The Scale of Wisdom: A Compendium of Shi’a Hadith [Mizan al-Hikmah] (Bilingual Edition) Volume 4

The Scale of Wisdom: A Compendium of Shi’a Hadith [Mizan al-Hikmah] (Bilingual Edition)5%

The Scale of Wisdom: A Compendium of Shi’a Hadith [Mizan al-Hikmah] (Bilingual Edition) Author:
Translator: N. Virjee, A. Kadhim, M. Dasht Bozorgi, Z. Alsalami and A. Virjee
Publisher: ICAS Press
Category: Texts of Hadith
ISBN: 978-1-904063-34-6

Volume 1 Volume 2 Volume 3 Volume 4
  • Start
  • Previous
  • 425 /
  • Next
  • End
  •  
  • Download HTML
  • Download Word
  • Download PDF
  • visits: 54796 / Download: 7327
Size Size Size
The Scale of Wisdom: A Compendium of Shi’a Hadith [Mizan al-Hikmah] (Bilingual Edition)

The Scale of Wisdom: A Compendium of Shi’a Hadith [Mizan al-Hikmah] (Bilingual Edition) Volume 4

Author:
Publisher: ICAS Press
ISBN: 978-1-904063-34-6
English

Note!

The original file was more than 50 MG. So, we split it into 4 sections.


1

2

3

4

404 - التَّواضُع‏

404. HUMBLENESS

1837 - الحَثُّ عَلَى التَّواضُعِ‏

1837. ENCOURAGING HUMBLENESS

6529. رسول اللَّه صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مالي لا أرى‏ علَيكُم حَلاوَةَ العِبادَةِ ؟! قالوا : وما حَلاوَةُ العِبادَةِ ؟ قالَ : التَّواضُعُ1

6529. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Why do I not see in you the sweetness of worship?!' They asked, 'What is the sweetness of worship?' He said, 'Humbleness.'2

6530. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : إنّ أفضَلَ النّاسِ عَبداً مَن تَواضَعَ عَن رِفعَةٍ3

6530. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The best of people is a worshipper who humbles himself when in a high position.'4

6531. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : طُوبى‏ لِمَن تَواضَعَ للَّهِ في غَيرِ مَنقَصَةٍ ، وأذَلَّ نَفسَهُ في غَيرِ مَسكَنَةٍ5

6531. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Blessed be he who humbles himself before Allah without having any deficiency, and who humiliates himself without poverty.'6

6532. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : لا حَسَبَ كالتَّواضُعِ7

6532. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There is no nobility like humbleness.'8

6533. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : زِينَةُ الشَّريفِ التَّواضُعُ9

6533. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The adornment of the noble is humbleness.'10

6534. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : التَّواضُعُ زَكاةُ الشَّرَفِ11

6534. Imam Ali (AS), 'Humbleness is the alm-tax of nobility.'12

6535. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : علَيكَ بِالتَّواضُعِ ؛ فإنّهُ مِن أعظَمِ العِبادَةِ13

6535. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'You must be humble, as it is one of the greatest [forms of] worship.'14

6536. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - في صِفَةِ المُتَّقينَ - : ومَلبَسُهُمُ الاقتِصادُ ، ومَشيُهُمُ التَّواضُعُ15

6536. Imam Ali (AS) said, describing the pious, 'They are moderate in dressing and humble in manners.'16

6537. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : التَّواضُعُ يَنشُرُ الفَضيلَةَ17

6537. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Humbleness spreads virtue.'18

6538. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام: ما أحسَنَ تَواضُعَ الأغنياءِ لِلفُقَراءِ طَلَباً لِما عِندَ اللَّهِ ، وأحسَنُ مِنهُ تِيهُ الفُقَراءِ علَى الأغنِياءِ اتِّكالاً علَى اللَّهِ19

6538. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'How good is the humbleness of the wealthy before the poor in seeking what is with Allah, and better than this is the pride of the poor before the wealthy in relying solely on Allah.'20

6539. الإمامُ الرِّضا عليه السلام : التَّواضُعُ أن تُعطِيَ النّاسَ ما تُحِبُّ أن تُعطاهُ21

6539. Imam al-Rida (AS) said, 'Humbleness is to give to people what you yourself like to be given.'22

6540. الإمامُ العسكريُّ عليه السلام : التَّواضُعُ نِعمَةٌ لا يُحسَدُ علَيها23

6540. Imam al-Askari (AS) said, 'Humbleness is a blessing that cannot be envied.'24

Notes

1. تنبيه الخواطر : 1 / 201

2. Tanbih al- Khawatir, v. 1, p. 201

3. بحار الأنوار : 77 / 179 / 10

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 77, p. 179, no. 10

5. تنبيه الخواطر : 2 / 66

6. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2, p. 66

7. نهج البلاغة : الحكمة 113

8. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 113

9. بحار الأنوار : 75 / 120 / 11

10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 75, p. 120, no. 11

11. غرر الحكم : 939

12. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 939

13. بحار الأنوار : 75 / 119 / 5

14. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 75, p. 119, no. 5

15. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 193

16. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 193

17. غرر الحكم : 522

18. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 522

19. نهج البلاغة : الحكمة 406

20. Nahj al-Balagha, sermon 406

21. الكافي : 2 / 124 / 13

22. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 123, no. 13

23. تحف العقول : 489

24. Tuhaf al-'Uqul, p. 489

1838 - مِن عَلاماتِ التَّواضُعِ‏

1838. SOME OF THE SIGNS OF HUMBLENESS

6541. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : إنَّ مِن التَّواضُعِ أن يَجلِسَ الرّجُلُ دُونَ شَرَفِهِ1

6541. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Humbleness is when a man sits in a place lower than his rank.'2

6542. عنه عن آبائهِ عليهم السلام : إنّ مِن التَّواضُعِ أن يَرضى‏ الرّجُلُ بِالمَجلِسِ دُونَ المَجلِسِ ، وأن يُسَلِّمَ على‏ مَن يَلقى‏ ، وأن يَترُكَ المِراءَ وإن كانَ مُحِقّاً ، ولا يُحِبَّ أن يُحمَدَ علَى التَّقوى‏3

6542. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), from his fathers (AS) said, 'Humbleness is for a man to be content to sit in any place and not a particular place, to greet those he meets, to leave disputation even if he is right, and to not like to be praised for piety.'4

Notes

1. الكافي : 2 / 123 / 9

2. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 123, no. 9

3. بحار الأنوار : 75 / 118 / 3

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 75, p. 118, no. 3

1839 - ثَمَرَةُ التَّواضُعِ‏

1839. THE FRUIT OF HUMBLENESS

6543. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : إنّ التَّواضُعَ يَزيدُ صاحِبَهُ رِفعَةً ، فتَواضَعُوا يَرفَعْكُمُ اللَّهُ1

6543. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Humbleness increases the rank of that person, so humble yourselves and Allah will raise you.'2

6544. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَن تَواضَعَ للَّهِ رَفَعَهُ اللَّهُ ، فهُو في نَفسِهِ ضَعيفٌ وفي أعيُنِ النّاسِ عَظيمٌ ، ومَن تَكبَّرَ وَضَعَهُ اللَّهُ ، فهُو في أعيُنِ النّاسِ صَغيرٌ وفي نَفسِهِ كَبيرٌ ؛ حتّى‏ لَهُو أهوَنُ علَيهِم مِن كَلبٍ أو خِنْزيرٍ3

6544. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'He who humbles himself for Allah, Allah will raise him such that he is weak in himself but strong in the eyes of others. And he who is haughty, Allah will degrade him such that he will be small in the eyes of others and big in his own, until he will be more despicable to them than a pig or a dog.'4

6545. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : ثَمَرَةُ التَّواضُعِ المَحَبّةُ ، ثَمَرَةُ الكِبرِ المَسَبَّةُ5

6545. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The fruit of humbleness is love, and the result of pride is abuse.'6

6546. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : التَّواضُعُ يَكسوكَ المَهابَةَ7

