Alhassanain(p) Network for Heritage and Islamic Thought

Section 4: Saleh and Lot

Surah An-Naml - Verses 45-46

وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَآ إِلَي ثَمُودَ أَخَاهُمْ صَالِحاً أَنِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ فَإِذَا هُمْ فَرِيقَانِ يَخْتَصِمُونَ

قَالَ يَا قَوْمِ لِمَ تَسْتَعْجِلُونَ بِالسَّيّـِئَةِ قَبْلَ الْحَسَنَةِ لَوْلاَ تَسْتَغْفِرُونَ اللَّهَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ

45. “And indeed We sent unto (the tribe of) Thamud their brother Saleh, saying: ‘Worship you Allah!’ but behold, they became two parties quarrelling with each other.”

46. “He said: ‘O my people! Why will you hasten on the evil before the good? Why do you not ask forgiveness of Allah so that you may be dealt with mercifully?”

Next to a part of life stories of Moses, David, and Solomon (as) mentioned in the previous verses, the fourth prophet, a part of whose life story is referred to in this Surah, is Hadrat Saleh, the prophet of Thamud people.

At first, it says:

“And indeed We sent unto (the tribe of) Thamud their brother Saleh, saying: ‘Worship you Allah!’…”

As it was also said before, the application of the concept of ‘their brother’, which has been used in the story life of several prophets, is a hint to their ultimate love and affection unto their peoples. In addition to this, in some instances, it points to their relationship with those people, too.

However, the entire messengership and invitation of this prophet is summarized in the holy phrase:

“Worship you Allah!”

Yes, the servitude of Allah is the essence of all teachings of the messengers of Allah.

Then, the verse continues saying:

“…but behold, they became two parties quarrelling with each other.”

Those two groups, who quarrelled with each other, were the believers, from one side, and the obstinate disbelievers, from the other side.

Imam Baqir (as) said:

“A group attested the invitation of Hadrat Salih but another group rejected it.”1

These two groups are referred to in Surah Al-’A‘raf, No. 7, verse 75 as:

‘The arrogant’

and

‘those who were considered weak’.

It says:

“The chiefs of the arrogant among his people said to those who were considered weak - those of them who believed - ‘Do you know that Saleh is sent by his Lord?’ they said surely we believe in what he has been sent with’.”

“Those who were arrogant said: ‘We, indeed, disbelieve in that which you believe’.”2

Of course, this conflict of two groups of believers and disbelievers existed among the peoples of many prophets, although some of them were deprived of even these adherents and nearly the totality of their people were rejecters of the truth.

Finally, in order to awaken them, Hadrat Saleh (as) began warning them, and made them aware of the painful chastisements of Allah. But not only they did not take counsel, but also took that very matter as a reason for their obstinacy, and persistently wanted him that they should be involved with the Divine punishment if he was truthful.3

But Saleh replied them as follows:

“He said: ‘O my people! Why will you hasten on the evil before the good?…”

Why do you concentrate your thought on meeting the Divine punishment? If the Divine chastisement meets you, it will put an end to your life and there will not remain any time for you to believe. Let yourselves try the legitimacy of my statement by the grace and blessings of Allah which will embrace you as the result of Faith.

The verse continues saying:

“…Why do you not ask forgiveness of Allah so that you may be dealt with mercifully?”

Why do you seek for evils and the descent of punishment? What is this obstinacy and arrogance for?

Those who rejected the call of prophets and asked for the promised punishment were not limited to the people of Saleh, this matter is repeatedly seen in the Qur’an concerning other peoples, too, including the people of Nuh.4

In relation to the Prophet of Islam (S) and some fanatic and obstinate polytheists, the Qur’an says:

“And (remember) when they said: ‘O Allah! If this (Qur’an) is the truth from You, then rain down upon us stones from the sky, or bring us a painful punishment’.”5

This is, indeed, surprising that some persons want to try the truthfulness of the call of the prophet by the way of Divine destructive punishment, not by the way of asking for Divine mercy; while certainly they do verify the probable legitimacy of those prophets in their hearts, though they deny it by tongue.

This behaviour is like a person who claims he is a physician and says this medicine is curative and that one is fatal, and then, in order to test him, we use the fatal medicine, not the curative one.

This is the ultimate ignorance, folly and fanaticism, while ignorance has many fruits of this kind.

Surah An-Naml - Verse 47

قَالُوا اطَّيَّرْنَا بِكَ وَبِمَن مَّعَكَ قَالَ طَآئِرُكُمْ عِندَ اللَّهِ بَلْ أَنتُمْ قَوْمٌ تُفْتَنُونَ

47. “They said: ‘Ill omen do we augur from you and those with you’. He said: ‘Your ill omen is with Allah. Nay! You are a people who are being tried’.”

The Arabic word /tatayyur/ is derived from /tayr/ which means ‘a bird’. Some of Arabs used to leave a bird at the time when they wanted to travel.

If it went to the right direction they would start their traveling, and if it flew to the left (they augured ill and) they would suspend their traveling.6 In Islam auguring ill has been considered disbelief. To augur ill leads to leaving the main reasons and going toward superstitions.

There are many occurrences in the Qur’an which indicate that the Divine prophets had been augured ill. The people of Pharaoh thought that their afflictions had come because of Moses (as).

The Qur’an says:

“…and if any evil afflicted them, they took it bad omens due to Moses…”7

Jesus (as) was told:

“…For us, we augur an evil omen from you…”8

In the above mentioned verse, the disbelievers told Saleh:

“…‘Ill omen do we augur from you and those with you’…”

However, this arrogant nation, instead of listening to the sympathetic advice of their great prophet and applying it, they opposed him with some vain words and baseless conclusions, among them is their following statement:

“They said: ‘Ill omen do we augur from you and those with you’…”

It seems that there was drought, and deficiency of crop and foodstuff for the people of Moses in that year. They said that all those afflictions and difficulties were because of unpleasant advent of Moses and his followers who brought them and their society misery and omen.

By resorting to the weapon of ill omen, which is often the weapon of arrogant and superstitious persons, they wanted to overcome the strong logic of Moses (as). But in answer to them, he said that their evil fortune was with Allah, and it was their own deeds that resulted such miseries and afflictions, as punishments. In fact, this was a great Divine trial for them.

The verse continues saying:

“…He said: ‘Your ill omen is with Allah. Nay! You are a people who are being tried’.”

These are some Divine trials. They are some warnings and awakening subjects for those who have some suitability and competency to awake from the sleep of negligence and, by going to the path of Allah, improve themselves.

There are also some people in some societies who do not believe in Allah, although they have earned some considerable good grades in knowledge and science but, in the meantime, they have some superstitions and similar vain beliefs in them and they still have a warm market for fortune-telling and soothsaying among them, so that the illusive subject of luck and horoscopy has many customers.

But the Qur’an through a short sentence says:

“Your ill omen is with Allah.”

This means your luck, your victory, your defeat, and your success and failure all are with Allah, Who is Wise, and His favours are divided among men according to their competencies, those very competencies which are the reflection of their Faith, action, speech and behaviour.

Thus, the Qur’an drives out the followers of Islam from the valley of superstition to reality and from devious way toward straight Path.

Some Traditions Upon Bad Omen

1. The Messenger of Allah (S) said:

“The atonement of ill omen is reliance in Allah.”9

2. The Messenger of Allah (S) said:

“Ill omen is infidelity and it is not from us, but reliance in Allah abolishes it.”10

3. There has been narrated that, in supplication, the Prophet (S) used to say:

“O Allah! There is no omen but Your omen, no goodness but Your goodness, and no god but You (Allah). O Allah! No one gives rewards but You, and no one wipes the faults but You, and there is no power except in Allah, the Exalted, the Great.”11

Surah An-Naml - Verse 48

وَكَانَ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ تِسْعَةُ رَهْطٍ يُفْسِدُونَ فِي الاَرْضِ وَلاَ يُصْلِحُونَ

48. “And there were in the city nine (groups of) persons who made mischief in the land and would not reform.”

The Arabic word /raht/ is used for ‘a group of people among whom there is a warm relation’.

This holy verse refers to another part of the life story of Saleh (as) which completes the previous part and concludes the story. It concerns the plot of nine groups of pagans and hypocrites who wanted to kill Saleh, but their evil plot failed.

The Qur’an says:

“And there were in the city nine (groups of) persons who made mischief in the land and would not reform.”

Regarding to the fact that the Arabic word /raht/ in lexicon means a group of persons who are less than ten or less than forty members, makes it clear that these small groups, each of which had a separate line, were similar to each other in one thing and it was making mischief in the earth, disturbing the social system and the creedal and ethical principles.

The Qur’anic phrase /layuslihuna/ (would not reform) is an emphasis on this matter, because it sometimes happens that someone makes a mischief and later he regrets and tries to amend himself, but the real mischief mongers are not like that. They go on their corruption constantly and never try to rectify their wrong.

Paying attention to the Arabic conjugation of the verb /yufsidun/ (make mischief), which is in future and simple present tense form and indicates to the duration of the action, it shows that this action was their permanent deed and they used to commit it.

Each of these nine groups had a chief, and probably every one of them was from a separate tribe.

Surah An-Naml - Verse 49

قَالُوا تَقَاسَمُوا بِاللَّهِ لَنُبَيّـِتَنَّهُ وَأَهْلَهُ ثُمَّ لَنَقُولَنَّ لِوَلِيّـِهِ مَا شَهِدْنَا مَهْلِكَ أَهْلِهِ وَإِنَّا لَصَادِقُونَ

49. “They said: ‘Swear a mutual oath by Allah that surely we will make a sudden attack on him and his family by night, then we will tell his heir, we were not present at the slaughter of his household, and verily we are truthful’.”

The content of this holy verse is similar to the state of the pagans of Mecca who united by an oath and decided to surprise and kill the Prophet of Islam (S) in his bed while he was asleep, but the holy Prophet (S) asked Hadrat Ali (as) to sleep in his bed and thus the enemy’s plot was nullified.

