The Scale of Wisdom: A Compendium of Shi’a Hadith [Mizan al-Hikmah] (Bilingual Edition) Volume 1

The Scale of Wisdom: A Compendium of Shi’a Hadith [Mizan al-Hikmah] (Bilingual Edition)0%

The Scale of Wisdom: A Compendium of Shi’a Hadith [Mizan al-Hikmah] (Bilingual Edition) Author:
Translator: N. Virjee, A. Kadhim, M. Dasht Bozorgi, Z. Alsalami and A. Virjee
Publisher: ICAS Press
Category: Texts of Hadith
ISBN: 978-1-904063-34-6

The Scale of Wisdom: A Compendium of Shi’a Hadith [Mizan al-Hikmah] (Bilingual Edition)

Author: M. Mohammadi Rayshahri
Translator: N. Virjee, A. Kadhim, M. Dasht Bozorgi, Z. Alsalami and A. Virjee
Publisher: ICAS Press
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ISBN: 978-1-904063-34-6
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The Scale of Wisdom: A Compendium of Shi’a Hadith [Mizan al-Hikmah] (Bilingual Edition)

The Scale of Wisdom: A Compendium of Shi’a Hadith [Mizan al-Hikmah] (Bilingual Edition) Volume 1

Author:
Publisher: ICAS Press
ISBN: 978-1-904063-34-6
English

Note!

The original file was more than 50 MG. So, we split it into 4 sections.

77 - الجهاد ( 2 )

77 JIHAD ( 2 ): The Greater Jihad

382 - أنواعُ الجِهادِ

382 Forms of Jihad

1206. الإمامُ الحسينُ عليه السلام - سُئِلَ عَنِ الجَهادِ: سُنَّةٌ أو فَرِيضةٌ؟ فقالَ عليه السلام - : الجِهادُ على‏ أرْبَعَةِ أوْجُهٍ : فجِهادانِ فَرْضٌ وجِهادُ سُنَّةٍ لا يُقامُ إلّا مَعَ فَرْضٍ وجِهادُ سُنَّةٍ ، فأمّا أحَدُ الفَرْضَيْنِ فجِهادُ الرَّجُلِ نَفْسَهُ عن مَعاصِي اللَّهِ وهو مِنْ أعْظَمِ الجِهادِ وَمُجاهَدَةُ الّذين يَلُونَكُمْ مِنَ الكُفّارِ فَرْضٌ وأمّا الجِهادُ الّذي هو سُنّة لا يُقامُ إلّا مَعَ فَرْض فَإِنَّ مجاهَدَةَ العَدُوِّ فرضٌ على جميع الاُمّة لو تركوا الجهاد لَأَتاهم العَذابُ وهذا هو مِنْ عذابِ الاُمَّةِ وهُوَ سُنَّةٌ عَلَى الإمامِ وحَدُّهُ أنْ يَأتِيَ العَدُوَّ مَعَ الاُمَّةِ فيجاهِدَهم وأمّا الجِهادُ الذي هُوَ سُنّةٌ فكُلُّ سُنّةٍ أقامَها الرَّجُلُ وجاهدَ في إقامَتِها وبُلُوغِها وإحيائِها فَالعَمَلُ والسَّعْيُ فيها مِنْ أفضلِ الأَعْمال لِأنَّها إحياءُ سُنَّةٍ وقَدْ قالَ رسولُ اللَّه صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : «مَنْ سَنَّ سُنَّةً حَسَنَةًفَلَهُ أجْرُها وأجْرُ مَنْ عَمِلَ بِها إلى‏ يَوْمِ القِيامَةِ مِنْ غَيْرِ أن يَنْقُصَ مِنْ أجُورِهِم شَيْئاً»1

