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Woman’s Value and Role

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Woman’s Value and Role Author:
Publisher: Al-Maaref Islamic Cultural Association
Category: Woman

Woman’s Value and Role

This book is corrected and edited by Al-Hassanain (p) Institue for Islamic Heritage and Thought

Author: Al-Maaref Islamic Cultural Association
Publisher: Al-Maaref Islamic Cultural Association
Category:

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Woman


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Woman’s Value and Role

Woman’s Value and Role

Author:
Publisher: Al-Maaref Islamic Cultural Association

Book library ›

Family and Community ›

Woman


English

This book is corrected and edited by Al-Hassanain (p) Institue for Islamic Heritage and Thought


For Reading



Fatima ibnat Asad


Fatima ibnat Asad is the wife of the Sheikh of Al-Bat’hah ]the level land], Abou Taleb. She is the mother of The Prince of the Believers Imam Ali ibn Abi Taleb(God’s peace bestowed upon him)

and Taleb and Akeel and Jaafar. And she is the one who brought up God’s prophet Mohammad ibn Abdullah(God’s prayers and peace bestowed upon him and his Household)

after his grandfather Abdul Mouttaleb had died, putting him ahead of her four children in her tenderness, motherhood, and noble sympathetic affection.


How graceful the talk of The Noblest Prophet(God’s prayers and peace bestowed upon him and his Household)

is when he describes her in his saying, “She was, among all God’s creatures, the kindest one to me. She was my mother next to my mother who gave birth to me. Abou Taleb used to do his work, and the table used to be prepared for him, and he used to gather us to his food. This woman used to keep a part of the food, so that I would eat from it.”


What also indicates this is what the historiographers and the biographers related as regards what he(God’s prayers and peace bestowed upon him and his Household)

did when she died. The chronicles relate that he(God’s prayers and peace bestowed upon him and his Household)

“shrouded her with his noble shirt. He lay in her tomb. And then he exclaimed seventy times, ‘God is Great’ when he prayed on her: an act he did with none but with her.” After that, God’s prophet(God’s prayers and peace bestowed upon him and his Household)

said, “The angels filled the horizon. A door of Heaven was opened for her. The beds of Heaven were prepared for her. And an aroma from Heaven was sent to her: She is in an ease and spirituality and a Heaven of blessing; and her tomb is a yard from Heaven.”


One of the companions of The Concluding Prophet was astonished of that, so he asked him about the reason. God’s prophet(God’s prayers and peace bestowed upon him and his Household)

answered, “Nobody, after Abi Taleb, was kinder to me than she was.”


The history recorded several points for this model woman, among which are the following:


Ibn Abbas related that the following noble verse descended in reference to her: (O Prophet! When believing women come to you to give you the pledge, that they will not associate anything in worship with Allah, that they will not steal, that they will not commit illegal sexual intercourse, that they will not kill their children, that they will not utter slander, intentionally forging falsehood ]i. e. by making illegal children belonging to their husbands], and that they will not disobey you in any good deed, then accept their 
pledge, and ask Allah to forgive them, Verily, Allah is Oft Forgiving, Most Merciful)[22].


She is the mother of The Prince of the Believers Imam Ali Al-Mourtada(God’s peace bestowed upon him)

. She gave birth to him inside Noble Kaaba, which is an excellence God granted to nobody but her: God, in an act of honoring her, split for her the wall of Al-Kaaba, thus giving her the permission to give birth to her blessed baby there.

	

	
	



	

		

Lesson Two: Woman’s Rights


When we talked about the woman’s value in Islam, we mentioned that the human type is the one which is designed to carry the divine authority and the one who can cover the levels of perfection. This applies to both the man and the woman.


This does not mean that there is no difference between the man and the woman; they, however, differ in the physiological and psychological capabilities. Yet, this difference is not linked to the aspect of deficiency or perfection; it is, however, a matter of equivalence and adequateness. The law of creation aims from this difference at the establishment of a higher adequateness between the man and the woman who are meant for a common life. The bachelorhood life is but a deviation from the law of creation. This concept will be more clarified later on when the forms of difference are going to be analyzed.



