Alhassanain(p) Network for Heritage and Islamic Thought

195 - السِّلاح‏

195 WEAPONRY

959 - ثَوابُ صُنعِ الأسلِحَةِ

959 The Reward for Making Weapons

3056. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : إنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّوجلَّ يُدخِلُ بِالسَّهمِ الواحِدِ ثلاثَةَ نَفَرٍ الجَنَّةَ : صانِعَهُ يَحتَسِبُ في صَنعَتِهِ الخَيرَ ، والرامِيَ بهِ ، ومُنبِلَهُ1

3056. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Allah Almighty admits three people into Paradise because of [the casting of] a single arrow [in the path of Allah]: its maker if he intended good in his making of it, its thrower, and he who hands it to him.'2

Notes

1. سنن أبي داوود : 3 / 13 / 2513 .

2. Sunan Abi Dawud, no. 2513

960 - السِّلاحُ والخَيرُ

960 WEAPONRY AND GOODNESS

(وَدَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَوْ تَغْفُلُونَ عَنْ أسْلِحَتِكُم).1

“The faithless are eager that you should be oblivious of your weapons...” 2

3057. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : الخَيرُ كُلُّهُ في‏السَّيفِ وتَحتَ ظِلِّ السَّيفِ ، ولا يُقِيمُ الناسَ إلّا السَّيفُ ، والسُّيُوفُ مَقالِيدُ الجَنَّةِ والنارِ3

3057. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'All goodness lies in the sword and under the shade of the sword. Only the sword can make people rise up, and the swords are the keys to Paradise and Hell.'4

3058. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : الجَنَّةُ تَحتَ ظِلال السُّيُوفِ5

3058. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Paradise lies under the shade of the swords.'6

3059. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : إنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّوجلَّ بَعَثَ رسولَهُ بِالإسلامِ إلى الناسِ عَشرَ سِنِينَ ، فَأبَوا أن يَقبَلُوا حتّى‏ أمَرَهُ بالقِتالِ ، فالخَيرُ في السَّيفِ وتَحتَ السَّيفِ ، والأمرُ يَعُودُ كما بَدَأ7

3059. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Verily Allah, Mighty and Exalted, sent His Messenger to preach Islam to the people for ten years, during which they refused to follow him until Allah commanded him to fight them. So goodness lies with the sword and under the sword, and thus will the state of affairs conclude again [in the end].'8

Notes

1. النساء : 102 .

2. Qur'an 4 :102

3. بحار الأنوار : 100 / 9 / 10 .

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 100 , p. 9 , no. 10

5. كنز العمّال : 10482 .

6. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 10482

7. الكافي : 5 / 7 / 7 .

8. al-Kafi, v. 5 , p. 7 , no. 7

961 - النَّهيُ عَن بَيعِ السِّلاحِ لِأعداءِ الدِّينِ‏

961 PROHIBITION OF SELLING WEAPONS TO ENEMIES OF ISLAM

3060. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله - في وَصِيَّتِهِ لعليٍّ عليه السلام - : يا عَلِيُّ ، كَفَرَ بِاللَّهِ العَظيمِ مِن هَذِهِ الاُمَّةِ عَشرَةٌ : وبائعُ السِّلاحِ مِن أهلِ الحَربِ1

3060. The Prophet (SAWA), in his advice to Imam Ali (AS) said, 'O Ali, ten types of people from this community disbelieve in Allah, the Great: and the one who sells weapons to the enemy.'2

Notes

1. كتاب من لا يحضره الفقيه : 4 / 356 / 5762 .