6546. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Humbleness clothes you in dignity.'8

6547. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام: بِخَفضِ الجَناحِ تَنتَظِمُ الاُمورُ.9

6547. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'With the lowering of one's wing are affairs organised.'10

6548. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : التَّواضُعُ يَنشُرُ الفَضيلَةَ ، التَّكبُّرُ يُظهِرُ الرَّذيلَةَ11

6548. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Humbleness spreads virtue and haughtiness shows up vice.'12

6549. الإمامُ الكاظمُ عليه السلام : إنّ الزَّرعَ يَنبُتُ في السَّهلِ ولا يَنبُتُ في الصَّفا ؛ فكذلكَ الحِكمَةُ تَعمُرُ في قَلبِ المُتَواضِعِ ، ولا تَعمُرُ في قَلبِ المُتَكبِّرِ الجَبّارِ ؛ لأنّ اللَّهَ جَعلَ التَّواضُعَ آلَةَ العَقلِ ، وجَعَلَ التَّكبُّرَ مِن آلَةِ الجَهلِ13

6549. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, 'A plant grows on level ground and not on the hard terrain, and similarly wisdom flourishes in the heart of the humble, and does not flourish in the heart of the haughty and overbearing, because Allah made humbleness the instrument of the intellect and haughtiness the instrument of ignorance.'14

6550. الإمامُ الكاظمُ عليه السلام : إنّ اللَّهَ لَم يَرفَعِ المُتَواضِعينَ بقَدرِ تَواضُعِهِم ، ولكنْ رَفَعَهُم بِقَدرِ عَظَمَتِهِ ومَجدِهِ15

6550. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, 'Allah does not raise the humble in proportion to their humbleness, rather He raises them according to His own Greatness and Glory.'16

Notes

1. الكافي : 2 / 121 / 1

2. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 121, no. 1

3. كنز العمّال : 5730

4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 5737

5. غرر الحكم : 4613 ، 4614

6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4613-4 614

7. بحار الأنوار : 77 / 287 / 1

8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 77, p. 287, no. 1

9. غرر الحكم : 4302

10. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4302

11. غرر الحكم : 522 ، 523

12. Ibid. no. 522 ,523

13. بحار الأنوار : 78 / 312 / 1

14. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 312, no. 1

15. تحف العقول : 399

16. Tuhaf al-'Uqul, p. 399

1840 - ما يُستَعانُ بِهِ عَلَى التَّواضُعِ‏

1840. MEANS TO ACQUIRE HUMBLENESS

6551. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : لا يُستَعانُ علَى التَّواضُعِ إلّا بسَلامَةِ الصَّدرِ1

6551. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Humbleness cannot be achieved..., unless the heart is healthy.'2

6552. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : التَّواضُعُ ثَمَرَةُ العِلمِ3

6552. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Humbleness is the fruit of knowledge.'4

6553. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : لا يَنبَغي لِمَن عَرَفَ عَظَمَةَ اللَّهِ أن يَتَعَظَّمَ ؛ فإنّ رِفعَةَ الّذينَ يَعلَمونَ ما عَظَمَتُهُ أن يَتَواضَعُوا لَهُ5

6553. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'It is not appropriate for one who knows the Greatness of Allah to consider himself as great, for verily the elevation of those who know His Greatness lies in humbling themselves before Him.'6

Notes

1. بحار الأنوار : 78 / 7 / 59

2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 7, no. 59

3. غرر الحكم : 301

4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 301

5. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 147

6. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 147

1841 - حَدُّ التَّواضُعِ‏

1841. LIMITS OF HUMBLENESS

6554. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام: حَسبُ المَرءِ... مِن تَواضُعِهِ مَعرِفَتُهُ بقَدرِهِ1

6554. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'It suffices a man as a sign of humbleness to know his worth.'2

6555. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام - لَمّا سُئلَ عَنِ التَّواضُعِ - : هُو أن تَرضى‏ مِن المَجلِسِ بدُونِ شَرَفِكَ ، وأن تُسَلِّمَ على‏ مَن لَقِيتَ ، وأن تَترُكَ المِراءَ وإن كُنتَ مُحِقّاً3

6555. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) when asked about humbleness said, ' Humbleness is that you be content to sit in a meeting where it is below your position , greet whosoever you meet and give up dispute even if you are right.'4

6556. الإمامُ الرِّضا عليه السلام - لَمّا سُئلَ عَن حَدِّ التَّواضُعِ - : أن تُعطِيَ النّاسَ مِن نَفسِكَ ما تُحِبُّ أن يُعطوكَ مِثلَهُ5

6556. Imam al-Rida (AS) when asked about the limits of humbleness said, 'To treat the people in the same manner you like them to treat you.'6

6557. الإمامُ الرِّضا عليه السلام - لَمّا سألَهُ ابنُ الجَهمِ : ما حَدُّ التَّواضُعِ الّذي إذا فَعَلَهُ العَبدُ كانَ مُتَواضِعاً ؟ - : التَّواضُعُ دَرَجاتٌ : مِنها أن يَعرِفَ المَرءُ قَدرَ نَفسِهِ فيُنزِلَها مَنزِلَتَها بقَلبٍ سَليمٍ ، لا يُحِبُّ أن يأتيَ إلى‏ أحَدٍ إلّا مِثلَ ما يُؤتى‏ إلَيهِ ؛ إن رأى‏ سَيّئةً دَرأها بِالحسَنَةِ ، كاظِمُ الغَيظِ ، عافٍ عَنِ النّاسِ ، واللَّهُ يُحِبُّ المُحسِنينَ7

6557. Imam al-Rida (AS) when asked by Ibn al-Jahm, 'What are the limits of humbleness that makes a servant humble when he observes them?' to which he (AS) replied, 'Humbleness has stages; that one knows the value of his self and places it in its right position with a sincere heart, that he likes to treat people the same way he expects them to treat him, that he responds the wrong with good,that he controls his anger and forgives the people. And Allah likes the good doers.'8

Notes

1. بحار الأنوار : 78 / 80 / 66

2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p,80 no. 66

3. بحار الأنوار : 78 / 277 / 113

4. Ibid. v. 78, p,277 no. 113

5. عيون أخبار الرِّضا عليه السلام : 2 / 50 / 192

6. Uyun Akhbar al-Rida (AS), v. 2, p,50 no. 192

7. الكافي : 2 / 124 / 13

8. Al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 124, no. 13

405 - الوَطَن‏

405. THE HOMELAND

1842 - حُبُّ الوَطَنِ‏

1842. PATRIOTISM

6558. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : عَمُرَتِ البُلدانُ بِحُبِّ الأوطانِ1

6558. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Countries thrive as a result of patriotism.'2

6559. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : مِن كَرَمِ المَرءِ بُكاؤهُ على‏ ما مَضى‏ مِن زَمانِهِ ، وحَنينُهُ إلى‏ أوطانِهِ ، وحِفظُهُ قَديمَ إخوانِهِ3

6559. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The honour of a man lies in his crying over what he has lost from his life, his affection towards his homeland, and his protectiveness of his old brothers.'4

6560. سفينة البحار : رُويَ: حُبُّ الوَطَنِ مِن الإيمانِ5

6560. Safinat al-Bihar: It is narrated, 'Patriotism is part of faith.'6

Notes

1. بحار الأنوار : 78 / 45 / 50

2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p45, no. 50

3. بحار الأنوار : 74 / 264 / 3

4. Ibid. v. 74, p. 264, no. 3

5. سفينة البحار : 8 / 525

6. Safinat al-Bihar, v. 8, p. 525

1843 - الدِّفاعُ عَنِ الوَطَنِ‏

1843. DEFENDING ONE'S HOMELAND

6561. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : اغزُوهُم قَبلَ أنْ يَغزوكُم، فوَاللَّهِ ما غُزِيَ قَومٌ قَطُّ في عُقرِ دارِهِم إلّا ذَلُّوا ، فتَواكَلتُم وتَخاذَلتُم حتّى‏ شُنَّت علَيكُمُ الغاراتُ، ومُلِكَت علَيكُمُ الأوطانُ1

