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The Brother of the Prophet Muhammad: Imam ‘Ali
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The Brother of the Prophet Muhammad: Imam ‘Ali
This book is corrected and edited by Al-Hassanain (p) Institue for Islamic Heritage and Thought
Author:
Mohamad Jawad Chirri
Publisher:
www.alhassanain.org/english
Category:
Book library
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Holy Prophet And Ahlul Bayt
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Imam Ali
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Acknowledgments
About The Author
Introduction
Part 1: The Imam During The Era Of The Prophethood
1. The House of the Prophet Muhammad
Is the Honor Due to the relationship?
It Is Due to Their Merits Not Their Inheritance
The Record Attests to their merit
Why were they so meritorious?
Precedents in History
Why Did God Give Those Prophets Such Distinguished Children and Relatives?
The Prophet's Reward
Notes
2. Members of the House of Muhammad
Descriptive Hadiths
The Specific Hadiths
Members Born After the Prophet Muhammad
Notes
3. The Indispensable People
The Hashimites
The Ousites and the Khazrajites
Abu Talib
Islam of Abu Talib
We All Are Indebted to Him
Imam ‘Ali
Unique Bravery Supported With Unique Sincerity
His Birth and Childhood
Notes
4. The First Muslims
How Valuable Was His Islam?
Notes
5. Brother and Minister
The Holy Qur'an informs us that when Moses received the Command of God: "Go to Pharaoh certainly he has exceeded the limit
Conflicting Hadiths
The Offered Reward
Why Such a Big Reward for a Ministry?
The Prophet Wanted to Have No Excuses
The Outcome of the Conference of the House of The Prophet
The conference to which the Messenger called the children of Abdul-Muttalib produced a unique pact; history
Notes
6. The Redeemer
The Magnitude of The Mission
Significance of the Delivery of the Trusts
A Miraculous Prophecy
Value Undiminished
Notes
7. ’Ali's Role in Building the Islamic State
Thesis Versus Antithesis
Quality Versus Quantity
The Unique Hero
Note
8. At Badr
Notes
9. At Uhud
The Elements of the Islamic Defense
‘Ali and the Banner Bearers
Defeat After Victory
Who Remained with the Prophet?
The Prophet Participated
‘Ali's Endeavor
The Conclusion
Notes
10. The Moat
Non-Pagan Tribes
The Muslims in Horror
Amr's Venture
Men of Strong Faith
‘Ali's Response
The magnltude of ‘Ali's contribution
Notes
11. At Kheibar
The Prophet Besieged Kheibar
Indispensable Man
‘Ali Is the Solution
The Unique Leadership
As ‘Ali entered the fortress he brought the defensive capability of the people of the fortress to an end. They could not win a second battle of confrontation after they
Conclusion
Two Miracles
The natural ministry
A Divine Choice
Had the mission of the Messenger been in no need of
‘Ali's endeavor and sacrifice the Messenger would not have chosen a brother or an executor or a caliph other than
Notes
12. Announced Brotherhood
The Significance Of The Brotherhood
The Son-In-Law Of The Prophet
The Divinely Commended Family
A Unique Testimony
Notes
13.’Ali's Place from the Prophet in the Qur'an
Why was all included?
Notes
14. The Mawla of the Muslims
Notes
15. Unfulfilled Will of the Prophet
The Prophet Was Prevented From Writing A Will
This Unusual Event Raises Many Questions
What did the Prophet Want to Write?
The Prophet Wanted to Name a Successor
Again who were the powerful leaders of Quraish at the time of the death of the Prophet? Abu Sufyan and the rest of the Pre-Islamic leaders were already conquered and lost their influence. The influential leaders at that time were
How could he defy the Prophet?
Disagreed With the Prophet On Osamah
Why did the Prophet not insist on Writing his Directive?
How could the directive of the messenger be a security to the nation against straying?
Security Against Sectarianism
Security Against School Division
Notes
Part 2: The Imam During The Era Of The Three Caliphs
16. Abu Bakr Succeeds
‘Umar Denied the Prophet's Death
Abu Bakr's Speech
Preoccupied With Holy Funeral
Political Conference
‘Umar Spoke of the Conference
Legal And Historical Questions
Ayeshah Reported the Opposite
Obvious Prejudice
The Story of Maghafeer
‘Umar's Last Statement
Did the messenger of god desire to appoint abu bakr as his successor?
Was the Election Of Abu Bakr Legal?
The Prophet's Appointee
Quraish And The Caliphate
Was the Prophet Predicting?
Is the Qureshite Rule Hereditary?
Are the Qureshites Superior?
Were the Men Chosen Only for their Righteousness?
