Alhassanain(p) Network for Heritage and Islamic Thought

246 - المُستضعف‏

246. THE ABASED PEOPLE

1

1164 - المُستَضعَفون‏

1164. THE ABASED PEOPLE

3743. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : ألا اُخبِرُكُم بِشَرِّ عِبادِ اللَّهِ ؟ الفَظُّ المُتَكبِّرُ، ألا اُخبِرُكم بخَيرِ عِبادِ اللَّهِ ؟ الضَّعيفُ المُستَضعَفُ2

3743. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Shall I inform you of the worst of Allah’s servants? It is the rude and arrogant person. And shall I inform you of the best of Allah’s servants? It is the weak, abased person.’3

3744. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : أبغُونِي في الضُّعَفاءِ، فإنّما تُرزَقُونَ وتُنصَرُونَ بضُعَفائكُم4

3744. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Assist me in seeking out the weak people, for verily you are given sustenance and succour only because of the presence of the weak among you.’5

3745. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : إنّما يَنصُرُ اللَّهُ هذهِ الاُمَّةَ بضَعِيفِها، بِدَعوَتِهِم وصَلاتِهم وإخلاصِهِم.6

3745. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Verily Allah gives succour to this community only as a result of [the presence of] the weak among them, their supplication, their prayer and their sincerity.’7

Notes

1. al-Mustadafin: people who are abased, deemed weak, or downtrodden by others. People who are spiritually ‘weak’ are those who are unable or exempt from carrying out religious obligations due to mental or physical incapacity (ed.)

2. كنز العمّال : 5944

3. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 5944

4. كنز العمّال : 6019

5. Ibid. no. 6019

6. الدرّ المنثور : 2 / 724

7. al-Durr al-Manthur, v. 2, p. 724

1165 - دَولَةُ المُستَضعَفينِ‏

1165. THE RETURN OF POWER TO THE ABASED PEOPLE

( وَنُرِيدُ أنْ نَمُنَّ عَلَى الَّذِينَ اسْتُضْعِفُوا فِي الْأرْضِ وَنَجْعَلَهُمْ أئِمَّةً وَنَجْعَلَهُمُ‏الوارِثِينَ).1

“And we desired to show favour to those who were abased in the land, and to make them Imams, and to make them the heirs, and to establish them in the land.” 2

3746. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - في قولِهِ تعالى‏ : (ونُريدُ أنْ نَمُنَّ على الّذينَ اسْتُضْعِفُوا...) - : هُم آلُ محمّدٍ، يَبعَثُ اللَّهُ مَهدِيَّهُم بَعد جَهدِهِم، فَيُعِزُّهُم ويُذِلُّ عَدُوَّهُم3

3746. Imam Ali (AS), with regards to the Qur’anic verse:“And we desired to show favour to those who were abased…” said, ‘This refers to the progeny of Muhammad. Allah will send them their rightly guided Saviour [the Mahdi] after their struggle, and he will raise their status and abase their enemy.’4

Notes

1. القصص : 5

2. Qur’an 28 :5

3. الغيبة للطوسي : 184 / 143

4. al Ghaibah al-Tusi p 184 no 143 an alsoNur al-Thaqalayn, v. 4, p. 110

1166 - الاِستِضعافُ المَعنَويُ‏

1166. SPIRITUAL WEAKNESS

( إلّا المُسْتَضعَفِينَ مِنَ الرِّجالِ وَالنِّساءِ وَالوِلْدانِ لا يَسْتَطِيْعُونَ حِيْلَةً وَلا يَهْتَدُونَ سَبِيْلاً * فَأُولئِكَ عَسَى اللَّهُ أنْ يَعْفُوَ عَنْهُم وَكانَ اللَّهُ عَفُوَّاً غَفُوراً).1

“Except the ones who are deemed weak among men, women and children, who have neither access to any means nor are guided to any way. Maybe Allah will excuse them, for Allah is all-excusing, all-forgiving.” 2