Certainly by the appearance of Saleh and his pure religion in the society, those groups were driven to extremities, and it was in that condition that, as the verse says:

“They said: ‘Swear a mutual oath by Allah that surely we will make a sudden attack on him and his family by night, then we will tell his heir, we were not present at the slaughter of his household, and verily we are truthful’.”

The Arabic word /taqasamu/ (swear a mutual oath), in an imperative verb form, means: ‘everybody must participate in making an oath and promise to achieve this great plot’, a promise in which there is no change or return.

It is interesting that they made an oath by Allah. It indicates that, besides worshipping idols, they believed in Allah, the Creator of the skies and the earth, too. Therefore, they used to make an oath to Him in relation to important matters.

It also shows that they were so proud that they did this great crime of theirs by mentioning their names; as if they wanted to worship, or to do a godly service. This is the custom of haughty misguided disbelievers.

The Qur’anic word /lanubayyitannahu/ (surely we will make a sudden attack on him) is derived from /tabyit/ which means ‘to surprise and to attack suddenly by night’. The application of this meaning here shows that, in the meanwhile, they were afraid of the adherents of Saleh and his tribe.

Therefore, in order that they could reach their own goal and, in the meantime, they might not confront the anger of his followers, they designed the plot of a sudden attack at night and colluded that if Saleh’s followers came to them, all of them with together take an oath that they had no role in that event absolutely, and even they were not present there nor had they witnessed it.

Surah An-Naml - Verses 50-51

وَمَكَرُوا مَكْراً وَمَكَرْنَا مَكْراً وَهُمْ لاَ يَشْعُرُونَ

فَانظُرْ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَةُ مَكْرِهِمْ أَنَّا دَمَّرْنَاهُمْ وَقَوْمَهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ

50. “And they devised a device, and We devised a device (too), but they were not aware;”

51. “And behold, how was the end of their device! For We destroyed them and their people all together.”

The means of annihilation of the people of Thamud has been referred to in several occurrences of the Qur’an with different explanations:

1) By earthquake:

“…Then the earthquake seized them…”12

2) By thunderbolt:

“…So the Thunderbolt seized them…”13

3) By Mighty Blast:

“And the (mighty) Blast overtook those who were unjust…”14

It does not matter, of course, that these three punishments might have occurred simultaneously.

One of the aspects of the device of Allah is giving respite and bounty to the sinners, so that they be busy with them, and when their time is over they are suddenly involved in the chastisement of Allah.

History announces that there was a mountain in a side of the city and it had a slit where the temple of Saleh was. Sometimes Saleh (as) went there at night in order to worship and prattle with Allah as two lovers.

They decided to lie in ambush there and when Saleh came over there they would kill him, and then, after his martyrdom, they would attack his home by the same night and kill his household, too, and return to their houses; and when they were questioned about it, they would say they knew nothing.

But Allah nullified their plots surprisingly and their plans remained invalid.

When they were lying in ambush in a corner of the mountain, some pieces of the mountain fall and a huge rock from upward of it came down over them and destroyed them in a short moment.

The verse says:

“And they devised a device, and We devised a device (too), but they were not aware;”

Then, the next verse implies that not only those people, but also their adherents were destroyed.

It says:

“And behold, how was the end of their device! For We destroyed them and their people all together.”

As it has been mentioned formerly, the Qur’anic term /makr/, in the Arabic literature, means any ‘application of a remedy’, and it does not pertain exclusively to satanic and harmful plans that is used in the Persian language today. Thus, it is used in both harmful plans and good devices.

Raqib in Mufradat says:

“/makr/ (device) is that which hinders one to reach his goal.”

Therefore, when this word is used about Allah, it means: ‘nullification of harmful plots’; and when it is used about mischief mongers, it means: ‘impedimental acts against reproving programs’.

Surah An-Naml - Verses 52-53

فَتِلْكَ بُيُوتُهُمْ خَاوِيَةً بِمَا ظَلَمُوا إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لاَيَةً لِقَوْمٍ يَعْلَمُونَ

وَأَنجَيْنَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا وَكَانُوا يَتَّقُونَ

52. “So those are their houses in empty ruins for they were unjust. Verily there is in this a sign for a people who have knowledge.”

53. “And We saved those who believed and used to keep from evil.”

The Arabic word /xawiyah/ means ‘corruption, annihilation, and destruction’, and it is also used in the sense of ‘empty of dwellers’.

Chastisement is not limited to that of Hereafter, sometimes oppressors are punished in this world. This situation is also the same for the effects of faith and piety which is not particular to the Hereafter. The pious people observe the result of their deeds in this world, too.

However, regarding to their annihilation and final fate, the holy Qur’an says:

“So those are their houses in empty ruins for they were unjust…”

Their houses are utterly ruin and there is no people to have activities therein, and there have remained no sign of their glories, bounties and sinful gatherings.

Yes, the fire of cruelty and injustice caused them and all their belongings to be burnt and destroyed. This is a clear sign for the end of the act of those who are unjust.

The verse continues saying:

“…Verily there is in this a sign for a people who have knowledge.”

But in this event those who were not guilty were not burnt in the fire of the guilty ones and were not involved in the evil fate of wrongdoers.

The verse says:

“And We saved those who believed and used to keep from evil.”

Surah An-Naml - Verses 54-55

وَلُوطاً إِذْ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ أَتَأْتُونَ الْفَاحِشَةَ وَأَنتُمْ تبْصِرُونَ

أَئِنَّكُمْ لَتَأْتُونَ الرّ‌ِجَالَ شَهْوَةً مِن دُونِ النّـِسَآءِ بَلْ أَنتُمْ قَوْمٌ تَجْهَلُونَ

54. “And (We sent) Lot, when he said to his people: ‘Do you commit indecency while you see (its iniquity)?’”

55. “What! Do you approach men lustfully instead of women? No, you are a people that are ignorant.”

The people of Lot used to commit sodomy in their public meetings and before the eyes of each other. Surah Al-‘Ankabut, No. 29, verse 29 says:

“…and you commit dishonour in your assemblies?…”

In the above verse, the Qur’an also says:

“…while you see (its iniquity)?”

which means ‘you commit indecency before the eyes of each other, or you commit sin consciously and with insight.

Sodomy is one of the great and hideous sins, because the later verses of the Surah indicate that it consequently brings the chastisement of Allah.

Some other verses of the Qur’an refer to the fact that wife is necessary for calmness, educating and raising up generation, and cooperation in living; but, here, the Qur’an points only to the phenomenon of lust, because the people of Lot had not any aim of their shameful act but lust.

Next to mentioning parts of the life stories of Moses, David, Solomon, and Saleh and their peoples, the fifth prophet whom has been referred to in this Surah, is Lot, the great prophet of Allah.

This subject has repeatedly been referred to in the former Suras of the Qur’an, such as Al-Hijr, Hud, Ash-Shu‘ara, and Al-’A‘raf, where some matters have been mentioned in this ground.

This repetition, and the like of it, is for the fact that the Qur’an is not a book of history in which an event may be wholly explained for one time and it usually does not refer to that event again.

But Qur’an is a book of education for training good men, and we know that in educational themes sometimes the conditions require that an incident should be repeated again and again, in order that it could be reminded and be dealt with from different dimensions.

However, the story of the people of Lot, who are known in the world for their sexual deviation, Sodomy, and for other hideous deeds, as well as their fate at the end of their life, can be an example for those who are drowned in the cesspool of lusts; and the spread of this pollution among societies requires that this instructive event to be mentioned repeatedly.

Here the Qur’an says:

“And (We sent) Lot, when he said to his people: ‘Do you commit indecency while you see (its iniquity)?’”

The Arabic word /fahišah/, as we have said aforetime, means some deeds that the indecency and ugliness of which is manifest, but here the purpose of it is the shameful act of Sodomy.

The Qur’anic phrase /’antum tubsirun/ (while you see) refers to this fact that you see the ugliness and the evil results of this hideous action with your eyes, and you observe that your society has wholly become polluted, so that even your own children are not secured. Why do you see, but yet you do not awake?

Then, in the next verse, it says:

“What! Do you approach men lustfully instead of women?…”

In fact, at first the Qur’an points to this action as an indecent action, /fahišah/, then it explains it more clearly so that there remains no ambiguity for anybody. This is one of the styles of decorum in order to state an important thing.

Then for making clear that the motive of this action is ignorance, it says:

“…No, you are a people that are ignorant.”

This ignorance is the ignorance to Allah, the ignorance to the purpose of creation and laws of creation, and the ignorance to the evil effects of this important sin. If a person, contemplates deeply, he will understand that how much ignorantly this evil action is.

The reason why this sentence is stated in interrogative form is for the sake that they hear its answer from the inside of their own conscience so that it may be more effective.

The End of Part 19

Surah An-Naml - Verse 56

فَمَا كَانَ جَوَابَ قَوْمِهِ إِلآَّ أَن قَالُوا أَخْرِجُوا ءَالَ لُوطٍ مِن قَرْيَتِكُمْ إِنَّهُمْ أُنَاسٌ يَتَطَهَّرُونَ

56. “But the answer of his people was naught except that they said: ‘Drive out the people of Lot from your city; verily they are people (who seek to be) pure.”

Since the wrong doers have not any acceptable logic before the Divine prophets, they use force against them.

The former discussions with the strong logic of Lot, the Divine prophet, in front of those polluted people, explained that how he dissuaded them from the hideous act of Sodomy by his reasonable and eloquent statement, and he showed them that this act is the consequence of ignorance and being unaware of the law of creation and all human values.

Now, we see the answer of this polluted nation to the logical statement of Lot (as).

The holy Qur’an says:

“But the answer of his people was naught except that they said: ‘Drive out the people of Lot from your city; verily they are people (who seek to be) pure.”