6561. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Invade them before they invade you, for by Allah, no sooner are a people invaded in their own homes than they are humiliated. So you were indifferent and treacherous towards each other until invasions were waged upon you, and your homelands were overtaken.'2

Notes

1. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 27

2. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 27

1844 - الغُربَةُ وَالوَطَنُ‏

1844. SEPARATION FROM ONE'S HOMELAND

6562. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الغِنى‏ في الغُربَةِ وَطَنٌ ، والفَقرُ في الوَطنِ غُربَةٌ1

6562. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Wealth in a foreign place is like being in one's homeland, and poverty in one's homeland is like estrangement therein.'2

6563. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : لَيسَ في الغُربَةِ عارٌ ، إنّما العارُ في الوَطنِ الافتِقارُ3

6563. Imam Ali (AS) said, ' Living in a foreign place is not disgrace, rather poverty in one's homeland is disdain.'4

6564. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : العَقلُ في الغُربَةِ قُربَةٌ ، الحُمقُ في الوَطنِ غُربَةٌ5

6564. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Wisdom in a foreign land makes one feel at home while silliness in the homeland is like estrangment therein.'6

Notes

1. نهج البلاغة : الحكمة 56

2. Ibid. Saying 56

3. غرر الحكم : 7517

4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 7517

5. غرر الحكم : 1291 و 1292

6. Ibid. no. 1291 ,1292

406 - الوَعد

406. THE PROMISE

1845 - وَعدُ اللَّهِ حَقٌ‏

1845. THE PROMISE OF ALLAH IS TRUE

( فَاصْبِرْ إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ وَلَايَسْتَخِفَّنَّكَ الَّذِينَ لَا يُوقِنُونَ)1

“So be patient! Allah's promise is indeed true. And do not let yourself be upset by those who have no conviction.” 2

( رَبَّنَا إِنَّكَ جَامِعُ النَّاسِ لِيَوْمٍ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُخْلِفُ الْمِيعَادَ)3

“Our Lord! You will indeed gather mankind on a day in which there is no doubt. Indeed Allah does not break His promise.” 4

6565. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَن وَعَدَهُ اللَّهُ على‏ عَمَلٍ ثَواباً فهُو مُنجِزُهُ لَهُ ، ومَن أوعَدَهُ على‏ عَمَلٍ عِقاباً فهُو فِيهِ بِالخِيارِ5

6565. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'He whom Allah promises a reward for a good deed He will fulfill it, and he whom He has promised punishment for a deed, then it is [ultimately] His choice [whether He punishes or forgives].'6

Notes

1. الروم : 60

2. Quran 31 :60

3. آل عمران : 9

4. Quran 3 :9

5. التوحيد : 406 / 3

6. al-Tawhid, p. 406, no. 3

1846 - العِدَةُ دَينٌ‏

1846. THE PROMISE IS A DEBT

6566. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : العِدَةُ دَينٌ ، وَيلٌ لِمَن وَعَدَ ثُمّ أخلَفَ ، وَيلٌ لمَن وَعَدَ ثُمّ أخلَفَ ، وَيلٌ لِمَن وَعَدَ ثُمّ أخلَفَ1

6566. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The promise is a debt. Woe unto he who promises but does not fulfil it. Woe unto he who promises but does not fulfil it. Woe unto he who promises but does not fulfil it.'2

6567. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : عِدَةُ المُؤمنِ دَينٌ ، وعِدَةُ المُؤمنِ كالأخذِ بِاليَدِ3

6567. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The promise of the believer is a debt and the promise of the beliver is like a pledge.'4

6568. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : ما باتَ لِرجُلٍ عِندي مَوعِدٌ قَطُّ فباتَ يَتمَلمَلُ على‏ فِراشِهِ لِيَغدوَ بِالظَّفَرِ بحاجَتِهِ ، أشَدَّ مِن تَمَلمُلي على‏ فِراشي حِرصاً علَى الخُروجِ إلَيهِ مِن دَينِ عِدَتِهِ ، وخَوفاً مِن عائقٍ يُوجِبُ الخُلفَ ؛ فإنّ خُلفَ الوَعدِ لَيسَ مِن أخلاقِ الكِرامِ5

6568. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The restlessness of a man in his bed during the night whom I have given a promise for the fulfillment of his need the next day is not more than my restlessness in my bed being anxious till the morning to fulfill my promise. I am also fearful lest some obstacles prevent the keeping of my promise, as the breaching of a promise is not the characteristic of the noble.'6

6569. الإمامُ الرِّضا عليه السلام : إنّا أهلُ بَيتٍ نَرى‏ ما وَعَدْنا علَينا دَيناً كَما صَنَعَ رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله7

6569. Imam al-Rida (AS) said, 'We, the Ahl al-bayt, see what we have promised as a debt upon us just as the Prophet (SAWA) used to do.'8

Notes

1. كنز العمّال : 6865

2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 6865

3. كنز العمّال : 6870

4. Ibid. no. 6870

5. غرر الحكم : 9692

6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 9692

7. بحار الأنوار : 75 / 97 / 20

8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 75, p. 97, no. 20

1847 - الوَعدُ أحَدُ الرِّقَّينِ‏

1847. THE PROMISE IS ONE OF TWO TYPES

6570. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : المَسؤولُ حُرٌّ حتّى‏ يَعِدَ1

6570. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who is asked is free until he makes a promise.'2

6571. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الوَعدُ أحَدُ الرِّقَّينِ ، إنجازُ الوَعدِ أحَدُ العِتقَينِ3

6571. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The promise is one of two bondages; and fulfilment of the promise is one of the two freedoms.'4

6572. الترغيب والترهيب عن عبدِ اللَّهِ بنِ أبي الحَمساءِ : بايَعتُ رسولَ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله بِبَيعٍ قَبلَ أن يُبعَثَ ، فَبَقِيَت لَهُ بَقيَّةٌ ووَعَدتُهُ أن آتِيَهُ بها في مَكانِهِ ، فنَسِيتُ ، ثُمّ ذَكَرتُ بَعدَ ثَلاثٍ فَجِئتُ فإذا هُو مَكانَهُ فقالَ : يافَتى‏، لَقَد شَقَقتَ علَيَّ ، أنا هاهُنا مُنذُ ثَلاثٍ أنتَظِرُكَ!5

6572. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib: 'Abdullah b. Abu al-Humaysa' said, 'I pledged allegiance to the Prophet (SAWA) before he set out [for a place], and I had an appointment with him in a particular place, but I forgot that day and the next, so I came to him on the third day, and the Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Young man, you have brought great difficulty to me, I have been waiting here for three days.'6

6573. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الوَعدُ مَرَضٌ وَالبُرءُ إنجازُهُ7

6573. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Giving a promise is a sickness and fulfilling it is its remedy.'8

Notes

1. نهج البلاغة : الحكمة 336

2. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 336

3. غرر الحكم : 1646 و 1647

4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 1646-164 7

5. الترغيب والترهيب : 4 / 9 / 12

6. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 4, p. 9, no. 12

7. غرر الحكم : ح 1134

8. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 1134

1848 - ما لا يَنبَغي مِنَ الوَعدِ

1848. WHAT SHOULD NOT BE PROMISED

6574. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : لا تَعِدَنَّ عِدَةً لا تَثِقُ مِن نَفسِكَ بإنجازِها1

6574. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Do not make a promise that you are not confident of fulfilling.'2

6575. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : لاتَعِدَنَّ أخاكَ وَعداً لَيسَ في يَدِكَ وَفاؤُهُ3

6575. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Do not make a promise to your brother that you are incapable of fulfilling.'4

6576. الإمامُ الكاظِمُ عليه السلام : إنّ العاقِلَ لا يَعِدُ ما لا يَقدِرُ عَلَيهِ5

6576. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, 'An intelligent person....does not make a promise he cannot fulfill.'6