1206. Imam al-Husayn (AS) was asked about jihad, as to whether it was a recommended act or an obligatory one, to which he replied, 'Jihad comes in four forms, two of which are obligetory, one of which is recommended but can only be undertaken with an obligation, and one which is recommended. The first obligetory jihad is that which a man wages against his own self in keeping away from acts of disobedience to Allah. This is one of the greatest forms of jihad. Waging jihad against those disbelievers who persecute you is also an obligation. As for the jihad which is recommended but can only be undertaken with an obligation is to fight the enemy, which is an obligation upon the whole community, and which if they abandon, they are all punishable for it. It is a recommendation upon an Imam, the limit of which is to come and face the enemy and fight them with his community. As for the jihad which is recommended, it is [embodied in] every recommended practice which a person performs and strives in its performance, its completion and its revival. Such an act, and the striving to perform it is one of the best deeds because it is a revival of the Prophetic practice, and the Prophet (SAWA) has said, 'Whoever establishes a good habitual practice, he will get his own reward for it as well as the reward of whoever performs it after him until the Day of Resurrection, without any decrease in their reward thereof.'2

1207. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام: جِهادُ المَرأةِ حُسْنُ التَّبَعُّلِ3

1207. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The jihad of a woman is being a good wife to her husband.'4

Notes

1. تحف العقول : 243 .

2. Tuhaf al-Uqul, no. 243

3. الخصال : 620 / 10 .

4. al-Khisal, p. 620 , no. 10

383 - الحَثُّ عَلى‏ جِهادِ النَّفسِ‏

383 Enjoinment of Combatting the Self

1208. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : المُجاهِدُ مَن جَاهَدَ نَفْسَهُ في اللَّهِ1

1208. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The one who truly wages jihad is the one who combats his self for the sake of Allah.'2

1209. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : جِهادُ النَّفْسِ مَهْرُ الجَنّةِ3

1209. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Jihad of the self is the dowry for Paradise.'4

1210. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : رُدَّ عَن نَفْسِكَ عِند الشَّهَواتِ ، وأقِمْها على‏ كِتابِ اللَّهِ عِند الشُّبُهاتِ5

1210. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Prevent your self from fulfilling its desires, and make it hold fast to the Book of Allah during misgivings.'6

1211. الإمامُ الكاظمُ عليه السلام : جاهِدْ نَفْسَكَ لِتَرُدَّها عَن‏هَواها ، فإنَّهُ واجِبٌ علَيكَ كجِهادِ عَدُوِّكَ7

1211. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, 'Combat your self to avert it against its desires, for this is incumbent upon you as fighting your enemy.'8

Notes

1. كنز العمّال : 11261 ؛ تنبيه الخواطر : 1 / 96 .

2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 11261

3. غرر الحكم : 4755 .

4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4755

5. غرر الحكم : 5406 .

6. Ibid. no. 5406

7. تحف العقول : 399 .

8. Tuhaf al-Uqul, no. 399

384 - الجِهادُ الأكبَرُ

384 The Greater Jihad

1212. معاني الأخبار عن الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : إنَّ رسولَ‏اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله بَعثَ سَرِيّةً ، فلَمّا رَجَعوا قالَ: مَرْحَباً بقَومٍ قَضَوُا الجِهادَ الأصْغَرَ وبَقِيَ علَيهِمُ الجِهادُ الأكْبَرُ قيلَ: يا رسولَ اللَّهِ ، وما الجِهادُ الأكْبَرُ ؟ قالَ: جِهادُ النَّفْس وقالَ عليه السلام: أفْضَلُ الجِهادِ مَن جَاهَدَ نَفْسَهُ الّتي بينَ جَنْبَيهِ1

1212. Imam Ali (AS) relates, 'The Prophet (SAWA) dispatched troops [to a mission]. On seeing the returning armies from the battlefront, he said, 'Blessed are those who have performed the lesser jihad, and have yet to perform the greater one.' When asked, 'O Messenger of Allah, what is the greater jihad?' the Prophet replied, 'The jihad of the self', and added, 'The best jihad is that of one who combats his own self that is between his two sides.'2

1213. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : أفْضَلُ الجِهادِ جِهادُ النَّفْسِ عنِ الهَوى‏ ، وفِطامُها عَن لَذّاتِ الدُّنيا3

1213. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The best jihad is combatting one's self against its desires, and weaning it from the pleasures of this world.'4

1214. الإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام : لا فَضيلةَ كالجِهادِ ، ولاجِهادَ كمُجاهَدةِ الهوى‏5

1214. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'There is no greater distinction than jihad, and no jihad like combatting one's self.'6

Notes

1. معاني الأخبار : 160 / 1 .

2. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 160 , no. 1

3. غرر الحكم : 3232 .

4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3232

5. تحف العقول : 286 .

6. Tuhaf al-Uqul, no. 286

385 - ما يَنبَغي في مُجاهَدَةِ النَّفسِ‏

385 What is Necessary for Combatting the Self

1215. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : جاهِدْ نَفْسَكَ عَلى‏ طاعةِ اللَّهِ مُجاهَدةَ العَدُوِّ عَدُوَّهُ ، وغالِبْها مُغالبةَ الضِّدِّ ضِدَّهُ ؛ فإنّ أقْوى‏ النّاسِ مَن قَوِيَ على‏ نَفْسِهِ1

1215. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Struggle against your self in Allah's worship just as one fights one's enemy, and overcome it just as one overcomes one's opponent, for the strongest of people is he who has triumphed over his self.'2

1216. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : امْلِكُوا أنفسَكُم بدوامِ جِهادِها3

1216. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Gain control of your souls through constant self-struggle.'4

Notes

1. غرر الحكم : 4761 .

2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4761

3. غرر الحكم : 2489 .

4. Ibid. no. 2489

386 - ثَمَرَةُ المُجاهَدَةِ

386 The Fruit of Struggle

1217. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : بالمُجاهَدَةِ يُغلَبُ سُوءُ العادَةِ1

1217. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Through constant self-struggle are bad habits overcome.'2

1218. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : جاهِدوا أنفسَكُم على‏ شَهَواتِكُم تَحِلَّ قلوبَكُم الحِكمَةُ3

1218. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Struggle against the desires of your self and wisdom will enter your hearts.'4

1219. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : جاهِدوا أنفسَكُم بقِلَّةِ الطَّعامِ والشَّرابِ ، تُظِلَّكُمُ المَلائكةُ ويَفِرَّ عَنكُمُ الشَّيطانُ5

1219. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Struggle against your selves through reducing food and drink, and the angels will protect you and Satan will flee from you.'6

1220. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : جاهِدْ شَهْوَتَكَ وغالِبْ غَضَبكَ وخالِفْ سُوءَ عادَتِكَ ، تَزْكُ نَفْسُكَ ، ويَكْمُلْ عَقلُكَ ، وتَسْتَكمِلْ ثَوابَ ربِّكَ7

1220. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Struggle against your lower desires, overcome your anger, oppose your bad habits, purify your self, perfect your intellect, and bring to completion the reward that is with your Lord.'8

1221. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : رَدْعُ النَّفْسِ‏وجهادُها عن أهْوِيَتِها يَرفَعُ الدَّرَجاتِ ويُضاعِفُ الحَسَناتِ9

1221. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Controlling the self and combatting with it against its lower desires raises one's stations and multiplies one's rewards.'10

1222. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : بالمُجاهَدَةِ صَلاحُ النَّفْسِ11

1222. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Salvation for the soul is [attained] through self-struggle.'12

Notes

1. تنبيه الخواطر : 2 / 119 .

2. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2 , p. 119

3. تنبيه الخواطر : 2 / 122 .

4. Ibid. v. 2 , p. 122

5. تنبيه الخواطر : 2 / 122 .

6. Ibid.

7. غرر الحكم : 4760 .

8. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4760

9. غرر الحكم : 5407 .

10. Ibid. no. 5407

11. غرر الحكم : 4319 .