3747. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : لا يَقَعُ اسمُ الاستِضعافِ على‏ مَن بَلَغَتهُ الحُجَّةُ فَسَمِعَتها اُذُنُهُ ووَعاها قَلبُهُ3

3747. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The term ‘weak’ cannot be applied to those whom the divine proof has reached, whose ears have heard it and whose hearts have heeded it.’4

3748. الإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام - في قولِهِ تعالى‏ : (إلّا المُستَضعَفِين ...) - : هُو الذي لا يَستَطيعُ الكُفرَ فَيَكفُرَ ولا يَهتَدِي سَبيلَ الإيمانِ فَيُؤمِنَ، و الصِّبيانُ ، ومَن كانَ مِن الرِّجالِ والنِّساءِ على‏ مِثلِ عُقولِ الصِّبيانِ مَرفوعٌ عَنهُمُ القَلَمُ5

3748. Imam al-Baqir (AS), with regards to the Qur’anic verse:“Except the ones who are deemed weak…” , said, ‘This refers to one who is not capable of disbelieving that he may be considered a disbeliever, though neither has he been guided the path of faith that he may have faith. [It also refers to] children, and those people from among men and women who have intellects of children and who are therefore not accountable for their deeds.’6

3749. الإمامُ الكاظمُ عليه السلام : الضَّعيفُ مَن لَم يُرفَعْ إلَيهِ حُجّةٌ، ولَم يَعرِفِ الاختِلافَ، فإذا عَرَفَ الاختِلافَ فليسَ بضَعيفٍ7

3749. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, ‘The [spiritually] weak person is one whom the divine proof has not reached, and who would not be able to differentiate [even if it did reach him]. If he is able to differentiate [between truth and falsehood] therefore, then he is not considered weak.’8

Notes

1. النساء : 98، 99

2. Qur’an 4 :98,99

3. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 189

4. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 189

5. معاني الأخبار : 201 / 4

6. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 201, no. 4

7. الكافي : 8 / 125 / 95

8. al-Kafi, v. 8, p. 125, no. 95

247 - الضَّلالة

247. STRAYING FROM THE STRAIGHT PATH

1167 - موجِباتُ الضَّلَالَةِ

1167. FACTORS THAT CAUSE ONE TO STRAY (FROM THE STRAIGHT PATH)

( وَمَنْ يَتَبَدَّلِ الكُفْرَ بِالْإيْمانِ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ سَواءَ السَّبِيلِ).1

“Whoever changes faith for unfaith certainly strays from the right way.” 2

( وَمَنْ يَكْفُرْ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَاليَوْمِ الآخِرِ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ ضَلالاً بَعِيْداً).3

“Whoever disbelieves in Allah and His angels, His Books and His apostles and the Last Day, has certainly strayed in far error.” 4

( وَمَنْ يَعْصِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ ضَلالاً مُبِيْناً).5

“And whoever disobeys Allah and His Apostle has certainly strayed in manifest error.” 6

( أفَرَأيْتَ مَنِ اتَّخَذَ إِلهَهُ هَواهُ وَأضَلَّهُ اللَّهُ عَلَى عِلمٍ وَخَتَمَ عَلَى سَمْعِهِ وَقَلْبِهِ وَجَعَلَ عَلَى بَصَرِهِ غِشاوَةً فَمَنْ يَهْدِيهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ اللَّهِ أفَلَا تَذَكَّرُونَ).7

“Have you seen him who has taken his desire to be his god and whom Allah has led astray knowingly, and set a seal upon his hearing and his heart, and drawn a blind on his sight? So who will guide him after Allah? Will you not then take admonition?” 8

3750. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : لِكُلِّ ضَلَّةٍ عِلَّةٌ، ولِكُلِّ ناكِثٍ شُبهَةٌ9

3750. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘For every misguidance there is a cause, and behind every disloyal act is an obscurity.’10

