5%

References

1. Ahmad ibn Abi Ya‘qub ibn Wadhih, Tarikh al-Ya‘qubi, 1st edition (Qum: Manshurat ash-Sharif ar-Radi, 1414 AH), vol. 2, p. 319.

2. Sayyid Muhsin Amin, A‘yan ash-Shi‘ah (Beirut: Dar at-Ta‘aruf Li’l-Matbu‘at, n.d.), vol. 1, p. 19.

3. ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn Abu’l-Faraj al-Isfahani, Maqatil at-Talibiyyin (Qum: Manshurat ash-Sharif ar-Radi, 1416 AH), p. 207.

4. Ibn Wadhih, Tarikh al-Ya‘qubi, vol. 2, p. 326.

5. ‘Ali ibn Husayn ibn ‘Ali Mas‘udi, Murawwij adh-Dhahab (Beirut: Manshurat Mu’assasah al-A‘lami Li’l-Matbu‘at, 1411 AH), vol. 3, p. 236.

6. Abu’l-Faraj al-Isfahani, Maqatil at-Talibiyyin, p. 133.

7. Abu ‘Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Ahmad Muqaddasi, Ahsan at-Taqasim fi Ma‘rifah al-Aqalim, trans. Dr. ‘Ali Naqi Manzawi (n.p.: Shirkat-e Mu’allifan va Mutarjiman-e Iran, 1361 AHS), vol. 2, pp. 426-427.

8. Ibn Wadhih, Tarikh al-Ya‘qubi, vol. 2, p. 345.

9. Abu’l-Faraj al-Isfahani, Maqatil at-Talibiyyin, vol. 2, p. 345.

10. Ibn Wadhih, Tarikh al-Ya‘qubi, vol. 2, p. 332.

11. Ibid., p. 333.

12. Asad Haydar, Al-Imam as-Sadiq wa’l-Madhahib al-Arba‘ah, 2nd edition (Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Arabiyyah, 1390 AH), vol. 1, pp. 452-453.

13. ‘Allamah Muhammad Baqir Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 2nd edition (Tehran: Al-Maktabah al-Islamiyyah, 1394 AH), vol. 46, p. 355.

14. Ibid.

15. Abi Ja‘far Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn ‘Ali (Shaykh) at-Tusi, Ikhtiyar Ma‘rifah ar-Rijal (Rijal Kashi) (Qum: Mu’assasah Al al-Bayt at-Turath, 1404 AH), vol. 1, p. 345.

16. Ibid., p. 386.

17. Ibid., p. 398.

18. Sabt ibn al-Jawzi, Tadhkirah al-Khawas (Qum: Manshurat ash-Sharif ar-Radhi, 1376 AHS/1418 AH), p. 311.

19. Muhammad Husayn Muzaffar, Tarikh ash-Shi‘ah. Qum: Manshurat Maktabah Basirati, n.d.

20. Abi Ja‘far Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub ibn Ishaq Kulayni, Usul al-Kafi (Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah, 1363 AHS), vol. 1, p. 472.

21. Shaykh Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn an-Nu‘man al-Mufid, Al-Irshad, trans. Muhammad Baqir Sa‘idi Khurasani, 2nd edition (Tehran: Kitabfurushi-ye Islamiyyeh, 1376 AHS), p. 525.

22. Amir ‘Ali, Tarikh-e Gharb va Islam {History of the West and Islam}, trans. Fakhr Da‘i Gilani, 3rd edition. Tehran: Intisharat-e Ganjineh, 1366 AHS), p. 213.

23. Asad Haydar, Al-Imam as-Sadiq wa’l-Madhahib al-Arba‘ah, 3rd edition (Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Arabiyyah, 1403 AH).

24. Abu’l-Qasim Ja‘far ibn al-Hasan ibn Yahya ibn Sa‘id Muhaqqiq al-Hilli, Al-Mu‘tabar (Lithography), pp. 4-5.

25. Muhammad ibn Makki Shahid al-Awwal, Dhikra (Lithography), p. 6.

26. Ahmad Ibn Hajar Haythami al-Makki, As-Sawa‘iq al-Mahriqah fi’r-Radd ‘ala Ahl al-Bid‘a waz-Zindiqah, 2nd edition (Cairo: Maktabah al-Qahirah, 1385 AH), p. 201.

27. Shahab ad-Din ibn ‘Ali Ibn Hajar al-‘Asqalani, Tahdhib at-Tahdhib, 1st edition (Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1404 AH), vol. 1, p. 88.

28. Asad Haydar, Al-Imam as-Sadiq wa’l-Madhahib al-Arba‘ah, vol. 1, p. 53.

29. Ibid., vol. 1, p. 55.

30. Shams ad-Din Muhammad ibn Ahmad adh-Dhahabi, Mizan al-I‘tidal (Beirut: Dar al-Ma‘rifah, n.d.), vol. 1, p. 4.

31. Shaykh at-Tusi, Ikhtiyar Ma‘rifah ar-Rijal (Rijal Kashi), vol. 2, p. 581.

32. Ibid., vol. 1, p. 347.