The Forms of Difference


Looking for the difference between the man and the woman is not a recent issue. In fact, it goes back in history to more than 2400 years. Plato insisted on the presence of a qualitative difference between the man and the woman. Also, his student Aristotle assured the presence of difference in his saying, “The quality of the woman’s capabilities differs from that of the man. Moreover, the duties and responsibilities which are imposed by the law of creation on each of them differ. And the various rights which the law of creation demands for each one of them differ.” The scholars and the philosophers who succeeded Aristotle gave his theories preference to those of Plato.[23]


As regards our present age with its scientific progress, the difference between the man and the woman has turned to be specific and clear as a result of the reliance on observation, experience, statistics, and field study.


Here we mention the differences which we have collected from what the researchers have said.



From the Physiological Aspect


1- The
man
in
general
is
characterized
by
a
huge
body
whereas
the
woman
is
not
so.


2- The
man
is
coarser
while
the
woman
is
softer. The
man’
s
voice
is
huger
and
coarser
while
that
of
the
woman
is
kinder
and
softer.


3- The
woman
grows
up
faster
than
the
man
does, but
the
muscular
growth
of
the
man
is
more
than
that
of
the
growth
of
the
woman’
s
muscles
and
body.


4- The
woman
reaches
the
sexual
maturity
faster
than
the
man
does. In
addition, the
woman
turns
to
be
unable
to
bring
children(
i. e. barren)
faster than
the
man
does.


5- The
child
girl
starts
to
talk
faster
than
the
child
boy
starts
to.


7- The
man’
s
lung
has
a
greater
capacity
for
air
than
the
woman’
s
lung
has.


8- The
beats
of
the
woman’
s
heart
are
faster
than
those
of
the
man’
s
heart.



From the Psychological Aspect


1- The
man
inclines
to
the
sports
and
hunting
and
motive
actions
than
the
woman
does.


2- The
man’
s
feelings
are
opposing
and
military
whereas
the
woman’
s
feelings
are
peaceful. The
woman
keeps
from
using
violence
towards
the
others
and
towards
her
own
self; as
a
result, the
percentage
of
the
women’
s
suicide
declines. Men’
s
suicide
is
much
uglier
since
they
commit
suicide
by
means
of
shooting
themselves
or
jumping
from
a
very
high
place. On
the
other
hand, the
women
commit
suicide
by
means
of
taking
in
sleeping
pills
or
narcotic
materials.


3- The
woman
is
more
passive
than
the
man
is
i. e. she
gets
under


the
influence
of
her
feelings
more
than
the
man
does.


4- The
woman, on
the
contrary
of
the
man, is
greatly
interested
in
beauty, adornment, and
the
different
fashion
styles.


5
-The
woman
is
more
cautious, fearful, and
eloquent
than
the
man
is.


6- The
woman’
s
emotions
are
motherly, and
this
appears
since
childhood. Moreover, the
woman
is
more
related
to
the
family, and
she
unconsciously
notices
the
importance
of
the
milieu
of
the
family
before
the
man
does.


7
- In
general, the
woman
does
not
reach
the
level
which
the
man
reaches
with
respect
to
the
evidential
sciences
and
the
dry
mental
issues. Yet, she
is
equal
to
him
with
respect
to
the
fields
of
literature, art, and
all
the
issues
which
are
related
to
taste
and
affection.


8- The
man
is
more
capable
of
keeping
a
secret
and
of
keeping
the
disturbing
news
for
himself. As
a
result, he
is
more
fast
afflicted
with
the
illness
resulted
from
keeping
the
secrets.



From the Aspect of the Exchanged Emotions


The man aims at accompanying the woman and at putting her at his command whereas the woman aims at winning the man’s heart and at dominating him through his heart. He, therefore, wants to control her from above while she wants to penetrate into his heart. The woman looks for courage and manliness in the man; on the other hand, the man looks for beauty and affection in the woman.



How To Examine the Rights?


