Alhassanain(p) Network for Heritage and Islamic Thought

Table of Contents

Chapter One: Introduction 13

Chapter Two: Was Mu’awiya seeking Qisas for the death of Uthman? 14

Note 14

Mawla Ali (as) did not deem Uthman to have been killed innocently 14

Who Killed Uthman? 14

The Opinion of Mawla Ali (as) upon Uthman and Mu’awiya 14

Mu’awiya’s refusal to help Uthman during the Seige 15

Mu’awiya and his supporters 18

Mu’awiya exploited people’s ignorance and greed to attain support 19

Mu’awiya falsely claimed that Ali (as) killed Uthman so as to garner the support of the Syrians 20

Abu Sulaiman’s attempts to misinterpret the words of Imam Ali (as) as a means of defending Mu’awiya 21

Imam Ali (as) questions Mu’awiya’s motives 21

The Imam can only implement Qisas 22

Fatwa of Shah Abdul Aziz – one that fights Ali (as) is a kaafir 22

Mu’awiya’s actual motive was power 23

The agreement between Mu’awiya and Amr bin Aas is clear proof that the motive was power not avenging Uthman’s murder 24

Mu’awiya’s testimony further proves his real motive was power not vengeance for the slain Uthman 25

Mu’awiya Thaneeh’s condemnation of his grandfather eludes the fact that he fought Imam ‘Ali (as) for power 26

Abu Sulaiman questions the justice of Imam Ali (as) 26

Mu’awiya did not apply Qisas against Amr bin Aas 27

Misuse of a Shia tradition by the Nawasib to support Uthman 28

Reply One: The authenticity of the tradtion 28

“This tradition is Muzamir and Musquf” 28

Reply Two: The actual ‘Uthman’ mentioned in the tradition and the Nasibi distortion 28

Reply Three: The actual attributes of the followers of Uthman bin Affan recoded in Sunni texts 29

Chapter Three: Mu’awiya’s appointment of Yazeed as his successor 31

Did Mu’awiya want to make Yazeed just a Crown Prince or Khalifa? 31

Mu’awiya made Yazeed his Khalifa during his lifetime 32

Mu’awiya forced people to give bayya to Yazeed 33

Please see our article: Yazeed (L’aeen) 33

Mu’awiya bribed people to give bayya to Yazeed 35

Mu’awiya killed all those who posed a hurdle for him making Yazeed Khalifah 35

Why did Imam Hussain (as) refuse to give bay’a to Yazeed? 35

Mu’awiya’s development of lineal succession 37

Yazeed the ‘protector of afflictions’ 37

Appraisal of ‘pious’ Yazeed by the Nasibi author 38

Ibn Kathir’s comments on Yazeed the drunkard 39

Al Bidayah Wal Nihayah (Urdu), Vol 8 Page 1169, Nafees Academy Karachi 39

Mu’awiya also knew that Yazeed drank alcohol 42

Ibn Hajar Asqalani’s views regarding those that praise Yazeed 42

Imam Ahmad issued Takfeer against drunkard Yazeed 43

Allamah Mahmood Alusi’s takfeer against Yazeed 43

Qadhi Thanaullah Paani Patti’s takfeer against Yazeed 44

Various other Sunni Ulema did takfeer against Yazeed and have deemed it permissible to curse him 44

An appeal to our Sunni brethren 46

Chapter Four: The callous killing of the Sahaba including Hujr bin Adi (ra) and of other innocent Shias 48

Comment 48

Wasn’t Hujr (ra) a Sahabi? 49

Reply 49

Allah (swt)’s displeasure at those who killed Hujr (ra) 50

Was Hujr (ra) a troublemaker? 52

Reply One – Dishonesty committed by the author in order to absolve Muawiyah bin Hind 52

Reply Two – Imam Hasan Basri’s testimones that Hujr was a great man and his maglining Muawiyah for the murder of Hujr (ra) 53

Reply Three- Imam Muhammad bin Sirin testified to Hujr (as) being virtuous 54

Reply Four– Imam Dhahabi, Imam Ibn Habban and Ibn Asakir’s testimonies that Hujr (ra) was an honorable, pious and worshiper 54