This answer is an implication to the low level of their thought and the extraordinary fall of their ethical affairs.

Yes, in the environment of the polluted ones, chastity is a crime and a defect. The chaste and modest ones, like Yusuf, are put in prison, and the household of the divine prophet, because of their chastity and avoidance from pollution, are banished, while the persons like Zulaykha, are free and possess ranks.

Lot’s household must be banished, but the people of Lot can live in peace in their city freely.

This is the clear example of the word of Qur’an where it says about the wrong doers that their hearts were sealed because of their deeds and their eyes were veiled and their ears had heaviness.15

It is also probable that because of their being sunk in corruption and being accustomed to pollution, concerning Lot’s household, they said in mockery:

“…They are people (who seek to be) pure…”.

These people implied that Lot’s household imagined that their piety was chastity and the act of the people of Lot was impious. What a wonderful and ridiculous thing!

And it is not surprising that, as the result of getting accustomed to a shameful action, the sense of recognition of a person changes. The famous story of a tanner, who was constantly with the purified skins and his sense of smell had got accustomed to that bad smell, is well known.

When he was passing the market of perfume-sellers, he became unconscious, and the concerning doctor ordered that he should be brought into the market of tanners to ‘recover his sense’. We have heard this story and it is an interesting sensible example for this logical matter.

Surah An-Naml - Verses 57-58

فَأنجَيْنَاهُ وَأَهْلَهُ إِلاَّ امْرَأَتَهُ قَدَّرْنَاهَا مِنَ الْغَابِرِينَ

وَأَمْطَرْنَا عَلَيْهِم مَّطَراً فَسَآءَ مَطَرُ الْمُنذَرِينَ

57. “So We saved him and his household, except his wife, We had decreed her to be of those that tarried.”

58. “And We rained down on them a shower (of brimstone), and evil was the shower of those who had been warned.

The Divine leaders are under the protection and support of Allah:

“So We saved him…”

The fruit of people’s piety and virtue in this world is their being saved from the wrath of Allah.

The Arabic word /qabirin/, which means: ‘those that tarried and were annihilated’, has been used seven times in the Qur’an and all of them are about Lot’s wife.

It has been cited in narrations that Lot taught those people for about thirty years but none believed in him except his household, (and among them even his wife had the creed of pagans).16

It is evident that such a group, who might not be improved, could not have a room for living in this world and they should be annihilated.

Therefore, this verse says:

“So We saved him and his household, except his wife, We had decreed her to be of those that tarried.”

Then, when Lot and his family came out of the city at the appointed time, (in midnight of the night when the city was full of corruption and shame), a terrible earthquake turned their land completely upside down, and, in the morning, a shower of brimstone came over there.

The verse says:

“And We rained down on them a shower (of brimstone), and evil was the shower of those who had been warned.”

We had a detailed discussion about the people of Lot and their fate, as well as the evil effects of Sodomy, when explaining holy Surah Hud, No. 11, verse 77-83, which is not necessary to be repeated here again.

There is only one point, of course, that seems necessary to be mentioned here, as follows:

As a factor for duration of man’s seed and the calmness of his soul, the law of creation has set the sexual attraction between two opposite sexes, and its change toward Sodomy disturbs both the spiritual calmness and the social peace. And since these social laws have a trace in man’s nature, this change causes a kind of disorder in the system of the entity of man.

Lot, the great prophet of Allah, attracted the attention of that deviated nation to this natural trace and said to them:

“Do you commit indecency while you see (its iniquity)?”

This ignorance and unawareness of the law of life was in the sense of foolishness that drugged them towards this devious way.

It is not marvellous that other laws of creation may change due to this nation, too, and instead of a wholesome rain water, a shower of brimstone rains down over them, and their peaceful land turns over by an earthquake, and, consequently, not only they are destroyed but also no trace remains from them.