There are two points that must be taken in consideration when we examine the woman’s rights. They are:



1-Adequateness Not Equality


On the basis of the already mentioned differences between the man and the woman, it is noticed that what adequates to the woman may not adequate to the man, and vice versa. From here, it is not required that we apply the situation of the woman on that of the man or the situation of the man on that of the woman. What is required is to specify each one of them with what adequates to him/


her physiological and psychological characteristics. Adequateness, therefore, and not equality between the man and the woman is what is required.



2-The Comprehensive View of the Rules


The fragmental view may be a major cause for not comprehending the Islamic legislation, for Islam is characterized by the comprehensive legislation. If we want to consider a certain issue, we must consider it within the frame of the whole system of the doctrine and not alone regardless of everything else related to it. Therefore, when we examine these rights about which the questions are raised, we must consider them with respect to the issues related to them.


On the basis of these two points, we move to shed light on some terms that are brought up concerning the woman’s rights.



Polygamy


It is doubtless that polygamy is permitted in Islam. The Most High God says, (And if you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with the orphan­ girls, then marry women of your choice, two or three, or four but if you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly ]with them], then only one or ]the captives and the slaves] that your right hands possess. That is nearer to prevent you from doing injustice)[24].


In addition to this, there is a long chronicle about the Muslims who performed polygamy without The Prophet(God’s prayers and peace bestowed upon him and his Household)

or the Imams(God’s peace bestowed upon them)

objecting to that. Even more, The Prophet(God’s prayers and peace bestowed upon him and his Household)

and the Imams(God’s peace bestowed upon them)

used, in certain conditions, to suffice with one wife but used, in other conditions, to get married to more than one woman. Therefore, doubting Islam’s opinion about polygamy is just an unreasonable contention that has no evidence to support it.


The question set forth in this issue is not related to Islam’s opinion as we have just mentioned; it is related to the wisdom of the permissibility of polygamy. Why did Islam enact such an issue?


It is necessary that polygamy remain permissible in order to effectuate justice among the women on one hand and in order to solve the social problems that may become serious on another hand. This is so because there is a problem that has two faces:


1- The
percentage
of
women
is
more
than
that
of
men. This
is
so
because
death
attacks
men
much
more
than
it
attacks
women, especially
in
youthhood
as
a
result
of
wars
which
men
usually
confront
and
as
a
result
of
going
out
for
work, in
addition
to
the
other
risks
to
which
the
man
is
exposed
more
than
the
woman
is.


2- Every
woman
has
the
right
to
establish
a
family
on
a
religious
and
legal
basis. The
woman
has
the
right
to
build
her
own
family. Had
the
men’
s
number
been
equal
to
the
women’
s
number, we
would
have
been
able
to
say
that
this
right
of
the
woman
is
reserved
even
without
polygamy. Yet
we
know, by
means
of
the
scientific
statistics, that
the
just
opposite
is
true. The
number
of
the
women
is
much
more
than
that
of
men, so
preventing
polygamy
will
necessarily
mean
closing
the
door
before
many
women
and
depriving
them
of
their
right
to
establish
their
families. Therefore, calling
for
the
prevention
of
polygamy
is
a
sort
of
individual
selfishness
that
the
married
woman
falls
in
on
the
account
of
the
other
women
who
will
not
be
able
to
get
married.


The doctrine, on the basis of its balanced look that aims at achieving justice at least on the level of providing all the women with the opportunity to get married, leaves this door open.



The Man’s Superintendence over the Woman


The Most High God says in His Glorious Book, (Men are the protectors and maintainers of women, because Allah has made one of them to excel the other, and because they spend from their means…)[25]In order to illustrate this term, we must take into consideration that the family is a small social unit which, as is the case with the large society, needs a leader and a person who is in charge of its affairs.


The man’s superintendence over the woman is based on two supports:


1-…)
because
Allah
has
made
one
of
them
to
excel
the
other…)
This
preference
is
not
one
of
spiritual
value
but
one
of
practical
merit
by
which
the
man
is
distinguished
and
which
makes
him
eligible
for
superintendence. This
is
related
to
the
traits
by
which
the
man
is
characterized
and
those
by
which
the
woman
is
characterized. The
woman, on
the
contrary
of
the
man, is
usually
passive
due
to
the
agitated
affection
she
has.