Reply Five – The families of Abu Bakr and Umar condemning Mu’awiya for killing Hujr proves that he was not a trouble maker in their eyes 55

Comment 56

Reply Six – The Sahaba deemed the killer of Hujr (ra) to be worthy of being cursed 56

“If it is asked: Why the Sahaba object on him? 56

Reply Seven – Even the hardline Nasibi companion of Muawiyah was on saddened at the murder of Hujr (ra) 57

Reply Eight – The Sunni Ulema’s recognition that Hujr was Shaheed (a martyr) proves that he was not a baghi (rebel) 57

Reply Nine – Prophet’s prediction proves that Hujr bin Adbar (rh) and Malik bin Ashatar (rh) are amongst the Momineen 58

Abu Sulaiman defends the method of killing 59

Mu’awiya killed Malik bin Ashthar (ra) 60

Mu’awiya killed the sahabi Amr bin al-Hamiq 62

Muawiya kept Shia women as prisoners in dungeons 63

Mu’awiya killed the two children of Ubaydullah ibn Abbas 63

Abdurehman bin Hasaan was buried alive by Muawiyah 64

Mu’awiya gave an order to slaughter the Shi’a 65

During Mu’awiya’s brutal reign, Shia Muslim women were made slaves and were sold in the market place 65

The punishment for killing a Momin from the Qur’an 67

Chapter Five: The peace treaty with Imam Hasan (as) 68

Reply One 68

Reply Two – The Prophet (s) saw the Banu Umayya climbing his Pulpit and this saddened him 69

Reply Three – Imam Hasan deemed Mu’awiya an unjust thief 69

Reply Four – Imam Hasan (as) deemed the Khilafath to be his own right 70

A Nasibi excuse and its reply 70

Reply Five – By making peace Imam Hasan (as) was able to show the Ummah that Mu’awiya was a hypocrite 71

Reply Six – The peace treaty in the eyes of the Sunni Ulema 71

Reply Seven – Mu’awiya was not well intentioned when he made peace with Imam Hasan (as) 72

Reply Eight – Imam Hasan (as) made peace on account of pressure 73

Reply Nine – If you see Mu’awiya on my pulpit kill him (hadeeth) 74

Reply Ten – Banu Zarqa cannot be Khalifas 75

Reply Eleven – Imam Hasan (as) made peace to protect Muslim lives, property and honour, and thus provided an example for those people faced with difficult choices 75

Reply Twelve – According to Sunnies it is permissible to make peace with unjust people 77

Reply Thirteen – The Tulqa cannot be khalifas 77

Reply Fourteen – Mu’awiya took the Caliphate by force 78

Reply Fifteen– Imam Hasan (as) said he had the right to kill Mu’awiya 79

Reply Sixteen – Textual evidence from Quran 79

Reply Seventeen – Infallible ones under pressure from common men 80

The bay’a given to Mu’awiya 81

Reply One – The meaning of bayya 81

Reply Two – Nawasib have stupidly assumed that peace means bayya 81

Mu’awiya’s poisoning of Imam Hasan (as) 82

Who was Ja’da bint Asha’ath bin Qays? 86

Now, how did Asha’ath bin Qais repay this favor? 87

Reasons behind the poisoning of Imam Hasan (as) 87

Mu’awiya’s pleasure upon hearing about the death of Imam Hasan (as) 89

Nasibi conjecture about Imam Hasan (as) receiving stipends from Muawiya’s government 93

Reply one 93

Reply Two 94

Reply Three 94

Reply Four 94

Reply Five 94

Nasibi accusation on Aqeel bin Abi Talib 95

Reply One – We have already provided an array of replies about accepting stipends from a tyrant 95

Reply Two – Aqeel always held Ali (as) to be on the right path as compared to his views on Muawiya 95

Reply Three – The Bani Umaya fabricated texts to cast aspersions over Aqeel’s relationship with Ali (as) 96

Reply Four – Aqeel didn’t participate in battles alongside Ali bin Abi Talib (as) due to illness 96