Notes

1. Tafsir-i-Nur-uth-Thaqalayn

2. Al-’A‘raf, verses 75-76

3. This meaning is explicitly expressed in Surah Al-’A‘raf, No. 7, verse 77

4. Surah Al-’A‘raf, No. 7, verse 70

5. Sur Al-’Anfal, No. 8, verse 32

6. Tafsir-ul-Kashshaf

7. Surah Al-’A‘raf, No. 7, verse 131

8. Surah Yasin, No. 36, verse 18

9. Nahaj by Ibn-Abil-Hadid, Vol. 20, P. 283

10. Sunan-i-Ibn-Majid, Vol. 2, P. 1170; and Sunan-i-’Abi Dawud, Vol. 2, P. 344

11. Safinah, Vol. 2, P. 102

12. Surah Al-’A‘raf, No. 7, verse 78

13. Surah Ath-Thariyat, No. 51, verse 44

14. Surah Hud, No. 11, verse 67

15. Surah ’Isra’, No. 17, verse 46

16. Nur-uth-Thaqalayn, the Commentary, Vol. 2, P. 382

Table of Contents

Preface 16

Chapter 1: Arabian Peninsula the Cradle of Islamic Culture 18

Makkah 19

A Short History of Makkah 19

Madina 19

Notes 21

Chapter 2: Arabia Before Islam 22

General Morals of the Arabs 23

Were the Pre-Islamic Arabs Civilized? 23

As`ad Bin Zurarah Meets The Holy Prophet 25

Religion in Arabia 27

Thinking of The Arabs about Man After Death 29

Literature or The Stereoscope of The Mentality of a Nation 29

Position of Women amongst The Arabs 30

Social Position of Women Amongs The Arabs 31

A Brief Comparison 32

Arabs as Warriors 32

Conclusion 33

Superstitions and Myths of Arabs 33

Superstitious Beliefs Of The Arabs Of The Age Of Ignorance 35

1. Burning fire for the coming of rains 36

2. If a cow did not drink water they beat the Ox 36

3. They branded healthy camels so that the others might recover 36

4. A camel was confined by the side of a grave 36

5. They cut off the feet of a camel near a grave 36

Islam Combats With Superstitions 36

6. Treatment of the sick 37

How Islam Campaigned against these Superstitions 38

7. Some Other Superstitions 38

Notes 39

Chapter 3: Conditions of Roman and Iranian Empires 40

Seasonal Discussions in Rome 40

Iran, or The Cradle of Civilisation of that Age 42

General Conditions of Iran Simultaneous with The Dawn of Islam 42

Fondness for Luxuriousness during Sasanian Period 43

Social Conditions in Iran 43

Right of Obtaining Education was Reserved for the Upper Classes 44

Verdict of History on The Sasanian Kings 46

Unrest during The Sasanian Rule 46

Disturbed Conditions of Sasanian Iran from Religious Viewpoint 47

Wars between Iran and Rome 49

Notes 50

Chapter 4: Ancestors of The Prophet 52

1. Ibrahim, The Champion of Monotheism 52

Why Worshop of Creatures Came Into Existence? 52

Birthplace of Prophet Ibrahim 53

Ibrahim’s Campaign Against Idol Worship 54

Secret of Polytheism 55

Ibrahim’s Logic Explained 57

Method of Discussion and Debate Adopted by The Prophets 58

Was Azar The Father of Ibrahim? 58

Azar in The Holy Qur’an 59

The following verses were, however, revealed in reply to their request 59

Ibrahim The Idol-Breaker 60

Instructive Points of This Narrative 62

A New Chapter in The Life of Ibrahim 64

How The Fountain of Zamzam Came Into Existence 65

They Meet Again 66

2. Qusayy Son Of Kilab 66

3 Abd Manaf 67

4. Hashim 68

Umayyah Son of Abd Shams Feels Jealous 69

Hashim Marries 70

5. Abdul Muttalib 71

Re-Excavation Of The Well Of Zamzam 71

Steadfastness In Keeping Promise 73

Tumult Of The Year of The Elephant 74

The Origin Of This Event 75

Abdul Muttalib Goes To The Camp of Abraha 77

Quraysh Await Abdul Muttalib’s Return 78

A theoretical discussion about miracles 79

Way of Thinking of Some Scholars 80

Notable Points With Regard to The Above Mentioned Explanation 82

Two Important Points 83

After The Defeat of Abraha 83

Imaginary Frontiers of Quraysh 84

Abdullah – Father Of The Holy Prophet 85

Death Of Abdullah In Yathrib 86

Notes 87

Chapter 5: Birth of the Prophet 88

Year, Month and Date of Birth of The Prophet of Islam 89

Which of The Two Versions is Correct? 90

Ceremony of Giving A Name To The Prophet of Islam 90

The Holy Qur'an mentions two names of the Prophet.73 91

The Infancy Of The Prophet 91

Notes 92

Chapter 6: Childhood of The Prophet 93

Worshippers of Allah 93

Five Years In The Desert 95

Notes 96

Chapter 7: Rejoining the Family 97

Journey To Yathrib 98

Death of Abdul Muttalib 99

Guardianship by Abu Talib 99

A Journey to Syria 99

Falsehood of The Orientalists 100

A Glance at The Existing Taurat 102

A Glance at The Injeel 103

Prophet 'Isa Shows a Miracle 103

Notes 103

Chapter 8: Period of Youth 104

Spiritual Power of The Holy Prophet 104

The Fujjar (Unjust) Battles 104

The Prophet Participates in The Agreement 106

Notes 107

Chapter 9: From Sheperd to Merchant 108

Abu Talib's Proposal 109

Khadijah - The First Lady Of Islam 110

The Patent and Latent Causes of The Marriage 112

Circumstances of Khadijah’s Suit 113

Notes 114

Chapter 10: From Marriage upto Prophethood 115

Manhood of The Holy Prophet 115

Sentiments of His Manhood 115

His Children from Khadijah 116

Unfounded Guess 116

Adopted Son of The Prophet of Islam 117

Beginning of Differences Among The Idolaters 117

The Foundations of Idol-Worship Shake 118

These four persons consisted of 118

Another Weakness of Quraysh 118

Notes 119

Chapter 11: The First Manifestation of Reality 121

Necessity for the appointment of Prophets 121

Role of Prophets on the reformation of society 122

A Patent Example 122

The 'Honest One' Of Quraysh in The Hira Mountain 124

Commencement of Revelation 125

The World as Viewed by a Materialist 125

The Abstract Soul 126

Magnetic Sleep (Hypnotism) 127

Inspiration or Mysterious Sense 127

Kinds of Inspiration 127

Myths 128

Trail of Revelation 128

Khadijah Goes to Waraqah Bin Nawafal 129

Baselessness of These Statements 130

Notes 131

Chapter 12: The First Revelation 132

Reply by Shi'ah Scholars 132

The First Reply 132

The Second Reply 133

The Third Reply 133

The Faith of the Prophet before The Prophetic Mission 134

Comparison of Prophet Muhammad with Prophet 'Isa 135

Notes 136

Chapter 13: Who Were The First Persons to Embrace Islam? 137

The First Amongst Women to Embrace Islam was Khadijah 137

The First Amongst Men to Adopt Islam was Ali 137

The First Evidence 138

The Second Evidence 139

The Third Evidence 139

The Fourth Evidence 139

Mamun’s Discussion with Ishaq 140

Notes 140

Chapter 14: Cessatation of Revelation 141

Our opinion on This Subject 142

The Holy Prophet Commenced Reformation From A Limited Circle 142

The Manner of Inviting The Kinsfolk 144

Crimes and Breach of Trust 145

Prophethood and Imamate are Linked Together 147

Notes 147

Chapter 15: General Invitation 148

The Role of Faith and Fortitude 148

Steadfastness and Fortitude of The Holy Prophet 149

Quraysh Approached Abu Talib for The Third Time 151

Quraysh Try to Allure The Holy Prophet 151

An Example of The Tortures and Persecutions by Quraysh 152

Abu Jahl Lies in Ambush for The Holy Prophet 155

Persecution of Muslims by Quraysh 156

Bilal, The Ethiopian 156

Self-Sacrifice of Ammar and His Parents 156

Abdullah Bin Mas'ud 157

Ruthless Enemies of The Holy Prophet 158

Umar Ibn Khattab Embraces Islam 158

Notes 160

Chapter 16: Judgement of Quraysh about The Holy Qur'an 162

Judgement of Walid 162

Another Example 163

Strange Stratagem of Quraysh 164

Stimulant for The Obstinacy of the Chiefs of Quraysh 164

1. Quraysh were jealous of the Holy Prophet 165

2. Fear of the Day of Judgement 165

Some objections by the Polytheists 166

Notes 167

Chapter 17: The First Migration 168

Quraysh Send Their Representatives to The Court of Ethiopia 170

Return from Ethiopia 173

Mission of The Christians 173

The Mission of Quraysh 174

Notes 175

Chapter 18: Rusty Weapons 176

Undue Calumnies 176

Persistence in Attributing Insanity 178

Imposture of Nazar Bin Harith 179

Persistence of Quraysh in Their Faith 179

They Prohibit Hearing of The Qur’an 180

The Law-Breaking Legislators 181

Preventing People from Embracing Islam 181

Another Example 182

Notes 183

Chapter 19: The Fiction of Gharaniq 184

A Simple Accountability of This Fiction 185

Judgement of Intellect on This Myth 185

Contradiction of The Story in Another Way 186

Argument against the Myth from The Point of View of Language 187

Evidence put forward by some orientalists 187

Notes 187

Chapter 20: Economic Blockade 188

Declaration By Quraysh 188

The Pitiable Condition Of Bani Hashim 189

Notes 191

Chapter 21: Death of Abu Talib 192

Specimens Of The Kindnesses And Love Of Abu Talib 192

Change In The Programme Of The Journey 193

Defence Of His Sacred Beliefs 193

A False Idea 194

The Real Stimulant For Abu Talib 194

A Short Account Of The Sacrifices Made By Abu Talib 195

The Will Of Abu Talib At The Time Of His Death 196

The Last Journey 197

The Viewpoint Of Shi'ah Scholars 197

Notes 198

Chapter 22: Me`raj – The Heavenly Ascension 199

Me'raj According To The Qur'an, Hadith And History 199

Does Me'raj Have A Qur'anic Origin? 200

In Surah al-lsra' it has been said 200

Reports About Me'raj 201

History Of This Event 201

Was Me'raj Of The Prophet Physical? 202

What Is Spiritual Me'raj? 203

Reply To The Above Criticism 204

An Unrhythmical Song 204

Me'raj And Modern Scientific Laws 205

Reply To The Above Objections 206

The Object Of Me'raj 207

Notes 208

Chapter 23: Journey to Ta`if 209

The Prophet Returns To Makkah 210

A Point Which Deserves Attention 211

Speeches In The Famous Bazaars Of Arabia 212

Invitation To The Heads Of The Tribes During Haj Season 212

Notes 212

Chapter 24: The Agreement of Aqabah 213

The Battle Of Bu'ath 214

The Details Of This Event 214

The First Agreement At 'Aqabah 215

The Second Agreement At 'Aqabah 215

Conditions Of Muslims After The Agreement Of 'Aqabah 217