2-…)
and
because
they
spend
from
their
means…)
The
expense
on
the
house
is
the
duty
of
the
man
and
not
that
of
the
woman. It
is
natural
that
the
one
who
carries
the
responsibility
of
expense
on
any
enterprise
is
more
entitled
to
superintend
it.



Inheritance


The Most High God says in His Noble Book, (There is a share for men and a share for women from what is left by parents and those nearest related, whether, the property be small or large - a legal share).[26]Islam legislated the inheritance for the woman as it did for the man and determined a portion for each one of them. But there is a distinguishing feature concerning the inheritance of the children i. e. they do not inherit equal portions, for the male receives double what the female receives. The Most High God says, (Allah commands you as regards your children’s ]inheritance]; to the male, a portion equal to that of two females…)[27]


Why is there such a difference between them as regards the inheritance?



The cause of this difference is manifested through the consideration of two points:


1- The
man
is
responsible
for
spending
on
the
family
and
providing
for
its
materialistic
needs; on
the
other
hand, the
woman
is
not
responsible
for
that. Even
more, it
is
the
responsibility
of
the
man, whether
being
a
father
or
a
husband, to
provide
for
the
woman’
s
personal
needs. Moreover, The
Most
High
God


2
- The
man
is
the
one
who
pays
the
dowry
to
the
woman
in
the
marriage
contract. This, in
turn, supports
the
presence
of
privileges
in
the
distribution
of
finances, so
that
there
will
be
harmony
between
the
incomes
and
the
expenses.


A great percentage of what the man inherits will go back to the woman as a daughter or a wife whom he has to spend on. On the other hand, the money which the woman inherits remains completely for her with nobody having the right to share it with her.


Therefore, when we consider the inheritance as one of the financial incomes, we must consider it with respect to the system of incomes and expenses in the Islamic law, so that a kind of equivalence between them will be procured.



Summary


There are differences between the man and the woman with respect to the physiological and psychological capabilities. Yet this difference is not linked to the aspect of deficiency or perfection; it is, however, a matter of equivalence and adequateness. The law of creation aims from this difference at the establishment of a higher adequateness between the man and the woman who are meant for a common life.


Looking for the difference between the man and the woman is not a recent issue; in fact, it goes back in history to more than 2400 years.


The fragmental view may be a major cause for not comprehending the Islamic legislation, for Islam is characterized by the comprehensive legislation. We must consider the issue of the man and the woman within the frame of the whole doctrine and not alone regardless of everything else related to it.


Preferring the man to the woman in the Saying of The Most High God (… because Allah has made one of them to excel the other…)[28]is not one of spiritual value but of practical merit by which the man is distinguished and which makes him eligible for superintendence. This is related to the traits by which the man is characterized and to those by which the woman is characterized.


There is a distinguishing feature concerning the inheritance of the children i. e. they do not inherit equal portions, for the male receives double what the female receives. This difference has many causes, among which is the following: the man is responsible for spending on the family and for providing for its materialistic needs whereas the woman is not responsible for this. A great percentage of what the man inherits will go back to the woman as a daughter or a wife whom he has to spend on. On the other hand, the money which the woman inherits remains completely for her with nobody having the right to share it with her.



Comprehension Questions



1- Mention
some
physiological
differences
between
the
man
and
the
woman.


2- Mention
some
psychological
differences
between
the
man
and
the
woman.


3- What
is
the
wisdom
implied
in
the
permissibility
of
polygamy?


4- Why
does
the
male
inherit
double
what
the
female
inherits?


5- What
is
meant
by
the
following
noble
verse: (…
because
Allah
has
made
one
of
them
to
excel
the
other…
)?