12. Ibid. no. 4319

78 - الجهاد ( 3) « الاجتهاد في طاعة اللَّه »

78 JIHAD ( 3 ) Striving To Obey Allah:

387 - الحَثُّ عَلَى الاجتِهادِ في طاعَةِ اللَّهِ‏

387 Encouraging to Strive To Obey Allah

1223. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : علَيكُم بالجِدِّ والاجْتِهادِ، والتّأهُّبِ والاسْتِعدادِ1

1223. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'You must adopt earnestsness, diligence, preparedness and willingness.'2

1224. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : طاعَةُ اللَّهِ سبحانَهُ لا يَحُوزُها إلّامَن بَذَلَ الجِدَّ ، واسْتَفْرَغَ الجُهْدَ3

1224. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Obedience to Allah cannot be attained except by one who possesses earnestness and exerts himself to the utmost.'4

1225. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : اعْلَموا أنَّهُ لَيس بينَ اللَّهِ وبينَ أحَدٍمِن خَلْقِهِ مَلَكٌ مُقَرَّبٌ ولا نَبِيٌّ مُرْسَلٌ ولا مَن دونَ ذلكَ مِن خَلْقِهِ كُلِّهِم إلّا طاعَتُهُم لَهُ، فاجْتَهِدوا في طاعةِ اللَّهِ5

1225. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said 'Know that between Allah and His creation there is no proximal angel, nor prophet, nor anything else [to intervene], except for their obedience to Him. So strive to obey Allah!'6

Notes

1. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 230 .

2. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 230

3. غرر الحكم : 6009 .

4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 6009

5. الكافي : 8 / 11 .

6. al-Kafi, v. 8 p. 7 , no. 11

388 - أشَدُّ النّاسِ اجتِهاداً

388 The Most Diligent of People

1226. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : أشَدُّ النّاسِ اجْتِهاداً مَن تَرَكَ الذُّنوبَ1

1226. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The most diligent of people is he who abandons sins.'2

1227. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : أفْضَلُ الجِهادِ مَن أصْبَحَ لا يَهُمُّ بظُلْمِ أحدٍ3

1227. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The best jihad is performed by one who awakes in the morning with no intention to wrong anyone.'4

1228. الإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام - لمّا قالَ لَهُ رجُلٌ : إنّي ضَعيفُ العَملِ قَليلُ الصّلاةِ قليلُ الصَّومِ ، ولكنْ أرْجو أنْ لا آكُلَ إلّا حَلالاً، ولا أنْكِحَ إلّا حَلالاً - : وأيُّ جِهادٍ أفْضَلُ مِن عِفَّةِ بَطْنٍ وفَرْجٍ؟!5

1228. When someone addressed Imam al-Baqir (AS), saying, 'I am weak in my worship, praying and fasting but a little, though I strive to eat only that which is permissible, and be sexually intimate with only those whom it is permissible', the Imam replied, 'What jihad is there better than restraint of the stomach and the private parts?!'6

Notes

1. الأمالي للصدوق : 73 / 41 .

2. Amali al-Saduq, p. 28 , no. 4

3. المحاسن : 1 / 456 / 1053 .

4. al-Mahasin, v. 1 , p. 456 , no. 1053

5. المحاسن : 1 / 455 / 1052 .

6. Ibid. v. 1 , p. 455 , no. 1052

79 - الجهل‏

79 IGNORANCE

389 - ذَمُّ الجَهلِ‏

389 Reprehension of Ignorance

1229. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الجَهلُ أدْوَأُ الدّاءِ1

1229. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Ignorance is the worst affliction.'2

1230. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الجَهلُ مُمِيتُ الأحْياءِ ومُخَلِّدُ الشَّقاءِ3

1230. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Ignorance is death for the living and perpetuates wretchedness.'4

1231. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الجَهلُ فَسادُ كُلِّ أمْرٍ5

1231. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Ignorance is the ruination of every affair.'6

1232. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الجَهلُ أصْلُ كُلِّ شَرٍّ7

1232. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Ignorance is the root of every evil.'8

1233. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الحِرْصُ والشَّرَهُ والبُخْلُ نَتيجَةُ الجَهلِ9

1233. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Greed, voracity, and stinginess are a result of ignorance.'10

1234. الإمامُ العسكريُّ عليه السلام : الجَهلُ خَصْمٌ11

1234. Imam al-Askari (AS) said, 'Ignorance is an enemy.'12

Notes

1. غرر الحكم : 820 .

2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 820

3. غرر الحكم : 1464 .

4. Ibid. no. 1464

5. غرر الحكم : 930 .

