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23 - الإمامة الخاصّة (الإمام جعفر بن محمّد الصادق )

23 IMAM JAFAR B. MUHAMMAD AL-SADIQ (AS)

145 - النَّصُّ عَلى‏ إمامَتِهِ‏

145 Proofs of his Imama

455. ب حار الأنوار عن همّام بن نافع ، قال : قال أبو جعفر عليه السلام لأصحابه يوماً : إذا افتَقَدتُمُوني فَاقتَدُوا بِهذا ، فَهُوَ الإمامُ وَالخَلِيفَةُ بَعدي ، وَأشارَ إلى‏ أبي عَبد اللَّهِ عليه السلام1

455. Bihar al-Anwar, 'Hammam b. Nafi narrated: 'One day Imam al-Baqir (AS) said to his companions: 'When you lose me, follow this man. He is the leader and my successor.' He (AS) then pointed to Abi Abdillah [al-Sadiq] (AS).'2

456. م حمّدَ بنِ مسلمٍ : كنتُ عندَ أبي جعفرٍ محمّدِ بنِ عليٍّ الباقرِ عليهما السلام إذْ دخَلَ جعفرٌ ابنُهُ ، وعلى‏ رأسِهِ ذُؤابةٌ ، وفي يَدهِ عَصاً يَلْعبُ بِها ، فأخَذَهُ الباقرُ عليه السلام وضمَّهُ إليهِ ضَمّاً ، ثُمّ قالَ : بأبي أنتَ واُمّي ، لا تَلْهو ولا تَلْعبُ ثُمّ قالَ لي : يا محمّد ، هذا إمامُكَ بَعدي ، فاقْتَدِ بهِ ، واقْتبِسْ مِن عِلمِهِ ، واللَّهِ إنّهُ لَهُوَ الصّادقُ الّذي وَصَفهُ لنا رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله إنّ شِيعتَهُ مَنصورونَ في‏الدُّنيا والآخِرَةِ3

456. Muhammad b. Muslim narrated, 'I was in the presence of Abu Jafar Muhammad b. Ali al-Baqir when his son Jafar entered. He had a forelock on his head and had a stick in his hand which he was playing with. Al-Baqir (AS) took him in his arms and hugged him tightly, then said, 'May my parents be your ransom, you are neither distracted, nor do you play.' He then addressed me and said, 'O Muhammad! This is your Imam after me, so follow him and benefit from his knowledge. By Allah, verily he is the truthful one [al-Sadiq] whom the Prophet (SAWA) described to us. Certainly his followers will be victorious in this world and in the Hereafter.'4

Notes

1. بحار الأنوار : 47 / 15 / 12 .

2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 47 , p. 15 , no. 12

3. بحار الأنوار : 47 / 15 / 12 .

4. Ibid. v. 47 , p. 15 , no. 12

146 - سِيرتُهُ وَمكارِمُ أخلاقِهِ‏

146 His Comportment and His Noble Character

457. م حمّدَ بن زيادٍ الأزْديّ : سَمِعتُ مالكَ بنَ أنسٍ فقيهَ المدينةِ يقولُ : كنتُ‏أدخُلُ إلَى الصّادقُ جعفرِ بنِ محمّدٍ عليهما السلام فيُقدِّمُ لي مِخَدَّةً ، ويَعرِفُ لي قَدْراً ويقولُ : يا مالكُ ، إنّي اُحِبُّكَ. فكنتُ اُسَرُّ بذلكَ وأحمَدُ اللَّهَ عليهِ قالَ : وكانَ عليه السلام رجُلاً لا يَخْلو مِن إحدى‏ ثلاثِ خِصالٍ : إمّا صائماً ، وإمّا قائماً ، وإمّاً ذاكِراً ، وكانَ مِن عُظَماء العُبّادِ ، وأكابِرِ الزُّهّادِ الّذينَ يَخْشَونَ اللَّهَ عزّ وجلّ ، وكانَ كثيرَ الحديثِ ، طَيِّبَ المُجالَسةِ ، كثيرَ الفوائدِ1

457. Muhammad b. Ziyad al-Azdi narrated, 'I heard Malik b. Anas, the jurist of Madina say, 'I used to go to visit Jafar b. Muhammad al-Sadiq (AS), and he would place a cushion for me, respect me and say, 'Malik, indeed I like you.' I would be pleased with this comment and would praise Allah for it.' [Malik continued], 'He was a man always disposed to one of three states: either he was fasting, or praying, or engaged in Allah's remembrance. He was among the greatest worshippers, the greatest of abstemious people who fear Allah. He narrated many prophetic traditions, was sociable and friendly to sit with, and had much [for us] to benefit from.'2

458. ه شامُ بنُ سالم : كانَ أبو عَبدِاللَّهِ عليه السلام إذا اعتَمَّ وَذَهَبَ مِنَ اللَّيلِ شَطرَهُ أخَذَ جِراباً فيهِ خُبزٌ وَلَحمٌ وَالدَّراهِمُ فَحَمَلَهُ عَلى عُنُقِهِ ثُمَّ ذَهَبَ بِهِ إلى أهلِ الحاجَةِ مِن أهلِ المَدينَةِ فَقَسَّمَهُ فيهِم وَلا يَعرِفونَهُ فَلَمّا مَضى أبو عَبدِاللَّهِ عليه السلام فَقَدوا ذلك فَعَلِموا أنَّهُ كانَ أبا عَبدِاللَّهِ عليه السلام3

458. Hisham b. Salim narrated, 'When it was dark and part of the night had passed, Abu Abdillah (AS) would take a sack of bread, meat and money, and carry it on his back to the needy of Madina. He would distribute it among them whilst they did not even recognise him. When Abu Abdillah (AS) passed away, they missed [the aid] and realized that it had in fact been Abu Abdillah.'4

459. م ُ علّى بن خُنَيسٍ : خَرَجَ أبو عَبدُاللَّهِ عليه السلام في لَيلَةٍ قَد رَشَّتِ السَّماءُ وَهُوَ يُريدُ ظُلَّةَ بَني ساعِدَةٍ فَأتبَعتُهُ فَإذا هُوَ قَد سَقَطَ مِنهُ شَي‏ءٌ فَقالَ : بِسمِ اللَّهِ اللَّهمَّ رُدَّ عَلَينا ، قالَ : فَأتَيتُهُ فَسلَّمتُ عَلَيهِ فَقالَ: أنتَ مُعلّى‏ ؟ قُلتُ : نَعَم جُعلتُ فِداكَ ، فَقالَ لي : الَتمِس بِيَدِكَ فَما وَجَدتَ مِن شَي‏ءٍ فَادفَعهُ إلَيَّ قالَ : فَإذا أنا بِخُبزٍ مُنتَثِرٍ ، فَجَعلتُ أدفَعُ إلَيهِ ما وَجَدتُ ، فَإذا أنا بِجِرابٍ مِن خُبزٍ فَقُلتُ‏ُ : جُعلتُ فِداكَ أحمِلهُ عَنكَ ؟ فَقالَ : لا أنا أولى بِهِ مِنكَ وَلكِن امضِ مَعي ، قالَ : فَأتَينا ظُلَّةَ بَني ساعِدَةٍ فَإذا نَحنُ بِقَومٍ نيامٍ فَجَعَلَ يَدُسُّ الرَّغيفَ وَالرَّغيفَينِ تَحتَ ثَوبِ كُلَّ واحِدٍ مِنهُم حَتّى أتى عَلى آخِرَهُم ثُمَّ انصَرَفنا فَقلتُ : جُعلتُ فِداكَ يَعرِفُ هؤلاءِ الحقَّ ، فَقالَ : لَو عَرَفوا لَواسَيناهُم بِالدِّقَّةِ5

459. Mualla b. Khunays narrated, 'Abu Abdillah went out on a drizzly night, heading towards the refuge of Bani Saida. So I followed him, when suddenly something fell from him.' He said, 'In the name of Allah, O Allah! Return it back to us.' [He continued], 'I came to him and greeted him, and he asked, 'Are you Mualla?' I said, 'Yes, may I be your ransom.' He said, 'Search around with your hands and if you find anything give it to me.' I found pieces of bread, so I extended my hands to give them to him. I was amazed to see a sack of bread on his back. I asked, 'May I be your ransom! Allow me to carry it for you!' He said, 'No! I deserve [the load] more than you but come with me.' He said, 'We came to the refuge of Bani Saida, where we came across a people who were asleep. He placed one or two loafs of bread under the garment of each and every person until he had come to the last person. We then left.' I said, 'May I be your ransom, do these people acknowledge the truth [of leadership]?' He said, 'If they did, we would have given them the flour as well.'6