2. al-Faqih, v. 4 , p. 356 , no. 5762

196 - السُّلطان‏

196 THE RULER (THE SULTAN)

962 - إيّاكم ومُخالَطَةَ السُّلطانِ الجائِرِ

962 BEWARE OF ASSOCIATING WITH A TYRANNICAL RULER

3061. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : إيّاكُم ومُخالَطَةَ السُّلطانِ فإنّهُ ذَهابُ الدِّينِ ، وإيّاكُم ومَعُونَتَهُ فإنّكُم لا تَحمَدُونَ أمرَهُ.1

3061. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Beware of associating with the [unjust] ruler for verily it causes faith to depart. And beware of assisting him for indeed you do not approve of his rule.'2

3062. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَن لَزِمَ السُّلطانَ اُفتُتِنَ ، وما يَزدادُ مِنَ السُّلطانِ قُرباً إلّا ازدادَ مِنَ اللَّهِ بُعداً3

3062. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever adheres to the ruler will be tempted away from the right course, and the closer one gets to the ruler the further away one is from Allah.'4

3063. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله: إيّاكُم وأبوابَ السُّلطانِ وحَواشِيَها؛ فإنَّ أقرَبَكُم مِن أبوابِ السُّلطانِ وحَواشِيها أبعَدُكم مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّوجلَّ ، ومَن آثَرَ السُّلطانَ على‏ اللَّهِ عَزَّوجلَّ أذهَبَ اللَّهُ عَنهُ الوَرَعَ وجَعَلَهُ حَيرانَ5

3063. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Beware of [going near] the ruler's gates and the retinue guarding them, for verily the nearest of you to the gates and retinue of the ruler is the farthest away from Allah, Mighty and Exalted. And whoever chooses the ruler over Allah, Mighty and Exalted, Allah will strip away his piety and will render him bewildered.'6

3064. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : صاحِبُ السُّلطانِ كَراكِبِ الأسَدِ ، يُغبَطُ بمَوقِعِهِ ، وهُو أعلَمُ بِمَوضِعِهِ7

3064. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The one who associates with the ruler is like one who rides a lion - he is envied for his [high] position, and yet only he best knows his [unstable] situation.'8

3065. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : باعِدِ السُّلطانَ لِتَأمَنَ خُدَعَ الشَّيطانِ9

3065. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Keep away from the sultan in order to be safe from the deception of Satan.'10

(اُنظر) الملك : باب 1659

(See also: SOVEREIGNTY: section 1659)

Notes

1. بحار الأنوار : 10 / 368 / 7 .

2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 10 , p. 368 , no. 7

3. بحار الأنوار : 75 / 371 / 13 .

4. Ibid. v. 75 , p. 371 , no. 13

5. بحار الأنوار : 75 / 372 / 19 .

6. Ibid. p. 372 , no. 19

7. نهج البلاغة : الحكمة 263 .

8. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 263

9. بحار الأنوار : 77 / 215 / 1 .

10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 77 , p. 215 , no. 1

963 - ذَمُّ الخُضوعِ لِلسُّلطانِ الجائِرِ

963 DENOUNCING THE SUBSERVIENCE TO A TYRANNICAL RULER

3066. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَن خَفَّ لِسُلطانٍ جائرٍ في حاجَةٍ كانَ قَرِينَهُ في النارِ1

3066. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever yields to a tyrannical ruler in any matter will be his companion in the Fire.'2

3067. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَن مَدَحَ سُلطاناً جائراً وتَخَفَّفَ وتَضَعضَعَ لَهُ طَمَعاً فيهِ ، كانَ قَرِينَهُ إلى النارِ3

3067. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever praises a tyrannical ruler, succumbs to him or humbles himself in front of him in a bid to secure his pleasure, will accompany him to the Fire.'4

3068. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : أيُّما مُؤمِنٍ خَضَعَ‏ لِصاحِبِ سلطانٍ أو مَن يُخالِفُهُ على‏ دِينِهِ طَلَباً لِما في يَدَيهِ ، أخمَلَهُ اللَّهُ ومَقَتَهُ علَيهِ ووَكَلَهُ إلَيهِ ، فإن هُو غَلَبَ عَلى‏ شَي‏ءٍ مِن دُنياهُ وصارَ في يَدِهِ مِنهُ شَي‏ءٌ ، نَزَعَ اللَّهُ البَرَكَةَ مِنهُ5

3068. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Any believer who is subservient to a ruler, or any other person who is going against his faith in his bid to secure the worldly things that they may have in their grasp, Allah will reduce him to obscurity, will be angry with him and will relegate him to them. And whatever he manages to acquire and possess of the worldly things, Allah will strip them of their benediction.'6

(اُنظر) التعظيم : باب 1312

(See also: VENERATION: section 1312)

Notes

1. بحار الأنوار : 76 / 360 / 30 .