6. Ibid. no. 930

7. غرر الحكم : 819 .

8. Ibid. no. 819

9. غرر الحكم : 1694 .

10. Ibid. no. 1694

11. الدرّة الباهرة : 44 .

12. al-Durra al-Bahira, no. 44

390 - عَلاماتُ الجاهِلِ‏

390 The Signs of an Ignorant

1235. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : إنَّ الجاهِلَ مَن عَصى‏ اللَّهَ وإنْ كانَ جَميلَ المَنظَرِ عَظيمَ الخَطَرِ1

1235. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The ignorant is one who disobeys Allah, even if he is beautiful to look at and of great importance.'2

1236. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : صِفةُ الجاهِلِ : أنْ يَظلِمَ مَن خالَطَهُ ، ويَتَعدّى‏ على‏ منَ هُو دُونَهُ ، ويَتطاوَلَ على‏ مَن هُو فَوقَهُ ، كلامُهُ بغَيرِ تَدَبُّرٍ...3

1236. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The characteristic of an ignorant person is that he oppresses whoever he associates with, acts unjustly towards his subordinates, flatters his superiors, and his speech is without deliberation.'4

1237. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الجاهِلُ لا يَعْرِفُ تَقْصيرَهُ‏ولا يَقبلُ مِن النَّصيحِ لَهُ5

1237. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'An ignorant person does not see his own shortcomings and is not willing to accept any advice given to him.'6

1238. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام: الجاهِلُ مَيِّتٌ وإنْ كانَ حَيّاً.7

1238. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'An ignorant person is dead, even though he is living.'8

1239. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الجاهِلُ مَنِ انْخَدَعَ لِهَواهُ وغُرورِهِ9

1239. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The ignorant is one who has allowed himself to be deceived by his desires and whims.'10

1240. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : لا تَرى‏ الجاهِلَ إلّا مُفْرِطاً أومُفَرِّطاً11

1240. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'You will not see an ignorant person except that he is either committing excess in what he does or falling short of what he ought to do.'12

1241. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : إنَّما الجاهِلُ مَنِ اسْتَعْبَدتْهُ المَطالِبُ13

1241. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The ignorant is one whose desires have enslaved him.'14

1242. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الجاهِلُ عَبدُ شَهْوتِه15

1242. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The ignorant is a slave of his desires.'16

1243. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : عَملُ الجاهِلِ وبَالٌ ، وعِلمُهُ ضلالٌ17

1243. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The deeds of the ignorant are doomed and his knowledge is error.'18

1244. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : إنَّ الجاهِلَ مَن عَدّ نَفسَهُ بما جَهِلَ مِن مَعرفَةِ العِلمِ - عالِماً ، وبِرَأيهِ مُكْتَفياً ، فمَا يَزالُ للعُلماءِ مُباعِداً وعَلَيهِم زارِياً ، ولِمَن خَالفَهُ مُخَطِّئاً ، ولِمَا لَم يَعْرِفْ‏مِن الاُمورِ مُضَلِّلاً ، فإذا وَردَ علَيهِ مِن الاُمورِ ما لَم يَعْرِفْهُ أنْكَرَهُ وكَذّبَ بهِ وقالَ بجَهالَتِهِ : ما أعْرِفُ هذا ! وما أراهُ كانَ ! وما أظُنُّ أنْ يَكونَ ! وأنّى‏ كانَ ؟! وذلكَ لِثِقَتِهِ بِرَأْيِه وقِلَّةِ مَعْرِفَتِهِ بجَهالَتِهِ ! فمَا يَنْفَكُّ بما يَرى‏ مِمّا يَلْتَبِسُ علَيهِ رأيُهُ مِمّا لا يَعْرِفُ للجَهلِ مُسْتَفيداً ، وللحقِّ مُنكِراً ، وفي الجَهالَةِ مُتَحيِّراً ، وعن طَلَبِ العِلمِ مُسْتَكبِراً19

1244. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The ignorant is one who considers himself knowledgeable about what he is [in actual fact] ignorant of, and he is content with his own opinion. He distances himself from the scholars and he is constantly finding fault with them. He deems invalid the views of those who oppose him, and that which he does not understand he sees as fallacious. If he comes across something that he does not know, he denies it and falsifies it, saying out of ignorance, 'I have never heard of this!' or 'I do not see it as possible! or 'How can it be!' or 'Where is this from?' This is due to his confidence in his own opinion and the paucity of his awareness of his own ignorance.

