Philosophy Of Islam
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Author: Dr M. Husayni Behishti & Dr M. Jawad Bahonar
Publisher: www.alhassanain.org/english
Category: Fundamentals Of Religion
Philosophy Of Islam
- Man of Our Age
- Greedy Animals
- Quest for the philosophy of life and its aim
- Iman
- Role of iman in the life of a child
- Subdual by doubt
- Constructive doubt
- Role of iman again
- Constructive iman
- Unbridled liberty is not compatible with belief in an ideology
- Outlook on the world
- Deep and Definite Knowledge
- (1) Pursuit of base desires
- (2) Customs of the forefathers
- (3) Blind submission to the great and the powerful
- Ears for hearing, Eyes for seeing, Heart for understanding
- Basic and expanded role of heart
- Consideration
- Another Fallacy
- Realism
- Correct Thinking
- Man of Islam
- Man -- the self-maker and the selector
- Big trust
- Human personality
- Human emancipation
- Bond with eternity
- The Sources of Creation
- 1. The world is a reality
- 2. The world is well-organized
- 3. `To become' and its cause
- 4. Cause of systematic development and changes
- 5. Not an accident
- Contradiction or attraction and cohesion
- The World is a Dependent Reality
- Signs of Allah
- (1) Phenomenon and its producer
- The doctrine of Causation
- A world of phenomena
- (2) Homogeneity of the existing things
- (3) Mutual compatibility of two things not co-existent
- (4) March toward unlimited perfection
- (5) Eloquent signs
- Special signs
- Every thing at every stage is His sign
- Note
- Monotheism of the Qur’an
- Refutation of polytheism
- The causes and the agents
- The miracles
- Superstitions not to be confused with causes
- Supplication
- Unity in Regards to Worship
- Unity in regard to submission and obedience
- Submission to the command of Allah
- The Unique and Matchless God
- Intrinsic Unity
- Evaluation of extremist view
- Notes
- Names and Attributes of Allah
- Kindness to others is a good quality. Allah is
- Allah is Independent
- Allah is All-knowing
- Allah is All-powerful
- Will and Volition of Allah
- Allah is Beneficent and Forgiving
- Allah is just
- Role of Divine Cosmology in Human Life
- Two stage extensive life
- Conclusion
- Spiritual and practical effects of religious belief
- Guides of Humanity
- Distinctive features of prophets
- (1) Miracles
- (2) Infallibility
- Difference between a prophet and a genius
- (3) Dynamic leadership
- (5) General welfare
- (6) Normal personal life
- Role of revelation in human life
- Relationship between knowledge, reason and revelation
- Islam Advocates Justice
- Justice of will or willed justice
- Doctrine of Justice
- Justice and the Hereafter
- The Hereafter
- Man and Evolution
- Life
- Manufacture of living cell
- Life, a Divine phenomenon
- Man and Evolution
- Principles which may be discovered
- Scientific presumption, not incontrovertible principle
- Conclusion
- Emergence of man
- Exceptional Organisms
- Man
- Appearance of New Humanism
- Man from the Qur'anic point of view
- Range of Man’s Choice and Will
- (1) Innate nature of man and his disposition
- (2) Modification of Propensities
- (3) Role of natural and geographical environment
- (4) Role of historical, social and economic factors
- (5) Role of the rules and regulations in the field of choice
- (6) Divine revelation
- (7) Man's own deeds make his destiny
- (8) Aim of Man's efforts
- Prosperity and salvation
- (9) Ideals and values
- (10) Seeking Allah and Truth
- Man from the View Point of Existentialism
- Man from the View Point of Islam
- (2) Human freedom and Divine destiny
- (3) Sphere of choice and role of guidance
- (4) Man has a purpose
- (5) Man is responsible
- (6) Vigilance and anxiety
- (7) Man is not without a refuge
- (8) Self-dependence, fear and hope
- View Point of Dialectical Materialism
- Islam's approach to these questions
- Notes
- Islamic Conception of History
- The Qur'an pays attention to the usual course of history
- Violent outburst of desires and emotions
- Question of contradiction
- b. Identification of opportunities; and
- Great Role of the Prophets in Making History
- Revelation was the motive force of the Prophetic Movements
- Revelation
