The Scale of Wisdom: A Compendium of Shi’a Hadith [Mizan al-Hikmah] (Bilingual Edition) Volume 1

The Scale of Wisdom: A Compendium of Shi’a Hadith [Mizan al-Hikmah] (Bilingual Edition)0%

The Scale of Wisdom: A Compendium of Shi’a Hadith [Mizan al-Hikmah] (Bilingual Edition) Author:
Translator: N. Virjee, A. Kadhim, M. Dasht Bozorgi, Z. Alsalami and A. Virjee
Publisher: ICAS Press
Category: Texts of Hadith
ISBN: 978-1-904063-34-6

The Scale of Wisdom: A Compendium of Shi’a Hadith [Mizan al-Hikmah] (Bilingual Edition)

Author: M. Mohammadi Rayshahri
Translator: N. Virjee, A. Kadhim, M. Dasht Bozorgi, Z. Alsalami and A. Virjee
Publisher: ICAS Press
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ISBN: 978-1-904063-34-6
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The Scale of Wisdom: A Compendium of Shi’a Hadith [Mizan al-Hikmah] (Bilingual Edition)

The Scale of Wisdom: A Compendium of Shi’a Hadith [Mizan al-Hikmah] (Bilingual Edition) Volume 1

Author:
Publisher: ICAS Press
ISBN: 978-1-904063-34-6
English

Note!

The original file was more than 50 MG. So, we split it into 4 sections.

Preface

Introduction

1 - الإيثار

1 SELF-SACRIFICE

1 - فَضلُ الإيثارِ

1 The Virtue of Self-Sacrifice

1. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الإِيثارُ أعلَى المَكارِمِ.1

1. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Self-sacrifice is the highest of virtues.'1 2

2. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الإِيثارُ شيمَةُ الأَبرارِ.3

2. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Self-sacrifice is a characteristic of the righteous.'4

3. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الإِيثارُ أحسَنُ الإِحسانِ ، وأعلى‏ مَراتِبِ الإِيمانِ.5

3. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Self-sacrifice is the best kindness and the highest rank of belief.'6

4. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الإِيثارُ أفضَلُ عِبادَةٍ ، وأجَلُّ سِيادَةٍ.7

4. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Self-sacrifice is the best form of worship and the greatest eminence.'8

5. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : أفضَلُ السَّخاءِ الإِيثارُ.9

5. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The best form of generosity is self-sacrifice.'10

6. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : عامِلْ سائرَ النّاسِ بالإنصافِ ، وعامِلِ المؤمنينَ بالإيثارِ.11

6. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Treat all people with fairness, but the believers with self-sacrifice.'12

7. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : غايَةُ المَكارِمِ الإِيثارُ.13

7. Imam Ali (AS) also said, 'The peak of virtues is self-sacrifice.'14

8. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : بِالإِيثارِ يُستَرَقُّ الأَحرارُ.15

8. Imam Ali (AS) also said, 'Through self-sacrifice do free people become enslaved.'16

(اُنظر) الإنفاق: باب 1760 ، 1762

(See also: SPENDING (IN CHARITY ) CHAPTER1760 , 1762 )

Notes

1. غرر الحكم : 986 .

2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 986

3. غرر الحكم : 606 و 882 ، عيون الحكم والمواعظ : ص 23 ح 197 .

4. Ibid. no. 606

5. غرر الحكم : 1705 .

6. Ibid. no. 1705

7. غرر الحكم : 1148 ، عيون الحكم والمواعظ : ص 29 ح 439 .

8. Ibid. no. 1148

9. غرر الحكم : 2888 ، عيون الحكم والمواعظ : ص 111 ح 2405 .

10. Ibid. no. 2888

11. غرر الحكم : 6342 .

12. Ibid. no. 6342

13. غرر الحكم : 6361 .

14. Ibid. no. 6361

15. غرر الحكم : 4187 .