The Reaction Of QurayshTo The Agreement At 'Aqabah 218

Spiritual Influence Of Islam 219

Fear Overtakes Quraysh 220

Notes 221

Chapter 25: The Event of Migration 222

Divine Assistance 223

The Archangel Jibreel Informs The Prophet 224

Enemies Attack The House Of The Prophet 225

The Prophet In The Cave Of Thaur 225

Quraysh Do Not Hesitate In Searching Out The Prophet 226

Self-Sacrifice In The Path Of Reality 226

Statement Of Ibn Taymiyah 227

Reply To The False Interpretation 228

Detailed Reply 229

Trail Of Events Of The Migration Of The Prophet 230

Coming Out Of The Cave 231

The First Page Of History 231

Why The Year Of Migration Became The Era Of Islamic History? 231

Schedule Of The Journey 232

Arrival In The Village Of Quba 233

Tumult And Glamour Of Joy In Madina 234

Seeds Of Dissension 235

Notes 236

Chapter 26: The Events of the First Year of Migration 238

The Story Of 'Ammar 239

Nurse Kinder To The Child Than Its Mother 240

Brotherhood-The Greatest Gleam Of Faith 241

Two Great Distinctions Of Ali 242

Another Distinction Of Ali 243

The Greatest Documentary Agreement Of History 244

Part One 244

Part Two 245

Part Three 246

Part Four 246

Obstructions Of The Jews 247

ABDULLAH BIN SALAM EMBRACES ISLAM 247

Another Plan To Overthrow The Government Of Islam 247

Notes 249

Chapter 27: Some Events of the First and Second Years of Migration 250

What Was The Object Of War Manoeuvres? 252

Viewpoint Of Orientalists About These Events 253

Notes 255

Chapter 28: The Events of the Second Year of Migration 256

Difficulties Of Marriage During The Present Age 256

The Propllet Campaigned Practically Against These Difficulties 256

The Dowry Of The Prophet's Daughter 258

The Ceremonies Of The Marriage 258

Notes 259

Chapter 29: Change of Qiblah 260

Miraculous Knowledge Of The Prophet 261

Notes 262

Chapter 30: The Battle of Badr 263

The Difficulty Faced By Quraysh 264

The Forces Of Truth And Falsehood Face Each Other 265

War Consultations 265

Concealment Of Facts 266

Procurement Of Information About The Enemy 267

The Caravan Of Abu Sufyan Flees 269

Muslims Become Aware Of The Escape Of The Caravan 269

Difference Of Opinion Amongst Quraysh 269

"Arish" Or Tower Of Command 270

Examining The Question Of Setting Up A Shelter 271

Movement Of Quraysh 271

Consultations By Quraysh 272

Difference Of Opinion Amongst Quraysh 272

The Reason Which Made The Battle Unavoidable 273

Single Combats 273

General Attack Begins 274

Regard For Rights 275

Umayyah Bin Khalaf Is Killed 275

Amount Of Casualties And Losses 276

After The Battle Of Badr 276

Two Captives Were Killed Enroute 277

Men Dispatched By The Prophet To Madina 278

Makkans Come To Know About Their Chiefs Being Killed 278

Wailings And Elegizing Prohibited 279

Final Decision About The Captives 279

Statement Of Ibn Abil Hadid 280

Notes 281

Chapter 31: Dangerous Designs of the Jews 282

The Fire Of War Kindles With A Spark 283

Fresh Reports Reach Madina 284

1. Ghazwatul Kadar 284

2. Ghazwatus Saweeq 285

Ghazwah Zil Amr 285

Quraysh Change Their Trade Route 286

Notes 286

Chapter 32: The Events of the Third Year of Migration 287

Reasons For The Battle Of Uhud 287

Quraysh Decide To Meet The Expenses Of War 288

The Intelligence Organization Of The Holy Prophet Furnishes A Report 289

The Army Of Quraysh Moves 289

The Uhud Region 290

Consultations In The Matter Of Defence 290

Drawing Lots For Being Killed 291

Result Of Consultations 292

The Holy Prophet Takes Decision 293

The Holy Prophet Goes Out Of Madina 293

Two Self-Sacrificing Soldiers 293

Array Of The Two Armies 295

Strengthening The Morale Of The Soldiers 296

The Enemy Organizes His Rows 296

Psychological Stimulations 297

The Battle Begins 297

Who Were Fighting For The Sake Of Lust? 298

Defeat After Victory 299

The Rumour About The Prophet Being Killed Spreads 300

Is It Possible To Deny The Flight Of Some Persons? 301

The Holy Qur'an Reveals Some Facts 301

Bitter Experiences 302

Five Persons Conspire To Kill The Holy Prophet 303

Defence Associated With Success And Renewed Victory 304

Trail Of The Happenings At Uhud 310

The Opportunists Among The Enemy 310

End Of The Battle 311

Last Words Of Sa'd Bin Rabi' 312

The Holy Prophet Returns To Madina 313

Exciting Record Of A Faithful Woman 313

Another Example Of Self-Sacrificing Women 314

The Enemy Should Be Pursued 315

The Prophet Goes Upto Hamra'ul Asad 316

A True Believer Is Not Cheated Twice 317

Notes 317

Chapter 33: The Events of the Third and Fourth Years of Migration 319

A Dexterously Drawn Plan To Kill The Missionaries 319

Cruel Massacre Of The Missionaries Of Islam 320

Tragedy Of Bl'r Ma'unah 321

Partial Behaviour Of The Orientalists 322

A True Believer Is Never Stung From The Same Hole Twice 322

Notes 323

Chapter 34: The Jews Quit the Zone of Islam  324

How To Deal With This Crime? 325

Crocodile Tears 326

Role Of The Hypocrites 326

The Farms Of Bani Nuzayr Are Distributed Among The Muhajirs 327

Notes 327

Chapter 35: The Events of the Fourth Year of Migration 328

Prohibition Of Alcoholic Drinks 328

Battle (Ghazwah) Of Za'tur Riqa' 329

Forbearing Guards 330

The Second Badr 331

Notes 331

Chapter 36: The Events of the Fifth Year of Migration 332

Who Was Zayd Bin Harith? 332

Zayd Marries The Prophet's Cousin (Paternal Aunt's Daughter) 332

Zayd Separates From His Wife 333

Marriage For Banning Another Wrong Custom 333

The Forged Story About Zaynab Is A Mere Fiction 335

Explanation Of Two Parts Of The Verse 336

Notes 337

Chapter 37: The Battle of Ahzab 338

Intelligence Bureau Of Muslims 339

The Well-Known Remarks Of The Prophet About Salman 340

The Army Of The Arabs And The Jews Besieges Madina 341

Number Of Soldiers Of The Two Forces 341

The Rigours Of Winter And The Shortage Of Provisions 341

Hay Bin Akhtab Arrives In The Fortress Of Bani Qurayzah 342

The Prophet Becomes Aware Of The Violation Of The Pact By Bani Qurayzah 343

Initial Transgressions By Bani Qurayzah 343

Encounter Between Faith And Infidelity 344

Some Champions Of The Arab Army Cross The Ditch 345

Combat Between The Two Champions Commences 346

The Value Of This Blow 347

Magnanimity 347

The Army Of The Arabs Is Divided 347

Factors Which Divided The Arab Army 348

Representatives Of Quraysh Visit The Fortress Of Bani Qurayzah 350

The Last Factor 351

Notes 351

Chapter 38: The Last Stage of Mischief 352

Consultations By The Jews Within The Fortress 352

Betrayal By Abu Lubabah 354

The Fate Of The Fifth Group 355

A Study Of Sa'd Mu'az's Judiciousness 356

Notes 358

Chapter 39: The Events of the Fifth and Sixth Years of Migration 359

A Band Of Quraysh Proceeds To Ethiopia 360

Prevention Of Repetition Of Bitter Events 360

Battle Of Zl Qarad 361

Unpermissible Vow 361

Notes 362

Chapter 40: The Events of The Sixth Year of Migration 363

The Battle Of Bani Mustaliq 363

A Hypocrite Fans The Flame Of Dissensions 364

Conflict Between Faith And Sentiments Of A Soldier 365

The Prophet Marries Juwayriyah 366

Notes 366

Chapter 41: A Religious and Political Journey 367

The Representatives Of Quraysh Come And Meet The Holy Prophet 369

The Prophet Of Islam Sends His Representative 371

The Holy Prophet Sends Another Representative 371

The Rizwan Pledge 372

Suhayl Bin 'Amr Contacts The Prophet 372

History Repeats Itself 373

Text Of The Hudaybiyah Pact 374

Glad Tidings Of Freedom 375

Last Effort For The Preservation Of Peace 376

Evaluation Of The Peace Pact Of Hudaybiyah 377

Quraysh Insist Upon Cancellation Of One Of The Clauses Of The Pact 379

The Muslim Women Were Not Surrendered To Quraysh 380

Notes 381

Chapter 42: The Events of the Seventh Year of Migration 382

The Universality Of The Prophethood 382

The Message Of Prophethood Is Sent To Far Off Places 383

Conditions Of The World At The Time Of The Communication Of Universal Invitation 384

The Messenger Of Islam In The Roman Territory 385

Kaiser Makes Investigations About The Holy Prophet 386

The Prophet's Letter Impresses Kaiser 387

The Ambassador Of The Prophet Arrives In Iran 387

Ya'qubi's False View 389

Khusro Perviz Contacts The Ruler Of Yemen 389

Arrival Of The Messenger Of Islam In Egypt 390

The Maqauqis Writes A Letter To The Prophet 392

Envoy Of Islam Enters Ethiopia 393

Conversation Of The Envoy With The Negus 394

The Negus Writes To The Holy Prophet 395

Letters Of The Holy Prophet To The Rulers Of Syria And Yamamah 395

The Holy Prophet's Letters To The Prince Of The Ghassanians 396

The Sixth Envoy Of The Prophet Proceeds To Yamamah 397

Other Letters Of The Prophet Of Islam 399

Notes 399

Chapter 43: Fort of Khayber the Centre of Danger 400

The Army Of Islam Moves To An Unknown Destination 401

Important Places Are Occupied At Night 402

The Fortifications Of The Jews Tumble Down 403

Piety In The Very Face Of Hardships 404

The Forts Are Conquered One After The Other 405

The Great Victory At Khayber 406

Tampering With Facts 408

Three Bright Points In The Life Of Ali 409

The Factors Pertaining To Victory 410

1. Military Plan And Tactics 410

2. Procurement Of Information 411

3. Self-Sacrifice Of All 411

Kind Sentiments In The Battlefield 412

Kananah Bin Rabi' Is Killed 412

War Booty Is Divided 413

A Caravan From Ethiopia The Memorable Land 413

Figures Of Casualties 414

Forgiveness At The Time Of Victory 414

Stubborn Behaviour Of The Jews 415

The Jews Are Expelled From Khayber 417

Lie Justified By Its Motive 417

Notes 418

Chapter 44: The Story of Fadak 420

Is it possible to entertain any doubt about the matter after this clear statement? 422