2. Ibid. v. 76 , p. 360 , no. 30

3. الأمالي للصدوق : 513 / 707 .

4. Amali al-Saduq, p. 347 , no. 1

5. ثواب الأعمال : 294 .

6. Thawab al-Amal, p. 294

964 - فَضلُ السُّلطانِ العادِلِ‏

964 THE VIRTUE OF A JUST RULER

3069. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : السُّلطانُ العادِلُ المُتَواضِعُ ظِلُّ اللَّهِ ورُمحُهُ في الأرضِ1

3069. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The just and humble ruler is Allah's Shade and His Lance on this earth.'2

3070. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : السُّلطانُ وَزَعَةُ اللَّهِ في أرضِهِ3

3070. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'A [just] ruler is the guard of [the laws of] Allah on His earth.'4

3071. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : إنَّ في سلطانِ اللَّهِ عِصمَةً لأِمرِكُم ، فَأعطُوهُ طاعَتَكُم غَيرَ مُلَوَّمَةٍ (مُتَلَوِّمِينَ) ولا مُستَكرَهٍ بها ، واللَّهِ لَتَفعَلُنَّ أو لَيَنقُلَنَّ اللَّهُ عَنكُم سلطانَ الإسلامِ ، ثُمَّ لا يَنقُلُهُ إلَيكُم أبداً حتّى‏ يَأرِزَ الأمرُ إلى‏ غَيرِكُم5

3071. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Verily a divine authority safeguards your affairs, so offer him such obedience as is neither blameworthy nor reluctant. By Allah, you must do so else Allah will take away the rule of Islam from you, never to return it to you thereafter until it settles with others.'6

(اُنظر) عنوان 13 « الإماره»

(See also: COMMAND 13)

Notes

1. كنز العمّال : 14589 .

2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 14589

3. نهج البلاغة : الحكمة 332 .

4. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 332

5. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 169 .

6. Ibid. Sermon 169

197 - الإسلام‏

197 ISLAM

965 - الإسلامُ دِينُ اللَّهِ‏

965 ISLAM THE RELIGION OF ALLAH

(إنَّ الدِّينَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ الْإسْلامُ).1

“Indeed, with Allah the religion is Islam.” 2

(وَمَنْ يَبْتَغِ غَيرَ الْإِسْلامِ دِيْناً فَلَنْ يُقْبَلَ مِنْهُ وَهُوَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مِنَ الخاسِرِينَ).3

“Should anyone follow a religion other than Islam, it shall never be accepted from him, and he will be among the losers in the Hereafter.” 4

3072. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : الإسلامُ يَعلُو ولا يُعلى‏ علَيهِ5

3072. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Islam excels and cannot be surpassed by anything else.'6

3073. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَن أحسَنَ في الإسلامِ لَم يُؤاخَذْ بما عَمِلَ في الجاهليَّةِ ، ومَن أساءَ في الإسلامِ اُخِذَ بِالأوَّلِ والآخِرِ7

3073. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'He who performs good acts after having embraced Islam will not be punished for anything that he did in his pre-Islamic state, whilst he who continues to commit bad after having embraced Islam will be taken to account for everything from beginning to end.'8

3074. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : لا شَرَفَ أعلى‏ مِنَ الإسلامِ9

3074. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There is no distinction higher than Islam.'10