For Reading



Om Kolthoum


Sayyda Om Kolthoum is the daughter of Imam Ali ibn Abi Taleb(God’s peace bestowed upon him)

and Sayyda Fatima Al-Zahraa(God’s peace bestowed upon her)

. She is a woman who struggled for God’s sake by means of words and deeds. She is next to Sayyda Zeinab(God’s peace bestowed upon her)

in age and honor, and she is her partner in carrying the burden which Sayyda Zeinab(God’s peace bestowed upon her)

carried after the martyrdom of Imam Al-Houssein(God’s peace bestowed upon him)

in Karbalaa.


Sayyda Om Kolthoum entered Al-Koufa during the regime of her father The Prince of the Believers(God’s peace bestowed upon him)

after he had declared it as a capital for his state. She lived in his modest house and learnt on him the loftiest morals.


Yet when she entered Al-Koufa for the second time, she entered it as a captive with the captives of Karbalaa. She entered it with the heads of her brother Imam Al-Houssein(God’s peace bestowed upon him)

and the martyrs raised over the spears and with the people watching them. She was greatly affected with what she saw, with the people’s pity on them, and with the people’s offering of bread and date for the children. She used to take away the alms from the children’s mouths and hands while saying, “O, People of Al-Koufa, giving alms to us is ]religiously] forbidden.”


Then, she addressed them with a speech from which we mention the following:“O, People of Al-Koufa! Shame on you. What is the matter with you? You disappointed Al-Houssein and killed him. You robbed his money and inherited him. And you took his women as captives and distressed him. Woe to you and away with you! Do you know what an evil you did? . .”


Her speeches, along the path of captivity, uncovered the evil policies which were conspiring against Islam and its prominent characters. Moreover, she spread among the people a poetry in which she aroused the emotions, so that the nation would wake up from its slumber to face the oppression of the Omawwyeet. From that poetry is the following:


We are the lost with no guardian


And we are lamenting on our brother


We are riding on mounts


Carried on the camels of the detesters


We are the daughters of Ya’seen* and Ta’ha*

[29]



And we are weeping on our father


Oh our grandfather! They killed Houssein


And did not consider God in us


Oh our grandfather! Our enemies attained


Their wishes and avenged themselves from us.


This is Om Kolthoum, the woman who teaches the women how to struggle for God’s sake by means of the word and the attitude.

	

	
	



	

		

Lesson Three: Woman’s Learning



Importance of Learning


We might not come across such a consecration of learning and such a call for it among all the religions and sects and creeds as they are spot in Islam. Even more, the first verse addressed to The Greatest Prophet(God’s prayers and peace bestowed upon him and his Household)

when the revelation came down on him was:(Read! In the Name of your Lord, Who has created * Has created man from a clot * Read! And your Lord is the Most Generous * Who has taught by the pen * Has taught man that which he knew not)

.[30]


The Most High God joined the reading with the mentioning of Him in order to indicate the relationship between learning and the belief in The Most Glorious and Reverent God.


Then, He made learning one of the standards of preference among the people; The Most High God says,(…Say: «Are those who know equal to those who know not? »…)

[31] 
Then, He praised 
the learners and raised them to special ranks:(Allah will exalt in degree those of you who believe, and those who have been granted knowledge)

[32]to the extent that losing them turned to be a gap which can be closed by nothing.


It is ascribed to The Prince of the Believers Imam Ali Al-Mourtada(God’s peace bestowed upon him)

that he said, “The learning believer is more rewarded than the one fasting and praying and fighting for God’s sake is. When he ]the learning believer] dies, a gap opens in Islam which is to be closed by nothing till the Day of Resurrection”[33].


Why did The Most High God attach such an importance to learning? And why did He endow the learner with all this spiritual essence, ranks, and honor?



Its Necessity for the Human Being


This interest in learning did not originate from nothing. This interest has specific significations to which the narratives referred. Learning is intricately associated to the true divine religion that came down from The Most High God. The Noblest Prophet (God’s prayers and peace 
bestowed upon him and his Household) referred to this association in his saying, “Learning is the life of Islam and the prop of religion”

[34].