Qureshites and Election Are Irreconcilable
Notes
17.’Ali Views the Succession
He Did not Want to Reach His Goal by Force
He Reversed His Position for the Sake of Unity
He could have continued his opposition to Abu Bakr as long as Abu Bakr lived. Saad Ibn Abadah continued his op position until Abu Bakr died. However the movement of desertion of the faith by the Arab tribes was to him a decisive factor that made him reverse his attitude. His op position to Abu Bakr was not motivated by a personal ambition. It was rather motivated by his desire to set the
Notes
18. Abu Bakr Names a Successor
Note
19. ‘Umar Succeeds
‘Umar and ‘Ali's Knowledge
Dialogues About The Caliphate
The Dimensions Of ‘Umar's Policy
Pre-Arranged The Future Of The Muslims
Undesirable Consequences
Subversive Elements In The Caliph's Regime
Ibn Al-Aws
The Umayyads In
The Hashimites Out
The Umayyad's Reign Was Not Inevitable
What the Prophetic Word Meant
Notes
20. The Electoral Convention
Six Nominees
Procedural Instructions
Abdul-Rahman Selected Uthman
Observations
Is the Hadith Accurate?
Could a Non-Qureshite be a Caliph?
The Medinite Companions Out
‘Ali immediately noted this when he heard the passing Caliph giving his instruction to the six members on the method of selecting the caliph. When he left ‘Umar's house
Abdullah Ibn ‘Umar
Does Islam Forbid Opposition?
Unheeded Warning
The Unwarranted Stipulation
A Justification by Hadith
‘Ali's Unique Dedication
True Prophecies
Motives And Consequences
A New Class
The Lost Opportunity
Notes
21. Uthman’s Reign
Non-Combatant
A Bridging Personality
Early Opposition
Implementation Of The Umayyad's Plan
Muawiya and Syria
Ibn Abu Sarh In Egypt
The Third Caliph And His Two Predecessors
‘Umar and Abu Hurairah
The Growth Of Opposition
Amr Ibn Al-Aws
Opposition From Non-Qureshite Companions
Abu Dharr
Abdullah Ibn Masud
Ammar Ibn Yasir
Opposition Outside Medina
Now People Remembered ‘Ali
The Caliph Is Besieged
And So the Medinites
Notes
Part 3: Imam ‘Ali In His Own Era
22. The Election of the Imam ‘Ali
A Drafted Caliph
A Gloomy Expectation
Unachievable Goals
Quraish's Hostility
The Privileged Companions
The Promoted Companions
The Umayyads
Tribalism
The Absence of the Military Draft System
Blood and Tears
An Early Opposition
Sudden Reversal
Campaigning for War at the Sacred Mosque
A Preparation for War Under Way
The Two Companions Joined
The Umayyads Were Still to Be Reckoned with
Rassrah the Chosen Target
United Only Against the Imam
Were Talhah and al-Zubayr forced to elect the imam?
The Imam Did Not Force Any Companion to Elect Him
The Imam Could Not Force His First Elector
The Imam Refuted the Allegation
The Guilty Accused the Innocent
Notes
23. The Battle of Basra
A Sweeping Condemnation
A Warning Prophecy Not Heeded
Dividing Killing and Truce
The Contents of the Truce Agreement
Forcing Two Persons Does Not Nullify the Election
Illegal Agreement
The Imam's Journey
Unprecedented Test
Abu Musa Al-Ashari
Abu Musa Misinterpreted His Own Report
Abu Musa Disagreed with the Qur'an
Which Faith-testing Crisis?
Abu Musa Appointed Himself a Counselor to the Nation and the Imam
Abu Musa Persisted in His Error
Abu Musa Did Not Distinguish Between Hadith and Qur'an
The Key to the Solution
The Imam's Effort for Peace
Al-Zubayr Lost Determination
The Imam in Dialogue with His Opponents
Reminiscence of a Prophecy
The Imam Offered the Arbitration of the Qur'an
The Beginning of The Battle
The Imam Knew His Killer's Description
Talhah's Death
The Killer of Talhah
Al-Zubayr Left the Battlefield
Al-Zubayr Freed a Slave in Order to Fight the Imam's Camp
Under the Leadership of Ayeshah
The Unique Courage
Ta-if's Honey
The Imam's Thrust Changed the Battle
Ammar the Ninety- Year-Old
Hamstringing the Camel
The Imam Spoke
The Responsibility of The Three Leaders
The Umayyads Were Less Blamable than the Three Leaders
Talhah's Responsibility
Al-Zubayr's Responsibility
Ayeshah's Responsibility
Dialogue of Om Selemah and Ayeshah
The Lady of Al-Hau-ab
The Patcher of the Sole
Conclusion
Should We Accept Their Hadiths?
Criticism is Much Smaller Sin Than Fighting
The Three Leaders Open the Door of Wars Among Muslims
Notes
24. The Alleged Conspiracy
Contradicted by Better Reports
Muhammad Ibn Abu Bakr
Al-Ashtar
Uday Ibn Hatam
Ammar Ibn Yasir
The Three Leaders
Did Abdullah ibn Saba exist?
Who Was the First to Speak of the Prophet's Return?
Was Ibn Saba in Medina?