16. Ibid. no. 4187

2 - فَضلُ المُؤثِرينَ‏

2 The Virtue of Altruistic People

(وَالَّذِينَ تَبَوَّءُو الدَّارَ وَ الْإِيمانَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ يُحِبُّونَ مَنْ هَاجَرَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ لَا يَجِدُونَ فِى صُدُورِهِمْ حَاجَةً مِّمَّا أُوتُوا وَ يُؤْثِرُونَ عَلَى‏ أَنفُسِهِمْ وَلَوْ كَانَ بِهِمْ خَصَاصَةٌ وَ مَن يُوقَ شُحَّ نَفْسِهِ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ).1

“[They are as well] for those who were settled in the land and [abided] in faith before them, who love those who migrate toward them, and do not find in their breasts any need for that which is given to them, but prefer [the Immigrants] to themselves, though poverty be their own lot. And those who are saved from their own greed - it is they who are the felicitous.” 2

9. ا لأمالي للطوسي عن أبي هريرة : جاءَ رجُلٌ إلى‏ النّبيِّ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله ، فَشَكا إلَيه الجُوعَ ، فَبَعثَ رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله إلى‏ بُيوتِ أزواجِه فقُلْنَ : ما عندَنا إلّا الماءُ. فقالَ رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَن لِهذا الرّجُلِ اللّيلةَ ؟ فقالَ عليُّ بنُ أبي طالبٍ عليه السلام : أنا له يا رسولَ اللَّهِ. وأتى‏ فاطمةَ عليها السلام فقالَ لها : ما عندَكِ يا ابنةَ رسولِ اللَّهِ ؟ فقالتْ : ما عندَنا إلّا قُوتُ الصبيّة ، لكِنّا نُؤثِرُ ضَيْفَنا ، فقالَ عليه السلام : يا ابنةَ محمّدٍ ، نَوِّمي الصِّبْيَةَ وأطفئي المِصْباحَ. فلَمّا أصْبَحَ عليٌّ عليه السلام غَدا على‏ رسولِ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله فأخبَرهُ الخبَر ، فلَمْ يَبْرَحْ حتّى‏ أنزلَ اللَّهُ‏عزّوجلّ : (ويُؤثِرون ...)3

9. Abu Hurayra narrated, 'A man came to the Prophet (SAWA) and complained to him of hunger, so the Prophet (SAWA) sent a messenger to the homes of his wives, but they said that they had nothing but water. The Prophet (SAWA) asked, 'Who can host this man tonight?' Ali b. Abu Talib (AS) said, 'I will host him, O Messenger of Allah.' He came to Fatima (AS) and asked her, 'What do you have, O daughter of the Prophet?' She said, 'We only have food for tonight, but we would rather give it to our guest.' He (AS) said, 'O Daughter of Muhammad. Take the children to bed and put off the lamp.' The next morning, Ali (AS) came to the Prophet (SAWA) and told him the story. No sooner had he left than Allah, the Exalted, revealed the verse:“...but prefer [others] to themselves...” 4

10. ت نبيه الخواطر عن عائشة : ما شَبِعَ رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله ثَلاثةَ أيّامٍ مُتَواليةٍ حتّى‏ فارَقَ الدُّنيا ولَو شاءَ لَشَبِعَ ، ولكنَّهُ كانَ يُؤْثِرُ على‏ نَفْسِهِ‏5

10. Aisha narrated, 'The Prophet (SAWA) had never spent three consecutive days having eaten to his full until he left this world, although he could have, had he wanted to; but he used to place others before himself.'6

11. م جمع البيان عن أبي الطفيل : اشتَرى‏ عليٌّ عليه السلام ثَوباً ، فأعجَبَهُ فتَصدَّقَ بهِ ، وقالَ : سَمِعتُ رسولَ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله يقولُ : مَن آثرَ على‏ نفسِهِ آثَرهُ اللَّهُ يومَ القيامةِ الجَنّةَ7

11. Abu al-Tufayl narrated, 'Ali (AS) bought a gown, which he liked, but he gave it away in charity. He said, 'I heard the Prophet (SAWA) saying, 'When a person places others before himself, Allah, the Exalted, will places him before others in Paradise on the Day of Resurrection.'8