460. أ بو عَمرو الشَّيباني : رَأيتُ أبا عَبدِاللَّهِ عليه السلام وَبِيَدِهِ مِسحاةٌ وَعَلَيهِ إزارٌ غَليظٌ يَعمَلُ في حائِطٍ لَهُ وَالعَرَقُ يَتَصابُّ عَن ظَهرِهِ فَقُلتُ : جُعلتُ فِداكَ أعطِني أكفِكَ فَقالَ لي : إنّي أُحِبُّ أن يَتَأذَّي الرَّجُلُ بِحَرِّ الشَّمسِ في طَلَبِ المَعيشَةِ7

460. Abu Amr al-Shaybani narrated, 'I saw Aba Abdillah (AS) with a spade in his hand and wearing thick clothes, working in his yard with sweat dripping from his back. I stepped forward and said, 'May I be your ransom, allow me to work in your place.' He replied, 'Verily I love for a man [myself] to bear the sun's heat in the quest for a living.'8

Notes

1. بحار الأنوار : 47 / 16 / 1 .

2. Ibid. v. 47 , p. 16 , no. 1

3. الكافي : 4 / 8 / 1 .

4. al-Kafi, v. 4 , p. 8 , no. 1

5. ثواب الأعمال : 173 / 2 .

6. Thawab al-Amal, p. 173 , no. 2

7. الكافي : 5 / 76 / 13 .

8. al-Kafi, v. 5 , p. 76 , no. 13

24 - الإمام موسى بن جعفر الكاظم‏

24 IMAM MUSA B. JAFAR AL-KAZIM (AS)

147 - النَّصُّ عَلى‏ إمامَتِهِ‏

147. Proof of his Imama

461. ا لمناقب لابن شهر آشوب عن صَفوانِ الجَمّالِ : سَألتُ أبا عَبدِاللَّهِ عليه السلام عَن صاحِبِ هذا الأمرِ ، فَقالَ : صاحبُ هذا الأمرِ لا يَلْهو ولا يَلْعبُ فأقْبَلَ موسى‏ بنُ جعفرٍ وهُو صغيرٌ ومَعهُ عَناقٌ مكّيّة وهُو يقولُ لها : اسجُدي لربِّكِ ، فأخَذَهُ أبو عبدِاللَّهِ فضَمَّهُ إلَيهِ وقالَ : بأبي واُمّي ، لا يَلْهو ولا يَلْعبُ1

461. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) in reply to Safwan al-Jammal asking about one who holds this position [of Imama], said, 'One who holds this position does not play and nor is he distracted.' Musa b. Jafar, who was then a child entered accompanied by a Makkan she-goat, to whom he was saying, 'Prostrate to your Lord!'. So Abu Abdillah took him and hugged him and said, 'May my parents be your ransom, he never plays and nor is he distracted.'2

Notes

1. المناقب لابن شهرآشوب : 4 / 317 .

2. al-Manaqib li Ibn Shahr Ashub, v. 4 , no. 317

148 - الإمامُ في السِّجنِ‏

148 The Imam in Prison

462. ا لثَوباني : كانَت لأبي الحَسَنِ موسَى بنِ‏جَعفَرٍ عليهما السلام بِضعَ عَشَرةَ سِنَةٍ كُلَّ يَومٍ سَجدَةٌ بَعدَ ابيضاضِ الشَّمسِ إلى وَقتِ الزَّوالِ قالَ : فَكانَ هارونُ رُبَّما صَعَدَ سَطحاً يُشرِفُ مِنهُ عَلى الحَبسِ الَّذي حَبَسَ فيهِ أبا الحَسَنِ عليه السلام فَكانَ يَرى أبا الحَسَنِ عليه السلام ساجِداً فَقالَ للرَّبيعِ : ما ذاكَ الثَّوبُ الَّذي أراهُ كُلَّ يَومٍ في ذلك المَوضِعِ؟ قالَ : يا أميرَالمُؤمِنينَ ما ذاك بِثَوبٍ وإنّما هُوَ موسَى بنُ جَعفَرٍ عليهما السلام لَهُ كُلُّ يَومٍ سَجدَةٌ بَعدَ طُلوعِ الشَّمسِ إلى وَقتِ الزَّوالِ ، قالَ الرَّبيعُ : فَقالَ لي هارونُ : أما إنَّ هذا من رُهبانِ بَني هاشِمٍ ، قُلتُ : فَما لَكَ فَقَد ضَيَّقتَ عَليهِ في الحَبسِ ؟! قالَ : هَيهاتَ لابُدَّ مِن ذلك1

462. Thawbani narrated, 'Abu al-Hasan Musa b. Jafar, for about ten years, performed a single prostration from sunrise until noon. [He continued], 'Harun would sometimes climb onto a roof that overlooked the prison cell wherein he had imprisoned Abu al-Hasan. He would see Abu al-Hasan (AS) in prostration. He asked al-Rabi, 'What is that cloth I see on that spot everyday?' He said, 'O commander of the faithful! That is not a cloth but Musa b. Jafar (AS). He performs a prostration every day from sunrise until noon.' Harun said, 'He is indeed one of the holy men from the Bani Hashim.' I asked, 'Then why have you confined him to captivity?' He said, 'Alas! That is how it must be.'2

463. ع ليُّ بن سُوَيدٍ : كَتَبتُ إلى‏ أبي الحسنِ موسى‏ عليه السلام، وهو في الحَبْسِ ، كِتاباً أسألُهُ عن حالِه وعن مَسائلَ كثيرةٍ، فاحْتَبسَ‏الجوابُ علَيَّ أشْهُراً، ثمّ أجابَني بجوابٍ هذِه نُسْخَتُهُ :

بسمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحمنِ الرَّحيمِ أمّا بعدُ ، فإنّكَ امرؤٌ أنْزَلكَ اللَّهُ مِن آلِ محمّدٍ بمَنزلةٍ خاصّةٍ ، وحَفِظَ مَوَدّةَ ما اسْتَرعاكَ من دِينهِ الحديث3

463. Ali b. Suwayd narrates, 'I wrote a letter to Abu al-Hasan Musa b. Jafar (AS), when he was in captivity, in which I inquired about his health and about many other issues. He held back the reply from me for months, then he replied in a letter, the text of which is as follows: 'In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful Certainly you are a man who has been bestowed a special rank by Allah with the household of Muhammad and has guarded you among those who look after His religion ...'4

Notes

1. عيون أخبار الرضا : 1 / 95 .

2. Uyun Akhbar al-Rida (AS), v. 1 , p. 95

3. بحار الأنوار : 78 / 329 / 7 .

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78 , p. 329 , no. 7

149 - فضائِلُه عليه السلام‏

149 His Virtues

464. ا لإرشاد : رُويَ أنَّهُ (الكاظم عليه السلام) كانَ يَدعو كَثيراً فَيَقولُ : اللَّهمَّ إنّي أسألُكَ الرّاحَةَ عِندَ المَوتِ وَالعَفوَ عِندَ الحِسابِ وَيُكَرِّرُ ذلك وَكانَ مِن دُعائِهِ عليه السلام : عَظُمَ الذَّنبُ مِن عَبدِكَ فَليَحسُنِ العَفوُ مِن عِندِكَ وَكانَ يَبكي مِن خَشيَةِ اللَّهِ حَتَّى تَخضَلُّ لِحيَتُهُ بِالدُّموعِ وَكانَ أوصَلُ النّاسِ لأهلِهِ ورَحِمِهِ وَكانَ يَفتَقِدُ فُقَراءَ المَدينَةِ في اللَّيلِ فَيَحمِلُ إليهِم (الزَّنبيلَ) فيهِ العَينُ وَالوَرَقُ وَالأدِقَّةُ وَالتُّمورِ فَيوصِلُ إلَيهِم ذلك وَلا يَعلَمونَ مِن أيِّ جَهَةٍ هُوَ1