3075. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : إنّ هذا الإسلامَ دِينُ اللَّهِ الذي اصطَفاهُ لِنفسِهِ ، واصطَنَعَهُ على‏ عَينِهِ ، وأصفاهُ خِيَرَةَ خَلقِهِ ، وأقامَ دَعائمَهُ على‏ مَحَبَّتِهِ ، أذَلَّ الأديانَ بِعِزَّتِهِ ، ووَضَعَ المِلَلَ بِرَفعِهِ11

3075. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Verily this Islam is the religion of Allah, which He has chosen for Himself, which He has developed before His eyes, which He has preferred for the best of all His creatures, and whose pillars he has founded upon His love. He has abased other religions by honouring it and humiliated other creeds before its sublimity.'12

3076. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - في وَصفِ الإسلامِ - : فهُو أبلَجُ المَناهِجِ ، وأوضَحُ (واضِحُ) الوَلائجِ ، مُشرِفُ المَنارِ ، مُشرِقُ الجَوادِّ ، مُضِي‏ءُ المَصابِيحِ13

3076. Imam Ali (AS), in his description of Islam, said, 'It is the brightest of all paths, the clearest of all passages, with towering minarets, brightly lit highways and illuminating lamps.'14

Notes

1. آل عمران : 19 .

2. Qur'an 3 :19

3. آل عمران : 85 .

4. Qur'an 3 :85

5. كتاب من لا يحضره الفقيه : 4 / 334 / 5719 .

6. al-Faqih, v. 4 , p. 334 , no. 5719

7. الكافي : 2 / 461 / 2 .

8. al-Kafi, v. 2 , p. 461 , no. 2

9. نهج البلاغة : الحكمة 371 .

10. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 371

11. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 198 ، اُنظر تمام الخطبة .

12. Ibid. Sermon 198

13. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 106 .

14. Ibid. Sermon 106

966 - مَعنَى الإسلامِ‏

966 THE MEANING OF ISLAM

3077. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : الإسلامُ أن تُسلِمَ قَلبَكَ ويَسلَمَ المُسلمونَ مِن لِسانِكَ ويَدِكَ1

3077. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Islam is that you submit your heart [to Allah], and that all Muslims feels safe from your tongue and your hand.'2

3078. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : الإسلامُ حُسنُ الخُلقِ3

3078. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Islam is good manners.'4

3079. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الإسلامُ هُو التسليمُ ، والتسليمُ هُو اليَقينُ ، واليَقينُ هُو التصديقُ ، والتصديقُ هُو الإقرارُ ، والإقرارُ هُو الأداءُ ، والأداءُ هُو العَملُ5

3079. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Verily Islam is submission, and submission is conviction, and conviction is certification of something, and certification is attestation, and attestation of something is fulfilment of it, and fulfilment is the performance of required acts.'6

3080. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : غايَةُ الإسلامِ التسليمُ ، غايَةُ التسليمِ الفَوزُ بِدارِ النَّعيمِ7

3080. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The ultimate goal of Islam is submission and the ultimate of submission is gaining the blessed abode of Paradise '8

(اُنظر) الإيمان : باب 173

(See also: FAITH: section 173)

Notes

1. كنز العمّال : 17 .

2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 17

3. كنز العمّال : 5225 .

4. Ibid. no. 5225

5. نهج البلاغة : الحكمة 125 .

6. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 125

7. غرر الحكم : ( 6349 - 6350 ) .

8. Ghurar al-Hikam, nos. 6349-63 50

967 - خَصائِصُ المُسلِمِ‏

967 CHARASTERISTICS OF A MUSLIM

3081. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : المُسلمُ أخُو المُسلِم ، لا يَظلِمُهُ ولا يَشتُمُهُ1

3081. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'A Muslim is the brother of a fellow Muslim - he neither wrongs him nor insults him.'2

3082. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : المُسلمُ أخُو المُسلمِ ، لا يَخُونُهُ ولا يَكذِبُهُ ولا يَخذُلُهُ3