Refuting the Nawasib claim that there existed a reciprocal warmth, respect and affection between Imam Hussain (as) and Muawiya 97

Muawiya’s will for his son Yazeed 98

Muawiya threatened to kill Imam Hussain (as) 100

Concluding this chapter 101

Chapter Six: Mu’awiya the baghi (rebel) 103

Ali (as) was the Imam and rightful caliph of the time 103

Muawiya faught Ali (as), the Imam and rightful caliph of the time 104

It was incumbent to fight alongside Imam Ali (as) 104

Abdullah bin Umar’s regret he didn’t fight the baghi Mu’awiya 105

The early Sahaba fought alongside Imam Ali (as) 106

Abu Sulaiman’s refusal to describe Mu’awiya as a baghi 107

Defining baghi (rebell) 108

The Sunni scholars deemed Muawiyah as a baghi, Khariji and tyrant 108

Mu’awiya’s rebellion was in violation of the Qur’an 111

Mu’awiya’s rebellion was in violation to the Sunnah of Rasulullah (s) 111

Mu’awiya was from amongst Qasateen (those refrained from giving bayya to Imam e Haqq) 112

Mu’awiya was amongst the Fajireen (perpetrators of debauchery) 113

Abu Sulaiman’s plea that both parties were believers 113

To rebel against the Imam is tantamount to Zina in a Mosque 114

If a Baghi dies in war don’t perform his funeral prayers 114

One who rebels is from the Party of Satan 114

One who fights Imam Ali is Zaalim and Faasiq 114

Testimony of the Sahabi Amar Yasir (ra) that Mu’awiya and his cohorts were misguided ones 115

By fighting Maula ‘Ali, Mu’awiya fought against the truth, the Qur’an and Rasulullah (s) 115

Muawiya’s opposition was motivated by his hatred of Imam ‘Ali (as) 116

Answering Abu Sulaiman’s criticism that Imam ‘Ali (as) should have left Mu’awiya alone 117

Answering Abu Sulaiman’s criticism that Imam ‘Ali (as) started the battle, contradicting the Qur’an (astaghfirullah) 117

Imam ‘Ali (as) fought for interpretation of the Qur’an in the same way Rasulullah (s) fought for the revelation of the Qur’an 118

The martyrdom of Ammar bin Yasir was comprehensive proof that Mu’awiya was a baghi 119

Ammar deemed those that fought Imam ‘Ali (as) to be the same munafiqs that tried to assassinate Rasulullah (s) 121

Abu Sulaiman’s defence of ijtihad 122

Reply One 124

Reply Two – A Mujtahid has to be a pious / just man 125

Reply Three – Mu’awiya was not a mujtahid 125

Reply Four – Imam Ali (as)’s verdict that Mu’awiya should be killed as he has no grounds to oppose him 126

Reply Five – Maula Ali’s expose on Mu’awiya’s character destroys the defence of ijtihad 126

Reply Six – Abdullah bin Umro’s regret that he fought alongside Mu’awiya at Sifeen 126

Rasulullah’s condemnation of Mu’awiya and Amr bin Aas refutes the defence of ijtihaad 127

Abu Sulaiman’s verdict that both parties were on truth and cannot be criticised 127

It is narrated on the authority of ‘Abdullah b. Mas’ud that 128

Imam Taymeeya al Nasibi’s Fatwa that killers of Amar lead people to Hell 129

Chapter Seven: Mu’awiya instituted the bid’ah of cursing Imam Ali (as) 131

Mu’awiya asks Sa’d to curse Ali (as) 131

Al-Nawawi offered lame excuses to defend Mu’awiya 132

1st critique – Nawawi’s misguided innovation in Islamic Sharia to defend the Sahaba 133

Incidents of Sahaba Cursing/Abusing each other 133

2nd critique – Al-Nawawi applied this insane logic, so as to defend Mu’awiya (i.e. no textual proofs) 133

