The Role of Holy Imams (a.s.) in the Revival of Religion Volume 3

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The Role of Holy Imams (a.s.) in the Revival of Religion Author:
Translator: Jalil Dorrani
Publisher: Naba Organization
Category: General Books

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The Role of Holy Imams (a.s.) in the Revival of Religion

The Role of Holy Imams (a.s.) in the Revival of Religion Volume 3

Author:
Publisher: Naba Organization
English

This book is corrected and edited by Al-Hassanain (p) Institue for Islamic Heritage and Thought


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Status of Ahlul Bayt In Divine Words

إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً

“Allah only desires to keep away the impurities from you, O people of the House! And to purify you a (thorough) purifying “ (Qur'an, 33:33)

قل لَّا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْراً إِلَّا الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبَى

“ Say: I do not ask of you any reward for it but love for my near relatives “(Qur'an, 42:23)

In the Prophet’s Sunnah

إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَمَلَائِكَتَهُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا صَلُّوا عَلَيْهِ وَسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيماً

“Surely Allah and His angels bless the Prophet; O you who believe! Call for divine blessings for him and salute him with a (becoming) salutation” (Qur'an, 33:56)

In Tafsir al-Qurtabi as well as in other exegesis of the Holy Quran, this verse has been explained. Also in Sahih Muslim and other books on hadith it has been narrated from Abu Masoud Ansari that:

“The Prophet (S) approached us while we were in the company of Sa.’dibn- Ebadeh. Basheer-ibn-Sa.’d addressed the Prophet; `Allah has commanded us to send greetings upon you. Tell us, how one should send greetings upon you. The Prophet fell silent for such long time that we wished such a question had not been asked at all. After a while, the Prophet (S) replied: Say:

اللهم صل على محمد وآل محمد كما صليت على ابراهيم و آل ابراهيم. و بارك على محمد وآل محمد كما باركت على ابراهيم و آل ابراهيم في العالمين. إنك حميد مجيد

In salutation too, you may recite what you have just learnt. “1

Tirmidhi in his Sunan writes: “Traditions in this regard have also been narrated from other companions like Ali, Abu Hamid, Ka.’b-ibn-Ajareh, Talha-ibn- Ubaidullah, Abu Saeed, Zaid-ibn-Harith and Bareedah. “ Tirmidhi says: `this hadith is acceptable and correct..’

Moreover, Ibn Hajar Haithami has recorded in Sawa.’eq al-Muharreqa and Samhoudi Shafa.’ee has related in Jawaher al-Aqdain that the Prophet (S) said: “Do not send imperfect salutations upon me. “ The people inquired: ‘O the Messenger of Allah! What is an imperfect salutation?

The Prophet (S) said: “That you say:

اللهم صل على محمد

(O Allah send salutations on Muhammad) and conclude. Desist from such a recitation, rather say:

اللهم صل على محمد وآل محمد

(O Allah sends salutations on Muhammad and his progeny)

Thus, reciting the words (progeny of Muhammad) after sending greetings and salutations on the Messenger of Allah (S) is one Sunnah, neglected and forsaken by a section of the Muslims.

Note

1. Refer to the following sources: Sahih-Bukhari: 3/159 & 160 and 4/72; Sahih-Muslim, Book of Salat, hadith 65, 66 & 69, page 305-306; Sunan-Abu Davoud; Book of Salat; 1/257-258; Sunan-Nesaei, Beirut print, 3/45 and 3/47-49; Sunan-Ibn Maajah, 1/292-294, hadith 903-906; Sunan-Tirmidhi, 1/179-180 & Kitab al-Tafsir, Tafsir Sura al-Ahzab, Ayah 56, 12/95; Sunan-Darami; 1/309-310; Muwatta-Malik, 1/179-180 and Musnad-Ahmad 1/162, 3/47, 4/118, 119, 241, 243, 244 & 424; 5/274.