3751. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : ألَا وإنّ شَرائعَ الدِّينِ واحِدَةٌ، وسُبُلَهُ قاصِدَةٌ، مَن أخَذَ بها لَحِقَ وغَنِمَ، ومَن وَقَفَ عَنها ضَلَّ ونَدِمَ11

3751. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Know that indeed the paths to religion are one, and its courses lead straight ahead. Whoever follows them attains the objective, and whoever stops, moving away from them, strays and ends up regretful.’12

3752. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : اُنظُرُوا أهلَ بَيتِ نَبِيِّكُم فَالْزَمُوا سَمْتَهُم لا تَسبِقُوهُم فَتَضِلُّوا، ولا تَتَأخَّرُوا عَنهُم فَتَهلِكُوا13

3752. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Look at the household of your Prophet and adhere to their direction…Do not overtake them, for then you will stray, nor lag behind them lest you fall into ruin.’14

3753. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : مَن يَطلُبِ الهِدايَةَ مِن غَيرِ أهلِها يَضِلَّ15

3753. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘He who seeks guidance from the wrong source goes astray.’16

(اُنظر) الهداية : باب 1796

(See also: GUIDANCE: section 1796)

Notes

1. البقرة : 108

2. Qur’an 2 :108

3. النساء : 136

4. Qur’an 4 :136

5. الأحزاب : 36

6. Qur’an 33 :36

7. الجاثية : 23

8. Qur’an 45 :23

9. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 148

10. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 148

11. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 120

12. Ibid. Sermon 142

13. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 97

14. Ibid. Sermon 97

15. غرر الحكم : 8501

16. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 7501

1168 - المُضِلُّونَ‏

1168. THOSE WHO LEAD OTHERS ASTRAY

3754. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : إنَّ شَرَّ الناسِ عندَ اللَّهِ إمامٌ جائرٌ ضَلَّ وضُلَّ بهِ، فَأماتَ سُنَّةً مأخوذَةً (مَعلومَةً)، وأحيا بِدعَةً مَتروكَةً1

3754. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Verily the most evil of people in the sight of Allah is the tyrannical leader who himself has gone astray and through whom others go astray. He abolishes established practices and revives abandonned innovations.’2

3755. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : إنّ أبغَضَ الخَلائقِ إلى اللَّهِ رَجُلانِ : رَجُلٌ وَكَلَهُ اللَّهُ إلى‏ نَفسِهِ، فهُو جائرٌ عَن قَصدِ السَّبيلِ، مَشغوفٌ بكَلامِ بِدعَةٍ ودُعاءِ ضَلالَةٍ، فهُو فِتنَةٌ لِمَنِ افتُتِنَ بهِ، ضالٌّ عن هَديِ مَن كانَ قَبلَهُ، مُضِلٌّ لِمَنِ اقتَدى‏ بهِ في حَياتِهِ وبعدَ وَفاتِهِ، حَمّالُ خَطايا غَيرِهِ، رَهنٌ (رَهِينٌ) بخَطيئَتهِ3

3755. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Verily the most detested of all people in the sight of Allah are two: the man whom Allah has relegated to his own carnal self, so he has deviated from the straight path and is passionately fond of talking about innovations and misguiding others towards the wrong path. He tempts those who are charmed by him. He himself has strayed away from the guidance of his predecessors, and misleads those who follow him during his life as well as after his death. He carries the burden of others’ sins and is entangled in his own misdeeds…’4

3756. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - في صِفةِ المنافقينَ - : اُحَذِّرُكُم أهلَ النِّفاقِ؛ فإنّهُمُ الضالُّونَ المُضِلُّونَ، والزّالُّونَ المُزِلُّونَ5

3756. Imam Ali (AS) said in his description of the hypocrites, ‘I warn you against the hypocrites, for verily they are themselves misguided and they misguide other people. They have slipped and they cause others to slip too.’6