Notes

1. غرر الحكم : 10297

2. Ibid. no. 10297

3. بحار الأنوار : 78 / 250 / 94

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 250, no. 94

5. الكافي : 1 / 20 / 12

6. al-Kafi, v. 1, p. 20, no. 12

1849 - ذَمُّ خُلفِ الوَعدِ

1849. REPROACHING THE BREAKING OF A PROMISE

6577. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : عِدَةُ المُؤمنِ أخاهُ نَذرٌ لا كَفّارَةَ لَهُ ، فمَن أخلَفَ فبِخُلفِ اللَّهِ بَدأَ ، ولِمَقتِهِ تَعَرَّضَ ، وذلكَ قَولُهُ : (يا أيُّها الّذِينَ آمَنُوا لِمَ تَقُولونَ ما لا تَفْعَلُونَ)1 2

6577. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The promise of a believer to his brother is a vow for which there is no [prescribed] penance, so he who breaks a promise has first broken his promise to Allah and subjects himself to His discontentment, as Allah says:“O you who have faith! Why do you say what you do not do?” 34

6578. الإمامُ الكاظمُ عليه السلام : إذا وَعَدتُمُ الصِّغارَ فأوفُوا لَهُم ؛ فإنَّهُم يَرَونَ أنّكُم أنتُمُ الّذينَ تَرزُقونَهُم ، وإنّ اللَّهَ لايَغضَبُ بشَي‏ءٍ كغَضَبِهِ لِلنِّساءِ والصِّبيانِ5

6578. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, 'When you make a promise to children then fulfil that promise to them, because they perceive you as the one who provides them with the means of subsistence, and Allah is not angered by anything the way He is angered by [matters pertaining to] the rights of women and children.'6

Notes

1. الصفّ : 2

2. الكافي : 2 / 363 / 1

3. Quran 61 :2

4. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 363, no. 1

5. بحار الأنوار : 104 / 73 / 23

6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 104, p. 73, no. 23

407 - المَوعظة

407. EXHORTATION

1850 - دَورُ المَوعِظَةِ في حَياةِ القَلبِ‏

1850. THE ROLE OF EXHORTATION IN THE REVIVAL OF THE HEART

6579. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - في وَصيَّتِهِ لابنِهِ وهُو يَعِظُهُ - : أحيِ قَلبَكَ بِالمَوعِظَةِ1

6579. Imam Ali (AS) said in his will to his son, exhorting him, 'Revive your heart with exhortation.'2

6580. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : المَواعِظُ صَقالُ النُّفوسِ ، وجَلاءُ القُلوبِ3

6580. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Exhortations are the polishers of the self and the cleansers of the heart.'4

6581. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : بِالمَواعِظِ تَنجَلي الغَفلَةُ5

6581. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Through exhortations is inattentiveness cleared.'6

(اُنظر) القلب : باب 1558

(See also: THE HEART: section 1558)

Notes

1. نهج البلاغة : الكتاب 31

2. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 31

3. غرر الحكم : 1354

4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 1354

5. غرر الحكم : 4191

6. Ibid. no. 4191

1851 - أنواعُ الوُعّاظِ

1851. TYPES OF EXHORTERS

6582. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : كَفى‏ بِالمَوتِ واعِظاً1

6582. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Death suffices as an exhorter.'2

6583. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : العاقِلُ مَن وَعَظَتهُ التَّجارِبُ3

6583. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'An intelligent person is he who is exhorted by experience.'4

6584. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : كَفى‏ عِظَةً لِذَوي الألبابِ ما جَرَّبوا5

6584. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The experiences of people of conscience are enough of an exhortation.'6

6585. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : إذا أحَبَّ اللَّهُ عَبداً وعَظَهُ بِالعِبَرِ7

6585. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'When Allah loves a servant, He exhorts him with examples.'8

6586. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : مَن فَهِمَ مَواعِظَ الزَّمانِ لَم يَسكُنْ إلى‏ حُسنِ الظَّنِّ بالأيّامِ9

6586. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who understands the exhortations of time will not be at ease with entertaining good opinions about his days.'10

6587. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : لَم يَذهَبْ مِن مالِكَ ما وَعَظَكَ11

6587. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'That which has exhorted you from your wealth [through loss] is not lost.'12

6588. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - في صِفَةِ الدُّنيا - : إنَّ الدُّنيا دارُ مَوعِظَةٍ لِمَنِ اتَّعَظَ بِها ذَكَّرَتهُمُ الدُّنيا فتَذَكَّروا ، وحَدَّثَتهُم فصَدَّقوا ، ووَعَظَتهُم فاتَّعَظوا13

6588. Imam Ali (AS) said in his description of this world, 'The world is the abode of exhortation for he who accepts from it...The world reminds them and so they remember, and it speaks to them so they believe, and it exhorts them so they accept its exhortation.'14

6589. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : لِلكَيِّسِ في كُلِّ شَي‏ءٍ اتِّعاظٌ15

6589. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The sagacious man sees in everything an exhortation.'16

6590. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : أبلَغُ العِظاتِ الاعتِبارُ بِمَصارِعِ الأمواتِ17

6590. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The most far-reaching of exhortations is consideration of the fates of dead people.'18

6591. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : إنَّ اللَّهَ سبحانَهُ لَم يَعِظْ أحَداً بمِثلِ هذا القرآنِ19

6591. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Allah Almighty has not exhorted anyone like He does through the Qur'an.'20

6592. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : لا واعِظَ أبلَغُ مِن النُّصحِ21

6592. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There is no exhorter better than advice.'22

6593. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : واتَّعِظوا بِمَن كانَ قَبلَكُم قَبلَ أن يَتَّعِظَ بِكُم مَن بَعدَكُم23

6593. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Take lesson from [the lives of] those who passed before you, before those who come after you take lesson from you [i.e. your life].'24

6594. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : أصدَقُ القَولِ ، وأبلَغُ المَوعِظَةِ ، وأحسَنُ القَصصِ : كِتابُ اللَّهِ25

6594. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The most truthful saying and the most complete exhortation, and the greatest of stories is the Book of Allah.'26

Notes

1. تحف العقول : 35

2. Tuhaf al-'Uqul, p. 35

3. تحف العقول : 85

4. Ibid. p. 85

5. غرر الحكم : 7059

6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 7059

7. غرر الحكم : 4032

8. Ibid. no. 4032

9. غرر الحكم : 8938

10. Ibid. no. 8938

11. نهج البلاغة : الحكمة 196

12. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 196

13. نهج البلاغة : الحكمة 131

14. Ibid. Saying 131

15. غرر الحكم : 7338

16. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 7338

17. غرر الحكم : 3123

18. Ibid. no. 3123

19. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 176

20. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 176

21. غرر الحكم : 10622

22. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 10622

23. نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 32

24. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 32

25. الأمالي للصدوق : 576 / 788

26. Amali al-Saduq, p. 394, no. 1

1533 - ما هو مِن القَدَرِ

1533. WHAT IS PART OF FATE

5265. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : الدَّواءُ مِن القَدَرِ ، وهُو يَنفَعُ مَن يَشاءُ بما شاءَ1

5265. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The remedy is a part of fate, and He helps whom He wills and however He wills.'2

5266. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله - لَمّا سُئلَ : أرأيتَ دَواءً نَتَداوى‏ بهِ ، وَرُقىً نَستَرقِي بِها ، وأشياءَ نَفعَلُها ، هَل تَرُدُّ مِن قَدَرِ اللَّهِ ؟ - : بل هِي مِن قَدَرِ اللَّهِ3

5266. The Prophet (SAWA), when asked, 'Have you seen medicine that we can cure ourselves with, amulets we can protect ourselves with, and things we can do to repel the destiny of Allah?' He replied, 'They are all part of the destiny of Allah.'4