Notes

[1] (a.s ) is an acronym for ‘`alayhi (`alyhum , `alyhima , or `layha ) al-salam .’ It is used throughout this book after mentioning the names of holy people to denote ‘May Almighty Allah bless him, her or them.’

[2] “The HolySunnah ” refers to the Prophet Muhammad’s words, deeds, and confirmations.

[3] The acronym (s) stands for ‘salla allahu `alayhi wa alihi .’ It is used throughout this book next to the name of the Holy Prophet Muhammad and it translates as ‘May Almighty Allahbless him and his Household.’

[4] This is an indication of the Holy Prophet’s famous saying, “Muslims are just like a single body; when one of its organs feels pain,the other organs share it with sleeplessness and fever.” (Riyaz al-salihin , pp. 167)

He - peace be upon him and his Household - is also reported to have said, “Verily the Muslims are one hand against their enemies.” (Bihar al-Anwar, 28:104)

[5]Tafsir al-tabari .

[6]Musnad Ahmad, 1:215.

[7]sahih al-Bukhari ,Kitab al-Adab , pp. 27.

[8] Refer toSayyid Hasan al-sadr :Ta’sis al-Shi`ah li-`Ulum al-Islam (TheShi`ah : the Founders of Islamic Sciences).

[9] Whenever they pray to Almighty Allah for sending blessings upon the Holy Prophet Muhammad (s), theImamite Shi`ah abide by attaching his Household to him, because according to some of the most reliable Sunnite reference books of traditions, and many other books, the Prophet himself ordered the Muslims to do so.

[10] Refer to the following books:Shaykh al-Mufid :Kitab al-Irshad , al-tabrisi :I`lam al-Wara bi-A`lam al-Huda, al-Majlisi : Bihar al-Anwar (a 110-volume encyclopedic book),Sayyid Muhsin al-Khatami : al-Rasul al-Mustafa (a currently published encyclopedia).

[11]sahabah are the companions of the Holy Prophet (s) and, terminologically, all those who saw, heard, or witnessed the Holy Prophet (s) regardless of their age. However, various opinions have been expressed in this regard. For more information, see AhmadHusayn Ya`qub : The Conception of thesahabah’s Ultimate Decency; translated byBadr Shahin ,Ansariyan Publications - Qum, 1999.

[12] Refer to the following books: al-Zanjani :Tarikh al-Qur’an, MuhammadHadi Ma`rifat : al-Tamhid fi `Ulum al-Qur'an.

[13] TheQur'anic verses revealed on this occasion were as follows:

“O Messenger! Make known that which has been revealed to you from your Lord, for if you do it not, you will not have conveyed His message. Allah will protectyour from mankind. Lo! Allah guides not the disbelieving folk. (5/67)”

“This day have I perfected your religion for you and completedMy favor to you, and have chosen for you as religion al-Islam. (5/3)”

“A questioner questioned concerning the doom about to fall upon the disbelievers, which none can repel. (70/1-2)

[14] Refer to `Allamah al-Amini : al-Ghadir , as quoted from several reference books of history and exegesis of the Holy Qur'an.

[15] In this respect,Shi`ite authors have written many books of various sizes and styles.

[16] Because they acknowledge twelve Imams, theJa` fariyyah Shi`ah are also called theTwelver Shi`ah .

[17] Refer to al-Ha'iri al-Bahrani :Khulafa ’ al-Nabi (The Vicegerents of the Holy Prophet).

[18] Refer to the various reference books of Prophetic traditions, exegesis of the Holy Qur'an and virtues that are dependent upon al-sihah al-Sittah (the six most reliable reference books ofHadith that the Sunnites consider most reliable) as well as other independent books of both Sunnite andShi`ite authors.

[19] For more details, refer toAsad Haydar : al-Imam al-sadiq wa’l-Madhahib al-Arba`ah .

[20] Refer to al-Washnawiy :Risalat Hadith al-Thaqalayn , which was certified by the al-Azhar University about three decades ago.