464. It is narrated in al-Irshad: 'It is reported that al-Kazim used to supplicate a lot and say, 'O Allah! Indeed I ask You for ease at the time of death and pardon at the time of the account', and he used to repeat this several times. And among his supplications were, 'The sin of Your slave is great, so graceful will be the pardon from You.' He used to weep out of fear of Allah until his beard was soaked with tears. He used to be most diligent with maintaining relations with his family and his kin. He used to visit the poor of Madina at night, for whom he would take a basket of gold, silver, flour and dates. He would deliver all this to them whilst they did not even know where he came from.'2

465. ا لحَسَنُ بنُ مُحَمَّدِ بنِ يَحيَى العَلَويِّ : حَدَّثَني جَدّي : كانَ موسَى بنُ جَعفَرٍ يُدعى‏ العَبدَ الصّالِحَ مِن عِبادَتِهِ وَاجتِهادِهِ رَوى أصحابُنا أنَّهُ دَخَلَ مَسجِدَ رسولِ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله فَسَجَدَ سَجدَةً في أوَّلِ اللَّيلِ، وَسُمِعَ وَهُوَ يَقولُ في سُجودِهِ : «عَظيمُ الذَّنبِ عِندي فَليَحسُنِ العَفوُ عِندَكَ ، يا أهلَ التَّقوى وَيا أهلَ المَغفِرَةِ» فَجَعَلَ يُرَدِّدُها حَتَّى أصبَحَ وَكانَ سَخيّاً كَريماً ، وَكانَ يَبلُغُهُ عَنِ الرَّجلِ أنَّهُ يُؤذيهِ فَيَبعَثُ إلَيهِ بِصُرَّةٍ فيها ألفَ دينارٍ3

465. Hasan b. Muhammad b. Yahya al-Alawi said, 'My grandfather narrated to me that Musa b. Jafar (AS) was called the righteous slave due to his worship and hard work. Our companions narrated that he would enter the mosque of the Prophet (SAWA) and would perform a prostration early in the night. He was heard to say in his prostration, 'My sin from me is great whilst Your pardon from You is graceful. O One who is worthy of being feared and O One who is worthy of granting forgiveness'. He would repeat this until morning. He was generous and noble. He was once informed of someone who spoke ill of him, so he sent for him a tray with one thousand dinars.'4

Notes

1. الإرشاد : 2 / 231 .

2. al-Irshad, p. 296

3. تاريخ بغداد : 13 / 27 .

4. Tarikh Baghdad, v. 13 , p. 27

25 - الإمام عليّ بن موسى الرضا

25 IMAM ALI B. MUSA AL-RIDA (AS)

150 - النَّصُّ عَلى‏ إمامَتِهِ‏

150 Proofs of his Imama

466. ع بدُ الرَّحمنُ بنُ الحجّاج : أوصى‏ أبو الحسنِ موسَى بنُ جعفرٍ عليه السلام إلى‏ ابنِه عليٍّ عليه السلام، وكتبَ لهُ كِتاباً أشْهَدَ فيهِ سِتِّينَ رجُلاً مِن وُجوهِ أهلِ المدينةِ1

466. Abd al-Rahman b. al-Hajjaj narrated, 'Abu al-Hasan Musa b. Jafar [al-Kazim] (AS) appointed his son Ali (AS) as the executor of his will, and wrote this in a letter to him which sixty of Madina's renowned men bore witness to.'2

Notes

1. بحار الأنوار : 49 / 17 / 15 .

2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 49 , p. 17 , no. 15

151 - إجبارُ الإمامِ عَلى‏ وِلايَةِ العَهدِ

151 Compelling the Imam to be the Heir Apparent

467. ا بو الصلت الهروي : إنّ المأمونَ قالَ للرِّضا عليه السلام : يابنَ رسولَ اللَّهِ إنّي قد رأيتُ أنْ أعزِلَ نَفْسي عنِ الخِلافةِ ، وأجْعَلَها لكَ واُبايِعَكَ !

فقالَ له الرِّضا عليه السلام: إنْ كانتْ هذهِ الخلافةُ لكَ واللَّهُ جَعلَها لكَ فلا يَجوزُ لكَ أنْ تَخْلَعَ لِباساً ألبَسَكَهُ اللَّهُ وتَجْعلَهُ لِغَيرِكَ ، وإنْ كانتِ الخِلافةُ لَيستْ لكَ فلا يَجوزُ لكَ أن تَجْعلَ لِي ما ليسَ لكَ

فقالَ له المأمونُ : يابنَ رسولِ اللَّهِ ، فَلابُدَّ لكَ مِن قَبولِ هذا الأمرِ! فقالَ : لَستُ أفْعَلُ ذلك طائعاً أبداً تُريدُ بذلكَ أن يَقولَ النّاسُ : إنّ عليَّ بنَ موسى‏ الرِّضا لم يَزْهَدْ في الدُّنيا بل زَهِدَتِ الدُّنيا فيهِ ! ألا تَرَونَ كيفَ قَبِلَ وِلايةَ العهدِ طمَعاً في الخِلافة ؟ ! فغَضِبَ المأمونُ ثُمَّ قالَ : فباللَّهِ اُقسِمُ لَئنْ قَبِلْتَ وِلايةَ العهدِ وإلّا أجْبَرتُكَ على‏ ذلكَ ، فإنْ فَعلتَ وإلّا ضَرَبتُ عُنُقَكَ1

467. Abu al-Salt al-Harawi narrated, 'Verily Ma'mun said to al-Rida (AS), 'O son of the Prophet Verily I see it best for me to relinquish the caliphate and hand it over to you and swear allegiance to you!' So al-Rida (AS) said to him, 'If this caliphate indeed belongs to you and Allah has assigned it to you, then it is not permissible for you to remove a garment that Allah has clothed you with and assign it to another instead of yourself. And if the caliphate is not actually yours then it is not permissible for you to assign to me that which is not yours [in the first place].' So Ma'mun said to him, 'O son of the Prophet! You have to accept this post!' to which the Imam replied, 'I will never do that willingly... for by that [i.e. my acceptance of it] you want the people to say:“Ali b. Musa al-Rida did not abstain from worldly pursuits [of leadership] but it is the world that has turned its back on him! Do you not see how he accepted to be the heir apparent in his greed for the caliphate?!” So Ma'mun became enraged and said, '...I swear to Allah, if you do not accept the position of heir apparent I will force you to it. So you had better accept it or else I will behead you.'2

Notes

1. عيون أخبار الرضا : 2 / 139 / 3 .

2. Uyun Akhbar al-Rida (AS), v. 2 , p. 139 , no. 3

152 - فضائلُه‏

152 His Virtues

468. ا لهَرَويّ : جِئتُ إلى بابِ الدّارِ الّتي حُبِسَ فيها الرِّضا عليه السلام بِسَرَخْسَ وقد قُيِّدَ ، فاسْتَأذَنتُ علَيهِ السَّجّانَ فقالَ : لا سَبيلَ لَكُم إلَيهِ ، فقلتُ : ولِمَ؟ قالَ : لأنّه رُبَّما صلّى‏ في يَومِهِ وليلَتِهِ ألفَ رَكعةٍ ، وإنّما يَنْفَتِلُ مِن صَلاتِهِ ساعةً في صدرِ النّهارِ وقَبلَ الزّوالِ وعندَ اصْفِرارِ الشَّمسِ ، فهُوَ في هذهِ الأوقاتِ قاعِدٌ في مُصَلّاهُ يُناجي ربَّهُ قالَ : فقُلتُ لَه : فاطْلُبْ لِي في هذِه الأوقاتِ إذْناً علَيهِ ، فاسْتأذَنَ لِي علَيهِ ، فدَخَلتُ علَيهِ وهُو قاعِدٌ في مُصلّاه مُتَفكِّرٌ1

468. al-Harawi narrated, 'I went to the door of the place in Sarkhas where al-Rida was being held captive in chains. I sought permission from the jailor [to visit him] and he said, 'There is no way that you will be able to see him.' I asked, 'Why?' He replied, 'Because he sometimes offers one thousand prayers in the space of one day and night. He stops praying for a while at daybreak, before noon and before sunset. During these times he sits on his prayer mat and converses intimately with his Lord.' I said to him, 'Then request him to grant me permission during these times'. So he asked permission for me [to visit]. I entered and he was sitting on his prayer mat meditating.'2