1st Hadith that Al-Nawawi & Co. Concealed 134

2nd Hadith that Al-Nawawi & Co. Concealed 135

Al Bidayah wa al Nahayah, Volume 7 page 341, Chapter: The virtues of Ali 135

3rd Hadith that Al-Nawawi & Co. Concealed 135

4th tradition that Al-Nawawi & Co. concealed 136

5th tradition that Al-Nawawi & Co. concealed 136

6th tradition that Al-Nawawi & Co. concealed 137

7th Tradition, that Al-Nawawi & Co. concealed 137

8th Tradition that Al-Nawawi & Co. concealed – Imam Hasan (as) asking Muawiya not to curse Ali (as) from the pulpits 138

Al-Abar fi Khabar min Ghabar, Volume 1, page 18 Chapter: Year 37 the battle of Sifin 138

Comments 142

Sunni scholars rejected Al-Nawawi’s conjecture pertaining to Sahih Muslim’s episode 142

Shaykh Wajihuddin Umar bin Abdulmuhsin 142

Imam Muhammad bin Shahab al-Zuhri 142

Shaykh Musa Shahin Lashin 142

Allamah Muhammad bin Abdulhadi al-Sindi (d. 1138 H) 143

Sharh Sunnan ibn Majah, Kitab al-Muqadma, Chapter: Merits of Ali bin Abi Talib (ra) 143

Muhammad al-Amin al-Hurarri 143

Ibn Tamiyah 143

The Governors of Mu’awiya started cursing Mawla Ali (as) upon the instructions of Mu’awiya 144

Muawiya’s Governor Marwan bin Hakam cursed Imam Ali (as) 144

Mu’awiya’s Governor Mughira bin Shu’ba (la) cursed Imam Ali (as) 146

Sunan Nasai al-Kabeer, Kitab al-Manaqib, Volume 7 Hadith 8148, Merits of Abdurehman bin Auf 148

Mu’awiya’s Governor Busr Bin Artat cursed Maula Ali 148

Muawiya’s Governors Ziyad and Kathir ibn Shahab cursed Imam Ali (as) 149

Mu’awiya would curse Ali after the Friday Sermon and this bid’a became a tradition during the Banu Umayya reign 150

Mu’awiya refused to follow the peoples’ demands that he abolish the practice of cursing Ali (as) 150

Mu’awiya changed the Sunnah of the Prophet (s) to ensure that the people heard the cursing of ‘Ali (as) 151

Faiz al Bari Sharah Sahih Bukhari, Volume 1 page 722 No. 954, Kitab al-Eidayn 152

Testimonies of prominent Sunni scholars that Ali bin Abi Talib (as) used to be cursed from pulpits 153

Learned Scholar Ahmad Zaki Safwat’s comments on the Governors of Mu’awiya 153

Imam of Ahle Sunnah Awzai also reviled Ali (as) as a means of acquiring gifts from the Umayad rulers 153

The admission by al Muhaddith Shah Abdul Aziz Dehlavi that Mu’awiya cursed Ali (as) 154

The admission by leading Deobandi Ulema that Mu’awiya introduced the bid`ah of cursing Ali (as) 154

Learned Sunni Scholar Abu Zahra 156

Taha Hussain 156

Shaykh Hassan Saqqaf 156

Imam of Ahl’ul Sunnah Muhammad Abdul Hai Lucknawi 157

Qadhi Thanaullah Paani Patti al-Uthmani 157

Imam Ibn Hazm Andlasi 157

Jawami al Seerah 157

Imam Muhammad Zahed al-Kawthari 157

Maula Ali (as) was cursed for ninety years 158

Summary of references 158

Conclusions 158

Rasulullah (s) cursed those who commit bidah 158

Allamah Abdul Qadir Gilani’s Fatwa against Ahl’ul bidah 158

Allamah Sa’duddeen Taftazani’s fatwa that Ahl’ul bidah should be cursed 158

Cursing Ali (as) is tantamount to cursing Allah (swt) 159

Fatwa of al Muhaddith Shah Abdul Aziz – those that curse Ali are kaafir 159

Fatwa of Muhaddith Shah Abdul Aziz – whoever disrespects Ahl’ul bayt (as) is a murtad 159