[21] Refer to al-Mas`udiy :Ithbat al-Wasiyyah , as well as the reference books of traditions,tafsir and history written by bothShi`ite and Sunnite scholars.

[22] It has been cited in the reference books ofhadith (sihah ), as well as many other books of Sunnite andShi`ite authors, that the Holy Prophet said,

“At the end of the Age, a man from my offspring, who has my name and my epithet, shall appear to fill the earth with justice and fairness as it will be filled with injustice and prejudice.”

[23] In theShi`ite jurisprudence,ijtihad means making all possible efforts to deduct religious laws from their sources.

[24] This fact has been narrated insahih Muslim as well as other reference books of traditions.

[25] This issue is mentioned in al-Qawshaji al-Ash`ari’s book ‘Sharh Tajrid al-I`tiqad ’. It is also mentioned in other books, such as ‘al-Musannaf ’ by al-Kindi , ‘Kanz al-`Ummal ’ by al-Muttaqi al-Hindi, and others.

[26] Refer to reference books ofhadith and the history of Islam.

[27] For more details, refer to the following reference books:sahih al-Bukhari ,Kanz al-`Ummal by al-Muttaqi al-Hindi, al-Musannaf by `Abd al-Razzaq al-san`ani , and al-Sujud `ala al-Arz byKashif al-Ghita '.

[28] Refer to al-Yawaqit wa’l-Jawahir by al-Sha`rani al-Ansari (An Egyptian writer in the 10th century A.H.).

[29] Refer to al-Musannaf by al-san`ani .

[30] Refer tosahih al-Bukhari ,sahih Muslim, andSunan al-Bayhaqi . For more details about theMalikiyyah’s view concerning this issue, refer toBidayat al-Mujtahid byIbn Rushd al-Qurtubi or to other books on theMalikiyyah jurisprudential school.

[31] The verse of Ablution reads as follows:

“O you who believe: When you rise up to prayer, wash your faces and your hands with the elbows, and wipe your heads and your feet to the ankles; and if you are under an obligation to perform a total ablution, then wash yourselves and if you are sick or on a journey, or one of you come from the privy, or you have touched the women, and you cannot find water, betake yourselves to pure earth and wipe your faces and your hands therewith. Allah does not desire to put on you any difficulty, but He wishes to purify you and that He may complete His favor on you, so that you may be grateful. (5/6)”

[32] Refer to reference books ofhadith as well as al-Fakhr al-Razi’s book ofTafsir al-Kashshaf ; Exegesis of the Verse of Ablution (5:6).

[33] For more details, refer to the traditions on temporary marriage in the reliable reference books ofhadith of the various Muslim sects.

[34] This supplication comprises one thousand of Almighty Allah’s attributes, ordered so nicely and properly.

[35] All these supplications, as well as many others, have been compiled in an encyclopedic book entitled ‘Mawsu`at al-Ad`iyah al-Jami`ah (Encyclopedia of Comprehensive Supplications),’ which has been lately published. They are also available in the books of supplications well known and currently held by theShi`ah .

[36] This event is mentioned in the books of history of Islam and biography of the Holy Prophet (s).

[37] Refer to al-Sabki al-Shafi`i :Shifa ’ al-Asqam , pp. 107, andSunan Ibn Majah , 1:117.

[38] It is necessary to allude to the fact that theImamite Shi`ites are alsoahl al-Sunnah , because they accept the words, deeds, acts, and confirmations confirmed by the HolySunnah , including the Holy Prophet’s frequent commandments concerning the abidance by his Household. TheShi`ah thus abide by the HolySunnah precisely and practically. This can be noticed in their doctrines, jurisprudential precepts, and books of traditions. Recently, an encyclopedic book of more than ten volumes, comprising the traditions of the Holy Prophet (s) in theShi`ite reference books, has been published. This book is entitled ‘Sunan al-Nabiy ’.