469. إ براهيمُ بنُ العبّاسِ : ما رَأيتُ أبا الحَسَنِ الرّضا عليه السلام جَفا أحَداً بِكَلِمَةٍ قَطُّ وَلا رَأيتُهُ قَطَعَ عَلى أحَدٍ كَلامَهُ حَتَّى يَفرُغَ مِنهُ ، وَمارَدَّ أحَداً عَن حاجَةٍ يَقدِرُ عَلَيها وَلا حَدَّ رِجلَهُ بَينَ يَدَي جَليسٍ لَهُ قَطُّ وَلا اتَّكى‏ بَينَ يَدَي جَليسٍ لَهُ قَطُّ ، وَلا رَأيتُهُ شَتَمَ أحَداً مِن مَواليهِ وَمَماليكِهِ قَطُّ ، وَلا رَأيتُهُ تَفَلَ وَلا رَأيتُهُ يُقَهقِهُ في ضِحكِهِ قَطُّ ، بَل كانَ ضِحكُهُ التَّبَسُّمُ ، وَكانَ إذا خَلا وَنَصَبَ مائِدَتَهُ أجلَسَ مَعَهُ عَلى مائِدَتِهِ مَماليكَهُ وَمَواليهِ حَتَّى البَوّابَ السّائِسَ3

469. Ibrahim b. al-Abbas narrated, 'I have never seen Abu al-Hasan al-Rida (AS) hurt anybody with something he said, nor have I ever seen him interrupt anyone until he had finished, nor refuse to do someone a favour that he was able to do, nor did he ever stretch his legs before anyone sitting with him, nor lean against something while his companion did not, nor did he ever insult any of his servants or workers. And I have never seen him spit or burst into laughter; rather, his laughter was just a smile. When he was ready to eat and the table had been laid, he seated with him at the table all his servants, including the doorman and the stableboy.'4

Notes

1. بحار الأنوار : 49 / 91 / 5 .

2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 49 , p. 91 , no. 5

3. عيون أخبار الرضا : 2 / 184 / 7 .

4. Uyun Akhbar al-Rida (AS), v. 2 , p. 184 , no. 7

26 - الإمام محمّد بن عليّ الجواد

26 IMAM MUHAMMAD B. ALI AL-JAWAD (AS)

153 - النَّصُّ عَلى‏ إمامَتِهِ‏

153 Proofs of his Imama

470. ر سولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله - لَمّا سَألَهُ عَبدُاللَّهُ بنُ مَسعودٍ عَنِ الأئِمَّةِ في صُلبِ الحُسَينِ عليه السلام - : وَيَخرُجُ مِن صُلبِ عَليٍّ (الرِّضا) ابنُهُ مُحَمَّدٌ المَحمودُ أطهَرُ النّاسِ خَلقاً وَأحسَنُهُم خُلقاً1

470. The Prophet (SAWA), in reply to Abdullah b. Masud regarding the Imams from Husayn (AS)'s progeny, said, '... And from the loins of Ali [al-Rida], his son Muhammad, the praised and the purest of people in form, and the best of them in character.'2

471. ع بدُ اللَّهِ بنِ جعفرٍ : دَخَلتُ على‏ الرِّضا عليه السلام أنا وصَفوانُ بنُ يحيى‏ ، وأبو جعفرٍ عليه السلام قائمٌ قد أتى‏ لهُ ثلاثُ سِنينَ ، فقُلْنا لَه : جَعَلَنا اللَّهُ فِداكَ ، إنْ - وأعَوذُ باللَّهِ - حَدَثَ حدَثٌ فَمن يَكونُ بَعدَكَ؟ قالَ : ابْنِي هذا، وأومَأَ إليهِ قالَ : فقُلْنا لَه: وهُو في هذاالسِّنِّ ؟! قالَ : نَعَمْ ، وهُو في هذا السِّنِّ ، إنَّ اللَّهَ تبارَكَ وتعالى‏ احْتَجَّ بعيسى‏ عليه السلام وهُو ابنُ سنَتَينِ3

471. Abdullah b. Jafar narrated, 'Safwan b. Yahya and I visited al-Rida (AS), and Abu Jafar [Imam al-Jawad], who was three years old, was standing there. We asked him [i.e. al-Rida], 'May Allah sacrifice us for you. If - God forbid- something happened to you, who will be [the Imam] after you?' He said, 'This son of mine', pointing towards him. We asked, 'While he is still this young?' He replied, 'of course while he is still this young. Verily Allah, Blessed and most High, made Jesus His divine proof [on earth] when he was just two years old.'4

Notes

1. كفاية الأثر : ص 84 .

2. Kifayat al-Athar, p. 84

3. بحار الأنوار : 50 / 35 / 23 .

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 50 , p. 35 , no. 23

154 - فَضائِلُهُ عليه السلام‏

154 His Virtues

472. ي َ حيى الصَّنعاني : دَخَلتُ عَلى أبي الحسن الرِّضا عليه السلام وَهُوَ بِمَكَّةَ وَهُوَ يَقشِرُ مَوزاً وَيُطعِمُهُ أبا جَعفَرٍ عليه السلام فَقُلتُ لَهُ : جُعِلتُ فِداكَ هذا المَولودُ المُبارَكُ ؟ قالَ : نَعَم يا يَحيى هذا المَولودُ الَّذي لَم يولَد في الإسلامِ مِثلُهُ مَولودٌ أعظَمُ بَرَكَةً عَلى شيعَتِنا مِنهُ1

472. Yahya al-Sanani narrated, 'I visited Abu al-Hasan al-Rida (AS) when he was in Makkah. I saw him peel a banana and feed it to Abu Jafar. I asked him, 'May I be your ransom, is this the blessed newborn?' He said, 'Yes, O Yahya! This is the newborn the like of whom there is none other born into Islam and upon our Shia, more blessed than him.'2

473. ع َ بدُاللَّهُ بنُ سَعيدٍ : قالَ لي مُحَمَّدُ بنُ عَليِّ بنِ عُمَرِ التَّنّوخي : رَأيتُ مُحَمَّدَ بنَ عَليٍّ وَهُوَ يُكَلِّمُ ثَوراً فَحَرَّكَ الثَّورُ رَأسَهُ ، فَقُلتُ لا وَلكن تَأمُرُ الثَّورَ أن يُكَلِّمَكَ ، فَقالَ وَعُلِّمنا مَنطِقَ الطَّيرِ وَاوتينا مِن كُلِّ شَي‏ءٍ ثُمَّ قالَ قُل لا إلهَ إلّا اللَّهُ وَحدَهُ لا شَريكَ لَهُ وَمَسَحَ بِكَفِّهِ عَلى رَأسِهِ فَقالَ الثَّورُ لا إله إلّا اللَّهُ وَحدَهُ لا شَريكَ لَهُ3

473. Abdullah b. Said narrated that Muhammad b. Ali b. Umar al-Tannukhi said to him, 'I saw Muhammad b. Ali [al-Jawad] talking to a bull and the bull shook his head.' Then I said to him, 'No, but [can you not] command the bull to talk to you.' He then recited [the verse]:“We have been taught the speech of the birds and we have been given out of everything” He then said [to it], 'Say: there is no god but Allah, the Only One and He has no partner' and stroked its head with his palm. The bull then said, 'There is no god but Allah, the Only One and He has no partner.'4

474. ع ليُّ بنِ حَسّانِ الواسِطيِّ المَعروفِ بِالعَمشِ: حَمَلتُ مَعي إليهِ عليه السلام مِن الآلَةِ الَّتي لِلإصبِهانِ بَعضُها مِن فِضَّةٍ وَقُلتُ أتحُفُ مَولايَ أبا جَعفَرٍ بِها فَلَمّا تَفرَّقَ النّاسُ عنه بَعدَ جَوابِ الجَميعِ قامَ فَمَضى فَاتَّبَعتُهُ فَلقيتُ مُوَفِّقاً فَقُلتُ استَأذِن لي عَلى أبي جَعفَرٍ ، فَدَخَلتُ وَسَلَّمتُ فَردَّ عَلىَّ السَّلامَ وَفي وَجهِهِ الكَراهَةُ وَلَم يَأتي بِالجُلوسِ فَدَنوتُ مِنهُ وَأفرَغتُ ما كانَ في كُمّي بَينَ يَدَيهِ فَنَظَرَ إلَىَّ مُغضِباً ثمّ رَنا يَميناً وَشِمالاً وَقالَ ما لِهذا خَلَقَني اللَّهُ ما أنا وَاللَّعبِ ؟ فاستَعفَيتُهُ فَعَفا عَنّي فَأخَذتُها فَخَرَجتُ5