For this reason he will remain attached to his ignorance, and as a consequence, denies the truth, remains confused in his own ignorance and too proud to seek knowledge.'20

1245. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : مِن أخلاقِ الجاهِلِ الإجابَةُ قَبلَ أنْ يَسمَعَ ، والمُعارَضَةُ قَبلَ أنْ يَفْهَمَ، والحُكْمُ بما لا يَعْلَمُ21

1245. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The attributes of the ignorant are that: he answers before listening, objects before understanding, and passes judgment on that which he does not know.'22

1246. الإمامُ الهاديُّ عليه السلام : الجاهِلُ أسِيرُ لِسانِهِ23

1246. Imam al-Hadi (AS) said, 'The ignorant is a prisoner of his tongue.'24

Notes

1. بحار الأنوار : 1 / 160 / 39 .

2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 1 , p. 160 , no. 39

3. تحف العقول : 29 .

4. Tuhaf al-Uqul, no. 29

5. غرر الحكم : 1809 .

6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 1809

7. غرر الحكم : 1125 .

8. Ibid. no. 1125

9. غرر الحكم : 1285 .

10. Ibid. no. 1285

11. نهج البلاغة : الحكمة 70 .

12. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 70

13. غرر الحكم : 3864 .

14. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3864

15. غرر الحكم : 449 .

16. Ibid. no. 449

17. غرر الحكم : 6327 .

18. Ibid. no. 6327

19. تحف العقول : 73 .

20. Tuhaf al-Uqul, no. 73

21. أعلام الدين : 303 .

22. Alam al-Din, no. 303

23. الدرّة الباهرة : 41 .

24. al-Durra al-Bahira, no. 41

391 - أجهَلُ النّاسِ‏

391 The Most Ignorant of People

1247. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : أجْهلُ النّاسِ المُغَترُّ بقَولِ‏مادِحٍ مُتَملِّقٍ، يُحسِّنُ لَهُ القَبيحَ ويُبغِّضُ إلَيهِ النَّصيحَ1

1247. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The most ignorant of people is one who is deluded by the praise of a flatterer who beautifies evil to him and renders a sincere advice detestable.'2

1248. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : غايةُ الجَهلِ تَبَجُّحُ المَرءِ بِجَهْلِهِ3

1248. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The utter extremity of ignorance is for one to glorify his own ignorance.'4

1249. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : أعظَمُ الجَهلِ جَهلُ الإنسانِ أمرَنَفْسِهِ5

1249. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The greatest form of ignorance is for a person to be ignorant of the condition of his own self.'6

Notes

1. غرر الحكم : 3262 .

2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3262

3. غرر الحكم : 6371 .

4. Ibid. no. 6371

5. غرر الحكم : 2936 .

6. Ibid. no. 2936

392 - كَفى‏ بِذلِكَ جَهلاً

392 What is Sufficient to be Considered Ignorant

1250. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : كَفى‏ بالمرءِ جَهلاً أنْ يَرتَكِبَ مانَهى‏ عَنهُ1

1250. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'It suffices for one to be considered ignorant if he commits that which is forbidden.'2

1251. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : حَسْبكَ مِن الجَهلِ أنْ تُعجَبَ بعِلْمِكَ3

1251. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Self-admiration in one's knowledge is sufficient to be considered ignorance.'4

1252. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : كفى‏بالمرءِ جَهلاً أنْ‏يَجْهَلَ قَدْرَهُ5

1252. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'It suffices as ignorance to be unaware of one's status.'6

1253. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : لا تَتَكلّمْ بكُلِّ ما تَعلَمُ فكَفى‏ بذلكَ جَهلاً7

1253. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Do not utter all that you know since that is enough to be considered ignorance.'8

1254. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : كفى‏ بخَشيَةِ اللَّهِ عِلْماً، وكفى‏ بالاغْتِرارِ باللَّهِ جَهْلاً9

1254. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, '[Possessing] fear of Allah suffices as knowledge, and being conceited towards Him suffices as ignorance.'10

Notes

1. مطالب السؤول : 55 .