5267. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - عندَ انصِرافِهِ مِن صِفِّينَ في‏جَوابِ شَيخٍ سَألَهُ عن مَسِيرِهِم إلَى الشامِ : أبِقَضاءٍ وقَدَرٍ ؟ - : والذي خَلَقَ الحَبَّةَ وبَرَأ النَّسَمَةَ ، ما قَطَعنا وادِياً ولا عَلَونا تَلعَةً إلّا بقَضاءٍ وقَدَرٍ لعلَّكَ ظَنَنتَه قَضاءً لازِماً وقَدَراً حاتِماً ، لو كانَ ذلكَ لَسَقَطَ الوَعدُ والوَعيدُ وبَطَلَ الثَّوابُ والعِقابُ ، ولا أتَت لائمَةٌ مِن اللَّهِ لِمُذنِبٍ ولا مَحمَدَةٌ مِن اللَّهِ لُمحسِنٍ ، ولا كانَ الُمحسِنُ أولى‏ بثَوابِ الإحسانِ مِن المُذنِبِ ، ذلكَ مَقالُ أحزابِ عَبَدَةِ الأوثانِ ومَجُوسِها ، ولكنَّ اللَّهَ أمَرَ بالخَيرِ تَخييراً ونَهى‏ عَنِ الشَّرِّ تَحذيراً ، ولم يُعصَ مَغلوباً ولم يُطَعْ مُكرَهاً ، ولا يُمَلِّكُ تَفويضاً5

5267. Imam Ali (AS), returning from the Battle of Siffin, in answer to an old man who asked him about their journey to Syria: 'Is this fate or destiny?' said, 'By He who created the seed and made the human being, we have not gone through a valley or ascended a mountain without it being our fate and destiny.... You might think this to be imperative fate and inevitable destiny. If this were so then promise of reward (wad) and threat of penalty (waid), would cease to apply, and reward and punishment would become null. Allah would not blame the sinners, nor would He praise the good-doers. The benevolent would not be more worthy of reward for good deeds than the sinner, which is the belief of the idol worshippers.... and the Magians. However, Allah has commanded good by choice and forbidden evil by warning, and He is not disobeyed helplessly, nor obeyed forcefully or freely, and nor does He give man absolute control.'6

5268. ابن نُباتَة : إنّ أميرَ المؤمنينَ عليه السلام عَدَلَ مِن عِندِ حائطٍ مائلٍ إلى‏ حائطٍ آخَرَ ، فقيلَ لَهُ : يا أميرَ المؤمنينَ ، تَفِرُّ مِن قَضاءِ اللَّهِ ؟ ! قالَ : أفِرُّ مِن قَضاءِ اللَّهِ إلى‏ قَدَرِ اللَّهِ عَزَّوجلَّ7

5268. Ibn Nubata narrated, 'The Commander of the Faithful (AS) swerved away from a leaning wall away to another wall, so he was asked, 'O Commander of the Faithful, are you fleeing from the decree of Allah?' He said, 'I flee from the decree of Allah to the destiny of Allah, Mighty and Exalted.'8

Notes

1. كنز العمّال : 28082

2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 28082

3. كنز العمّال : 633

4. Ibid. no. 633

5. كنز العمّال : 1560

6. Ibid. no. 1560

7. بحار الأنوار : 41 / 2 / 3

8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 41, p. 2, no. 3

333 - القضاء

333. JUDGMENT (in a Court of Justice)

1534 - أهَمِّيَّةُ موقِعِ القَضاءِ

1534. THE IMPORTANCE OF THE STATUS OF JUDGMENT

( يا دَاوُدُ إِنَّا جَعَلْناكَ خَلِيفَةً فِي الْأَرْضِ فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ بِالْحَقِّ وَلَا تَتَّبِعِ الْهَوَى‏ فَيُضِلَّكَ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَضِلُّونَ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ شَدِيدٌ بِما نَسُوا يَوْمَ الْحِسابِ)1

“O David! Indeed We have made you a vicegerent on the earth. So judge between people with justice, and do not follow desire, or it will lead you astray from the way of Allah. Indeed those who stray from the way of Allah there is a severe punishment for them because of their forgetting the Day of Reckoning.” 2

5269. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - لِشُرَيحٍ - : يا شُرَيحُ ، قد جَلَستَ مَجلِساً لا يَجلِسُهُ إلّا نَبيٌّ أو وَصيُّ نَبيٍّ أو شَقيٌّ3

5269. Imam Ali (AS) said to Shurayh, 'O Shurayh, you are sitting on a seat that only the likes of prophets, successors of prophets or wretched people sit on.'4

5270. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - مِن كتابٍ كَتَبَهُ للأشتَرِ لَمّا وَلّاهُ على‏ مِصرَ - : ثُمّ اختَرْ لِلحُكمِ بينَ الناسِ أفضَلَ رَعِيَّتِكَ في نَفسِكَ ، ممَّن لا تَضيقُ بهِ الاُمورُ ، ولا تُمَحِّكُهُ الخُصومُ ، ولا يَتَمادى‏ في الزَّلَّةِ ، ولايَحصَرُ مِنَ الفَي‏ءِ إلَى الحَقِّ إذا عَرَفَهُ ، ولا تُشرِفُ نَفسُهُ على‏ طَمَعٍ ، ولا يَكتَفي بأدنى‏ فَهمٍ دونَ أقصاهُ ، وأوقَفَهُم في الشُّبُهاتِ ، وآخَذَهُم بالحُجَجِ وأقَلَّهُم تَبَرُّماً بمُراجَعَةِ الخَصمِ ، وأصبَرَهُم على‏ تَكشُّفِ الاُمورِ ، وأصرَمَهُم عِند اتِّضاحِ الحُكمِ ، مِمّن لا يَزدَهيهِ إطراءٌ ، ولا يَستَميلُهُ إغراءٌ ، واُولئكَ قَليلٌ ، ثُمّ أكثِر تَعاهُدَ (تَعهُّدَ) قَضائهِ5

5270. Imam Ali (AS), in a letter he wrote to al-Ashtar when he made him governor of Egypt, said, '...Then choose for judgment between people the best of your subjects, who are of excellent character and high caliber and for whom no issue or case is hard. They must not lose their temper, disputes should not let him fall astray they should not exceed in their mistakes, and when the truth is made clear to them they should not hesitate to accept it [change their verdict]. They should not lean towards greed. They should not satisfy themselves with the lowest of understanding over the highest, they must be more precautious than anyone else in doubtful and ambiguous matters. They must attach the greatest importance to reasoning, arguments and proofs. They must exhibit the least annoyance at seeing the opponent, be the most patient in scanning details, and most serious in the issuing of a verdict when the matter is clear. The praisings of people should not deceive them. They should not be misled by flattery, but unfortunately such people are few. After you have selected such men to act as your judges, make it a point to go through some of their judgments and to check their proceedings.'6

5271. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : اتَّقُوا الحُكومَةَ ؛ فإنَّ الحُكومَةَ إنّما هي لِلإمامِ العالِمِ بالقَضاءِ ، العادِلِ في المُسلمينَ ، لِنَبيٍّ أو وَصيِّ نبيٍّ7

5271. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Beware of governance, for verily governance is for the leader who is knowledgeable about judgment, just among the Muslims, and for a prophet or the successor of a prophet.'8

Notes

1. ص : 26

2. Quran 38 :26

3. الكافي : 7 / 406 / 2

4. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 406, no. 2

5. نهج البلاغة : الكتاب 53

6. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 52

7. الكافي : 7 / 406 / 1

8. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 406, no. 1

1535 - التَّحاكُمُ إلَى الطّاغوتِ‏

1535. BRINGING A CASE FOR JUDGMENT BEFORE A TYRANT

( أَلَمْ تَرَ إلَى الَّذِينَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُمْ آمَنُوا بِما أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ وَما أُنْزِلَ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ يُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يَتَحاكَمُوا إلَى الطَّاغُوتِ وَقَدْ أُمِرُوا أَنْ يَكْفُرُوا بِهِ)1

“Have you not regarded those who claim that they believe in what has been sent down to you, and what was sent down before you? They desire to seek the judgment of the Rebel, though they were commanded to defy it.” 2