474. Ali b. Hassan al-Wasiti, known as al-Amsh, narrated, 'I brought an item to him from Isfahan made of silver, in order to present it to my master Abu Jafar [al-Jawad]. When the people left his company after he had answered all their questions, he stood up and left. I followed him and met a helper of his from whom I requested to seek permission to see Abu Jafar. I entered and saluted him, and he returned my salutation with signs of dislike on his face. He did not come to sit down, so I approached him and emptied all that was in my sleeve before him. He looked at me in anger, then he looked to the right and left and said, 'Allah has not created me for this, what has play got to do with me?' I asked him to forgive me. He forgave me and then I took the things and left.'6

475. ك شف الغمّة عن القاسِمِ بنِ عَبدِالرَّحمنِ - وَكانَ زِيديّاً - : خَرَجتُ إلى بَغدادَ فَبَينا أنا بِها إذ رَأيتُ النّاسَ يَتَعادونَ وَيَتَشَرَّفونَ وَيَقِفونَ ؛ فَقُلتُ : ما هذا ؟ فَقالوا : ابنُ الرِّضا ، فَقُلتُ : وَاللَّهِ لأنظُرَنَّ إلَيهِ فَطَلَعَ عَلى بَغلٍ أو بَغلَةٍ فَقُلتُ : لَعَنَ اللَّهُ أصحابُ الإمامَةِ حَيثُ يَقولونَ إنَّ اللَّهَ افتَرَضَ طاعةَ هذا ، فَعَدَلَ إليَّ وَقالَ : يا قاسمَ بنَ عبدِالرَّحمنِ : «أبَشَراً مِنّا واحِداً نَتَّبِعُهُ إنّا إذاً لَفي ضَلالٍ وَسُعُرٍ»7 فَقُلتُ في نَفسي ساحِرٌ واللَّهِ! فَعَدَلَ إلَىَّ فَقالَ : «ءاُلقِيَ الذِّكرُ عَلَيهِ مِن بَينِنا بَل هُوَ كَذّابٌ أشِرٌ»8 قالَ : فانصَرَفتُ وَقُلتُ بِالإمامَةِ ؛ وَشَهِدتُ أنَّهُ حُجَّةُ اللَّهِ عَلى خَلقِهِ وَاعتَقَدتُهُ9

475. al-Qasim b. Abd al-Rahman, who was then a Zaydi, narrated, 'I went to Baghdad. While I was there, I saw the people congratulating each other all of a sudden, exchanging honourable greetings and standing up. I asked, 'What is this?' They replied, 'The son of al-Rida [has come].' Then I said, 'Indeed I must see him'. Then he appeared on a male or female donkey. I said, 'May the curse of Allah be upon the supporters of Imama who believe that Allah has made obedience to this [type of person] mandatory.' At that very moment, he turned to me and said, 'O Qasim b. Abd al-Rahman,“Are we to follow a lone human from ourselves?! Indeed then we would be in error and madness” . [He continued]: 'So I said to myself, 'A sorcerer, by Allah!', and he turned to me again, and said,“Has the Reminder been cast upon him from among us? Rather he is a self-conceited liar” . [He continued]: 'So I left, believing in Imama and bore witness that verily he is the proof of Allah on His creation and had faith in him.'10

Notes

1. الكافي : 6 / 360 / 3 .

2. al-Kafi, v. 6 , p. 360 , no. 3

3. دلائل الإمامة : 211 .

4. Dala'il al-Imama, p. 211

5. دلائل الإمامة : 212 .

6. Ibid. p. 212

7. القمر : 24 .

8. القمر : 25 .

9. كشف الغمّة : 3 / 153 .

10. Kashf al-Ghamma, v. 3 , p. 153

27 - الإمام عليّ بن محمّد الهادي‏

27 IMAM ALI B. MUHAMMAD AL-HADI (AS)

155 - النَّصُّ عَلى‏ إمامَتِهِ‏

155 Proofs of his Imama

476. ا لإمامُ الجوادُ عليه السلام : إنّ الإمامَ بَعدي ابْنِي عليٌّ، أمرُهُ أمري ، وقَولُهُ قَولي ، وطاعَتُهُ طاعَتي ، والإمامةُ بعدَهُ في ابنِهِ الحسنِ1

476. Imam al-Jawad (AS) said, 'Certainly the Imam after me is my son Ali. His command is my command, his word is my word, obedience to him is obedience to me and the Imama after him will rest with his son al-Hasan.'2

Notes

1. بحار الأنوار : 50 / 118 / 1 .

2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 50 , p. 118 , no. 1

5 - الأخ‏

5 THE BROTHER

20 - المُؤمِنُ أخُو المُؤمِنِ‏

20 The Believers Are Brothers

(إِنَّما الْمُؤْمِنُونَ إِخْوَةٌ فَأَصْلِحُوا بَيْنَ أَخَوَيْكُمْ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ)1

“The faithful are indeed brothers. Therefore make peace between your brothers and be wary of Allah, so that you may receive [His] mercy.” 2

43. ر سولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله: المؤمنونَ إخْوَةٌ، تَتَكافى‏ دِماؤهُم، وَهُمْ يَدٌ على‏ مَن سِواهُم ، يَسْعى‏ بذِمّتِهم أدناهُم3

43. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The believers are brothers, their blood is coequal, and they are one hand against others, the most inferior among them is empowered by them to give [to the enemy] protection.'4

44. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : رُبَّ أخٍ لَم تَلِدْهُ اُمُّكَ5

44. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Many a brother was not given birth by your own mother.'6

45. ا لإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام : المؤمنُ أخو المؤمِن لأبيهِ واُمِّهِ7

45. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'A believer is the brother of another believer [as if] from his own mother and father.'8

46. ا لامام الصادق عليه السلام : المُؤمنُ أخو المؤمنِ ، عَينُهُ ودَليلُهُ ، لا يَخونُهُ ، ولا يَظْلِمُهُ ، ولا يَغُشُّهُ ، ولا يَعِدُهُ عِدَةً فيَخْلِفَهُ9

46. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'A believer is the brother of another believer, his eye and his guide; he does not betray him, nor wrong him, nor deceive him, and nor does he rescind a promise he made to him.'10

47. ا لإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام: المؤمنُ أخو المؤمنِ كالجَسَدِ الواحدِ، إنِ اشتكَى‏ شيئاً مِنهُ وَجَدَ ألمَ ذلكَ في سائرِ جسدِهِ ، وأرواحُهُما مِن رُوحٍ واحدةٍ11

47. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'A believer is the brother of another believer, like a single body. If any part of him suffers, he will feel its pain in his entire body; and their souls are also made of one soul.'12

(اُنظر) الإيمان : باب 189

(See also: FAITH: section 189)

Notes

1. الحجرات : 10 .

2. Qur'an 49 :10

3. الأمالي للمفيد : 187 / 13 .

4. Amali al-Mufid, p. 187 , no. 13

5. غرر الحكم : 5351 .

6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 5351

7. الكافي : 2 / 166 / 2 و 7 .

8. al-Kafi, v. 2 , p. 166 , no. 2 and 7

9. الكافي : 2 / 166 / 3 .

10. Ibid. no. 3

11. الكافي : 2 / 166 / 4 .

12. Ibid. no. 4

21 - الاستِكثارُ مِنَ الإخوانِ‏

21 Increasing the Number of True Brothers

48. ر سولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : استكْثِروا مِن الإخوانِ ؛ فإنَّ لكلِّ مؤمنٍ شَفاعةً يومَ القيامةِ1

48. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Seek to increase your brothers [i.e. believeing friends], for every believer will make an intercession on the Day of Judgment.'2

49. ا لإمام عليٌّ عليه السلام : عَلَيكَ بإخوانِ الصِّدْقِ فأكْثِرْ مِنِ اكتِسابِهِم؛ فإنَّهُم عُدّةٌ عِندَ الرَّخاءِ ، وجُنّةٌ عِندَ البَلاءِ3

49. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Adopt [the friendship of] true brothers and increase in your acquisition of them, for they are an asset in times of prosperity, and a shield during afflictions.'4

(اُنظر) الصديق : باب 1102

(See also: THE FRIEND: section 1102 )

Notes

1. كنز العمّال : 24642 .

2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 24642

3. الأمالي للصدوق : 380 / 483 .