3082. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'A Muslim is the brother of a fellow Muslim - he neither betrays him nor lies to him nor deceives him.'4

3083. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : المُسلمُ مِرآةُ المُسلمِ5

3083. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The Muslim is the mirror of a fellow Muslim.'6

3084. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَن أصبَحَ لا يَهتَمُّ بِاُمورِ المُسلمينَ فلَيسَ بمُسلمٍ7

3084. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'He who wakes up in the morning unconcerned about the situations of fellow Muslims is not a Muslim.'8

3085. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : جانِبُوا الخِيانةَ ، فإنّها مُجانَبَةُ الإسلامِ9

3085. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Repel treachery, for verily it repels Islam.'10

3086. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : مَن أعانَ على‏ مُسلمٍ فقد بَرِئَ مِنَ الإسلامِ11

3086. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Whoever aids and abets wrongdoing towards a fellow Muslim is not a Muslim.'12

3087. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : المُسلمُ مَن سَلِمَ الناسُ مِن يَدِهِ ولِسانِهِ ، والمُؤمِنُ مَنِ ائتَمَنَهُ الناسُ على‏ أموالِهِم وأنفُسِهِم13

3087. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'A Muslim is he whose hand and tongue people feel safe from, whilst a believer (mu'min) is he whom people trust with their belongings and their lives.'14

Notes

1. كنز العمّال : 745 .

2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 745

3. كنز العمّال : 747 .

4. Ibid. no. 747

5. كنز العمّال : 742 .

6. Ibid. no. 742

7. الكافي : 2 / 163 / 1 .

8. al-Kafi, v. 2 , p. 163 , no. 1

9. غرر الحكم : 4742 .

10. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4742

11. غرر الحكم : 9220 .

12. Ibid. no. 922

13. معاني الأخبار : 239 / 1 .

14. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 239 , no. 1

968 - قَواعِدُ الإسلامِ‏

968 FUNDAMENTALS OF ISLAM

3088. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : الإسلامُ عُريانٌ ؛ فَلِباسُهُ الحَياءُ ، وزِينَتُهُ الوَفاءُ ، ومُرُوءَتُهُ العَمَلُ الصالِحُ ، وعِمادُهُ الوَرَعُ ، ولِكُلِّ شَي‏ءٍ أساسٌ وأساسُ الإسلامِ حُبُّنا أهلَ البَيتِ1

3088. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Islam is naked, and its clothing is modesty, its adornment loyalty, its valour good deeds, and its pillars piety. Everything has a foundation, and the foundation of Islam is the love for us, the ahl al-bayt (the household of the Prophet).'2

3089. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : أساسُ الإسلامِ حُبّي وحُبُّ أهلِ بَيتِي3

3089. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The foundation of Islam is love for me and love for my household.'4

3090. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : قَواعِدُ الإسلامِ سَبعٌ : فَاُولَها العَقلُ وعلَيهِ بُنِيَ الصَّبرُ ، والثانيّة : صَونُ العِرضِ وصِدقُ اللَّهجَةِ ، والثالِثَةُ : تِلاوَةُ القُرآنِ على‏ جِهَتِهِ ، والرابِعَةُ : الحُبُّ في اللَّهِ والبُغضُ في اللَّهِ ، والخامِسةُ : حَقُّ آلِ محمّدٍ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله ومَعرِفَةُ وَلايَتِهِم ، والسادِسَةُ : حَقُّ الإخوانِ والمُحاماةُ علَيهِم ، والسّابِعَةُ : مُجاوَرَةُ الناسِ بالحُسنى‏5

3090. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Islam has seven fundamentals: the first is reason, on which perseverance is founded. The second is maintenance of one's honour and honest speech. The third is proper recitation of the Qur'an. The fourth is to love for the sake of Allah and to hate for the sake of Allah. The fifth is the right due to the household of the Prophet (SAWA) and their guardianship. The sixth is the right of one's fellow brothers and their protection. The seventh is close contact with people through fair means.'6