To Discredit Abu Dharr and Ammar Is To Discredit The Prophet
The Source Of The Legend
Notes
25. The Battle of Siffin
The Opportunist Amr
Idealist Versus Opportunist
New Efforts for Peace
Martyrdom of Ammar Ibn Yasir
The Big Conspiracy
The Two Arbiters
Notes
26. Al-Khawarij (The Seceders)
Violent Extremism
Prophecies
Notes
27. Martyrdom
The Fulfilled Promise
Unequalled Loss
The End of the Righteous Caliphate
Notes
28. The Imam's Policy Concerning Public Funds
With Talhah and Al-Zubayr
With Chiefs of the Arab Tribes
Does Islam Allow Preference?
The Three Leaders
Ayeshah's Grudge
The Two Companions' Motives
With Chiefs of the Tribes
Was it politically sound?
Notes
29. Was the War of Siffin Inevitable?
Mughirah And Ibn Abbas
Naive Opinion
Muawiya's Long Preparation
Muawiya Refused to Protect Uthman
Forecast Rule
Was Umayyad's rule inevitable?
Notes
30. Did the Imam Exercise His Rule as a Preacher?
A Winner of Three Wars Is Not Unfirm
Why Did He Not Force Some Companions to Elect Him?
Why Did the Imam Not Prevent Talhah and Al-Zubayr from Leaving Medina?
Why Did He Not Continue the War in Siffin?
Why Did He Not Punish Ashaath?
Why did the imam bind himself with a document which was forced upon him?
Why Did the Imam Prolong the Period of Arbitration?
Notes
31. Why did the reign of the Imam not last long?
Ali did not have the two elements
The Jealousy of Quraish
Quraish Retains its Influence and Grudges
Unwritten Will
The Alternation of the Caliphate
The Attitude of the Two Caliphs Towards ‘Ali
The Growth Of The Qureshite Influence And The Obscurity Of The Imam
The Obscurity of the Imam
The Umayyads Infiltrated the Regime
The Continuity of Muawiya and His Governorship
The Electoral Convention Put The Caliphate In The Hands Of The Umayyads
The Iron Curtain
Tribalism
New Competitors
The Last Opportunity
The Caliphate Was Imposed Upon Him
Qureshite Hostile or Deserter?
The Qureshite Aggressors
The Righteous Ambitious Qureshites
Conclusions
Remarkable Achievements
Muawiya's Inefficiency
Responsibility of the Non-Iraqi Muslims
Why Did the Caliphate Not Live Long?
Observation
Notes
Part 4: The Caliphate in The Islamic Law
32. Should the First Caliphate Have Been Established by Inheritance Popular Election or by the Prophet's Selection?
1. Election by the people, or
2. Selection by God
Islam Has No Room for Hereditary Rule
Government by the Prophet's Appointment
Elective Government
Elective Government Is to Abide by the Qur'an
The nature of the islamic principles Is consonant with selection More than with election
Popular Principles
Reformatory Principles
Islamic Principles Are Reformatory
Two Days Out of a whole Year
The Dangers Which Were About To Face The Nation
The Prophet Predicted Companions'Failure in Test
The Need for an Authority in Interpretation of the Qur'an and Communication of the Prophet's Instructions
Interpretation of the Qur'an
Categories of Hadiths
Hadith by Numerous Reporters
Hadith Reported by Few
Notes
33. Had What Ought to Be Done Been Done?
‘Ali Is The Gate Of The City Of Knowledge
Notes
34. The Home Conference
Note
35. The Hadith of the Analogy "You Are to Me Like Aaron to Moses"
Unlimited Deputization
Notes
36. The Hadith of Performance and Delivery
No one shall deliver for me except i or a man from my house
Summary of the Previous Four Chapters
The Hadith Is a Prophecy
Notes
37. Hadith Al-Thaqalain (The Two Valuables)
Prophetic Hadith
The Shi’ites Do Not Relieve In The Inheritance Of The Caliphate
The Sunnis Are Closer Than The Shi’ites To The Opinion Of Leadership By Inheritance
Political And Jurisprudential Leadership
Notes
38. The Hadith of the Wilayah
The Meaning Of Hadith Al-Ghadir
"wali"and "Mawla"
1. The one who has more right
The Verse Of Proclamation
The Contents of the Message
Political and Religious Leadership
Notes
The Conclusion
Unity Does Not Require Conformity
Let Us Find Our Way
Abu Bakr and the rest of the companions were neither Hanafi nor Maliki nor Shafi-i or Hanbali
Agreeable Points
The Shi’ite Companions Of The Prophet
Legitimacy and Negative Aspects Of Elective Caliphate
A caliph that was appointed by the Prophet would not have these two negative aspects. The nation has to accept his leadership and no one would be permitted to oppose
The House of The Prophet Is To Be Followed
Unjustifiable Bias
My Humble Effort
Notes
Glossary
Bibliography
The Brother of the Prophet Muhammad: Imam ‘Ali
Author:
Mohamad Jawad Chirri
Publisher:
www.alhassanain.org/english
Book library
›
Holy Prophet And Ahlul Bayt
›
Imam Ali
English
2024-03-28 17:43:38
This book is corrected and edited by Al-Hassanain (p) Institue for Islamic Heritage and Thought