(اُنظر) الهداية : باب 1797

(See also: GUIDANCE: section 1797)

Notes

1. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 164

2. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 164

3. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 17، اُنظر تمام الكلام

4. Ibid. Sermon 17

5. نهج‏البلاغة : الخطبة194

6. Ibid. Sermon 194

1169 - هادِمُ أركانِ الضَّلالَةِ

1169. THAT WHICH DESTROYS THE PILLARS OF MISGUIDANCE

3757. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام: استَعِينُوا بهِ [أي بالقرآنِ ]على‏ لأَْوائكُم؛ فإنَّ فيهِ شِفاءً مِن أكبَرِ الداءِ، وهُو الكُفرُ والنِّفاقُ، والغَيُّ والضَّلالُ1

3757. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Seek its assistance [i.e. the Qur’an’s] in your distress, for verily it contains the cure for the deadliest diseases, namely disbelief and hypocrisy, revolt and misguidance.’2

3758. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : إنّ هذا الإسلامَ دِينُ اللَّهِ الذي اصطَفاهُ لنفسِهِ وهَدَمَ أركانَ الضَّلالةِ بِرُكنِهِ3

3758. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Indeed this Islam is the religion of Allah which he has chosen for Himself … and has smashed the pillars of misguidance with its one pillar.’4

Notes

1. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 176

2. Ibid. Sermon 176

3. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 198

4. Ibid. Sermon 198

248 - الضمان‏

248. LIABILITY

1170 - ثُبوتُ الضَّمانِ بِالإتلافِ‏

1170. LIABILITY AS A RESULT OF SQUANDERING THE PROPERTY OF OTHERS

3759. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : عَلَى اليَدِ ما أخَذَت حتّى‏ تُؤَدِّيَهُ1

3759. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘The hand is responsible for whatever it takes into its possession until it returns it to its rightful place.’2

3760. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : مَن تَطَبَّبَ أو تَبَيطَرَ فَلْيَأخُذِ البَراءةَ مِن وَلِيِّهِ، وإلّا فهُو لَهُ ضامِنٌ3

3760. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘He who practices medicine or veterinary science must first request a cover assurance from the guardian of his client, otherwise he may be held liable.’4

3761. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : مَن أضَرَّ بِشَي‏ءٍ مِن طَريقِ المُسلِمينَ فَهُوَ لَهُ ضامِنٌ5

3761. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘He who damages anything of the public pathway of the Muslims is liable for it.’6

Notes

1. مستدرك الوسائل : 17 / 88 / 20819

2. Mustadrak al-Wasa’il, v. 17, p. 88, no. 20819

3. الجعفريّات : 119

4. al-Jafariyat 119

5. الكافي : 7 / 350 / 3

6. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 350, no. 3

1171 - ذَمُّ التَّعَرُّضِ لِلكَفالَةِ وَالضَّمانِ‏

1171. THE CENSURE OF RISKING BAILING OR CULPABILITY

3762. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : لا تَضمَنْ ما لا تَقِدرُ على الوَفاءِ بهِ1

3762. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Do not give a guarantee for something that you are not able to fulfil.’2

3763. الإمامُ الباقرُ أو الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليهما السلام: لا تُوجِبْ على‏ نفسِكَ الحُقوقَ واصبِرْ على النَّوائبِ3

3763. Imam al-Baqir (AS) or Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Do not impose upon yourself any right and be patient against adversities and hardships’4

3764. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : الكَفالَةُ خَسارَةٌ، غَرامَةٌ، نَدامَةٌ5

3764. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Bailing is a loss, a penalty and a source of regret.’6