3091. الإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام: بُنِيَ الإسلامُ على‏ خَمسَ دَعائمَ : إقامِ الصَّلاةِ ، وإيتاءِ الزَّكاةِ ، وصَومِ شَهرِ رَمَضانَ ، وحَجِّ البَيتِ الحَرامِ ، والوَلايَةِ لَنا أهلَ البَيتِ7

3091. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Islam has been founded on five pillars: the establishment of prayer, the giving of the alms-tax, the fast of the month of Ramadan, the pilgrimage to the Sanctified House, and [the acknowledgment of] our guardianship, the Ahl al-bayt.'8

3092. الإمامُ الرِّضا عليه السلام : إنَّ الإمامَةَ اُسُّ الإسلامِ النامي ، وفَرعُهُ السامي9

3092. Imam al-Rida (AS) said, 'Verily Imama (divinely appointed leadership of the twelve Imams) is the ever-growing root of Islam as well as its lofty branch.'10

Notes

1. المحاسن : 1 / 445 / 1031 .

2. al-Mahasin, v. 1 , p. 445 , no. 1031

3. كنز العمّال : 37631 .

4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 37631

5. تحف العقول : 196 .

6. Tuhaf al-Uqul, no. 196

7. الأمالي للمفيد : 353 / 4 .

8. Amali al-Mufid, p. 353 , no. 4

9. الكافي : 1 / 200 / 1 .

10. al-Kafi, v. 1 , p. 200 , no. 1

198 - السَّلام‏

198 GREETING OF PEACE (SALAM)

969 - تَحِيَّةُ المُسلِمينَ‏

969 THE GREETING BETWEEN MUSLIMS

(دَعْواهُم فِيها سُبْحانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ وَتَحِيَّتُهُمْ فِيْها سَلَامٌ وَآخِرُ دَعْواهُمْ أنِ الحَمْدُ للَّهِ‏ِ رَبِّ العالَمِينَ).1

“Their call therein will be, 'O Allah! Immaculate are You!' and their greeting therein will be, 'Peace!' and their concluding call, 'All praise belongs to Allah, the Lord of the worlds.'2

(اُنظر) النساء: 86 ، هود: 69 ، الحجر: 52 ، النحل: 32 ، مريم: 47 ، 62 ، النور: 61 ، الفرقان: 63 ، 75 ، الأحزاب: 44 ، الذاريات: 25 ، الواقعة: 26

(See also: Qur'an 4:86, 11:69, 15:52, 16:32, 19:47, 24:61, 25:63, 25:75, 33:44, 51:25, 56:26)

3093. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : السَّلامُ تَحِيَّةٌ لِمِلَّتِنا ، وأمانٌ لِذِمَّتِنا3

3093. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The salutation of peace is the greeting towards members of our own creed, and an extension of safety towards people of other creeds living in Muslim lands.'4

3094. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله: إنَّ أبخَلَ الناسِ مَن بَخِلَ بِالسلامِ5

3094. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The most miserly of all people is he who withholds his greeting.'6

3095. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : أفشِ السلامَ يَكثُر خَيرُ بَيتِكَ.7

3095. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Spread peace (greetings) around and the good within your own house will increase.'8

3096. الإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام : إنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ إطعامَ الطَّعامِ ، وإفشاءَ السَّلامِ9

3096. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Verily Allah loves the feeding of food [to others] and the spreading of peace [greetings].'10

3097. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : السَّلامُ قَبلَ الكلامِ11

3097. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The greeting of peace comes before speech.'12

3098. الخصالُ عَن إسماعيلَ بن أبي زيادٍ عَن أبي عبد اللَّه عليه السلام ، عن آبائه عليهم السلام : قالَ رسولُ‏اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَن بَدَأ بِالكَلامِ قَبلَ السلامِ فلا تُجِيبُوهُ وقالَ عليه السلام: لا تَدعُ إلى‏ طَعامِكَ أحَداً حتّى يُسَلِّمَ13

3098. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) narrated from his forefathers (AS) that the Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Do not answer the one who begins to talk before having greeted you with peace', and he (AS) said, 'Do not allow anybody to partake of your food until they have greeted with peace.'14

Notes

1. يونس : 10 .