An appeal to justice 159

Chapter Eight: The phantom merits of Mu’awiya 160

Was Mu’awiya the writer of the revelation? 160

Reply One – Prominent Ulema of Ahl’ul Sunnah have not counted Mu’awiya as writer of the revelation 160

Reply Two- Mu’awiya wrote letters not the revelation 161

Reply Three- A writer of the revelation became a kaafir 162

Was Mu’awiya a Hadi? 162

A Hadi is one who guides his followers in accordance with the Qur’an and Sunnah 163

Mu’awiya ‘the Hadi’ declared Ziyad, the bastard son of Abu Sufiyan as his real brother contradicting the Sharia 164

Mu’awiya ‘the Hadi’ made decisions that contradicted the Shar’ia on inheritance 165

Mu’awiya ‘the Hadi’ contradicted the Shar’ia on Blood money 165

Mu’awiya ‘the Hadi’ contradicted the Shar’ia on the distribution of war booty 166

Mu’awiya ‘the Hadi’ drank a prohibited substance 167

Mu’awiya ‘the Hadi’ used to smuggle alcohol 168

Mu’awiya ‘the Hadi’ used to sell idols to polythiests helping them to worship the idols 169

Mu’awiya ‘the Hadi’ undresses and inspects the body of a naked woman 170

Mu’awiya ‘the Hadi’ tells the people to consume haraam items and kill each other 171

Mu’awiya ‘the Hadi’ took interest 172

Mu’awiya ‘the Hadi’ made changes to the Eid Salat 173

Mu’awiya ‘the Hadi’ reduced the number of Takbeers from daily prayers 174

Mu’awiya ‘the Hadi’ reduced Iqamah from daily prayers 175

Mu’awiya ‘the Hadi’ issued a Fatwa deeming it permissible for a man to marry two sisters at any one given time 175

Mu’awiya ‘the Hadi’ abandoned to apply the mandatory punishment for theft in Islam 176

If a right hand parts from its left? 177

Mu’awiya ‘the Hadi’ and his Nasibi adherents abandoned the Sunnah due to their hatred of Ali (as) 177

Sharah Sunan Nasai 178

Mu’awiya ‘the Hadi’ and his fellow Nasibi rulers of Bani Ummayah abandoned to recite ‘Bismillah’ loudly due to their hate towards Ali (as) 178

Comments 178

Mu’awiya ‘the Hadi’ wore prohibited items despite the fact that he was aware that Rasulullah (s) deemed them haraam 179

An appeal to justice 179

Rasulullah (s) criticised those that praise Ahl’ul Bidah 180

Rasulullah (s) made three Dua’s, one that was rejected 180

Rasulullah (s) even prayed for Abu Jahil to be guided 181

Not all of Rasulullah’s prayers were accepted 181

Allah (swt) never guides a wrongdoer 181

The narrator of this ‘Hadi’ hadith is not a reliable authority 182

Not a single hadith in praise of Mu’awiya is Sahih 182

Rasulullah’s advice for Mu’awiya is also a fabrication 185

Reply One – This verse merely states Allah (swt) emboldened the believers on that day 185

Reply Two – The verse only benefits believers in the true sense of the word not those that stood in the ranks of the Muslims but were pagans and hypocrites 185

Chapter Nine: Abu Sulaiman’s plea of clemency for Mu’awiya 187

Chapter Ten: Was Mu’awiya a Momin or Munafiq? 189

The sign of a Munafiq is hatred of ‘Ali (as) 189

Fada’il al-Sahaba, Volume 2 page 549 (Published in Makkah Mukkarmah, Saudi Arabia) 189

It is not permissible to refer to a Munafiq as Sayyidina 190

‘Ali (as)’s testimony – Mu’awiya is my enemy 191

An enemy of Ali (as) is an enemy of Allah (swt) 191

One who fails to accept ‘Ali as his Maula is not a Momin 191

Chapter Eleven: The ‘true’ merits of Mu’awiya bin Hind 193

The meaning of Mu’awiya 193

Love and hatred of Ali is the difference between one being legitimate and illegitimate 193