12. ا لإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام - في قَولِهِ تَعالى‏ : (وَ يُطْعِمُونَ الطَّعَامَ عَلَى‏ حُبِّهِ مِسْكِينًا وَ يَتِيمًا وَ أَسِيرًا) - : كانَ عِندَ فاطِمَةَ عليها السلام شَعيرٌ ، فَجَعَلوهُ عَصيدَةً ، فَلَمّا أنضَجوها ووَضَعوها بَينَ أيديهِم جاءَ مِسكينٌ، فَقالَ المِسكينُ : رَحِمَكُمُ اللَّهُ ! أطعِمونا مِمّا رَزَقَكُمُ اللَّهُ ، فَقامَ عَلِيٌّ عليه السلام فَأَعطاهُ ثُلُثَها. فَما لَبِثَ أن جاءَ يَتيمٌ ، فَقالَ اليَتيمُ : رَحِمَكُمُ اللَّهُ ! أطعِمونا مِمّا رَزَقَكُمُ اللَّهُ ، فَقامَ عَلِيٌّ عليه السلام فَأَعطاهُ ثُلُثَهَا الثّانِيَ. فَما لَبِثَ أن جاءَ أسيرٌ ، فَقالَ الأَسيرُ : يَرحَمُكُمُ اللَّهُ ! أطعِمونا مِمّا رَزَقَكُمُ اللَّهُ ، فَقامَ عَلِيٌّ عليه السلام فَأعطاهُ الثُّلُثَ الباقِيَ ، وما ذاقوها. فَأَنزَلَ اللَّهُ فيهِم هذِهِ الآيَةَ إلى‏ قَولِهِ : (وَ كَانَ سَعْيُكُم مَّشْكُورًا)9

12. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Fatima (AS) had some barley which she made into a sweet paste. When they had finished cooking it and placed it on the table, a poor man came and said, 'May Allah have mercy upon you.' Ali (AS) stood up and gave him a third of it. Soon afterwards, an orphan came and said, 'May Allah have mercy upon you.' Ali (AS) stood up and gave him a third. Soon afterwards, a prisoner of war came and said, 'May Allah have mercy upon you.' So Ali (AS) gave him the last third, and they did not even taste it. So Allah, the Exalted, sent down the Qur'anic verses honouring them, and they apply to every believer who does the same for the sake of Allah, the Exalted.'10

Notes

1. الحشر : 9 .

2. Qur'an 59 :9

3. الأمالي للطوسي : ص 185 ح 309 .

4. Amali al-Tusi, p. 185 , no. 309

5. تنبيه الخواطر : 1 / 172 .

6. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 1 , no. 172

7. مجمع البيان : 2 / 792 .

8. Nur al-Thaqalayn, v. 5 , p. 285 , no. 52

9. تفسير القمّي : 2 / 398 ، مجمع البيان : 10 / 612 نحوه و كلاهما عن عبداللَّه بن ميمون القدّاح ، بحار الأنوار : 35 / 243 / 3 .

10. Ibid. p. 470 , no. 20

2 - الإجارة

2 EMPLOYMENT

3 - الإجارَةُ وَ المَعيشَةُ

3 Employment and Livlihood

(أَهُمْ يَقْسِمُونَ رَحْمَةَ رَبِّكَ نَحْنُ قَسَمْنَا بَيْنَهُمْ مَعِيشَتَهُمْ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَرَفَعْنَا بَعْضَهُمْ فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ دَرَجَاتٍ لِيَتَّخِذَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضاً سُخْرِيّاً وَرَحْمَةُ رَبِّكَ خَيْرٌ مِمّا يَجْمَعُونَ)1

“Is it they who dispense the mercy of your Lord? It is We who have dispensed among them their livelihood in the present life, and raised some of them above others in rank, so that some may take others into service, and your Lord's mercy is better than what they amass.” 2

(قالَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا يَا أَبَتِ اسْتَأْجِرْهُ إِنَّ خَيْرَ مَنِ اسْتَأْجَرْتَ الْقَوِيُّ الْأَمِينُ)3

“One of the two women said, 'Father, hire him. Indeed the best you can hire is a powerful and trustworthy man.” 4

13. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - في قولِهِ تعالى‏ : (نحنُ قَسَمنا بينهم معيشَتهم) - : أخبرَنا سبحانَه أنَّ الإجارةَ أحدُ مَعايشِ الخَلْقِ ، إذ خالفَ بحكمتِهِ بينَ هِمَمِهم وإرادتهِم وسائرِ حالاتِهم ، وجعلَ ذلكَ قِواماً لِمَعايِشِ الخَلْقِ ، وهُو الرّجُلُ يَستأجِرُ الرّجُلَ ولو كانَ الرّجُلُ منّا يُضْطَرُّ إلى‏ أن يكونَ بَنّاءً لنفسهِ أو نَجّاراً أو صانعاً في شي‏ءٍ مِن جميعِ أنواعِ‏الصَّنائعِ لنفسِهِ ما استقامَتْ أحوالُ العالَمِ بتلكَ ، ولا اتّسعُوا لَه ، ولَعَجِزوا عَنهُ ، ولكنّهُ أتْقَنَ تدبيرَهُ لِمخالَفتِهِ بينَ هِمَمِهِم ، وكلُّ ما يُطلَبُ مِمّا تَنصَرِفُ إليهِ همّتُهُ ممّا يَقومُ بهِ بعضُهُم لبعضٍ ، ولِيَستَغنيَ بعضُهُم ببعضٍ في أبوابِ المَعايِشِ الّتي بها صَلاحُ أحوالِهِم5

13. Imam Ali (AS) said about the verse:“It is We who have dispensed among them their livelihood” , 'Allah, the Exalted, told us that employyment is one of the means of people's livelihood. He, in His wisdom, diversified their aspirations, motivations, and other states. Thus, He made man's employment of one another one of the means of people's livelihood If every one of us was forced to build for himself, make his own furniture, and produce everything himself... the world's conditions would not be bearable and people would not be able to endure them, and would find them impossible. But He ensured its management by diversifying their aspirations so that everyone performs for others that which is compatible with his own capacity, in order for some of them to be served by others and for their conditions to be sound.'6

Notes

1. الزخرف : 32 .

2. Qur'an 43 :32

3. القصص : 26 .

4. Qur'an 28 :26

5. وسائل الشيعة : 13 / 244 / 3 .

6. Wasa'il al-Shia, v. 13 , p. 244 , no. 3

4 - كَراهَةُ إجارَةِ النَّفْسِ‏

4 Divine Disapproval of Offering Oneself for Hiring

14. ا لكافي عن عمّارِ السّاباطيِّ : قلتُ لأبي عبدِاللَّهِ عليه السلام : الرّجُلُ يَتّجِرُ ، فإنْ هُو آجَرَ نَفسَهُ اُعطِيَ ما يُصِيبُ في تجارتِهِ ، فقالَ: لا يُؤاجِرْ نفسَهُ، ولكنْ يَسترزِقُ‏اللَّهَ عزّ وجلّ ويَتَّجِرُ، فإنّهُ إذا آجَرَ نفسَهُ حَظَرَ على‏ نفسِهِ الرِّزْقَ1

14. Ammar al-Sabati narrated, 'I asked Abu Abdillah (AS) about a man who trades but he can make the same money by working for someone else. He said, 'He should not work for someone else. Rather, he must seek Allah's bounty and engage in trading, for by working for someone else, he restricts Allah's bounty for him.'2

Notes

1. الكافي : 5 / 90 / 3 .

2. al-Kafi, v. 5 , p. 90 , no. 3

5 - الدَّلَّالُ فِي الإجارَةِ

5 Employment Agents

15. ا لكافي عن محمّدَ بنِ مسلمٍ عن أحدِهِما عليهما السلام : أ نَّهُ سُئلَ عنِ الرَّجُلِ يَتَقبّلُ بالعَمَلِ فلا يَعملُ فيهِ ويَدفَعُهُ إلى‏ آخرَ فيربَحُ فيهِ ، قالَ : لا ، إلّا أن يَكونَ قد عَمِلَ فيهِ‏شَيئاً1

15. Muhammad b. Muslim narrated from one of the Imams (AS), that he was asked about a man who accepts a job and before doing any work, he passes it on to another and profits from it himself; to which he replied, 'No, [it is not allowed] unless he does some work on it.'2

Notes

1. الكافي : 5 / 273 / 1 .