The Story Of Fadak After The Prophet 422

Notes 424

Chapter 45: The Lapsed `Umrah 425

The Prophet Enters Makkah 426

The Prophet Leaves Makkah 427

Notes 428

Chapter 46: The Events of the Eighth Year of Migration 429

A Still More Tragic Event 429

Difference Of Opinion About The First Commander 430

Array Of Roman And Islamic Troops 432

Army Of Islam In Distress 434

The Soldiers Of Islam Return To Madina 435

Myth Instead Of History 435

The Prophet Wept Bitterly On The Death Of Ja'far 436

Notes 436

Chapter 47: The Battle of Zatus Salasil 437

Ali Is Selected As The Commander Of The Army 439

The Secret Of Ali's Victory In This Battle 439

Notes 440

Chapter 48: The Conquest of Makkah 441

The Prophet's Decision Makes Quraysh Uneasy 442

A Spy Is Trapped 444

The Prophet And The Muslims March Towards Makkah 446

Showing Indulgence While In Power And Authority 447

Fascinating Tactics Of The Army Of Islam 448

Abbas Makes Abu Sufyan Pass Through The Muslim Camp 449

Abu Sufyan Appears Before The Prophet 450

Makkah Surrenders Without Bloodshed 451

Abu Sufyan Proceeds To Makkah 452

Military Forces Of Islam Enter The City 453

Breaking The Idols And Washing The Ka'bah 454

The Prophet Grants General Amnesty 457

The Prophet Exhorts His Kinsmen 457

Historical Sermon Of The Prophet In The Masjidul Haram 458

Superiority On Account Of Being An Arab 459

The Hundred Years' Wars And Old Grudges 459

Islamic Brotherhood 459

The Criminals Are Arrested 460

The Story Of 'Ikrimah And Safwan 460

Events After The Conquest Of Makkah 461

Idol Temples In Makkah And In Its Suburbs Become Desolate 462

Another Offence Of Khalid 463

Notes 464

Chapter 49: The Battle of Hunayn 465

An Unmatched Army 465

Acquisition Of Information 465

Equipment Of The Muslims 467

The Steadfastness Of The Prophet And Of A Group Of Self-Sacrificing Persons 467

War Booty 468

Notes 468

Chapter 50: The Battle of Ta’if 469

Splitting The Wall Of The Fort By Means Of Military Vehicles 470

Economic And Moral Blows 470

The Last Stratagem To Conquer The Fort 471

The Army Of Islam Returns To Madina 471

Events After The War 472

Malik Bin 'Awf Embraced Islam 474

Distribution Of War Booty 474

Notes 476

Chapter 51: The Famous Panegyric of Ka’b Bin Zuhayr 477

A Young Man Becomes The Governor Of Makkah 477

Story Of Ka'b Bin Zuhayr Bin Abi Sulma 478

Grief Mingled With Joy 479

Notes 479

Chapter 52: The Events of the Ninth Year of Migration 480

Demolition Of The Idol-Temple 480

Adyy Bin Hatim Proceeds To Madina 482

Notes 483

Chapter 53: The Battle of Tabuk 484

Inviting Warriors And Procuring Expenses Of War 484

Persons Opposed To Participation In The Battle 485

Ali Did Not Participate In This Battle 486

The Army Of Islam Proceeds Towards Tabuk 487

March Past Of The Army Before The Prophet 488

The Story Of Malik Bin Qays 488

Difficulties On The Way 489

Precautionary Orders 489

Occult Information Of The Prophet 490

Another Occult Information 490

Army Of Islam Arrives In The Area Of Tabuk 490

Khalid Bin Walid Is Dispatched To Dowmatul Jandal 492

Evaluation Of The Journey To Tabuk 493

The Hypocrites Plot Against The Holy Prophet 493

Cold War 494

The Event Of Masjid Zirar 496

Notes 497

Chapter 54: The Deputation of Thaqif Goes to Madina 499

Dissensions Amongst The People Of Thaqif Tribe 499

The Deputation Of Thaqif Meets The Prophet 500

The Conditions Of The Deputation 501

Notes 502

Chapter 55: The Prophet Mourning for His Son 503

Baseless Objection 503

Campaign Against Superstitions 504

Notes 505

Chapter 56: Eradication of Idol-Worship in Arabia 506

Unfair Bias In The Assessment Of This Event 509

Notes 510

Chapter 57: Representatives of Najran in Madina 511

The Representatives Of Najran Have Discussions With The Prophet 512

The Represents Of Najran Give Up The Idea Of Mubahilah 514

Contents Of The Agreement Concluded Between The Parties 515

Notes 516

Chapter 58: The Events of the Tenth Year of Migration 517

Plot To Kill The Prophet 517

The Commander Of The Faithful Is Deputed To Yemen 518

Notes 519

Chapter 59: The Farewell Haj 520

Ali Returns From Yemen To Partake In Haj Ceremonies 521

Haj Ceremonies Begin 522

The Historical Sermon Of The Prophet At The Time Of The Farewell Haj 522

Notes 524

Chapter 60: Islam is completed by The Appointment of Successor 526

Prophethood And Imamate Were Inter-Related 527

Sermon Of The Prophet At Ghadir Khum 528

The Authentic Sources Of The Hadith Ghadir 529

Notes 530

Chapter 61: The Events of the Eleventh Year of Migration 531

The Impostors And Apprehensions Of Rome 531

A Short Biography Of Musaylimah 531

Apprehension Of Rome 532

A Lame Excuse 535

Seeking Forgiveness For Those Burled In Baqi 535

Notes 536

Chapter 62: A Will which was Not Written 537

Bring A Pen And An Ink-Pot So That I May Write A Will 537

What Did The Will Aim At? 540

Making Amends For The Matter 541

Distribution Of Dinars 542

The Prophet Is Annoyed On Account Of The Medicine Given To Him 542

Last Farewell To Friends 542

Notes 543

Chapter 63: The Last Hours of the Prophet 545

The Prophet Speaks To His Daughter 545

Brushing The Teeth 546

Recommendations Of The Prophet 546

The Last Day 547

Notes 549

Table of Contents

Preface 16

Chapter 1: Arabian Peninsula the Cradle of Islamic Culture 18

Makkah 19

A Short History of Makkah 19

Madina 19

Notes 21

Chapter 2: Arabia Before Islam 22

General Morals of the Arabs 23

Were the Pre-Islamic Arabs Civilized? 23

As`ad Bin Zurarah Meets The Holy Prophet 25

Religion in Arabia 27

Thinking of The Arabs about Man After Death 29

Literature or The Stereoscope of The Mentality of a Nation 29

Position of Women amongst The Arabs 30

Social Position of Women Amongs The Arabs 31

A Brief Comparison 32

Arabs as Warriors 32

Conclusion 33

Superstitions and Myths of Arabs 33

Superstitious Beliefs Of The Arabs Of The Age Of Ignorance 35

1. Burning fire for the coming of rains 36

2. If a cow did not drink water they beat the Ox 36

3. They branded healthy camels so that the others might recover 36

4. A camel was confined by the side of a grave 36

5. They cut off the feet of a camel near a grave 36

Islam Combats With Superstitions 36

6. Treatment of the sick 37

How Islam Campaigned against these Superstitions 38

7. Some Other Superstitions 38

Notes 39

Chapter 3: Conditions of Roman and Iranian Empires 40

Seasonal Discussions in Rome 40

Iran, or The Cradle of Civilisation of that Age 42

General Conditions of Iran Simultaneous with The Dawn of Islam 42

Fondness for Luxuriousness during Sasanian Period 43

Social Conditions in Iran 43

Right of Obtaining Education was Reserved for the Upper Classes 44

Verdict of History on The Sasanian Kings 46

Unrest during The Sasanian Rule 46

Disturbed Conditions of Sasanian Iran from Religious Viewpoint 47

Wars between Iran and Rome 49

Notes 50

Chapter 4: Ancestors of The Prophet 52

1. Ibrahim, The Champion of Monotheism 52

Why Worshop of Creatures Came Into Existence? 52

Birthplace of Prophet Ibrahim 53

Ibrahim’s Campaign Against Idol Worship 54

Secret of Polytheism 55

Ibrahim’s Logic Explained 57

Method of Discussion and Debate Adopted by The Prophets 58

Was Azar The Father of Ibrahim? 58

Azar in The Holy Qur’an 59

The following verses were, however, revealed in reply to their request 59

Ibrahim The Idol-Breaker 60

Instructive Points of This Narrative 62

A New Chapter in The Life of Ibrahim 64

How The Fountain of Zamzam Came Into Existence 65

They Meet Again 66

2. Qusayy Son Of Kilab 66

3 Abd Manaf 67

4. Hashim 68

Umayyah Son of Abd Shams Feels Jealous 69

Hashim Marries 70

5. Abdul Muttalib 71

Re-Excavation Of The Well Of Zamzam 71

Steadfastness In Keeping Promise 73

Tumult Of The Year of The Elephant 74

The Origin Of This Event 75

Abdul Muttalib Goes To The Camp of Abraha 77

Quraysh Await Abdul Muttalib’s Return 78

A theoretical discussion about miracles 79

Way of Thinking of Some Scholars 80

Notable Points With Regard to The Above Mentioned Explanation 82

Two Important Points 83

After The Defeat of Abraha 83

Imaginary Frontiers of Quraysh 84

Abdullah – Father Of The Holy Prophet 85

Death Of Abdullah In Yathrib 86

Notes 87

Chapter 5: Birth of the Prophet 88

Year, Month and Date of Birth of The Prophet of Islam 89

Which of The Two Versions is Correct? 90

Ceremony of Giving A Name To The Prophet of Islam 90

The Holy Qur'an mentions two names of the Prophet.73 91

The Infancy Of The Prophet 91

Notes 92

Chapter 6: Childhood of The Prophet 93

Worshippers of Allah 93

Five Years In The Desert 95

Notes 96

Chapter 7: Rejoining the Family 97

Journey To Yathrib 98

Death of Abdul Muttalib 99

Guardianship by Abu Talib 99

A Journey to Syria 99

Falsehood of The Orientalists 100

A Glance at The Existing Taurat 102

A Glance at The Injeel 103

Prophet 'Isa Shows a Miracle 103

Notes 103

Chapter 8: Period of Youth 104

Spiritual Power of The Holy Prophet 104

The Fujjar (Unjust) Battles 104

The Prophet Participates in The Agreement 106

Notes 107

Chapter 9: From Sheperd to Merchant 108

Abu Talib's Proposal 109

Khadijah - The First Lady Of Islam 110

The Patent and Latent Causes of The Marriage 112

Circumstances of Khadijah’s Suit 113

Notes 114

Chapter 10: From Marriage upto Prophethood 115

Manhood of The Holy Prophet 115

Sentiments of His Manhood 115

His Children from Khadijah 116

Unfounded Guess 116

Adopted Son of The Prophet of Islam 117

Beginning of Differences Among The Idolaters 117

The Foundations of Idol-Worship Shake 118

These four persons consisted of 118

Another Weakness of Quraysh 118

Notes 119

Chapter 11: The First Manifestation of Reality 121