The Most High God is The Truth. As the human being acquires more knowledge and insight, he/ she draws nearer to The Truth. The Most High God says, (And those who have been given knowledge see that what is revealed to you from your Lord is the truth, and guides to the Path of the Exalted in Might, Owner of all praise)[35]. Also, The Most High God says, (And that those who have been given knowledge may know that it 
is the truth from your Lord, and that they may believe therein, and their hearts may submit to it with humility. And verily, Allah is the Guide of those who believe, to the Straight Path)[36].


Learning is not restricted to a certain topic rather than another topic or to a certain level of knowledge rather than another level; it is, therefore, good wherever it takes place. It is related in the narrative ascribed to The Prince of the Believers(God’s peace bestowed upon him)

that he said, “Learning is the source of every good; on the other hand, ignorance is the source of every evil.”[37]


Here, we are going to reflect upon some roles of learning.



1- Acquisition of Knowledge


Knowledge is demanded for itself; thus it needs nothing else to justify it, especially as regards the basic lores which are related to the creation and the hereafter. Henceforth, The Noble Qur’an teaches us never to get quenched from knowledge but to ask always for more. The Most High God says, (And say: «My Lord! Increase me in knowledge)[38].



2- Prerequisite for the Work


Any deed, whether insignificant or great, needs scientific premises which as the human being gets more acquainted with them and works being guided by them, his/ her work becomes more masterfully and subtle. It is related in the narrative ascribed to The Noblest Prophet(God’s prayers and peace bestowed upon him and his Household)

that he said, “…God likes that when a human being performs a work to master it.”[39]



3- Rationality for the Society


If ignorance were the characteristic of the societies, it is doubtless that the rule would be for none but for the law of the jungle. The ignorant person, in his nature, is not deterred by reason but is deterred when he senses a power greater than his.


We refer here to the narrative ascribed to The Prince of the Believers(God’s peace bestowed upon him)

in which he said, “The ignorant is not deterred even by the sharpness of the swords.”

[40]




4- A Solution for All the Problems


Wherever ignorance penetrates, corruption accompanies it. As a result, we may find out a lot of the social problems originating from ignorance and lack of learning. It is ascribed to The Prince of the Believers(God’s peace bestowed upon him)

that he said, “Ignorance is the corruption of every matter.”[41]



Learning Is Not Exclusive to the Man


Is it possible, after having realized the association of learning to religion and knowing The Most High God and to the masterfulness of deeds and the guidance of the society and after having realized that ignorance is the origin of corruption, to make learning exclusive to the man and to deprive the woman of it?


If learning were exclusive to the man, this would mean that religion, knowing God, masterfulness of deeds, and guidance would be exclusive to the man, which is an idea stated by no one. In this course, we refer to the narrative ascribed to The Noblest Prophet(God’s prayers and peace bestowed upon him and his Household)

in which he said, “Asking for learning is a duty imposed on every male and female Muslim. God likes them who ask for learning.”[42]


Learning, therefore, is not exclusive to the man because its excuses are not exclusive to him. Woman’s learning is not only not prevented, but also it is required and preferable.


It is ascribed to The Prophet (God’s prayers and peace bestowed upon him and his Household)

that he said, “He who has a daughter whom he educates and masters her education, teaches and masters her teaching, and gives generously from the bounties God bestowed upon him will have her as a protection from fire.”[43]



The Circumstances of Learning


The circumstances of the schools, institutes, universities, and all the areas of learning must be healthy and helpful in accomplishing the aims of learning. Learning must continue in elevating the human being and in emphasizing the human values. In other words, it must be the prop of religion and must call ]the human being] to know The Creator and to be committed to the lofty human morals. This can be accomplished by means of two issues:


1-
The
woman
must
not
be
inattentive
to
the
aim
of
learning
which
is
the
complementarity
of
the
human
being
as
an
individual
and
as
a
society, for
inattention
is
the
cause
of
forfeiture.