2. Ibid. p. 273 , no. 1

6 - ظُلمُ الأجيرِ

6 Wronging the Worker

16. ر سولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَن ظَلَمَ أجِيراً أجرَهُ أحبَطَ اللَّهُ عَملَهُ وحَرّمَ علَيهِ رِيحَ الجَنّةِ ، وإنّ رِيحَها لَتُوجَدُ مِن مَسيرَةِ خَمسِمائةِ عامٍ1

16. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'A man who wrongs a worker in his wage, will have Allah annul his worship and prevent him from smelling the breeze of Paradise, which can be smelled from a distance of five hundred years.'2

17. ر سولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : ظُلمُ الأجِيرِ أجرَهُ مِن الكبائرِ3

17. The Prophet (AS) said, 'Wronging the worker in his wage is a grave sin.'4

Notes

1. الأمالي للصدوق : 513 / 707 .

2. Amali al-Saduq, p. 347 , no. 1

3. بحار الأنوار : 103 / 170 / 27 .

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 103 , p. 170 , no. 27

7 - إعلامُ الاُجرَةِ وأدَبُ إعطائِها

7 Informing [The Worker] of Wages and the Etiquette of Payment

18. ر سولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : أعطُوا الأجيرَ أجرَهُ قَبلَ أنْ يَجِفَّ عَرَقُهُ ، وأعْلِمْهُ أجرَهُ وهُو في عملِهِ1

18. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Give the worker his wage before his sweat dries up, and inform him of his wage while he is still working.'2

19. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام: نَهى‏ [ رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله‏] أن يُسْتَعمَلَ أجيرٌ حتّى‏ يُعلمَ ما اُجرتُهُ3

19. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The Prophet (SAWA) forbade using the services of a worker before he is informed of his wages.'4

Notes

1. كنز العمّال : 9126 .

2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 9126

3. كتاب من لا يحضره الفقيه : 4 / 10 / 4968 .

4. al-Faqih, v. 4 , p. 10 , no. 4968

3 - الأجل‏

3 THE PREORDAINED TERM [OF DEATH]

8 - الأجَلُ‏

8 The Preordained Term [of Death]

20. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام: خَلَقَ الآجالَ فأطالَها وقَصَّرَها، وقدَّمَها وأخَّرَها ، ووصَلَ بالموتِ أسبابَها1

20. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He [i.e. Allah] created the duration [of every life] and made them short or long; He expedited some and postponed others, and connected their causes with the death.'2

21. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : لا شي‏ءَ أصدقُ مِن الأجلِ3

21. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Nothing is truer than death.'4

22. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : نِعْمَ الدَّواءُ الأجلُ5

22. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'What a good remedy death is!'6

23. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : نَفَس المَرءِ خُطاهُ إلى‏ أجَلِهِ7

23. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'A man's breath is his step towards his death.'8

Notes

1. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 91 .

2. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 91

3. غرر الحكم : 10648 .

4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 10648

5. غرر الحكم : 9905 .

6. Ibid. no. 9905

7. نهج البلاغة : الحكمة 74 .

8. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 74

9 - الأجَلُ حِصْنٌ حَصينٌ‏

9 Death Is A Fortified Castle

(وَما كانَ لِنَفْسٍ أَنْ تَمُوتَ إِلّا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ كِتَاباً مُؤَجَّلاً)1

“No soul may die except by Allah's leave, at an appointed time.” 2

24. ا لإمام عليٌّ عليه السلام : كفى‏ بالأجلِ حارِساً3

24. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Death suffices as a guard.'4

25. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الأجَلُ حِصْنٌ حَصِينٌ5

25. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Death is a fortified castle.'6

Notes

1. آل عمران : 145 .

2. Qur'an 3 :145

3. بحار الأنوار : 5 / 142 / 14 .

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 5 , p. 142 , no. 14

5. غرر الحكم : 494 .