Necessity for the appointment of Prophets 121

Role of Prophets on the reformation of society 122

A Patent Example 122

The 'Honest One' Of Quraysh in The Hira Mountain 124

Commencement of Revelation 125

The World as Viewed by a Materialist 125

The Abstract Soul 126

Magnetic Sleep (Hypnotism) 127

Inspiration or Mysterious Sense 127

Kinds of Inspiration 127

Myths 128

Trail of Revelation 128

Khadijah Goes to Waraqah Bin Nawafal 129

Baselessness of These Statements 130

Notes 131

Chapter 12: The First Revelation 132

Reply by Shi'ah Scholars 132

The First Reply 132

The Second Reply 133

The Third Reply 133

The Faith of the Prophet before The Prophetic Mission 134

Comparison of Prophet Muhammad with Prophet 'Isa 135

Notes 136

Chapter 13: Who Were The First Persons to Embrace Islam? 137

The First Amongst Women to Embrace Islam was Khadijah 137

The First Amongst Men to Adopt Islam was Ali 137

The First Evidence 138

The Second Evidence 139

The Third Evidence 139

The Fourth Evidence 139

Mamun’s Discussion with Ishaq 140

Notes 140

Chapter 14: Cessatation of Revelation 141

Our opinion on This Subject 142

The Holy Prophet Commenced Reformation From A Limited Circle 142

The Manner of Inviting The Kinsfolk 144

Crimes and Breach of Trust 145

Prophethood and Imamate are Linked Together 147

Notes 147

Chapter 15: General Invitation 148

The Role of Faith and Fortitude 148

Steadfastness and Fortitude of The Holy Prophet 149

Quraysh Approached Abu Talib for The Third Time 151

Quraysh Try to Allure The Holy Prophet 151

An Example of The Tortures and Persecutions by Quraysh 152

Abu Jahl Lies in Ambush for The Holy Prophet 155

Persecution of Muslims by Quraysh 156

Bilal, The Ethiopian 156

Self-Sacrifice of Ammar and His Parents 156

Abdullah Bin Mas'ud 157

Ruthless Enemies of The Holy Prophet 158

Umar Ibn Khattab Embraces Islam 158

Notes 160

Chapter 16: Judgement of Quraysh about The Holy Qur'an 162

Judgement of Walid 162

Another Example 163

Strange Stratagem of Quraysh 164

Stimulant for The Obstinacy of the Chiefs of Quraysh 164

1. Quraysh were jealous of the Holy Prophet 165

2. Fear of the Day of Judgement 165

Some objections by the Polytheists 166

Notes 167

Chapter 17: The First Migration 168

Quraysh Send Their Representatives to The Court of Ethiopia 170

Return from Ethiopia 173

Mission of The Christians 173

The Mission of Quraysh 174

Notes 175

Chapter 18: Rusty Weapons 176

Undue Calumnies 176

Persistence in Attributing Insanity 178

Imposture of Nazar Bin Harith 179

Persistence of Quraysh in Their Faith 179

They Prohibit Hearing of The Qur’an 180

The Law-Breaking Legislators 181

Preventing People from Embracing Islam 181

Another Example 182

Notes 183

Chapter 19: The Fiction of Gharaniq 184

A Simple Accountability of This Fiction 185

Judgement of Intellect on This Myth 185

Contradiction of The Story in Another Way 186

Argument against the Myth from The Point of View of Language 187

Evidence put forward by some orientalists 187

Notes 187

Chapter 20: Economic Blockade 188

Declaration By Quraysh 188

The Pitiable Condition Of Bani Hashim 189

Notes 191

Chapter 21: Death of Abu Talib 192

Specimens Of The Kindnesses And Love Of Abu Talib 192

Change In The Programme Of The Journey 193

Defence Of His Sacred Beliefs 193

A False Idea 194

The Real Stimulant For Abu Talib 194

A Short Account Of The Sacrifices Made By Abu Talib 195

The Will Of Abu Talib At The Time Of His Death 196

The Last Journey 197

The Viewpoint Of Shi'ah Scholars 197

Notes 198

Chapter 22: Me`raj – The Heavenly Ascension 199

Me'raj According To The Qur'an, Hadith And History 199

Does Me'raj Have A Qur'anic Origin? 200

In Surah al-lsra' it has been said 200

Reports About Me'raj 201

History Of This Event 201

Was Me'raj Of The Prophet Physical? 202

What Is Spiritual Me'raj? 203

Reply To The Above Criticism 204

An Unrhythmical Song 204

Me'raj And Modern Scientific Laws 205

Reply To The Above Objections 206

The Object Of Me'raj 207

Notes 208

Chapter 23: Journey to Ta`if 209

The Prophet Returns To Makkah 210

A Point Which Deserves Attention 211

Speeches In The Famous Bazaars Of Arabia 212

Invitation To The Heads Of The Tribes During Haj Season 212

Notes 212

Chapter 24: The Agreement of Aqabah 213

The Battle Of Bu'ath 214

The Details Of This Event 214

The First Agreement At 'Aqabah 215

The Second Agreement At 'Aqabah 215

Conditions Of Muslims After The Agreement Of 'Aqabah 217

The Reaction Of QurayshTo The Agreement At 'Aqabah 218

Spiritual Influence Of Islam 219

Fear Overtakes Quraysh 220

Notes 221

Chapter 25: The Event of Migration 222

Divine Assistance 223

The Archangel Jibreel Informs The Prophet 224

Enemies Attack The House Of The Prophet 225

The Prophet In The Cave Of Thaur 225

Quraysh Do Not Hesitate In Searching Out The Prophet 226

Self-Sacrifice In The Path Of Reality 226

Statement Of Ibn Taymiyah 227

Reply To The False Interpretation 228

Detailed Reply 229

Trail Of Events Of The Migration Of The Prophet 230

Coming Out Of The Cave 231

The First Page Of History 231

Why The Year Of Migration Became The Era Of Islamic History? 231

Schedule Of The Journey 232

Arrival In The Village Of Quba 233

Tumult And Glamour Of Joy In Madina 234

Seeds Of Dissension 235

Notes 236

Chapter 26: The Events of the First Year of Migration 238

The Story Of 'Ammar 239

Nurse Kinder To The Child Than Its Mother 240

Brotherhood-The Greatest Gleam Of Faith 241

Two Great Distinctions Of Ali 242

Another Distinction Of Ali 243

The Greatest Documentary Agreement Of History 244

Part One 244

Part Two 245

Part Three 246

Part Four 246

Obstructions Of The Jews 247

ABDULLAH BIN SALAM EMBRACES ISLAM 247

Another Plan To Overthrow The Government Of Islam 247

Notes 249

Chapter 27: Some Events of the First and Second Years of Migration 250

What Was The Object Of War Manoeuvres? 252

Viewpoint Of Orientalists About These Events 253

Notes 255

Chapter 28: The Events of the Second Year of Migration 256

Difficulties Of Marriage During The Present Age 256

The Propllet Campaigned Practically Against These Difficulties 256

The Dowry Of The Prophet's Daughter 258

The Ceremonies Of The Marriage 258

Notes 259

Chapter 29: Change of Qiblah 260

Miraculous Knowledge Of The Prophet 261

Notes 262

Chapter 30: The Battle of Badr 263

The Difficulty Faced By Quraysh 264

The Forces Of Truth And Falsehood Face Each Other 265

War Consultations 265

Concealment Of Facts 266

Procurement Of Information About The Enemy 267

The Caravan Of Abu Sufyan Flees 269

Muslims Become Aware Of The Escape Of The Caravan 269

Difference Of Opinion Amongst Quraysh 269

"Arish" Or Tower Of Command 270

Examining The Question Of Setting Up A Shelter 271

Movement Of Quraysh 271

Consultations By Quraysh 272

Difference Of Opinion Amongst Quraysh 272

The Reason Which Made The Battle Unavoidable 273

Single Combats 273

General Attack Begins 274

Regard For Rights 275

Umayyah Bin Khalaf Is Killed 275

Amount Of Casualties And Losses 276

After The Battle Of Badr 276

Two Captives Were Killed Enroute 277

Men Dispatched By The Prophet To Madina 278

Makkans Come To Know About Their Chiefs Being Killed 278

Wailings And Elegizing Prohibited 279

Final Decision About The Captives 279

Statement Of Ibn Abil Hadid 280

Notes 281

Chapter 31: Dangerous Designs of the Jews 282

The Fire Of War Kindles With A Spark 283

Fresh Reports Reach Madina 284

1. Ghazwatul Kadar 284

2. Ghazwatus Saweeq 285

Ghazwah Zil Amr 285

Quraysh Change Their Trade Route 286

Notes 286

Chapter 32: The Events of the Third Year of Migration 287

Reasons For The Battle Of Uhud 287

Quraysh Decide To Meet The Expenses Of War 288

The Intelligence Organization Of The Holy Prophet Furnishes A Report 289

The Army Of Quraysh Moves 289

The Uhud Region 290

Consultations In The Matter Of Defence 290

Drawing Lots For Being Killed 291

Result Of Consultations 292

The Holy Prophet Takes Decision 293

The Holy Prophet Goes Out Of Madina 293

Two Self-Sacrificing Soldiers 293

Array Of The Two Armies 295

Strengthening The Morale Of The Soldiers 296

The Enemy Organizes His Rows 296

Psychological Stimulations 297

The Battle Begins 297

Who Were Fighting For The Sake Of Lust? 298

Defeat After Victory 299

The Rumour About The Prophet Being Killed Spreads 300

Is It Possible To Deny The Flight Of Some Persons? 301

The Holy Qur'an Reveals Some Facts 301

Bitter Experiences 302

Five Persons Conspire To Kill The Holy Prophet 303

Defence Associated With Success And Renewed Victory 304

Trail Of The Happenings At Uhud 310

The Opportunists Among The Enemy 310

End Of The Battle 311

Last Words Of Sa'd Bin Rabi' 312

The Holy Prophet Returns To Madina 313

Exciting Record Of A Faithful Woman 313

Another Example Of Self-Sacrificing Women 314

The Enemy Should Be Pursued 315

The Prophet Goes Upto Hamra'ul Asad 316

A True Believer Is Not Cheated Twice 317

Notes 317

Chapter 33: The Events of the Third and Fourth Years of Migration 319

A Dexterously Drawn Plan To Kill The Missionaries 319

Cruel Massacre Of The Missionaries Of Islam 320

Tragedy Of Bl'r Ma'unah 321

Partial Behaviour Of The Orientalists 322

A True Believer Is Never Stung From The Same Hole Twice 322

Notes 323

Chapter 34: The Jews Quit the Zone of Islam  324

How To Deal With This Crime? 325

Crocodile Tears 326

Role Of The Hypocrites 326

The Farms Of Bani Nuzayr Are Distributed Among The Muhajirs 327

Notes 327

Chapter 35: The Events of the Fourth Year of Migration 328

Prohibition Of Alcoholic Drinks 328

Battle (Ghazwah) Of Za'tur Riqa' 329

Forbearing Guards 330