- Some effects of revelation
- Islamic Movement – A Manifestation of the Rules of History
- Domination of injustice cannot last long
- Arabia provided a favorable atmosphere
- Pioneers - Chosen companions
- Role of emigration
- Guidance of the masses
- Element of Jihad
- Universality of the movement
- Leadership
- Three principles of the effectiveness of historic movements
- Human beings as the agents of Divine retribution
- Respect of the culture and human values of others
- Corruption of leadership
- Internal resistance
- Invaders influenced
- Final triumph of truth
- Final Victory
- Advent of the Mahdi
- At the threshold of appearance
- Revolutionary leader and his supporters
- Undergoing hardships for achieving success
- Notes
- Self Making
- Cleanliness
- Ablution
- Bathing
- Tayammum
- Food
- Slaughtering of animals
- Wastage of food
- Spiritual Health
- Balanced growth
- Moral criteria
- The real criteria of morals
- (a) Man's Dignity
- (b) Proximity to Allah
- Improper Traits of Character
- 1. Hypocrisy
- 2. Arrogance
- 3. Slander
- 4. Lying
- 5. Backbiting and calumny
- (a) Evidence
- (b) Restraining from evil
- (c) Complaint
- (d) Guidance and consultation
- (e) Exposing the false evidence
- (g) Grading
- 6. Jealousy
- Combating against jealousy
- How to Purge Soul of these Pollutions
- Piety
- Strengthening of will-power
- Return to the right path - Repentance
- Creative Role of Sentiments
- Real sentiments and artificial sentiments
- Artificial sentiments
- Real sentiments
- Family sentiments
- Being good to kindred
- Love for neighbors
- Spiritual brotherhood
- Companionship
- Choosing friends and companions
- Cheerfulness and politeness
- Abiding by rules of social behavior
- Reception and farewell
- Humility
- Correspondence
- Respect for Elders and Kindness to Youngsters
- Hospitality
- Self Making for Social Work
- Pre-requisities for collective work
- (1) One aim and one policy
- (2) Recognition of one's own limitations and those of others
- (3) Just appraisal of one's own work and that of others
- (4) Abstention from egoism and being self-opinionated
- (5) Respect for majority opinion
- Major Jihad
- Family
- Society and its kinds
- Family
- Tribe
- Clan
- Nation
- Other social groupings
- Dogmatic and ideological society
- Marriage
- Importance of marriage from Islamic point of view
- Basic object of marriage
- (a) Securing comfortable atmosphere for husband and wife
- Consent of father to the marriage of a girl
- Equality or general fitness for matrimonial alliance
- (1) Faith
- (2) Morality
- (3) Financial competence
- (4) Compatibility
- How to select a suitable spouse
- Persons between whom marriage is forbidden
- Consaguineous mahrams
- Sister
- Maternal aunt and mother
- Brother
- Foster-mahrams
- Mahrams on account of affinity
- Contracting marriage
- or
- Financial independence of woman
- Lightness of dower
- Obligations of husband and wife
- Financial responsibility
- Maintenance of Children and the Responsibility of Guardianship
- Moral and human responsibilities
- Divorce or Dissolution of Marriage
- Divorce in Islamic law
- Effects of divorce
- What should be the condition of a woman to be divorced
- Conditions of the effectiveness of divorce
- Kinds of divorce
- Kinds of irrevocable divorce
- Iddah of divorce
- Period of Iddah
- Rules regarding the period of iddah
- Right of guardianship of children
- Fixed Time Marriage
- Sexual problem of the youth
- Solution of sexual problem
- Formula of fixed-time marriage
- Zawwajtoka nafsi fil muddatil ma'loomati alas sidaaqil ma `loom
- Rules of fixed-time marriage
- Fixed-time marriage from the point of view of others
- Polygamy
- (a) Natural and social pre-requisites of polygamy
- (b) Polygamy before Islam
- Polygamy and its conditions in Islam
- Family Manners
- Some reciprocal responsibilities of parents and children
- Guidelines of Islamic Economy
- (1) Economics
- (2) Importance of Economic problems
- Islamic Economy
- Ownership
- Kinds of Ownership
- (1) Absolute ownership
- (2) Public ownership
- (3) Private ownership
- Absolute ownership
- Public ownership
- Wealth
- To amass wealth is a matter of vanity
- Right of property in Islam