4. Amali al-Saduq, p. 250 , no. 8

22 - مَوَدَّةُ الإخوانِ‏

22 Brothers' Amity

50. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : لا يكونُ أخوكَ أقوى‏ مِنكَ على‏ مَودّتِهِ1

50. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Do not let your brother be stronger than you are in your amity for him.'2

51. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : أحْبِبِ الإخْوانَ على‏ قَدْرِ التَّقْوى‏3

51. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Love brothers in proportion to [their] piety.'4

52. ا لإمام الصادق عليه السلام : مِن حُبِّ الرَّجلِ دِينَه حبُّهُ أخَاهُ5

52. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'A man's love for his brother is part of his love for his religion.'6

Notes

1. بحار الأنوار : 74 / 165 / 29 .

2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 74 , p. 165 , no. 29

3. الاختصاص : 226 .

4. al-Ikhtisas, no. 226

5. الاختصاص : 31 .

6. Ibid. no. 31

23 - ما يوجِبُ بَقاءَ المَوَدَّةِ

23 That Which Ensures the Endurance of Amity

53. ا لإمام الصادق عليه السلام : يابنَ النُّعمان ، إنْ أردتَ أن يَصْفُوَ لكَ وُدُّ أخيكَ فلا تُمازِحَنَّهُ، ولا تُمارِيَنَّهُ، ولا تُباهِيَنَّهُ ، ولاتُشارَّنَّهُ1

53. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'O Ibn al-Numan! If you want your brother's amity for you to be pure, do not make fun of him, do not dispute with him, do not exchange bragging with him, and do not vie with him in evil acts.'2

54. ا لإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : تَحتاجُ الإخْوةُ فيما بَيْنَهُم إلى‏ ثلاثةِ أشياءَ ، فإنِ استَعمَلُوها وإلّا تَبايَنُوا وتَباغَضُوا، وهي : التَّناصُفُ ، والتَّراحُمُ ، ونَفْيُ الحَسَدِ3

54. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Brothers need three things among them - they either use them, or else dispute and hate one another - fairness, benevolence, and evasion of jealousy.'4

(اُنظر) عنوان 42 « البِشر» ؛ المحبّة : باب 418

(See also: CHEERFULNESS; LOVE: section 418)

Notes

1. بحار الأنوار : 78 / 291 / 2 .

2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78 , p. 291 , no. 2

3. تحف العقول : 322 .

4. Tuhaf al-Uqul, no. 322

24 - الاُخُوَّةُ فِي اللَّهِ‏

24 Brotherhood for the Sake of Allah

55. ر سولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : النَّظَرُ إلى‏ الأخِ تَوَدُّهُ في اللَّهِ عزّ وجلّ عِبادَةٌ1

55. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Looking at a brother you love for the sake of Allah, the Exalted, is [an act of] worship.'2

56. ر سولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : ما استَفادَ امرؤٌ مسلمٌ فائدةً بعدَ فائدةِ الإسلام مثلَ أخٍ يَستَفيدُهُ في اللَّهِ3

56. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'A Muslim cannot acquire anything as beneficial as his embracing Islam than a brother he benefits from for the sake of Allah.'4

57. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : على‏ التَّواخِي في اللَّهِ تَخْلُصُ الَمحَبّةُ5

57. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Love is purified through cultivating friendship for the sake of Allah.'6

58. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الإخْوانُ في اللَّهِ تعالى‏ تَدُومُ مَودّتُهُم ، لِدَوامِ سَبَبِها7

58. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Brothers, [whose brotherhood is] for the sake of Allah, enjoy an enduring amity, due to the firmness of its foundation.'8

59. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : بالتَّواخي في اللَّهِ تُثْمِرُ الاُخُوّة9

59. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Brotherhood for the sake of Allah is fruitful.'10

(اُنظر) المحبّة : باب 433

(See also: LOVE: section 433)

Notes

1. بحار الأنوار : 74 / 279 / 1 .

2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 74 , p. 279 , no. 1

3. تنبيه الخواطر : 2 / 179 .

4. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2 , p. 179

5. غرر الحكم : 6191 .

6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 6191

7. غرر الحكم : 1795 .

8. Ibid. no. 1795

9. غرر الحكم : 4225 .

10. Ibid. no. 4225

25 - الإخاءُ لِلدُّنيا

25 Brotherhood for the Sake of This World

60. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : مَن لَم تَكُن مَودّتُهُ في اللَّهِ فاحْذَرْهُ؛ فإنّ مودّتَهُ لَئيمةٌ ، وصُحْبتَه مَشُومةٌ.1

60. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He whose friendship is not for the sake of Allah must be avoided, for his friendship is vile, and his company is doomed.'2

61. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : مَن آخَى‏ في اللَّهِ غَنِمَ ، مَن آخى‏ في الدُّنيا حُرِمَ3

61. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He whose brotherhood is for the sake of Allah is bound to gain, while a man who seeks brothers for the sake of this world is bound to lose.'4

62. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام :مَن وادَّكَ لأمرٍ ولّى‏عندَانقِضائِهِ5

62. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who draws close to you for a purpose will abandon you when it is fulfilled.'6

Notes

1. غرر الحكم : 8978 .

2. Ibid. no. 8978

3. غرر الحكم : 7776 و 7777 .

4. Ibid. no. 7776-7777

5. غرر الحكم : 8552 .

6. Ibid. no. 8552

26 - إعلامُ الأخِ بِالحُبِ‏

26 Informing One's Brother of One's Love [for Him]

63. ر سولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : إذا أحبَّ أحدُكُم صاحِبَهُ أو أخاهُ فليُعْلِمْهُ1

63. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'When one of you likes his companion or brother, he should let him know.'2

64. ب حار الأنوار : مَرّ رجلٌ في المسجدِ وأبو جعفرٍ عليه السلام جالسٌ وأبو عبدِاللَّهِ عليه السلام، فقالَ له بعضُ جُلَسائهِ: واللَّهِ، إنّي لَاُحِبُّ هذا الرّجُلَ. قالَ لَه أبوجعفرٍ عليه السلام: ألَا فأعْلِمْهُ ؛ فإنَّهُ أبقى‏ لِلمَوَدّة ، وخَيْرٌ في الاُلْفةِ3

64. Bihar al-Anwar: A man passed through the mosque, where Abu Ja'far and Abu 'Abdullah [Imam al-Baqir and Imam al-Sadiq] (AS) were seated, when one of the people present said, 'By Allah, I like this man.' Abu Jafar replied, 'Then let him know, for this will maintain the amity and enhance the affection.'4

Notes

1. المحاسن : 1 / 415 / 953 .

2. al-Mahasin, v. 1 , p. 415 , no. 953

3. بحار الأنوار : 74 / 181 / 1 .

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 74 , p. 181 , no. 1

27 - مَوَدَّةُ الأخِ دَليلٌ عَلى‏ مَوَدَّتِهِ لِأخيهِ‏

27 One's Amity for Another is a Proof of Reciprocity

65. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : سَلُوا القُلوبَ عنِ المَوَدّاتِ ؛ فإنّها شَواهِدُ لا تَقْبَلُ الرُّشا1

65. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Ask your hearts about their amities, for they are witnesses that take no bribes.'2

66. ا لإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام : اعرِفِ المَودّةَ لكَ في قلبِ أخيكَ بما لَهُ في قلبِكَ3

66. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Know the amity that your brother has for you in his heart through what you harbour of the same in your own heart.'4

67. ا لإمامُ الهاديُّ عليه السلام : لا تَطلب الصَّفا ممّن كَدّرتَ علَيهِ ، ولا النُّصْحَ ممّن صَرَفْتَ سُوءَ ظنِّكَ إلَيهِ ، فإنّما قلبُ غيرِكَ لكَ كقلبِكَ لَهُ5

67. Imam al-Hadi (AS) said, 'Do not seek sincere amity from a man you have insincere sentiment for, nor honest advice from someone you direct your distrust towards, for another's feelings [lit. heart] towards you are similar to your feelings towards him.'6

(اُنظر) المحبّة : باب 428

(See also: LOVE: section 428)

Notes

1. غرر الحكم : 5641 .

2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 5641

3. كشف الغمّة : 2 / 331 .

4. Kashf al-Ghamma, v. 2 , p. 331

5. بحار الأنوار : 74 / 181 .