2. Qur'an 10 :10

3. كنز العمّال : 25242 .

4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 25242

5. الأمالي للطوسي : 89 / 136 .

6. Amali al-Tusi, p. 89 , no. 136

7. الخصال : 181 / 246 .

8. al-Khisal, p. 181 , no. 246

9. المحاسن : 2 / 143 / 1371 .

10. al-Mahasin, v. 2 , p. 143 , no. 1371

11. جامع الأخبار : 231 / 596 .

12. Jami al-Akhbar, p. 231 , no. 596

13. الخصال : 19 / 67 .

14. al-Khisal, p. 19 , no. 67

970 - فَضلُ الابتِداءِ بِالسَّلامِ‏

970 THE VIRTUE OF INITIATING THE GREETING

3099. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : إنَّ أولَى الناسِ بِاللَّهِ وبرسولِهِ مَن بَدَأ بِالسلامِ1

3099. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Verily the nearest people to Allah and His Messenger are those who initiate the greeting of peace.'2

3100. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله: البادِئُ بِالسلامِ بَرِي‏ءٌ مِنَ الكِبرِ3

3100. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The initiator of the greeting is not prone to arrogance.'4

3101. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : السلامُ سَبعونَ حَسَنةً ، تِسعَةٌ وسِتُّونَ لِلمُبتَدي وواحِدَةٌ لِلرّادِّ5

3101. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The greeting is rewarded the worth of seventy good deeds, sixty-nine of which are rewarded to the initiator and one to the reciprocator [of the greeting].'6

Notes

1. بحار الأنوار : 76 / 12 / 50 .

2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 76 , p. 12 , no. 50

3. كنز العمّال : 25265 .

4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 25265

5. بحار الأنوار : 76 / 11 / 46 .

6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 76 , p. 11 , no. 46

971 - الحَثُّ عَلى التَّسليمِ عِندَ دُخولِ البَيتِ‏

971 ENJOINMENT OF GREETING UPON ENTERING ONE'S HOUSE

(فَإذَا دَخَلْتُم بُيُوتَاً فَسَلِّمُوا عَلَى‏ أنْفُسِكُم تَحِيَّةً مِن عِندِ اللَّهِ مُبارَكَةً طَيِّبَةً).1

“So when you enter houses, greet yourselves with a salutation from Allah, blessed and good.” 2

3102. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : إذا دَخَلَ أحَدُكُم بَيتَهُ فَلْيُسَلِّمْ ؛ فإنَّهُ يَنزِلُهُ البَركَةُ ، وتُؤنِسُهُ الملائكةُ3

3102. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'When anyone of you enters his own house, he should greet with peace, for verily it brings down benediction, and angels come to keep him company.'4

Notes

1. النور : 61 .

2. Qur'an 24 :61

3. بحار الأنوار : 76 / 7 / 25 .

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 76 , p. 7 , no. 25

972 - وُجوبُ رَدِّ السَّلامِ‏

972 THE OBLIGATION OF RETURNING A GREETING

(وَإذا حُيِّيْتُمْ بِتَحِيَّةٍ فَحَيُّوا بِأحْسَنَ مِنْها أوْ رُدُّوها إنَّ اللَّهَ كانَ عَلَى‏ كُلِّ شَي‏ءٍ حَسِيباً).1

“When you are greeted with a salute, greet with a better one than it, or return it; indeed Allah takes account of all things.” 2

3103. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : السلامُ تَطَوُّعٌ ، والرَّدُّ فَريضَةٌ.3

3103. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Greeting with peace is a voluntary act whereas returning it is an obligation.'4

Notes

1. النساء : 86 .