[39] For more details, refer to the argumentative proofs on the obligation ofkhums presented by books ofShi`ite jurisprudence.

www.alhassanain.org/english

Notes

[1] (a.s ) is an acronym for ‘`alayhi (`alyhum , `alyhima , or `layha ) al-salam .’ It is used throughout this book after mentioning the names of holy people to denote ‘May Almighty Allah bless him, her or them.’

[2] “The HolySunnah ” refers to the Prophet Muhammad’s words, deeds, and confirmations.

[3] The acronym (s) stands for ‘salla allahu `alayhi wa alihi .’ It is used throughout this book next to the name of the Holy Prophet Muhammad and it translates as ‘May Almighty Allahbless him and his Household.’

[4] This is an indication of the Holy Prophet’s famous saying, “Muslims are just like a single body; when one of its organs feels pain,the other organs share it with sleeplessness and fever.” (Riyaz al-salihin , pp. 167)

He - peace be upon him and his Household - is also reported to have said, “Verily the Muslims are one hand against their enemies.” (Bihar al-Anwar, 28:104)

[5]Tafsir al-tabari .

[6]Musnad Ahmad, 1:215.

[7]sahih al-Bukhari ,Kitab al-Adab , pp. 27.

[8] Refer toSayyid Hasan al-sadr :Ta’sis al-Shi`ah li-`Ulum al-Islam (TheShi`ah : the Founders of Islamic Sciences).

[9] Whenever they pray to Almighty Allah for sending blessings upon the Holy Prophet Muhammad (s), theImamite Shi`ah abide by attaching his Household to him, because according to some of the most reliable Sunnite reference books of traditions, and many other books, the Prophet himself ordered the Muslims to do so.

[10] Refer to the following books:Shaykh al-Mufid :Kitab al-Irshad , al-tabrisi :I`lam al-Wara bi-A`lam al-Huda, al-Majlisi : Bihar al-Anwar (a 110-volume encyclopedic book),Sayyid Muhsin al-Khatami : al-Rasul al-Mustafa (a currently published encyclopedia).

[11]sahabah are the companions of the Holy Prophet (s) and, terminologically, all those who saw, heard, or witnessed the Holy Prophet (s) regardless of their age. However, various opinions have been expressed in this regard. For more information, see AhmadHusayn Ya`qub : The Conception of thesahabah’s Ultimate Decency; translated byBadr Shahin ,Ansariyan Publications - Qum, 1999.

[12] Refer to the following books: al-Zanjani :Tarikh al-Qur’an, MuhammadHadi Ma`rifat : al-Tamhid fi `Ulum al-Qur'an.

[13] TheQur'anic verses revealed on this occasion were as follows:

“O Messenger! Make known that which has been revealed to you from your Lord, for if you do it not, you will not have conveyed His message. Allah will protectyour from mankind. Lo! Allah guides not the disbelieving folk. (5/67)”

“This day have I perfected your religion for you and completedMy favor to you, and have chosen for you as religion al-Islam. (5/3)”

“A questioner questioned concerning the doom about to fall upon the disbelievers, which none can repel. (70/1-2)

[14] Refer to `Allamah al-Amini : al-Ghadir , as quoted from several reference books of history and exegesis of the Holy Qur'an.

[15] In this respect,Shi`ite authors have written many books of various sizes and styles.

[16] Because they acknowledge twelve Imams, theJa` fariyyah Shi`ah are also called theTwelver Shi`ah .

[17] Refer to al-Ha'iri al-Bahrani :Khulafa ’ al-Nabi (The Vicegerents of the Holy Prophet).

[18] Refer to the various reference books of Prophetic traditions, exegesis of the Holy Qur'an and virtues that are dependent upon al-sihah al-Sittah (the six most reliable reference books ofHadith that the Sunnites consider most reliable) as well as other independent books of both Sunnite andShi`ite authors.

[19] For more details, refer toAsad Haydar : al-Imam al-sadiq wa’l-Madhahib al-Arba`ah .

[20] Refer to al-Washnawiy :Risalat Hadith al-Thaqalayn , which was certified by the al-Azhar University about three decades ago.