The Second Badr 331

Notes 331

Chapter 36: The Events of the Fifth Year of Migration 332

Who Was Zayd Bin Harith? 332

Zayd Marries The Prophet's Cousin (Paternal Aunt's Daughter) 332

Zayd Separates From His Wife 333

Marriage For Banning Another Wrong Custom 333

The Forged Story About Zaynab Is A Mere Fiction 335

Explanation Of Two Parts Of The Verse 336

Notes 337

Chapter 37: The Battle of Ahzab 338

Intelligence Bureau Of Muslims 339

The Well-Known Remarks Of The Prophet About Salman 340

The Army Of The Arabs And The Jews Besieges Madina 341

Number Of Soldiers Of The Two Forces 341

The Rigours Of Winter And The Shortage Of Provisions 341

Hay Bin Akhtab Arrives In The Fortress Of Bani Qurayzah 342

The Prophet Becomes Aware Of The Violation Of The Pact By Bani Qurayzah 343

Initial Transgressions By Bani Qurayzah 343

Encounter Between Faith And Infidelity 344

Some Champions Of The Arab Army Cross The Ditch 345

Combat Between The Two Champions Commences 346

The Value Of This Blow 347

Magnanimity 347

The Army Of The Arabs Is Divided 347

Factors Which Divided The Arab Army 348

Representatives Of Quraysh Visit The Fortress Of Bani Qurayzah 350

The Last Factor 351

Notes 351

Chapter 38: The Last Stage of Mischief 352

Consultations By The Jews Within The Fortress 352

Betrayal By Abu Lubabah 354

The Fate Of The Fifth Group 355

A Study Of Sa'd Mu'az's Judiciousness 356

Notes 358

Chapter 39: The Events of the Fifth and Sixth Years of Migration 359

A Band Of Quraysh Proceeds To Ethiopia 360

Prevention Of Repetition Of Bitter Events 360

Battle Of Zl Qarad 361

Unpermissible Vow 361

Notes 362

Chapter 40: The Events of The Sixth Year of Migration 363

The Battle Of Bani Mustaliq 363

A Hypocrite Fans The Flame Of Dissensions 364

Conflict Between Faith And Sentiments Of A Soldier 365

The Prophet Marries Juwayriyah 366

Notes 366

Chapter 41: A Religious and Political Journey 367

The Representatives Of Quraysh Come And Meet The Holy Prophet 369

The Prophet Of Islam Sends His Representative 371

The Holy Prophet Sends Another Representative 371

The Rizwan Pledge 372

Suhayl Bin 'Amr Contacts The Prophet 372

History Repeats Itself 373

Text Of The Hudaybiyah Pact 374

Glad Tidings Of Freedom 375

Last Effort For The Preservation Of Peace 376

Evaluation Of The Peace Pact Of Hudaybiyah 377

Quraysh Insist Upon Cancellation Of One Of The Clauses Of The Pact 379

The Muslim Women Were Not Surrendered To Quraysh 380

Notes 381

Chapter 42: The Events of the Seventh Year of Migration 382

The Universality Of The Prophethood 382

The Message Of Prophethood Is Sent To Far Off Places 383

Conditions Of The World At The Time Of The Communication Of Universal Invitation 384

The Messenger Of Islam In The Roman Territory 385

Kaiser Makes Investigations About The Holy Prophet 386

The Prophet's Letter Impresses Kaiser 387

The Ambassador Of The Prophet Arrives In Iran 387

Ya'qubi's False View 389

Khusro Perviz Contacts The Ruler Of Yemen 389

Arrival Of The Messenger Of Islam In Egypt 390

The Maqauqis Writes A Letter To The Prophet 392

Envoy Of Islam Enters Ethiopia 393

Conversation Of The Envoy With The Negus 394

The Negus Writes To The Holy Prophet 395

Letters Of The Holy Prophet To The Rulers Of Syria And Yamamah 395

The Holy Prophet's Letters To The Prince Of The Ghassanians 396

The Sixth Envoy Of The Prophet Proceeds To Yamamah 397

Other Letters Of The Prophet Of Islam 399

Notes 399

Chapter 43: Fort of Khayber the Centre of Danger 400

The Army Of Islam Moves To An Unknown Destination 401

Important Places Are Occupied At Night 402

The Fortifications Of The Jews Tumble Down 403

Piety In The Very Face Of Hardships 404

The Forts Are Conquered One After The Other 405

The Great Victory At Khayber 406

Tampering With Facts 408

Three Bright Points In The Life Of Ali 409

The Factors Pertaining To Victory 410

1. Military Plan And Tactics 410

2. Procurement Of Information 411

3. Self-Sacrifice Of All 411

Kind Sentiments In The Battlefield 412

Kananah Bin Rabi' Is Killed 412

War Booty Is Divided 413

A Caravan From Ethiopia The Memorable Land 413

Figures Of Casualties 414

Forgiveness At The Time Of Victory 414

Stubborn Behaviour Of The Jews 415

The Jews Are Expelled From Khayber 417

Lie Justified By Its Motive 417

Notes 418

Chapter 44: The Story of Fadak 420

Is it possible to entertain any doubt about the matter after this clear statement? 422

The Story Of Fadak After The Prophet 422

Notes 424

Chapter 45: The Lapsed `Umrah 425

The Prophet Enters Makkah 426

The Prophet Leaves Makkah 427

Notes 428

Chapter 46: The Events of the Eighth Year of Migration 429

A Still More Tragic Event 429

Difference Of Opinion About The First Commander 430

Array Of Roman And Islamic Troops 432

Army Of Islam In Distress 434

The Soldiers Of Islam Return To Madina 435

Myth Instead Of History 435

The Prophet Wept Bitterly On The Death Of Ja'far 436

Notes 436

Chapter 47: The Battle of Zatus Salasil 437

Ali Is Selected As The Commander Of The Army 439

The Secret Of Ali's Victory In This Battle 439

Notes 440

Chapter 48: The Conquest of Makkah 441

The Prophet's Decision Makes Quraysh Uneasy 442

A Spy Is Trapped 444

The Prophet And The Muslims March Towards Makkah 446

Showing Indulgence While In Power And Authority 447

Fascinating Tactics Of The Army Of Islam 448

Abbas Makes Abu Sufyan Pass Through The Muslim Camp 449

Abu Sufyan Appears Before The Prophet 450

Makkah Surrenders Without Bloodshed 451

Abu Sufyan Proceeds To Makkah 452

Military Forces Of Islam Enter The City 453

Breaking The Idols And Washing The Ka'bah 454

The Prophet Grants General Amnesty 457

The Prophet Exhorts His Kinsmen 457

Historical Sermon Of The Prophet In The Masjidul Haram 458

Superiority On Account Of Being An Arab 459

The Hundred Years' Wars And Old Grudges 459

Islamic Brotherhood 459

The Criminals Are Arrested 460

The Story Of 'Ikrimah And Safwan 460

Events After The Conquest Of Makkah 461

Idol Temples In Makkah And In Its Suburbs Become Desolate 462

Another Offence Of Khalid 463

Notes 464

Chapter 49: The Battle of Hunayn 465

An Unmatched Army 465

Acquisition Of Information 465

Equipment Of The Muslims 467

The Steadfastness Of The Prophet And Of A Group Of Self-Sacrificing Persons 467

War Booty 468

Notes 468

Chapter 50: The Battle of Ta’if 469

Splitting The Wall Of The Fort By Means Of Military Vehicles 470

Economic And Moral Blows 470

The Last Stratagem To Conquer The Fort 471

The Army Of Islam Returns To Madina 471

Events After The War 472

Malik Bin 'Awf Embraced Islam 474

Distribution Of War Booty 474

Notes 476

Chapter 51: The Famous Panegyric of Ka’b Bin Zuhayr 477

A Young Man Becomes The Governor Of Makkah 477

Story Of Ka'b Bin Zuhayr Bin Abi Sulma 478

Grief Mingled With Joy 479

Notes 479

Chapter 52: The Events of the Ninth Year of Migration 480

Demolition Of The Idol-Temple 480

Adyy Bin Hatim Proceeds To Madina 482

Notes 483

Chapter 53: The Battle of Tabuk 484

Inviting Warriors And Procuring Expenses Of War 484

Persons Opposed To Participation In The Battle 485

Ali Did Not Participate In This Battle 486

The Army Of Islam Proceeds Towards Tabuk 487

March Past Of The Army Before The Prophet 488

The Story Of Malik Bin Qays 488

Difficulties On The Way 489

Precautionary Orders 489

Occult Information Of The Prophet 490

Another Occult Information 490

Army Of Islam Arrives In The Area Of Tabuk 490

Khalid Bin Walid Is Dispatched To Dowmatul Jandal 492

Evaluation Of The Journey To Tabuk 493

The Hypocrites Plot Against The Holy Prophet 493

Cold War 494

The Event Of Masjid Zirar 496

Notes 497

Chapter 54: The Deputation of Thaqif Goes to Madina 499

Dissensions Amongst The People Of Thaqif Tribe 499

The Deputation Of Thaqif Meets The Prophet 500

The Conditions Of The Deputation 501

Notes 502

Chapter 55: The Prophet Mourning for His Son 503

Baseless Objection 503

Campaign Against Superstitions 504

Notes 505

Chapter 56: Eradication of Idol-Worship in Arabia 506

Unfair Bias In The Assessment Of This Event 509

Notes 510

Chapter 57: Representatives of Najran in Madina 511

The Representatives Of Najran Have Discussions With The Prophet 512

The Represents Of Najran Give Up The Idea Of Mubahilah 514

Contents Of The Agreement Concluded Between The Parties 515

Notes 516

Chapter 58: The Events of the Tenth Year of Migration 517

Plot To Kill The Prophet 517

The Commander Of The Faithful Is Deputed To Yemen 518

Notes 519

Chapter 59: The Farewell Haj 520

Ali Returns From Yemen To Partake In Haj Ceremonies 521

Haj Ceremonies Begin 522

The Historical Sermon Of The Prophet At The Time Of The Farewell Haj 522

Notes 524

Chapter 60: Islam is completed by The Appointment of Successor 526

Prophethood And Imamate Were Inter-Related 527

Sermon Of The Prophet At Ghadir Khum 528

The Authentic Sources Of The Hadith Ghadir 529

Notes 530

Chapter 61: The Events of the Eleventh Year of Migration 531

The Impostors And Apprehensions Of Rome 531

A Short Biography Of Musaylimah 531

Apprehension Of Rome 532

A Lame Excuse 535

Seeking Forgiveness For Those Burled In Baqi 535

Notes 536

Chapter 62: A Will which was Not Written 537

Bring A Pen And An Ink-Pot So That I May Write A Will 537

What Did The Will Aim At? 540

Making Amends For The Matter 541

Distribution Of Dinars 542

The Prophet Is Annoyed On Account Of The Medicine Given To Him 542

Last Farewell To Friends 542

Notes 543

Chapter 63: The Last Hours of the Prophet 545

The Prophet Speaks To His Daughter 545

Brushing The Teeth 546

Recommendations Of The Prophet 546

The Last Day 547

Notes 549