Notes

1. غرر الحكم : 10178

2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 10187

3. الكافي : 4 / 33 / 3

4. al-Kafi, v. 4, p. 33, no. 3

5. كتاب من لا يحضره الفقيه : 3 / 97 / 3405

6. al-Faqih, v. 3, p. 97, no. 3405

1172 - لا ضَمانَ فِي العارِيَةِ

1172. THERE IS NO LIABILITY ON SOMETHING BORROWED

3765. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : لا غُرمَ على‏ مُستَعِيرِ عارِيَةٍ إذا هَلَكَت إذا كانَ مَأمُوناً1

3765. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘There is no penalty payable by someone who borrows something, which becomes spoilt while in his possession, if he is a trustworthy person.’2

Notes

1. الكافي : 5 / 239 / 5

2. al-Kafi, v. 5, p. 239, no. 5

249 - الضِّيافة

249. HOSPITALITY

1173 - فَضْلُ الضِّيافَةِ

1173. THE VIRTUE OF HOSPITALITY

3766. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَن كانَ يُؤمِنُ بِاللَّهِ واليَومِ الآخِرِ فَلْيُكرِمْ ضَيفَهُ1

3766. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘He who has faith in Allah and the Last Day must honour his guest.’2

3767. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : الضَّيفُ يَنزِلُ برِزقِهِ، ويَرتَحِلُ بذُنوبِ أهلِ البيتِ3

3767. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘The guest arrives bringing his own sustenance and leaves taking away the sins of his hosts.’4

3768. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : الرِّزقُ أسرَعُ إلى‏ مَن يُطعِمُ الطَّعامَ مِن السِّكِّينِ في السَّنامِ5

3768. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Sustenance comes to those who feed others faster than a knife can cut though flesh.’6

3769. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : كُلُّ بيتٍ لا يَدخُلُ فيهِ الضَّيفُ لا تَدخُلُهُ المَلائكةُ7

3769. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Any house which is not visited by guests is not visited by angels either.’8

3770. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : مَن آتاهُ اللَّهُ مالاً فَلْيَصِلْ بهِ القَرابَةَ ، ولْيُحسِنْ مِنهُ الضِّيافَةَ9

3770. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘He who has been granted wealth by Allah must use it to maintain relations with his kin and to entertain guests.’10

3771. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - لَمّا رُئيَ حَزيناً فسُئلَ عن عِلَّتِهِ - : لِسَبعٍ أتَتْ لَم يَضِفْ إلَينا ضَيفٌ11

3771. Imam Ali (AS) was once seen sad and asked the reason for it, so he replied, ‘Because it has been seven days since we have had no guests.’12

Notes

1. جامع الأخبار : 377 / 1053

2. Jami al-Akhbar, p. 377, no. 1053

3. بحار الأنوار : 75 / 461 / 14

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 75, p. 461, no. 14

5. المحاسن : 2 / 147 / 1388

6. al-Mahasin, v. 2, p. 147, no. 1388

7. جامع الأخبار : 378 / 1058

8. Jami al-Akhbar, p. 378, no. 1058

9. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 142

10. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 142

11. بحار الأنوار : 41 / 28 / 1

12. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 41, p. 28, no. 1

1174 - مَن يَنبَغي ضِيافَتُهُ‏

1174. PEOPLE WHOM ONE SHOULD INVITE AS GUESTS

3772. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : أضِفْ بِطَعامِكَ مَن تُحِبُّ في اللَّهِ1

3772. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Invite one whom you love in the way of Allah to partake of your food as a guest.’2

3773. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : يُكرَهُ إجابَةُ مَن يَشهَدُ وَلِيمَتَهُ الأغنياءُ دُونَ الفُقَراءِ3

3773. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘It is an abominable act to accept the invitation of someone whose banquet is only attended by the rich and not the poor.’4

Notes

1. كنز العمّال : 25881

2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 25881

3. الدعوات : 141 / 358

4. al-Daawat, p. 141, no. 358

1175 - الحَثُّ عَلى‏ إجابَةِ دَعوَةِ المُؤمِنِ‏

1175. ENJOINMENT OF ACCEPTING THE INVITATION OF A FELLOW BELIEVER

3774. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : أُوصِي الشاهِدَ مِن اُمَّتي والغائبَ أن يُجِيبَ دَعوَةَ المُسلِمِ - ولَو على‏خَمسَةِ أميالٍ - ؛ فإنّ ذلكَ مِن الدِّينِ.1