5272. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام - في تَحاكُمِ رَجلَينِ مِن أصحابِهِ إلَى الطاغوتِ وبينَهُما مُنازَعَةٌ في دَينٍ أو مِيراثٍ - : مَن تَحاكَمَ إلَى الطاغوتِ فَحُكِمَ لَهُ فإنّما يَأخُذُ سُحتاً وإن كانَ حَقُّهُ ثابِتاً لَهُ ، لأ نّهُ أخَذَ بحُكمِ الطاغوتِ ، وقد أمَرَ اللَّهُ أن يَكفُرَ بهِ3

5272. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), with regard to two of his companions who went to be judged before a tyrant in a dispute they had about a loan or inheritance, said, 'Whoever goes to be judged before a tyrant and he judges in favour of one of them, whatever he is compensated is unlawful, even if it was rightfully his, because he took it by judgment of a tyrant when Allah has ordered him to reject the tyrant.'4

5273. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : إيّاكُم أن يُحاكِمَ بعضُكُم بَعضاً إلى‏ أهلِ الجَورِ ، ولكنِ انظُرُوا إلى‏ رجُلٍ مِنكُم يَعلَمُ شيئاً مِن قَضايانا فاجعَلُوهُ بينَكُم، فإنّي قد جَعَلتُهُ قاضيَاً فتَحاكَمُوا إلَيهِ5

5273. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Beware of seeking judgment amongst yourselves from oppressors. Rather, try to find a person among you who has some knowledge about our legal edicts and make him judge between you, for I have made such a person [with these qualifications] a judge, so seek judgment from him.'6

Notes

1. النساء : 60

2. Quran 4 :60

3. الكافي : 7 / 412 / 5

4. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 412, no. 5

5. كتاب من لا يحضره الفقيه : 3 / 2 / 3216

6. al-Faqih, v. 3, p. 2, no. 3216

1536 - خُطورَةُ عَمَلِ القَضاءِ

1536. THE DANGER IN THE OCCUPATION OF A JUDGE

5274. رَسولُ اللَّه صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَن جُعِلَ قاضياً فَقَد ذُبِحَ بغيرِ سِكِّينٍ فقيلَ : يا رسولَ اللَّهِ ، وما الذَّبحُ ؟ قالَ : نارُ جهنَّمَ1

5274. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever has been [wrongfully] appointed judge has been slaughtered without a knife.' He was asked, 'O Messenger of Allah, and what is meant by slaughtering?' He said, 'The Fire of Hell.'2

5275. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : إنَّ القاضيَ العَدلَ لَيُجاءُ بهِ يَومَ القِيامَةِ فَيَلقَى‏ مِن شِدَّةِ الحِسابِ ما يَتَمَنّى‏ أن لا يكونَ قَضى‏ بينَ اثنَينِ في تَمرَةٍ قَطُّ3

5275. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The just judge will be brought forward on the Day of Judgment and will be judged so severely that he will wish that he never judged between two people for so much as a date.'4

5276. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : إنَّ النَّواويسَ‏5 شَكَت إلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّوجلَّ شِدَّةَ حَرِّها ، فقالَ لَها عَزَّوجلَّ : اسكُتي ؛ فإنَّ مَواضِعَ القُضاةِ أشَدُّ حَرّاً مِنكِ !6

5276. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The Nawawis [a place in Hell] complained to Allah about the severity of the heat within them, so He said to them, 'Quiet! For the resting place of the judges is more severe in heat than yours!'7

Notes

1. مستدرك الوسائل : 17 / 243 / 21233

2. Mustadrak al-Wasa`il, v. 17, p. 243, no. 21233

3. كنز العمّال : 14988

4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 14988

5. موضع في جهنّم

6. كتاب من لا يحضره الفقيه : 3 / 6 / 3226

7. al-Faqih, v. 3, p. 6, no. 3226

1537 - طَلَبُ القَضاءِ

1537. SEEKING JUDGMENT

5277. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَنِ ابتَغى‏ القَضاءَ وسَألَ فيهِ الشُّفَعاءَ وُكِلَ إلى‏ نفسِهِ ، ومَن اُكرِهَ علَيهِ أنزَلَ اللَّهُ علَيهِ مَلَكاً يُسَدِّدُهُ1

5277. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever seeks to be a judge and asks the mediators will be left to himself, and whoever is forced in doing so, Allah will bring down to him an angel to protect him.'2

5278. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : لا يَطمَعَنَّ قَليلُ الفِقهِ في القَضاءِ3

5278. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'A person of little legal knowledge should not desire to be a judge.'4

Notes

1. كنز العمّال: 14994

2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 14994

3. بحار الأنوار : 104 / 264 / 5

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 104, p. 264, no. 5

1538 - آدابُ القَضاءِ

1538. THE ETIQUETTE OF JUDGING

أ - المُواساةُ بينَ الخُصومِ :

a. Equity Between Opposing Plaintiffs

5279. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَنِ ابتُلِيَ بالقَضاءِ بينَ المُسلمينَ فَلْيَعدِلْ بَينَهُم في لَحظِهِ وإشارَتِهِ ومَقعدِهِ ومَجلِسِهِ1

5279. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever is stricken with having to judge between Muslims must do so with fairness, in his glance, his indications, his sitting, and his gatherings.'2

5280. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - لِشُرَيحٍ - : ثُمّ واسِ بينَ المسلمينَ بوَجهِكَ ومَنطِقِكَ ومَجلِسِكَ ، حتّى‏ لا يَطمَعَ قَريبُكَ في حَيفِكَ ، ولا يَيأسَ عَدُوُّكَ مِن عَدلِكَ3

5280. Imam Ali (AS), speaking to Shurayh said, '...And act with equity between the Muslims with your face, speech, and sitting, in order that those who are close to you will not hope for bias from you, nor will your enemies despair of your justice.'4

ب - أن لا يَعلُوَ كلامُهُ كلامَ الخصمِ :

b. The Judge Should Not Raise His Voice over the Plaintiff's

5281. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - لأبي الأسوَدِ الدُّؤَليِّ لمّا سَألَهُ عن عِلّةِ عَزلِهِ عنِ القَضاءِ وهُو لم يَخُنْ ولم يَجنِ - : إنّي رَأيتُ كلامَكَ يَعلُو على‏ كلامِ الخَصمِ5

5281. Imam Ali, speaking to Abu al-Aswad al-Du?ali when he asked the Imam about the reason why he was discharged from being a judge, when he had neither been treacherous nor committed a crime, replied, 'I saw that your voice was raised above the voice of your plaintiff's.'6

ج - أنْ لا يَتَضَجَّرَ في مجلسِ القضاءِ :

c. Not Becoming Irritated

5282. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - لِشُرَيحٍ - : إيّاكَ والتَّضَجُّرَ والتَّأذِّيَ في مَجلِسِ القَضاءِ ، الذي أوجَبَ اللَّهُ فيهِ الأجرَ ، ويُحسِنُ فيهِ الذُّخرَ لِمَن قَضى‏ بالحَقِّ7

5282. Imam Ali (AS) said to Shurayh, 'Beware of becoming bored and irritated in the court of justice, wherein Allah has prescribed a reward and for which there will be good provision for he who judges honestly.'8

د - أن لا يَقضيَ قبلَ سماعِ كلامِ الخَصمَينِ معاً :

d. Not Passing Judgment before Listening to Both Sides

5283. رسولُ اللَّه صلى اللَّه عليه وآله - لِعَليٍّ عليه السلام - : إذا تَقاضى‏ إلَيكَ رَجُلانِ فلا تَقضِ لِلأوّلِ حتّى‏ تَسمَعَ مِن الآخَرِ ؛ فإنّكَ إذا فَعلتَ ذلكَ تَبَيَّنَ لكَ القَضاءُ

قالَ عليٌّ عليه السلام : فما زِلتُ بَعدَها قاضياً ، وقالَ لَهُ النبيُّ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : اللّهُمَّ فَهِّمْهُ القَضاءَ9