2. Matalib al-Sa'ul, no. 55

3. الأمالي للطوسي : 56 / 78 .

4. Amali al-Tusi, p. 56 , no. 78

5. غرر الحكم : 7054 .

6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 7050

7. غرر الحكم : 10187 .

8. Ibid. no. 10187

9. بحار الأنوار : 70 / 379 / 26 .

10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 70 , p. 379 , no. 26

393 - تَفسيرُ الجَهلِ‏

393 The Interpretation of Ignorance

1255. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مِن الجَهل أنْ تُظهِرَ كلَّ ما عَلِمْتَ1

1255. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Ignorance is to display all that you know.'2

1256. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الرُّكونُ إلى‏ الدُّنيا مَع ماتُعايِنُ مِنها جَهلٌ3

1256. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Relying on this world in spite of all that you face therein is ignorance.'4

1257. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : رَغْبتُكَ في المُستَحيلِ جَهلٌ5

1257. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Your desire for the impossible is ignorance.'6

1258. الإمامُ الحسنُ عليه السلام - لمّا سألَهُ أبوه عن تفسيرِ الجَهلِ - : سُرعةُ الوُثوبِ علَى الفُرْصةِ قبلَ الاسْتِمْكانِ مِنها ، والامْتِناعُ عنِ الجَوابِ7

1258. Imam al-Hasan (AS), when his father asked him the meaning of ignorance, said, 'It is hastening to snatch up an opportunity before having made oneself capable [of fulfilling it], and it is to refuse to answer.'8

1259. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : الجَهلُ في ثلاثٍ : في تَبدُّلِ الإخْوانِ ، والمُنابَذَةِ بغَيرِ بَيانٍ ، والتَّجَسُّسِ عمّا لا يَعني9

1259. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Ignorance lies in three things: in constantly changing one's brothers, declaring war without a reason, and spying into affairs that do not concern one.'10

1260. الإمامُ العسكريُّ عليه السلام : مِن الجَهلِ الضّحكُ من غيرِ عَجَبٍ11

1260. Imam al-Askari (AS) said, 'Ignorance is to laugh without any reason.'12

Notes

1. تنبيه الخواطر : 2 / 122 .

2. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2 , p. 122

3. نهج البلاغة : الحكمة 384 .

4. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 384

5. غرر الحكم : 5384 .

6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 5384

7. معاني الأخبار : 401 / 62 .

8. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 401 , no. 62

9. تحف العقول : 317 .

10. Tuhaf al-Uqul, no. 317

11. تحف العقول : 487 .

12. Ibid. no. 487

394 - الإنسانُ عَدُوٌّ لِما يَجهَلُ‏

394 Man is Averse To What He is Ignorant of

1261. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : النّاسُ أعْداءُ ما جَهِلوهُ1

1261. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'People are antagonists of what they are ignorant of.'2

1262. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : مَن جَهِلَ شيئاً عابَهُ3

1262. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who is ignorant of something tries to find fault with it.'4

1263. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : قلتُ أرْبَعاً أنزلَ اللَّهُ تعالى‏ تَصديقي بها في كِتابِهِ...قُلتُ : مَن جَهِلَ شيئاً عادَاهُ ، فأنْزلَ اللَّهُ : (بَلْ كَذَّبوا بِما لَم يُحيطوا بِعلْمِهِ)5 .6

1263. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'I have said four things which Allah has verified with verses He has revealed in His Book I said: 'He who is ignorant of something will oppose it', and He revealed:“Rather, they deny that whose knowledge they do not comprehend.” 7 ,8

1264. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : لا تُعادوا ما تَجهَلونَ ؛ فإنَّ أكثرَ العِلمِ فيما لا تَعْرِفونَ9

1264. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Do not oppose that which you are ignorant of; for most knowledge lies in that which you cannot fathom.'10

(اُنظر) العيب : باب 1408

(See also: THE FAULT: section 1408 )

Notes

1. مطالب السؤول : 57 .