3774. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘I advise both the present and the absent ones from my community to accept the invitation of a fellow Muslim, even if it be five miles away, for verily that is a part of religion.’2

3775. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مِن الجَفاءِ أن يُدعَى الرَّجُلُ إلى‏ طَعامٍ فلا يُجِيبَ أو يُجِيبَ فلا يَأكُلَ3

3775. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘It is loathsome that a man be invited to a meal and does not accept, or accepts but does not eat.’4

3776. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله - لأبي ذَرٍّ وهُو يَعِظُهُ - : لا تَأكُل طَعامَ الفاسِقِينَ5

3776. The Prophet (SAWA) said to Abu Dharr, exhorting him, ‘Do not partake of the food of corrupt people.’6

Notes

1. المحاسن : 2 / 180 / 1510

2. al-Mahasin, v. 2, p. 180, no. 1510

3. قرب الإسناد :160 / 583

4. Qurb al-Isnad, p. 160, no. 583

5. بحار الأنوار : 77 / 84 / 3

6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 77, p. 84, no. 3

1176 - التَّكلُّفُ لِلضَّيفِ‏

1176. MAKING A SPECIAL EFFORT FOR ONE’S GUEST

3777. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : كَفى‏ بِالمَرءِ إثماً أن يَستَقِلَّ ما يُقَرِّبُ إلى‏ إخوانِهِ، وكَفى‏ بِالقَومِ إثماً أن يَستَقِلُّوا ما يُقَرِّبُهُ إلَيهِم أخُوهُم1

3777. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘It is enough of a sin for a man to belittle that which brings him close to his fellow brothers, and it is enough of a sin for a people to disparage that which draws a fellow brother close to them.’2

3778. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : لا يَتَكَلَّفَنَّ أحَدٌ لِضَيفِهِ ما لا يَقدِرُ3

3778. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘No one should go to troubles that they cannot afford for a guest.’4

3779. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : إذا أتاكَ أخُوك فَآتِهِ بما عِندَك، وإذا دَعَوتَهُ فَتَكَلَّفْ لَهُ5

3779. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘If your brother comes to your house [uninvited] then offer him whatever you have in the house, and if you invite him, then make a special effort for him.’6

3780. الإمامُ الرِّضا عليه السلام : دَعا رجُلٌ أميرَ المؤمنينَ عليه السلام فقالَ لَهُ : قد أجَبتُكَ على‏ أن تَضمَنَ لي ثلاثَ خِصالٍ قال : وما هِيَ يا أميرَ المؤمنينَ ؟ قال : لا تُدخِلْ عَلَيَّ شيئاً مِن خارِجٍ ، ولا تَدَّخِرْ عَنّي شيئاً في البيتِ، ولا تُجحِفْ بالعِيالِ قالَ : ذاكَ لكَ يا أميرَ المؤمنينَ ، فأجابَهُ عليُّ بنُ أبي طالبٍ عليه السلام7

3780. Imam al-Rida (AS) narrated, ‘A man once invited the Commander of the Faithful, Ali (AS) for a meal, so Imam said to him, ‘I will accept your invitation provided you fulfil three conditions.’ The man asked, ‘And what are they, O Commander of the Faithful?’ to which he replied, ‘Do not bring any special food from outside for me, do not preserve anything in the house especially for me, and do not impose any difficulty on your family.’ The man replied, ‘You shall have that O Commander of the Faithful’ and Ali b. Abu Talib accepted his invitation.’8