5283. The Prophet (SAWA) said to Imam Ali (AS), 'When two people bring a case against each other before you to be judged, do not judge the first before you hear out the second. If you adhere to this, judging will become clear for you.' Imam Ali (AS) said, 'And after that I continued to be a judge.' The Prophet (SAWA) said [supplicating for him], 'O Allah, make him understand judgment.'10

ه - عَدَمُ القَضاءِ في الغَضَبِ :

e. Not Passing Judgment While Angry

5284. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - لِشُرَيحٍ - : لا تُسارَّ أحَداً في مَجلِسِكَ ، وإن غَضِبتَ فَقُمْ ، فلا تَقضِيَنَّ فأنتَ غَضبانُ11

5284. Imam Ali (AS), said to Shurayh, 'Do not whisper to anyone in your court, and if you get angry leave, and do not judge whilst you are angry.'12

و - أن لا يَقضيَ وهو مُثقَلٌ بالنَّومِ :

f. Not Passing Judgment Whilst Being Overcome by Sleep

5285. دعائم الإسلام : نَهى‏ رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله أن يَقضيَ القاضي وهُو غَضبانُ أو جائعٌ أو ناعِسٌ13

5285. Daa'im al-Islam: 'The Prophet (SAWA) forbade for a judge to pass judgment whilst being angry, hungry or tired.'14

ز - أن لا يَقضيَ وهو جُوعانُ أو عَطشانُ :

g. Not Passing Judgment While Hungry or Thirsty

5286. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : لا يَقضِي القاضِي بَينَ إثنَينِ إلّا وهُوَ شَبعان رَيّان15

5286. The Prophet (SAWA) said, The judge should not pass judgment between two people unless he is satiated with food and water.'16

5287. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - لِشُرَيحٍ - : ولا تَقعُدَنَّ في مَجلِسِ القَضاءِ حتّى‏ تَطعَمَ17

5287. Imam Ali (AS), said to Shurayh, 'Do not sit in a session of justice until you have eaten.'18

ح - أن لا يُضيفَ أحدَ الخَصمَينِ :

h. Not Hosting Any of the Plaintiffs as a Guest

5288. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : إنَّ رجُلاً نَزَلَ بأميرِ المؤمنينَ عليه السلام فمَكَثَ عِندَهُ أيّاماً ، ثُمّ تَقَدَّمَ إلَيهِ في خُصومَةٍ لم يَذكُرْها لأميرِ المؤمنينَ عليه السلام ، فقالَ لَهُ : أخَصمٌ أنتَ ؟ قالَ : نَعَم ، قالَ : تَحَوَّلْ عنّا ، إنَّ رسولَ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله نَهى‏ أن يُضافَ الخَصمُ إلّا ومَعهُ خَصمُهُ19

5288. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) narrated, 'A person was a guest of the Commander of the Faithful (AS) and stayed with him for some days. He then presented him with a prior dispute that he had not mentioned to him (AS). The Imam said to him, 'Are you making a formal complaint?' He said, 'Yes.' The Imam said, 'Transfer from us [from our house], for the Messenger of Allah (SAWA) forbade the hosting of a plaintiff [for whom one is judge] unless the rival plaintiff is also with him.'20

ط - أن لا يُلَقِّنَ الشُّهودَ :

i. Not Suborning the Witnesses

5289. مستدرك الوسائل : إنّ رسولَ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله نَهى‏ أن يُحابِيَ القاضي أحَدَ الخَصمَينِ بكَثرَةِ النَّظَرِ وحُضورِ الذِّهنِ ، ونَهى‏ عَن تَلقينِ الشُّهودِ21

5289. It is narrated in Mustadrak al-Wasa?il: The Prophet (SAWA) forbade the judge to favour one of the plaintiffs [over the other] by looking at him too much or paying more attention to him, and he also forbade suborning witnesses.'22

Notes

1. كنز العمّال : 15032

2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 15032

3. وسائل الشيعة : 18 / 155 / 1

4. Wasa?il al-Shia, v. 18, p. 155, no. 1

5. عوالي اللآلي : 2 / 343 / 5

6. Awali al-La'ali, v. 2, p. 343, no. 5

7. الكافي : 7 / 413 / 1

8. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 413, no. 1

9. كتاب من لا يحضره الفقيه : 3 / 13 / 3238

10. al-Faqih, v. 3, p. 13, no. 3238

11. الكافي : 7 / 413 / 5

12. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 413, no. 5

13. دعائم الإسلام : 2 / 537 / 1907

14. Daa'im al-Islam, v. 2 p. 537, no. 1907

15. كنز العمّال : 15040

16. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 15040

17. الكافي : 7 / 413 / 1

18. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 413, no. 1

19. الكافي : 7 / 413 / 4

20. Ibid. v. 7, p. 413, no. 4

21. مستدرك الوسائل : 17 / 350 / 21549

22. Mustadrak al-Wasa?il, v. 17, p. 350, no. 21549

1539 - مَن يُسَدِّدُهُ اللَّهُ مِن القُضاةِ

1539. THE JUDGES WHOSE MISTAKES ALLAH REMEDIES

5290. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : ما مِن قاضٍ مِن قُضاةِ المُسلمينَ إلّا ومَعهُ مَلَكانِ يُسَدِّدانِهِ إلَى الحَقِّ مالَم يُرِدْ غيرَهُ ، فإذا أرادَ غيرَهُ وجارَ مُتَعمِّداً تَبَرَّأَ مِنهُ المَلَكانِ ووَكَلاهُ إلى‏ نفسِهِ1

5290. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'There is no Muslim judge who does not have two angels guiding him to the truth as long as he does not seek other than this [i.e. the truth]. If he does want other than the truth and intentionally gives wrong edicts, the two angels disown him and entrust him to his own [base] self.'2

5291. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : يَدُ اللَّهِ فوقَ رَأسِ الحاكِمِ تُرَفرِفُ بالرَّحمَةِ ، فإذا حافَ وَكَلَهُ اللَّهُ إلى‏ نفسِهِ3

5291. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The Hand of Allah hovers above the head of the judge with mercy. If he gives unjust rulings, Allah entrusts him to his own self.'4

Notes

1. كنز العمّال : 14993

2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 14993

3. الكافي : 7 / 410 / 1

4. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 410, no. 1

1540 - أصنافُ القُضاةِ

1540. TYPES OF JUDGES

5292. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : القُضاةُ أربَعةٌ : ثلاثةٌ في النارِ وواحِدٌ في الجَنَّةِ : رجُلٌ قَضى‏ بجَورٍ وهُو يَعلَمُ فهُو في النارِ ، ورَجُلٌ قَضى‏ بجَورٍ وهو لا يَعلَمُ فهُو في النارِ ، ورجلٌ قَضى‏ بالحَقِّ وهُو لا يَعلَمُ فهُو في النارِ ، ورجُلٌ قَضى‏ بالحَقِّ وهو يَعلَمُ فهُو في الجَنَّةِ1

5292. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Judges are of four types, three of them are in the Hellfire, and one in Heaven: a person who knowingly judges wrongfully is in the Hellfire; a person who unknowingly judges wrongfully is in the Hellfire; a person who unknowingly judges with truth is in the Hellfire; and a person who knowingly judges with truth is in Heaven.'2

Notes

1. الكافي : 7 / 407 / 1

2. Ibid. v. 7, p. 407, no. 1

1541 - قُضاةُ الحقّ‏

1541. JUST JUDGES

5293. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : أعدَلُ الخَلقِ أقضاهُم بِالحَقِّ1

5293. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The most just of creation is he who is the most best in judging according to the truth.'2

5294. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : خَيرُ النّاسِ قُضاةُ الحَقِّ3

5294. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The best of people are the judges of truth.'4