- Natural Sources of Wealth
- Earth
- Ownership of land
- (1) Lands owned by society
- (2) Lands owned by State
- (3) Lands owned by private individuals
- Lands owned by society
- Lands owned by the State
- Lands owned by private individuals
- Keeping arable land uncultivated
- Water
- Naturally accessible water
- Water not naturally accessible
- Minerals
- Economic Role of Human Labour
- Labour is the key of utilizing natural resources
- No gain without work
- Distribution
- Services
- False work or a device for exploitation
- Usury
- Deviation of money from its course
- Precedents of usury in history
- Usury in the Qur'an
- Banking
- Solution of the problem
- (2) Establishment of interest-free banks
- Conclusion
- Transfer of Ownership
- Transactions
- General rules of transaction
- Different kinds of sale
- Necessity of knowing the laws of trade
- Revocation of contract
- Inheritance
- Division of inheritance
- Distribution of Wealth
- Spending
- Prohibition of the hoarding of wealth
- Zakat
- Economic Responsibilities of the Islamic Rulers
- Public Treasury
- An important social and economic principle
- Just Social System
- Society
- Accidental society
- Intentional society
- Characteristics of Accidental Society
- Characteristics of Intentional Society
- Individual and society
- It is the individual who is important
- It is the society which is important
- It is the mixture of the individual and the society which is important
- Social System
- • Mutual relations of its members, and
- Just Social System
- Society
- Equality of men
- Legal Justice
- Elimination of undue discrimination under Islamic conception
- Economic Justice
- Freedom of thinking and acquirement of knowledge
- Profit is the result of work and all-round activity
- Privation is the result of encroachment
- Law of justice and a just mechanism to enforce it
- Sense of responsibility
- Islamic brotherhood
- Character building and fighting against corruption
- Essential Elements for the Establishment of a Just Social System
- Law
- Sources of Law
- Law and Its Sources in Islam
- Right course towards this magnificent end
- Ijtihad
- Formulation of law concerning the ruling system
- Formulation of law on individual matters
- Qualifications of a competent religious authority
- Formulation of new provisions
- Sources of Cannon Law
- Authoritativeness of the Qur'an
- Utilization of the Sunnah
- Consensus of opinion
- Reason
- Role of reason in determining the principles of religion
- Role of reason in finding out the inimitability of the Qur'an
- Philosophy of the rules of law
- Connection between Ijtihad and finality of Islam
- Guarantee of the Enforcement of Law
- Mature thinking
- Regarding drinking and gambling
- Human and Ideological sentiments
- Faith in Allah and His recompense in this as well as in the next world
- Whole-hearted respect of law
- Exhortation to good and restraining from evil
- Restraining from evil means
- Government
- Tradition of al-Ghadir
- Main qualifications of a ruler during the period of occultation
- Role of Shura and Bay’at
- (1) Role of consultation
- (a) Administrative affairs
- (b) Election of the ruler
- (2) Role of the pledge of allegiance
- Loss of eligibility to rule
- Caliphate and Imamate
- Doctrines of Justice and Imamate
- Doctrine of Imamate
- Evil consequences of the infringement of this doctrine
- (b) Muslims lost competent authority on Islamic knowledge
- Back to the main discussion
- Arbitration
- It is a social duty to settle the differences
- Various ways of settling differences
- Administration of Justice in Islam
- Heavy responsibilities of a judge
- Adherence to the Divine law
- Behaviour towards litigants
- Independence and Immunity of judiciary
- Relations of the Muslims with Others
- Jihad
- Aims of Islamic Jihad
- Aggression is bad, whosoever may be the aggressor
- Jihad against Egoism
- Islam is a world system
- Before having recourse to fight truth should be explained
- Special facilities provided by Islam for this purpose
- Peace in Islam
- Full preparedness to face the enemy
- Horse racing and archery
- Immortal
- Fighters who do not lag behind in their effort
- Invincible and indefatigable fighters
- Notes