Ayesha’s testimony about methods of Nikah during the time of Jahiliyya 193

Mu’awiya bin Hind was the product of a combined Nikah 194

Ayesha’s testimony that Hinda committed Zina 195

The ‘virtues’ possessed by one born illegitimately 195

One born illegitimately can not be a Khalifa 195

One who fights the rightful Imam is a Fasiq 196

One who turns his back on the right path is a Zaalim and Fasiq 196

Mu’awiya’s Conquests 196

Mu’awiya’s declaration that Ziyad was the son of ‘Abu Sufyan is proof that he was a fasiq 196

It is a religious duty to expose the deeds of a fasiq 198

A Zaalim Ruler 198

Praising a fasiq leads to incurring the wrath of Allah (swt) 198

Muawiya was wicked and is cursed 199

Mu’awiya was a Nasibi 199

Fatwa of Imam of Ahl’ul Sunnah, Shah Abdul Aziz that Nawasib are equal to dogs and pigs 200

Appraisals of Mu’awiya 200

Appraisal of Mu’awiya by Rasulullah (s) 200

First appraisal – Rasulullah (s) cursed Mu’awiya’s stomach 200

Nasibi excuses for the Prophet’s curse on Muawiya’s stomach 200

Reply One 201

Reply Two 202

Reply Three 202

Reply Four 202

Reply Five 203

Reply Six 204

Second appraisal – Rasulullah (s) cursed Mu’awiya, his brother father and Amr bin Aas 204

Third appraisal – Rasulullah (s) cursed Mu’awiya and Amr bin Aas 204

Fourth appraisal – Rasulullah (s) cursed Mu’awiya, his father Abu Sufyan and his son Yazeed 205

Ffith appraisal – Mu’awiya shall die a kaafir 205

Sixth appraisal – Mu’awiya shall be raised with a different Ummah on the day of Judgment 206

Seventh appraisal – Mu’awiya shall be in the deepest part of Hell Fire 206

Eighth appraisal – Mu’awiya and Amr bin al-Aas can never gather for a good cause 206

Ninth appraisal – Mu’awiya is Kafir 207

Tenth appraisal – Mu’awiya shall be killed if tried to sit on Prophet’s pulpit 207

Umar’s appraisal of Mu’awiya 208

First appraisal 208

Second appraisal 208

Maula Ali (as) appraisal of Mu’awiya 208

First appraisal 208

Second appraisal 208

Third appraisal 209

Fourth Appraisal 209

Fifth Appraisal 209

Ayesha’s appraisal of Mu’awiya 209

First appraisal – Mu’awiya’s Government compared by Ayesha to Firawn (Pharoah) and other Kaafirs (Pagans) 209

Second Appraisal – Ayesha cursed Mu’awiya and Amr bin Aas 210

Saad ibn Waqqas’s appraisal of Mu’awiya 210

Mu’awiya the second’s appraisal of his grandfather Mu’awiya 210

Qays bin Sa’d bin Ibada’s appraisal of Mu’awiya 211

These words suffice to destroy the Nasibi appraisals of Mu’awiya. Or should we question by the truthfulness of the Sahaba? 211

Abu Hurrayra’s appraisal of Mu’awiya 211

Muhammad bin Abi Bakar’s appraisal of Mu’awiya 211

Samra bin Jandab’s appraisal of Mu’awiya 211

Miswan, appraisal of her husband Mu’awiya 211

Mamun Abbasi’s appraisal of Mu’awiya 212

The people of Madina’s appraisal of Mu’awiya 212

Ibn Katheer’s appraisal of Mu’awiya 212

Imam Shafiyee’s appraisal of Mu’awiya that his testimony is unacceptable 212

Imam of Ahle Sunnah al-Atiqi al-Baghdadi’s appraisal of Mu’awiya 212

Imam of Ahle Sunnah Ali bin Ja’ad’s appraisal of Mu’awiya 213

Mu’awiya – According to the Imams of Ahlulbayt (as) 213

A German scholar’s recognition of the contribution made by Mu’awiya 214