Notes

1. المحاسن : 2 / 186 / 1533

2. al-Mahasin, v. 2, p. 186, no. 1533

3. كنز العمّال : 25876

4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 25876

5. المحاسن : 2 / 179 / 1506

6. al-Mahasin, v. 2, p. 179, no. 1506

7. عيون أخبار الرِّضا : 2 / 42 / 138

8. Uyun Akhbar al-Rida (AS), v. 2, p. 42, no. 138

1177 - أدَبُ الضِّيافَةِ

1177. THE ETIQUETTE OF HOSPITALITY

3781. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَن أحَبَّ أن يُحِبَّهُ اللَّهُ ورسولُهُ فَليَأكُلْ مَعَ ضَيفِهِ1

3781. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Whoever wants to be loved by Allah and His Prophet should eat with his guest.’2

3782. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : إذا دُعِيَ أحَدُكُم إلى‏ طَعامٍ فلا يَستَتبِعَنَّ وَلَدَهُ؛ فإنّهُ إن فَعَلَ ذلكَ كانَ حَراماً ودَخَلَ عاصياً3

3782. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘When one of you is invited for a meal, he must not bring along his son with him too, for verily it is prohibited for him to do so and he enters the house unlawfully.’4

3783. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : الضَّيفُ يُلطَفُ لَيلَتَينِ، فإذا كانتِ اللَّيلةُ الثالثةُ فهُو مِن أهلِ البيتِ يَأكُلُ ما أدرَكَ5

3783. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘A guest may expect to be honoured for two nights, then from the third night onwards he is considered to be one of the family and must eat whatever he gets.’6

3784. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : الضِّيافَةُ أوَّلُ يَومٍ والثاني والثالثُ، وما بعدَ ذلكَ فإنّها صَدَقةٌ تَصَدّق بها علَيهِ7

3784. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Hospitality towards a guest is incumbent for the first day, the second day and the third day. After that, anything you give him is considered as charity towards him on your behalf.’8

3785. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : الوَليمَةُ أوَّلُ يومٍ حَقٌّ، والثاني مَعروفٌ، وما زادَ رياءٌ وسُمعَةٌ9

3785. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Hosting a banquet the first day is reasonable, the second day is an act of courtesy, and any more than that is showing-off and seeking repute.’10

3786. الإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام : إذا دَخَلَ أحَدُكُم على‏ أخيهِ في رَحلِهِ فَلْيَقعُدْ حيثُ يَأمُرُ صاحِبُ الرَّحلِ؛ فإنّ صاحِبَ الرَّحلِ أعرَفُ بِعَورَةِ بَيتِهِ مِن الداخِلِ علَيهِ11

3786. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ‘When someone enters the house of his fellow brother, he must sit wherever the host tells him to sit for the owner of the house knows the flaws of his own house better than the guest.’12

3787. الكافي عن ابنِ أبي يَعفورٍ : رأيتُ عِند أبي عبدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام ضَيفاً، فقامَ يَوماً في بعضِ الحَوائج، فنَهاهُ عن ذلكَ ، وقامَ بنفسِهِ إلى‏ تلك الحاجَةِ، وقالَ عليه السلام : نَهى‏ رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله عَن أن يُستَخدَمَ الضَّيفُ13

3787. Ibn Abi Yafur narrated, ‘I saw a guest once at Abi Abdillah’s [i.e. Imam al-Sadiq (AS)] house, who stood up to get something he needed, so Imam refused for him to do so, and stood up to get it himself, saying, ‘The Prophet of Allah (SAWA) prohibited that a guest be allowed to do work.’14

