personality 515

2. Harun’s Malice 518

3. His Craving after Power 519

4. His Hating the ‘Alawids 519

5. Informing against him 520

Collecting Money for him 520

His Seeking the Caliphate 520

6. The Imam’s Demonstrations 523

7. His Specifying the Borders of Fedek 524

8. The Imam’s firm Attitude 524

Chapter XVII: In Dark Prisons 526

1. Imam Musa is arrested 526

2. The Muslims fear for the Imam 527

3. The Imam is detained in Basrah 527

A. His devoting himself to Worship 528

B. Some Religious Scholars communicate with the Imam 528

C. Harun commands ‘Isa to assassinate the Imam 528

D. ‘Isa asks Harun to exempt him from that 528

4. The Imam is carried to Baghdad 529

A. The Imam is detained in al-Fedl’s House 529

B. He busies himself with worship 529

C. Harun watches the Imam 530

D. The Imam is tired of Prison 531

E. His Supplication 531

F. The Imam is released 531

5. Harun decides to kill the Imam 533

6. The Imam is detained in al-Fedl’s House 535

A. Al-Fedl entertains the Imam 535

B. Harun commands al-Fedl to assassinate the Imam 535

C. Harun severely punishes al-Fedl 536

EPILOGUE 538

1. The Place of his Imprisonment 538

2. Al-Sindi harasses the Imam 538

3. The Imam devotes himself to Worship 539

4. Some Religious Scholars visit the Imam 539

5. Religious Questions sent to the Imam 540

6. The Imam appoints Representatives 540

7. The Imam appoints his Successor 541

8. His Commandments 541

9. The Imam’s Alms and Endowments 543

10. His being far above demanding his Release 544

11. The Imam’s Letter to Harun 545

12. Harun sends a Salve Girl to the Imam 545

13. Harun fails in assassinating the Imam 546

14. Yehya intercedes with Harun for Releasing the Imam 547

15. The Imam announces his Death 548

16. His Assassination 550

17. Statements on Giving him a Poison 550

A. Yehya b. Khalid 550

B. Al-Fedl b. Yehya 550

C. Al-Sindi b. Shahik 551

19. Al-Sindi becomes confused 552

20. With al-Musayyab b. Zahra 552

21. To the High Comrade 553

22. The Time of his Death 554

23. The Place of his Death 555

24. The police investigate the Event 555

25. The Imam is put on the Bridge 556

26. The Horrible Announcement 557

27. The Reasons for this Horrible Announcement 557

A. To know the Shi‘ites 557

B. To slander them 557

C. To seek Nearness to Harun 558

28. The Imam remains on the Bridge for three Days 558

29. Sulayman prepares the Imam for Burial 558

A. To remove the Shame from his Family 558

B. The close Womb Kinship 559

C. His Fear of the Revolt of the Shi‘ites 559

30 The Imam is prepared for Burial 559

31. The Processions of the Funeral 560

32. In his Final Resting Place 560

Maxims of Imam Musa ibn Ja'far al-Kazim Excerpted from Tuhaf al-Uqoul 561

Endnotes 565

INTRODUCTION 565

Chapter 1: His Birth and His Childhood 566

Chapter II: His Genius and Superiority 568

Chapter III: School of Imam al-Sadiq 569

Chapter IV: His Ideals 571

Chapter V: Statements and Opinions 574

Chapter VI: Some of His Intellectual Legacy 575

Chapter VII: The Collapse of the Umayyad Government 578

Chapter VIII: At the Time of al-Saffah 580

Chapter IX: During the Time of al-Mansur 581

Chapter X: At the Time of al-Mehdi 584

Chapter XI: At the Time of al-Hadi 585

Chapter XII: The time of Al-Rashid 587

Chapter XIII: The Time of the Imam 591

Chapter XIV: A Group of his Companions and of the Narrators of his Traditions 595

Chapter XV: The Imam’s Children 604

Chapter XVI: The Reasons for his Imprisonment 608

Chapter XVII: In Dark Prisons 609

EPILOGUE 610