6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 74 , no. 181

28 - قَطِيعَةُ الإخوانِ‏

28 Cutting off Relations with Brothers

68. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : إنْ أرَدْتَ قَطِيعةَ أخيكَ فاستَبْقِ لَهُ مِن نفسِكَ بَقيّةً يَرجِعُ إليها إن بَدا لَه ذلكَ‏يوماً مّا1

68. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'If you want to cut off relations with your brother make sure to leave a place for him in your heart, so he can return to it one day when he so wishes.'2

69. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : ما أقبحَ القَطِيعةَ بعدَ الصِّلَةِ ، والجَفاءَ بعدَ الإخاءِ ، والعَداوةَ بعدَ المَودّةِ!3

69. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'How awful it is to cut off relations after having maintained them, to turn away after brotherhood, and to have animosity after amity.'4

70. ا لإمامُ الصادق عليه السلام : مَن وضَعَ حُبَّهُ في غيرِ موضعِهِ فقد تَعرَّضَ للقَطيعةِ5

70. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'A man who places his amity in the wrong place is bound to suffer abandonment.'6

(اُنظر) عنوان 390 « الهجران»

(See also: DESERTION: section 390)

Notes

1. نهج البلاغة : الكتاب‏ 31 .

2. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 31

3. بحار الأنوار : 77 / 210 / 1 .

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 77 , p. 210 , no. 1

5. المحاسن : 1 / 415 / 950 .

6. al-Mahasin, v. 1 , p. 415 , no. 950

29 - وَصلُ الإخوانِ‏

29 Maintaining Brotherhood

71. ا لإمام عليٌّ عليه السلام : لا يَكُونَنَّ أخوكَ أقوى‏ على‏ قَطيعتِكَ منكَ على‏ صِلَتِهِ ، ولا تَكُونَنّ على‏ الإساءَةِأقوى‏ منكَ علَى الإحسانِ1

71. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Do not let your brother be stronger in his avoidance of you than you are in your maintaining relations with him, and do not be stronger in your harm to him than in your kindness towards him.'2

72. ا لإمامُ الحسينُ عليه السلام : إنّ أوْصَلَ النّاسِ مَن وَصَلَ مَن قَطَعَهُ3

72. Imam al-Husayn (AS) said, 'The best person is the one who maintains relations with one who cuts him off.'4

Notes

1. نهج البلاغة : الكتاب 31 .

2. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 31

3. بحار الأنوار : 78 / 121 / 4 .

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78 , p. 121 , no. 4

30 - أقسامُ الإخوانِ‏

30 Types of Brothers

73. ر سولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : أقلُّ ما يكونُ في آخِرِ الزّمانِ أخٌ يُوثَقُ بهِ أو دِرْهَمٌ من حَلالٍ1

73. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The most scarce things at the end of time will be a trustworthy brother and a legitimately earned dirham.'2

74. ا لإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام: الإخوانُ ثلاثةٌ: فواحِدٌ كالغِذاءِ الّذي يُحتاجُ إليهِ كلَّ وقتٍ فَهُو العاقلُ، والثّاني في‏معنَى الدّاءِ وهُو الأحْمَقُ، والثّالثُ في معنَى الدّواءِ فَهُو اللّبِيبُ3

74. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Brothers are of three [kinds]: one, like food, is needed all the time and he is the wise [friend]. Another is similar to disease, and this is the fool. And the third is like medicine, and this is the tactful [friend].'4

75. ا لإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : الإخْوانُ ثلاثةٌ : مُواسٍ بنفسِهِ ، وآخرُ مُواسٍ بمالِهِ ؛ وهُما الصّادقانِ في الإخاءِ ، وآخَرُ يأخذُ منكَ البُلْغَةَ ، ويُريدُكَ لِبَعضِ اللّذَّةِ ، فلا تَعُدَّه مِن أهلِ الثِّقَةِ5

75. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Brothers are three [kinds]: one helps with his own self, and another helps with his wealth, and these two are true in their brotherhood. A third is the one who takes from you what he needs and keeps you for some of his pleasure - do not consider him trustworthy.'6

Notes

1. تحف العقول : 54 .

2. Tuhaf al-Uqul, no. 54

3. تحف العقول : 323 .

4. Ibid. no. 323

5. تحف العقول : 324 .

6. Ibid. no. 324

31 - النَّهيُ عَن بَعضِ الإخاءِ

31 Warning against Some Forms of Brotherhood

76. ا لإمام عليٌّ عليه السلام : ليسَ لكَ بأخٍ مَنِ احْتَجْتَ إلى‏مُداراتِهِ1

76. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The one you need to safeguard yourself against is not your brother.'2

77. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : لا تُواخِ مَن يَسْتُرُ مَناقِبَك، ويَنْشُرُ مَثالِبَكَ3

77. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Do not take for brother a man who hides your virtues and exposes your lapses.'4

78. ا لإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام : بِئسَ الأخُ أخٌ يَرعاكَ غَنِيّاً وَيقطعُكَ فَقيراً5

78. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'The worst brother is the one who stays with you in your affluence and abandons you in your poverty.'6

79. ا لإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام : لا تُقارِنْ ولا تُواخِ أربعةً : الأحْمَقَ ، والبَخيلَ ، والجَبانَ ، والكَذّابَ‏7

79. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Do not take for brothers or companions: the fool, the miserly, the coward, and the liar.'8

80. ا لإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : احذَرْ أن تُواخيَ مَن أرادَكَ لِطَمعٍ أو خَوفٍ أو مَيْلٍ أو للأكلِ والشُّرْبِ ، واطلبْ مُواخاةَ الأتقياءِ ولو في ظُلُماتِ‏الأرضِ ،وإنْ أفنيتَ عُمْرَكَ‏في طلبِهِم‏9

80. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Be warned against having a brother who wants you for greed, out of fear, or because of food and drink. Instead, seek the brotherhood of the pious even if they are in the darkness of the earth and even if you have to spend your life seeking them.'10

(اُنظر) الصديق : باب 1103 ؛ المحبّة : باب 419

(See also: THE FRIEND: section 1103; LOVE: section 419)

Notes

1. غرر الحكم : 7503 .

2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 7503

3. غرر الحكم : 10420 .

4. Ibid. no. 1042

5. الإرشاد : 2 / 166 .

6. al-Irshad, v. 2 , p. 166

7. الخصال : 244 / 100 .

8. al-Khisal, p. 244 , no. 100

9. بحار الأنوار : 74 / 282 / 3 .

10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 74 , p. 282 , no. 3

32 - المُحافَظَةُ عَلَى الاُخُوَّةِ القَديمَةِ

32 Preserving Old Brotherhood

81. ر سولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : إنَّ اللَّهَ تعالى‏ يُحِبُّ المُداوَمَةَ على‏ الإخاءِ القديمِ ، فَداوِمُوا علَيهِ1

81. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Allah, the Exalted, likes the maintenance of old brotherhood, so maintain it.'2

82. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : اخْتَرْ مِن كلِّ شي‏ءٍ جَدِيدَهُ ، ومِن الإخْوانِ أقدَمَهُمْ3

82. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Choose the new of everything, but the oldest one from among brothers.'4

Notes

1. كنز العمّال : 24759 .

2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 24759

3. غرر الحكم : 2461 .

4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 2461

33 - الاُخُوَّةُ الحَقيقيَّةُ

33 Real Brotherhood

83. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام: إنَّ أخاكَ حَقّاً مَن غَفَرَ زلّتَكَ ، وسَدَّ خَلّتَكَ ، وقَبِلَ عُذْرَكَ ، وسَتَرَ عَوْرَتَكَ ، ونَفى‏ وَجلَكَ ، وحَقّقَ أملَكَ1

83. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Your true brother is the one who forgives your lapse, fulfils your need, accepts your excuse, hides your vices, removes your fear, and lives up to your aspiration.'2

84. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : أخوكَ الّذي لا يَخْذُلُكَ عِندَ الشِّدَّةِ ، ولا يَغْفُلُ عنكَ عندَ الجَرِيرةِ ، ولا يَخْدَعُكَ حينَ تَسْألُهُ3

84. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Your brother is the one who does not abandon you in difficulty, does not forget you at the time of trouble, and does not cheat you when you seek his advice.'4

Notes

1. غرر الحكم : 3645 .

2. Ibid. no. 3645

3. بحار الأنوار : 77 / 269 / 1 .