Notes

1. تنبيه الخواطر : 2 / 116

2. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2, p. 116

3. المحاسن : 2 / 181 / 1515

4. al-Mahasin, v. 2, p. 181, no. 1515

5. الكافي : 6 / 283 / 1

6. al-Kafi, v. 6, p. 183, no. 6

7. الكافي : 6 / 283 / 2

8. Ibid. no. 2

9. الكافي : 5 / 368 / 4

10. Ibid.v. 5, p. 368, no. 4

11. بحار الأنوار : 75 / 451 / 2

12. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 75, p. 451, no. 2

13. الكافي : 6 / 283 / 1

14. al-Kafi, v. 6, p. 283, no. 1

250 - الطِّبّ‏

250. MEDICINE

1178 - الطَّبيبُ الحَقيقِيُ‏

1178. THE REAL DOCTOR

3788. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله - لِطَبيبٍ - : إنّ اللَّهَ عَزَّوجلَّ الطَّبيبُ، ولكنَّكَ رجُلٌ رَفيقٌ1

3788. The Prophet (SAWA) said to a doctor, ‘Verily Allah, Mighty and Exalted, is the (real) doctor, though you are a kind man.’2

Notes

1. كنز العمّال : 28100 و 28073

2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 28100-28 073

1179 - ما يُستَغنى‏ بِهِ عَنِ الطِّبِ‏

1179. THAT WHICH MAKES ONE NEEDLESS OF MEDICINE

3789. الخصال عن الأصبغِ بنِ نُباتةَ : قالَ أميرُ المؤمنينَ عليُّ بنُ أبي طالبٍ عليه السلام للحَسَن ابنه عليه السلام : يا بُنَيَّ ، ألا اُعَلِّمُكَ أربَعَ خِصالٍ تَستَغنِي بها عنِ الطِّبِّ ؟ فقالَ : بلى‏ يا أميرَ المؤمنينَ، قالَ : لا تَجلِسْ على الطَّعامِ إلّا وأنتَ جائعٌ، ولا تَقُمْ عنِ الطَّعامِ إلّا وأنتَ تَشتَهِيهِ، وجَوِّدِ المَضغَ، وإذا نُمتَ فَاعرِضْ نَفسَكَ على الخَلاءِ، فإذا استَعمَلتَ هذا استَغنَيتَ عنِ الطِّبِّ1

3789. Imam Ali (AS) said in his will to his son, al-Hasan (AS), ‘O my son, shall I teach you four things which will make you needless of medicine?’ He replied, ‘Yes, O Commander of the Faithful.’ So he said, ‘Do not sit to eat unless you are hungry. Stand up from the table while you still desire food. Chew properly. Go to the lavatory before you go to bed. If you put these into practice, you will not need medicine.’2

3790. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : مَن أكَلَ الطَّعامَ عَلَى النَّقاءِ ، وأجادَ الطَّعامَ تَمَضُّغاً ، وتَرَكَ الطَّعامَ وهُوَ يَشتَهيهِ ، ولَم يَحبِسِ الغائِطَ إذا أتى‏ ؛ لَم يَمرَض إلّا مَرَضَ المَوتِ3

3790. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘He who eats food with complete hunger, chews the meal properly and leaves the table while he still desires food and does not retent the faeces at its time will be only ill with the sickness of death ’4

Notes

1. الخصال : 229 / 67

2. al-Khisal, p. 229, no. 67

3. مكارم الأخلاق : 1 / 314 / 1003

4. Makarim al-Akhlaq, v. 1, p. 314, no. 1003

1180 - تجنب الدواء مَهما أمكَنَ‏

1180. AVOIDING MEDICINE AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE

3791. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : تَجَنَّبِ الدَّواءَ مَا احتَمَلَ بَدَنُكَ الدَّاءَ ، فَإذا لَم يَحتَمِلِ الدّاءَ فَالدَّواءُ1

3791. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Avoid medicine as long as your body can bear the pain but when it could no longer bear it, only then, the medicine.’2

3792. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : اِمشِ بِدائِكَ ما مَشى‏ بِكَ3

3792. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Get along with your pain as long as it gets along with you4

Notes

1. مكارم الأخلاق : 2 / 179 / 2464

2. Makarim al-Akhlaq, v. 2, p. 179, no. 2464

3. نهج البلاغة : الحكمة 27

4. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 27