2. Matalib al-Sa'ul, no. 57

3. كشف الغمّة : 3 / 137 .

4. Kashf al-Ghamma, v. 3 , p. 137

5. يونس : 39 .

6. الأمالي للطوسي : 494 / 1082 .

7. Qur'an 10 :39

8.1 Amali al-Tusi, p. 494 , no. 1082

9. غرر الحكم : 10246 .

10. Ghurar al-Hikam, no.10246

80 - جهنّم‏

80 HELL

395 - التَّحذِيرُ عَن جَهَنَّمَ‏

395 Warning Against Hell

(إِنَّ جَهَنَّمَ كانَتْ مِرْصَاداً * لِلطّاغِينَ مَآباً)1

“Indeed hell is an ambush, a resort for the rebels.” 2

1265. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام :احذَروا ناراً لَجَبُها عَتيدٌ ، ولَهَبُهاشَديدٌ ، وعَذابُها أبداً جَديدٌ3

1265. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Beware of the Fire whose din is ready, whose flames are fierce, and whose pain is ever fresh.'4

1266. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : نارٌ شديدٌ كَلَبُها ، عالٍ لَجَبُها ، ساطِعٌ لَهَبُها ، مُتأجِّجٌ سَعيرُها ، مُتَغيّظٌ زَفيرُها ، بَعيدٌ خُمودُها ، ذاكٍ وَقودُها ، مُتَخوَّفٌ وَعيدُها5

1266. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The Fire whose rage is fierce, its din is high, its flame is glowing, its blaze is stirring up, its exhalation is furious, its extinction is remote, its fuel is blazing, and its threat is fearful.'6

Notes

1. النبأ : 21 ، 22 .

2. Qur'an 78 :21-22

3. غرر الحكم : 2620 .

4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 2620

5. غرر الحكم : 9995 .

6. Ibid. 9995

396 - وَقودُ جَهَنَّمَ‏

396 The Fuel of Hell

(فَإِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوا وَلَنْ تَفْعَلُوا فَاتَّقُوا النَّارَ الَّتِي وَقُودُهَا النّاسُ وَالْحِجَارَةُ أُعِدَّتْ لِلْكافِرِينَ)1

“And if you do not-and you will not-then fear the Fire whose fuel will be humans and stones, prepared for the faithless.” 2

(وَأَمّا الْقَاسِطُونَ فَكَانُوا لِجَهَنَّمَ حَطَباً)3

“As for the perverse, they will be firewood for hell.” 4

Notes

1. البقرة : 24 .

2. Qur'an 2 :24

3. الجنّ : 15 .

4. Qur'an 2 :15

397 - سَلاسِلُ جَهَنَّمَ وأغلالُها

397 The Chains and Shackles of Hell

(خُذُوهُ فَغُلُّوهُ * ثُمَّ الْجَحِيمَ صَلُّوهُ * ثُمَّ فِي سِلْسِلَةٍ ذَرْعُها سَبْعُونَ ذِرَاعاً فَاسْلُكُوهُ)1

“Seize him, and fetter him! Then put him into hell. Then, in a chain whose length is seventy cubits, bind him.” 2

1267. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام - مِن قَولِ جبرئيلَ عليه السلام لِرسولِ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله - : لو أنَّ حَلْقةً واحِدةً ، من السِّلسِلةِ الّتي طولُها سَبعونَ ذِراعاً ، وُضِعتْ على‏ الدُّنيا لذابَتِ الدُّنيا مِن حَرِّها3

1267. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, relating what Gabriel (AS) once said to the Prophet (SAWA), 'If only one link of the chain whose length is seventy cubits was to be tied down on this world, the world would melt by its heat.'4

Notes

1. الحاقّة : 30 - 32 .

2. Qur'an 69 :30-32

3. بحار الأنوار : 8 / 280 / 1 .

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 8 , p. 280 , no. 1