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 77 , p. 269 , no. 1

34 - اختيارُ الأخِ‏

34 Choosing a Brother

85. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : مَن جانَبَ الإخْوانَ على‏ كُلِّ ذَنبٍ قَلَّ أصدِقاؤهُ1

85. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who shuns his brothers for every lapse has few friends.'2

86. ا لإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : مَن لَم يُؤاخِ إلّا مَن لا عَيبَ فيهِ قَلَّ صَديقُهُ3

86. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'A man who does not befriend [anyone] unless they are flawless will have few friends.'4

Notes

1. غرر الحكم : 8166 .

2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 8166

3. أعلام الدين : 304 .

4. Alam al-Din, no. 304

35 - تَحَمُّلُ زِلَّةِ الأخِ‏

35 Tolerating the Lapse of a Brother

87. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : احتمِلْ زلّةَ وَليِّكَ لوقتِ وَثْبَةِ عَدُوِّكَ1

87. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Tolerate the lapse of your friend for the time of your enemy's attack.'2

88. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الاحتِمالُ زَيْنُ الرِّفاقِ3

88. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Tolerance is the splendor of companions.'4

89. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : مَن لم يَحْتَمِلْ زَلَلَ الصَّديقِ ماتَ وحيداً5

89. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'A man who does not endure the lapses of a friend will die in loneliness.'6

(اُنظر) عنوان 206 « السياسة»

(See also: MANAGEMENT 206)

Notes

1. بحار الأنوار : 74 / 166 / 29 .

2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 74 , p. 166 , no. 29

3. غرر الحكم : 752 .

4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 752

5. غرر الحكم : 9079 .

6. Ibid. no. 9079

36 - خَيرُ الإخوانِ‏

36 The Best of Brothers

90. ر سولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : خيرُ إخْوانِكَ مَن أعانَكَ على‏ طاعةِ اللَّهِ، وصَدَّكَ عن مَعاصِيهِ ، وأمَرَكَ برِضاهُ1

90. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The best of your brothers is the one who helps you to obey Allah, prevents you from disobeying Him, and orders you to please Him.'2

91. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : خيرُ الإخْوانِ أقلُّهُمْ مُصانَعةً في النَّصيحَةِ3

91. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The best of brothers is the one with the least hesitance in offering [harsh] advice.'4

92. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : خيرُ إخْوانِكَ مَن واساكَ ، وخيرٌ مِنه مَن كَفاكَ ، وإنِ احتاجَ إليكَ أعْفاكَ5

92. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The best of your brothers is the one who stands by you, and better than him is he who suffices himself with you, and even when he is in need of you, he spares you.'6

93. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : خيرُ الإخْوانِ مَن كانتْ في اللَّهِ مَودّتُهُ7

93. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The best brother is the one whose amity is for the sake of Allah.'8

94. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : خيرُ إخْوانِكَ مَن سارَعَ إلى الخيرِ وجَذَبَكَ إلَيهِ ، وأمَرَكَ بالبِرِّ وأعانَكَ علَيهِ9

94. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The best of your brothers is the one who rushes to do good and draws you towards it, and orders you to do good and helps you with it.'10

95. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : خَيرُ إخْوانِك مَن كثُرَ إغْضابُهُ لكَ في الحقِّ11

95. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The best of your brothers is the one who is roused to anger for your sake in [standing up for] what is right.'12

96. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : خيرُ الإخْوانِ مَن لا يُحْوِجُ إخْوانَهُ إلى‏ سِواهُ13

96. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The best of brothers is the one who does not let his fellow brothers need anyone other than himself.'14

97. ا لإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : أحبُّ إخْواني إليَّ مَن أهْدَى‏ عُيُوبي إلَيَّ15

97. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The most beloved of my brothers to me is he who confers my faults to me.'16

(اُنظر) الصديق : باب 1106

(See also: THE FRIEND: section 1106 )

Notes

1. تنبيه الخواطر : 2 / 123 .

2. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2 , p. 123

3. غرر الحكم : 4978 .

4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4978

5. غرر الحكم : 4988 .

6. Ibid. no. 4988

7. غرر الحكم : 5017 .

8. Ibid. no. 5017

9. غرر الحكم : 5021 .

10. Ibid. no. 5021

11. غرر الحكم : 5009 .

12. Ibid. no. 5009

13. غرر الحكم : 4985 .

14. Ibid. no. 4985

15. بحار الأنوار : 74 / 282 / 4 .

16. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 74 , p. 282 , no. 4

37 - شَرُّ الإخوانِ‏

37 The Worst of Brothers

98. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : شَرُّ الإخْوانِ مَن تُكُلِّفَ لَهُ1

98. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The worst of brothers is he for whom one [is made] to go out of one's way.'2

99. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - لَمّا سُئل : أيُّ صاحبٍ شرٌّ ؟ - : المُزَيِّنُ لكَ مَعصيةَ اللَّهِ3

99. The Commander of the Faithful (AS) was asked, 'Which is the worst companion?' He replied, 'The one who glamorizes acts of disobedience of Allah to you.'4

Notes

1. نهج البلاغة : الحكمة 479 .

2. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 479

3. معاني الأخبار : 198 / 4 .

4. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 198 , no. 4

38 - اختِبارُ الإخوانِ‏

38 Testing Brothers

100. ر سولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : إذا رأيتَ مِن أخيكَ ثلاثَ خِصالٍ فارْجُهُ : الحياءُ ، والأمانةُ ، والصِّدقُ. وإذا لم تَرَها فلا تَرْجُهُ1

100. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'When you see three traits in your brother, place your hope in him: bashfulness, trustworthiness, and truthfulness. If you do not see them, do not place your hope in him.'2

101. ا لإمام عليٌّ عليه السلام : مَنِ اتّخَذَ أخاً بعدَ حُسْنِ الاختِبارِ دامَتْ صُحْبَتُهُ وتأكّدَتْ مَودّتُهُ مَنِ اتّخَذَ أخاًَ مِن غيرِ اختِبارٍ ألْجَأهُ الاضْطِرارُ إلى‏ مُرافَقَةِ الأشرارِ3

101. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'A man who takes a brother after careful selection is bound to have a lasting companionship and a firm amity, whereas a man who takes a brother without careful testing is bound to resort to the friendship of evil people.'4

102. ا لإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : اختبِرُوا إخْوانَكُم بخَصلَتَينِ؛ فإنْ كانَتا فيهِم وإلّا فاعْزُبْ ثمّ اعزُبْ ثمّ اعزُبْ : محافظةٌ علَى الصّلواتِ في مَواقِيتِها ، والبِرُّ بالإخْوانِ في العُسْر واليُسرِ5

102. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Test your brothers with two things, which they must possess; otherwise avoid them, avoid them, avoid them: observing the prayers at their prescribed times and helping brothers during hardship as well as ease.'6

Notes

1. كنز العمّال : 24755 .

2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 24755

3. غرر الحكم : 8921 ، 8923 .

4. Ghurar al-Hikam, nos. 8921 and 8923

5. الكافي : 2 / 672 / 7 .

6. al-Kafi, v. 2 , p. 672 , no. 7

39 - إرشادُ الإخوانِ‏

39 Advising Brothers

103. ر سولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : المؤمنُ مِرآةٌ لأخيهِ المؤمنِ ، يَنْصَحُهُ إذا غابَ عنه، ويُمِيطُ عنه ما يَكْرهُ إذا شَهِدَ1

103. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'A believer is a mirror for his believing brother; he stays faithful to him in his absence and spares him from what he would hate to see.'2

104. ا لإمام عليٌّ عليه السلام : مَن وَعَظَ أخاهُ سِرّاً فَقَد زانَهُ ، ومَن وعَظَهُ عَلانِيَةً فَقَد شانَهُ3

104. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who advises his brother in private adorns him, and he who advises him publicly degrades him.'4

105. ا لإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : مَن رأى‏ أخاهُ عَلى‏ أمرٍ يَكرَهُهُ فَلم يَرُدَّه عَنهُ وَهُو يَقدِرُ علَيهَ فقد خانَهُ5

105. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'A man who observes bad behavior in his brother without forbidding him from it - whilst he is able to - has indeed betrayed him.'6

(اُنظر) عنوان 391 «الهداية» ، 374 «النصح»

(See also: GUIDANCE 391; ADVISING 374)

Notes

1. بحار الأنوار : 74 / 233 / 29 .

2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 74 , p. 233 , no. 29

3. بحار الأنوار : 74 / 166 / 29 .

4. Ibid. p. 166 , no. 29

5. بحار الأنوار : 75 / 65 / 2 .

6. Ibid. v. 75 , p. 65 , no. 2