Notes

1. غرر الحكم : 3014

2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3014

3. بحار الأنوار : 104 / 266 / 20

4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 104, p. 266, no. 20

1542 - القَضاءُ بِالبَيِّنَةِ

1542. JUDGING WITH CLEAR EVIDENCE

5295. رسولَ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله - لمّا اختصم إليه رَجلانِ في مَواريثَ وأشياءَ قد دَرَسَتْ - : لعلَّ بعضَكُم أن يكونَ ألحَنَ بحُجَّتِهِ مِن بَعضٍ ، فَمَن قَضَيتُ لَهُ بشي‏ءٍ مِن حَقِّ أخيهِ فإنّما أقطَعُ لَهُ قِطعَةً مِن النارِ ، فقالَ لَهُ كُلُّ واحِدٍ مِن الرَّجُلَينِ : يا رسولَ اللَّهِ ، حَقّي هذا لِصاحبي ؟ فقالَ : ولكنِ اذهَبا فَتَوَخَّيا ثُمّ اسْتَهِما ثُمّ ليُحَلِّلْ كلُّ واحِدٍ مِنكُما صاحِبَهُ1

5295. The Prophet (SAWA) said to two men when they came to him with a dispute about the inheritance and things that had became effaced, 'One of you might be more agile in his evidence than the other. So if I was to judge something in his favour that was [actually] from the right of his brother, then I am giving him a part of Hell.' Each of the two men asked him, 'O Messenger of Allah, does this right of mine belong to my companion?' He replied, '[No], But go and become brothers and have compassion, and each of you should forgive the other.'2

5296. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله - لامرء القيس وقد اختصم هو ورجل في أرض - : ألكَ بَيِّنَةٌ ؟ قالَ : لا، قالَ : فَيَمِّنْهُ ، قالَ : إذَن واللَّهِ يَذهَبُ بأرضي ! قالَ : إن ذَهَبَ بأرضِكَ بيَمينِهِ كانَ ممَّن لا يَنظُرُ اللَّهُ إلَيهِ يَومَ القِيامَةِ ولا يُزَكِّيهِ ولَهُ عَذابٌ أليمٌ قالَ : فَفَزِعَ الرجُلُ وَرَدَّها إلَيهِ3

5296. The Prophet (SAWA), speaking to Imri? al-Qays who was in a dispute with another person about a piece of land, said, 'Do you have evidence?' He said, 'No'. The Prophet said, 'Then make him swear [by Allah].' He said, 'In that case, by Allah he will take my land!' The Prophet said, 'If by falsely swearing this person takes the land, he will be among those whom Allah will not look at on the Day of Judgment and He will not purify him, and he will be severely punished.' He said, 'The person became frightened as a result and returned the land to him.'4

5297. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : خَمسَةُ أشياءَ يَجِبُ علَى القاضي الأخْذُ فيها بظاهِرِ الحُكمِ : الوِلايَةُ والمَناكِحُ والمَواريثُ والذَّبايحُ والشَّهاداتُ ، إذا كانَ ظاهرُ الشُّهودِ مَأموناً جازَت شَهادَتُهُم ولا يَسألُ عن باطِنِهم5

5297. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There are five things a judge must accept at face value: guardianship, marriage, inheritance, slaughtering, and witnessings. If the witness appears trustworthy, their testimony is permitted, and they should not be asked about their inner aspects.'6

5298. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : إذا قامَ قائمُ آلِ محمّدٍ - علَيهِ وعلَيهِمُ السلامُ - حَكَمَ بينَ الناسِ بحُكمِ داودَ ، لا يَحتاجُ إلى‏ بَيِّنةٍ ، يُلهِمُهُ اللَّهُ تعالى‏ فَيَحكُمُ بعِلمِهِ7

5298. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'When al-Qaim [the one who will rise] from the household of Muhammad [i.e. the Mahdi] reappears - peace be upon him and them - he will judge among people as the the judging of Prophet David (AS). He will not need evidence as Allah, most High, will inspire into him and he will judge with his knowledge.'8

Notes

1. معاني الأخبار : 279

2. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 279

3. تنبيه الخواطر : 2 / 171

4. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2, p. 171

5. الخصال : 311 / 88

6. al-Khisal, p. 311, no. 88

7. بحار الأنوار : 14 / 14 / 23

8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 14, p. 14, no. 23

1543 - قَولُ الإمامِ : أما إنَّها حُكومَةٌ !

1543. THE SAYING OF Imam Ali: 'THIS IS INDEED LIKE A COURT OF JUSTICE'

5299. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام: إنَّ أميرَ المؤمنينَ عليه السلام ألقَى صِبيانُ الكُتّابِ ألواحَهُم بينَ يدَيهِ لِيُخَيِّرَ بينَهُم ، فقالَ : أما إنّها حُكومَةٌ ! والجَورُ فيها كالجَورِ في الحُكمِ ! أبلِغُوا مُعَلِّمَكُم إن ضَرَبَكُم فَوقَ ثلاثِ ضَرَباتٍ في الأدَبِ اقتُصَّ مِنهُ1

5299. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) narrated, 'Verily, the Commander of the Faithful (AS) made the school children put their writing tablets in front of him so as to choose from them, so he exclaimed, 'This is indeed like a court of justice, and injustice here is like injustice in a verdict! Inform your teacher that if he was to hit you more than three hits for discipline, he will be penalized.'2

Notes

1. وسائل الشيعة : 18 / 582 / 2

2. Wasa?il al-Shia, v. 18, p. 582, no. 2

334 - القلب‏

334. THE HEART

1544 - القَلبُ‏

1544. THE HEART

5300. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : إنَّ للَّهِ تعالى‏ في الأرضِ أوانِيَ ، ألا وهِي القُلوبُ ، فَأحَبُّها إلَى اللَّهِ ، أرَقُّها وأصفاها وأصلَبُها ؛ أرقُّها للإخوانِ، وأصفاها مِن الذُّنوبِ ، وأصلَبُها في ذاتِ اللَّهِ1

5300. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Allah, most High, has receptacles on the earth, and verily they are the hearts. The most beloved of hearts to Allah are the softest ones, the purest ones, and the firmest ones: those that are the softest to their brothers, those that are the most pure from sins, and those that are the firmest in the path of Allah.'2

5301. رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : إنَّ اللَّهَ تباركَ وتعالى‏ لا يَنظُرُ إلى‏ صُوَرِكُم ولا إلى‏ أموالِكُم ولكنْ يَنظُرُ إلى‏ قُلوبِكُم وأعمالِكُم3

5301. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Allah Almighty does not look at your appearances, nor at your possessions, rather he looks at your hearts and actions.'4

5302. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : القلبُ مُصحَفُ البَصَرِ5

5302. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The heart is the book of the sight.'6

5303. الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : إنَّ هذهِ القُلوبَ أوعِيَةٌ ، فخَيرُها أوعاها7

5303. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Verily these hearts are receptacles, and the best of them are the most receptive.'8

5304. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : مَوضِعُ العَقلِ الدِّماغُ ، والقَسوَةُ والرِّقَّةُ في القلبِ9

5304. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The place of the intellect is the brain, and the place of cruelty and softness is in the heart.'10

5305. الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : إنَّ مَنزِلَةَ القلبِ مِن الجَسَدِ بمَنزِلَةِ الإمامِ مِن الناسِ11

5305. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The status of the heart to the body is the same as that of a leader among people.'12

5306. الإمامُ الجوادُ عليه السلام : القَصدُ إلَى اللَّهِ تعالى‏ بالقُلوبِ أبلَغُ مِن إتعابِ الجَوارحِ بالأعمالِ13

5306. Imam al-Jawad (AS) said, 'Seeking Allah with the hearts is more effective than tiring the limbs with actions.'14

Notes

1. كنز العمّال : 1225

2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 1225

3. الأمالي للطوسي : 536 / 1162

4. Amali al-Tusi, p. 536, no. 1162

5. نهج البلاغة : الحكمة 409

6. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 409

7. نهج البلاغة : الحكمة 147

8. Ibid. Saying 147

9. تحف العقول : 371

10. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 371

11. علل الشرائع : 109 / 8

12. Ilal al-Sharai, p. 109, no. 8

13. الدّرة الباهرة : 39

14. al-Durra al-Bahira, p. 39


7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40