2. Qur'an 4 :86

3. كنز العمّال : 25294 .

4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 25294

973 - أدَبُ السَّلامِ‏

973 THE ETIQUETTE OF GREETING

3104. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله: يُسَلِّمُ الصغيرُ عَلى الكبيرِ، ويُسَلِّمُ الواحِدُ على‏ الاثنَينِ ، ويُسَلِّمُ القَليلُ على‏ الكثيرِ ، ويُسَلِّمُ الراكِبُ على‏ الماشي ، ويُسَلِّمُ المارُّ على‏ القائمِ ، ويُسَلِّمُ القائمُ على‏ القاعِدِ1

3104. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The young should greet the old, a single individual should greet two together, the fewer number of people should greet the larger number, the person on horseback should greet the one on foot, the person walking should greet the one standing, and the person standing should greet the one sitting.'2

3105. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : خَمسٌ لا أدَعُهُنَّ حَتّى المَماتِ: والتَّسليمُ على‏ الصِّبيانِ لِتَكونَ سُنَّةً مِن بَعدي3

3105. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'There are five things that I will never leave until death: and greeting the young, in order that it may remain a practice after me.'4

3106. الإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام : لا تُسَلِّمُوا على‏ مَوائدِ شُرّابِ الخَمرِ ، ولا على‏ صاحِبِ الشَّطرَنجِ والنَّردِ ، ولا على‏ المُخَنَّثِ ، ولا على‏ الشاعِرِ الذي يَقذِفُ المُحصَناتِ ، ولا على‏ المُصَلِّي ؛ وذلكَ لأنَّ المُصَلِّيَ لايَستَطيعُ أن يَرُدَّ السلامَ ، لأنَّ التَّسليمَ مِنَ المُسَلِّمِ تَطَوُّعٌ والرَّدَّ علَيهِ فَريضَةٌ ، ولا على‏ آكِلِ الرِّبا ، ولا على‏ رَجُلٍ جالِسٍ على‏ غائطٍ ، ولا على الذي في الحَمّامِ ، ولا على‏ الفاسِقِ المُعلِنِ بِفِسقِهِ5

3106. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Do not extend the greeting of peace and to to those who drink alcohol, nor to chess and dice players, nor to an effeminate person, nor to a poet who slanders chaste women of fornication, and nor to someone performing his prayer - and that is because the person praying cannot return the greeting, for verily the initiation of the greeting on the part of the greeter is voluntary whereas returning the greeting is obligatory. Nor [greet] the usurer, nor someone who is sitting in the lavatory, nor someone taking a bath, and nor an outrightly corrupt person who openly commits immoral acts.'6

3107. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : كانَ رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله يُسَلِّمُ عَلَى النِّساءِ ويَردُدْنَ علَيهِ ، وكانَ أميرُ المؤمنينَ عليه السلام يُسَلِّمُ على‏ النِّساءِ ، وكانَ يَكرَهُ أن يُسَلِّمَ على‏ الشّابَّةِ مِنهُنَّ ، ويقولُ : أتَخَوَّفُ أن يُعجِبَني صَوتُها فَيَدخُلَ عَلَيَّ أكثَرُ ممّا طَلَبتُ مِنَ الأجرِ7

3107. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) narrated, 'The Prophet (SAWA) used to greet women and they used to return his greeting. The Commander of the Faithful (AS) also used to greet women, but he used to dislike greeting young [unmarried] girls and used to say, 'I fear lest their voices may be pleasing to me, whence I would end up with more [consequence] than the reward I anticipated [from the greeting].'8

Notes

1. كنز العمّال : 25321 .

2. Ibid. no. 25321

3. بحار الأنوار : 76 / 10 / 38 .

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 76 , p. 10 , no. 38

5. بحار الأنوار : 76 / 9 / 35 .

6. Ibid. p. 9 , no. 35

7. الكافي : 5 / 535 / 3 .

8. al-Kafi, v. 5 , p. 535 , no. 3