6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 494

10 - لِكُلِّ شَي‏ءٍ أجَلٌ‏

10 Everything Has An End

26. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : إنّ لكلِّ شي‏ءٍ مُدّةً وأجَلاً1

26. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Everything has a fixed duration and an end.'2

27. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : جَعلَ اللَّهُ لكلِّ شي‏ءٍ قَدْراً، ولكلِّ قَدْرٍ أجَلاً3

27. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Allah has made a measure for everything and for every measure an end.'4

Notes

1. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 190 .

2. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 190

3. غرر الحكم : 4778 .

4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4778

11 - لِكُلِّ اُمَّةٍ أجَلٌ‏

11 Every Community Has A [Preordained] End

(وَلِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ أَجَلٌ فَإِذَا جاءَ أَجَلُهُمْ لا يَسْتَأْخِرُونَ ساعَةً وَلا يَسْتَقْدِمُونَ)1

“There is a [preordained] time for every nation: when their time comes, they shall not defer it by a single hour nor shall they advance it.” 2

(وَما أَهْلَكْنا مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ إِلّا وَلَها كِتَابٌ مَعْلُومٌ * ما تَسْبِقُ مِنْ أُمَّةٍ أَجَلَهَا وَما يَسْتَأْخِرُونَ)3

“We did not destroy any town but that it had a known term. No nation can advance its time nor can it defer it.” 4

(اُنظر) النحل : 61 و طه : 129 و العنكبوت : 5 والشورى‏ : 14 و المؤمنون : 43

(See also: Qur'an 16:61, 20:129, 29:5, 42:14, 23:43)

Notes

1. الأعراف : 34 .

2. Qur'an 7 :34

3. الحِجر : 4 ، 5 .

4. Qur'an 15 :4,5

12 - الأجَلُ المُعَلَّقُ وَالأجَلُ المَحتومُ‏

12 Suspended and Sealed Ends

(هُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ طِينٍ ثُمَّ قَضَى‏ أَجَلاً وَأَجَلٌ مُسَمّىً عِنْدَهُ ثُمَّ أَنْتُمْ تَمْتَرُونَ)1

“It is He who created you from clay, then ordained the term [of your life] - the specified term is with Him - and yet you are in doubt.” 2

28. ا لإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام - في تفسيرِ الآيةِ - : الأجلُ الّذي غَيرُ مُسمّى مَوقوفٌ ، يُقدِّمُ مِنه ما شاءَ ، ويؤخِّرُ مِنه ما شاءَ ، وأمّا الأجَلُ المُسمّى‏ فهُوَ الّذي يَنزِلُ مِمّا يُريدُ أنْ يكونَ مِن ليلةِ القَدْرِ إلى‏ مِثلِها مِن قابِلٍ ، فذلك قولُ اللَّهِ: (إذا جَاء أجلُهم لا يستأخِرونَ ساعةً ولا يستقدِمون)3 4

28. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, interpreting the above verse: 'The first - undetermined - term is suspended; He can expedite and postpone it as He wishes. As for the specified term, that is what He destines during the Night of Ordainment (laylat al-qadr) to occur from that night up to the next year's Night of Ordainment; and that is Allah's statement:“when their time comes, they shall not defer it by a single hour nor shall they advance it” .'5

Notes

1. الأنعام : 2 .

2. Qur'an 6 :2

3. الأعراف : 34 .

4. بحار الأنوار : 5 / 139 / 3 وقد جاءت بهذا المعنى روايات اُخرى ، ولكن ينافيها نصُّ خبرِ ابن مُسكان الدّالّ على كون الأجل الأوّل محتوماً والثّاني موقوفاً ، وجَمَع العلّامة المجلسيّ ؛ بين الطّائفتَين بوجه وردَّ العلّامة الطباطبائيّ خبرَ ابن مسكان ، وفسّر الآيةَ طبقاً للرّواية الّتي نقلناها في المتن راجع : بحار الأنوار : 5 / 139 - 140 ، الميزان في تفسير القرآن : 7 / 15 .

5. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 5 , p. 139 , no. 3

13 - ما يَدفَعُ الأجَلَ المُعَلَّقَ‏

13 What Safeguards against the Suspended End

29. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : بالصَّدَقةِ تُفْسَحُ الآجالُ1

29. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'People's terms are extended by charity.'2

30. ا لإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : يَعيشُ النّاسُ بإحسانِهِم أكثرَ مِمّا يَعيشُونَ بأعمارِهِم ، ويَموتُونَ بذُنوبِهِم أكثرَ مِمّا يَموتُونَ بآجالِهِم3

30. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'People live by their goodness towards others more than they do according to their [predestined] life terms; they also die due to their sins more than they die due to the end of their terms.'4

(اُنظر) العُمر : باب 1371

(See also: LIFESPAN: section 1371 )

Notes

1. غرر الحكم : 4239 .

2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4239

3. بحار الأنوار : 5 / 140 / 7 .

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 5 , p. 140 , no. 7

4 - الآخرة

4 THE HEREAFTER

14 - الآخِرَةِ

14 The Hereafter

(مَنَ كَانَ يُرِيدُ حَرْثَ الْآخِرَةِ نَزِدْ لَهُ فِي حَرْثِهِ وَمَنْ كَانَ يُرِيدُ حَرْثَ الدُّنْيَا نُؤْتِهِ مِنْهَا وَمَالَهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مِنْ نَصِيبٍ)1

“Whoever desires the tillage of the Hereafter, We will enhance for him his tillage, and whoever desires the tillage of the world, We will give it to him, but he will have no share in the Hereafter.” 2

31. ا لإمام عليٌّ عليه السلام : الدُّنيا مُنْيةُ الأشْقِياءِ، الآخِرةُ فَوزُ السُّعَداءِ3

31. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'This life is the aspiration of the wretched, and the Hereafter is the victory of the fortunate.'4

32. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : عَلَيْكَ بالآخِرَةِ تأتِكَ الدُّنيا صاغِرةً5

32. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Aim for the Hereafter and this world will submit to you in humility.'6

33. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : إنّ الدُّنيا مُنقَطِعةٌ عنكَ ، والآخِرةَ قريبةٌ منكَ7

33. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'This world is turning away from you and the Hereafter is close to you.'8

Notes

1. الشورى‏ : 20 .

2. Qur'an 42 :20

3. غرر الحكم : 694 و 695 .

4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 294-295

5. غرر الحكم : 6080 .

6. Ibid. no. 6080

7. نهج البلاغة : الكتاب 32 .

8. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 32

15 - عَظَمَةُ ما فِي الآخِرَةِ

15 The Greatness of What Is in the Hereafter

(انْظُرْ كَيْفَ فَضَّلْنا بَعْضَهُمْ عَلَى‏ بَعْضٍ وَلَلْآخِرَةُ أَكْبَرُ دَرَجاتٍ وَأَكْبَرُ تَفْضِيلاً)1

“Observe how We have given some of them an advantage over some others; yet the Hereafter is surely greater in respect of ranks and greater in respect of relative merit.” 2

34. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : كلُّ شي‏ءٍ مِن الدُّنيا سَماعُهُ أعظمُ مِن عِيانهِ، وكلُّ شي‏ءٍ مِن الآخرةِ عِيانُهُ أعظَمُ مِن سَماعِهِ، فَلْيَكْفِكُم مِن العِيانِ السَّماعُ ، ومِن الغَيبِ الخَبَرُ3

34. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Every aspect of this world seems greater upon hearing than when it is seen, and every aspect of the Hereafter is greater when it will be seen than when it is heard about. So be satisfied with the hearing in lieu of the seeing and with the tale in lieu of the concealed. [regarding the Hereafter and the unseen you should be content with what you hear and you are informed of by the prophets].'4

Notes

1. الإسراء : 21 .

2. Qur'an 17 :21

3. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 114 .

4. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 114

16 - الآخِرَةُ دارُ القَرارِ

16 The Hereafter Is the Eternal Home

(يا قَوْمِ إِنَّمَا هذِهِ الْحَيَاةُ الدُّنْيَا مَتَاعٌ وَإِنَّ الْآخِرَةَ هِيَ دَارُ القَرَارِ)1

“O my people! This life of the world is only a [passing] enjoyment, and indeed the Hereafter is the abiding home.” 2

35. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : مَن عَمَّر دارَ إقامتِهِ فهُوَ العاقلُ3

35. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who builds the home of his lasting residence is sensible.'4

36. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الدُّنيا أمَدٌ ، الآخِرَةُ أبَدٌ5

36. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'This life is an epoch whilst the Hereafter is eternity.'6

Notes

1. غافر : 39 .

2. Qur'an 40 :39

3. غرر الحكم : 8298 .

4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 8298

5. غرر الحكم : 4 .

6. Ibid. no. 4

17 - فَضلُ الآخِرَةِ

17 The Superiority of the Hereafter

(قُلْ مَتَاعُ الدُّنْيَا قَلِيلٌ وَالْآخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لِمَنِ اتَّقى‏)1

“Say, 'The enjoyment of this world is little and the Hereafter is better for the Godwary” 2

37. ا لامام عليٌّ عليه السلام : لَيسَ عنِ الآخرةِ عِوَضٌ ، ولَيستِ الدُّنيا للنَّفْسِ بِثَمَنٍ3

37. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There is no compensation for the Hereafter; and this life is not a worthy price for the self.'4

(اُنظر) الدنيا : باب 717

(See also: THE WORLD: section 717)

Notes

1. النساء : 77 .

2. Qur'an 4 :77

3. غرر الحكم : 7502 .

4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 7502

18 - ذِكرُ الآخِرَةِ

18 Remembrance of the Hereafter

38. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : ذِكرُ الآخرةِ دَواءٌ وشِفاءٌ ، ذِكرُ الدُّنيا أدْوَأُ الأدواءِ1

38. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Remembrance of the Hereafter is a remedy and a cure, whilst remembrance of worldly life is the worst disease.'2

39. ا لإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : مَن أكثَرَ مِن ذِكرِ الآخِرةِ قَلَّتْ مَعصيتُهُ3

39. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who increases his remembrance of the Hereafter disobeys [Allah] less often.'4

Notes

1. غرر الحكم : 5175 و 5176 .

2. Ibid. no. 5175-51 76

3. غرر الحكم : 8769 .

4. Ibid. no. 8769

19 - العَمَلُ لِلآخِرَةِ

19 Working for the Hereafter

40. ر سولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : اعمَلْ لِدُنياكَ كأنّكَ تَعيشُ أبداً ، واعمَلْ لآخرتِكَ كأنّكَ تَموتُ غَداً1

40. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Work for your life as though you will live forever, and work for the Hereafter as though you will die tomorrow.'2

41. ر سولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَن أصبَحَ وأمسى‏ والآخِرةُ أكبرُ هَمِّهِ جَعلَ اللَّهُ الغِنى‏ في قلبِهِ، وجَمَع لَه أمرَهُ، ولَم يَخرُج مِن الدُّنيا حتّى‏ يَستكمِلَ رزقَهُ ومَن أصبحَ وأمسَى‏ والدُّنيا أكبرُ هَمِّهِ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ الفَقْرَ بينَ عينَيهِ، وشتَّتَ علَيهِ أمْرَه، ولَم يَنَلْ مِن الدُّنيا إلّا ما قُسِمَ لَهُ3

41. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'He who makes the Hereafter his greatest concern when he wakes up and before he sleeps, Allah instills needlessness in his heart and mends his affairs for him; he will not depart from this life before having collected all his sustenance. But the one who makes this world his greatest concern in his life, Allah instils poverty between his eyes and disbands his affairs; he will not collect from this life more than what was allotted to him.'4

42. ا لامام عليٌّ عليه السلام : لايَنفَعُ العَمَلُ للآخِرَةِ مَعَ الرَّغبَةِ فِي الدُّنيا5

42. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Working for the Hereafter is of no benefit when it is coupled with the desire for this world.'6

Notes

1. تنبيه الخواطر : 2 / 234 .

2. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2 , no. 234

3. بحار الأنوار : 77 / 151 / 104 .

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 77 , p. 151 , no. 104

5. غرر الحكم : 10829 .

6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 10829