2
-
The
woman
must
stick
to
chastity, abide
to
the
religious
rules, and
follow
after
the
path
which
noble
Islam
delineated
for
us
in
the
character
of
Sayyda
Fatima
Al-
Zahraa(


God

’

s


peace


bestowed


upon


her

)

who
is
the
model
of
the
learnt
women
and
who“
The
Scholar”
was
one
of
her
titles. Every
scholar
or
learning
woman, therefore, should
have
Sayyda
Fatima
Al-
Zahraa(


God

’

s


peace


bestowed


upon


her

)

always
before
her
eyes, in
order
that
she
will
follow
after
her
in
any
movement
she
performs
or
any
stillness
she
is
in.



Priorities of Learning


What are the priorities of learning with respect to the woman? There are a lot of basic and indispensable issues, among which we are going to reflect upon the following:



1- The Basic Lores, Such as: the Creeds, Jurisprudence, and Morals


It is related in a narrative ascribed to The Prophet(God’s prayers and peace bestowed upon him and his Household)

that he said, “Learning is of three types: a fixed verse, a just duty, or a followed convention. Anything else is considered to be an excess.”[44]


These lores are highly indispensable for each woman whatever position she is in because she is ordered to, before anything else, reform herself on the learning, religious, heart, moral, conduct, and jurisprudential levels which the woman can not do without whatever position she is in.



2- Methods of the Family Behavior


The first role which the woman faces is her role inside her family as a daughter, sister, wife, or mother. All of these roles are of a special importance and a crucial influence on the family, especially the role of the mother who sends out to the society righteous sons: scholars, fighters for God’s sake, martyrs, and pious sons.


From here, the woman must learn the means of education and must get acquainted with the characteristics and variables of the children with respect to their age and nature. This will help her a lot in her mission as a mother, and so is the case with the wife in her life with her husband.


A lot of problems and gaps result from ignorance, so it is natural that getting acquainted with these roles and their means and their methods improves the woman’s performance and activates her role.



3- The Services which Help in establishing the True Islamic Environments


Since the woman represents half the society, at the least evaluation, she needs social and psychological and medical services… If the society does not have women specialized in this field and thus able to satisfy the woman’s needs, the women would be obliged to consult the men, which is an improper issue if it is not necessary. As a result, the women should specialize in the fields which the women are in need of.



4- The Needs of the Society


The society, in general, has special needs which differ from one place to another with respect to the conditions and the requirements. It is required and preferable to consider these needs seriously and to turn towards specialization in order to satisfy them.


We might not come across such a consecration of learning and such a call for it among the religions and sects and creeds as they are spot in Islam. Learning is intricately associated to the true divine religion that came down from The Most High God.


From the roles of learning are:


1- Acquiaition of knowledge


2- Premise for the work


3- Rationality of the society


4- A solution for all the problems


If the duty of learning were exclusive to the man, this would mean that religion, knowing God, masterfulness of deeds, and guidance would be exclusive to the man, which is a matter that no one says!!


The circumstances of the schools, institutes, universities, and all the areas of learning must be healthy and helpful in accomplishing the aims of learning. Learning must continue in elevating the human being and in emphasizing the human values. This can be accomplished by means of two issues:


1
- The
woman
must
not
be
inattentive
to
the
aim
of
learning


2
-
The
woman
must
stick
to
chastity, abide
to
the
religious
rules, and
follow
after
the
path
which
Islam
delineated


There
are
several
basic
issues
which
the
woman
should
know:



1-
The
basic
lores, such
as: the
creeds, jurisprudence, and
morals


2
- The
methods
of
the
family
behavior


3
- The
services
which
help
in
establishing
the
true
Islamic
environments


4
- The
needs
of
the
society



Comprehension Questions


1
- What
is
the
influential
role
which
Islam
aims
at
accomplishing
by
means
of
learning?


2- What
is
the
attitude
of
Islam
as
regards
the
woman’
s
learning?


3
- What
are
the
issues
which
help
in
the
accomplishment
of
the
aims
of
learning?


4- What
are
the
most
important
issues
which
the
woman
must
learn?


5- What
is
meant
by
that
the
woman
must
learn
the
special
needs
of
the
society?