[21] Refer to al-Mas`udiy :Ithbat al-Wasiyyah , as well as the reference books of traditions,tafsir and history written by bothShi`ite and Sunnite scholars.

[22] It has been cited in the reference books ofhadith (sihah ), as well as many other books of Sunnite andShi`ite authors, that the Holy Prophet said,

“At the end of the Age, a man from my offspring, who has my name and my epithet, shall appear to fill the earth with justice and fairness as it will be filled with injustice and prejudice.”

[23] In theShi`ite jurisprudence,ijtihad means making all possible efforts to deduct religious laws from their sources.

[24] This fact has been narrated insahih Muslim as well as other reference books of traditions.

[25] This issue is mentioned in al-Qawshaji al-Ash`ari’s book ‘Sharh Tajrid al-I`tiqad ’. It is also mentioned in other books, such as ‘al-Musannaf ’ by al-Kindi , ‘Kanz al-`Ummal ’ by al-Muttaqi al-Hindi, and others.

[26] Refer to reference books ofhadith and the history of Islam.

[27] For more details, refer to the following reference books:sahih al-Bukhari ,Kanz al-`Ummal by al-Muttaqi al-Hindi, al-Musannaf by `Abd al-Razzaq al-san`ani , and al-Sujud `ala al-Arz byKashif al-Ghita '.

[28] Refer to al-Yawaqit wa’l-Jawahir by al-Sha`rani al-Ansari (An Egyptian writer in the 10th century A.H.).

[29] Refer to al-Musannaf by al-san`ani .

[30] Refer tosahih al-Bukhari ,sahih Muslim, andSunan al-Bayhaqi . For more details about theMalikiyyah’s view concerning this issue, refer toBidayat al-Mujtahid byIbn Rushd al-Qurtubi or to other books on theMalikiyyah jurisprudential school.

[31] The verse of Ablution reads as follows:

“O you who believe: When you rise up to prayer, wash your faces and your hands with the elbows, and wipe your heads and your feet to the ankles; and if you are under an obligation to perform a total ablution, then wash yourselves and if you are sick or on a journey, or one of you come from the privy, or you have touched the women, and you cannot find water, betake yourselves to pure earth and wipe your faces and your hands therewith. Allah does not desire to put on you any difficulty, but He wishes to purify you and that He may complete His favor on you, so that you may be grateful. (5/6)”

[32] Refer to reference books ofhadith as well as al-Fakhr al-Razi’s book ofTafsir al-Kashshaf ; Exegesis of the Verse of Ablution (5:6).

[33] For more details, refer to the traditions on temporary marriage in the reliable reference books ofhadith of the various Muslim sects.

[34] This supplication comprises one thousand of Almighty Allah’s attributes, ordered so nicely and properly.

[35] All these supplications, as well as many others, have been compiled in an encyclopedic book entitled ‘Mawsu`at al-Ad`iyah al-Jami`ah (Encyclopedia of Comprehensive Supplications),’ which has been lately published. They are also available in the books of supplications well known and currently held by theShi`ah .

[36] This event is mentioned in the books of history of Islam and biography of the Holy Prophet (s).

[37] Refer to al-Sabki al-Shafi`i :Shifa ’ al-Asqam , pp. 107, andSunan Ibn Majah , 1:117.

[38] It is necessary to allude to the fact that theImamite Shi`ites are alsoahl al-Sunnah , because they accept the words, deeds, acts, and confirmations confirmed by the HolySunnah , including the Holy Prophet’s frequent commandments concerning the abidance by his Household. TheShi`ah thus abide by the HolySunnah precisely and practically. This can be noticed in their doctrines, jurisprudential precepts, and books of traditions. Recently, an encyclopedic book of more than ten volumes, comprising the traditions of the Holy Prophet (s) in theShi`ite reference books, has been published. This book is entitled ‘Sunan al-Nabiy ’.

[39] For more details, refer to the argumentative proofs on the obligation ofkhums presented by books ofShi`ite jurisprudence.

www.alhassanain.org/english


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