Alhassanain(p) Network for Heritage and Islamic Thought

Part 13: On Thirteen-Numbered Characteristics

The Thirteen Transmuted Groups

13-1 Muhammad ibn Ali Majiluyih - may God be pleased with him - narrated that Muhammad ibn Yahya al-Attar quoted Muhammad ibn al-Hussein, on the authority of Ali ibn Asbat, on the authority of Ali ibn Ja’far, on the authority of Muqayrih, on the authority of Aba Abdullah as-Sadiq (MGB), on the authority of his father (MGB), on the authority of his grandfather (MGB), “The transmuted Children of Adam (i.e. the people) are in thirteen groups. They include monkeys, swine, bats, lizards, bears, elephants, leeches, seals, scorpions, Canopus, Venus, spiders, and porcupines. The ‘monkeys’ refers to a tribe from the Children of Israel who lived by the sea. They violated the Shabbat1 and fished on Saturdays. Then God transmuted them into monkeys. The ‘swine’ refers to a group of the Children of Israel who were cursed by Jesus - the son of Mary (MGB). Then God transmuted them into swine. The ‘bat’ refers to a woman who exploited her wet-nurse by using magic. Then God transmuted her into a bat. And ‘lizard’ refers to a Bedouin Arab who killed anyone he saw. Then God transmuted him into a lizard. And ‘bear’ refers to a man who robbed the pilgrims. Then God transmuted him into a bear. And ‘elephant’ refers to a man who made love to beasts. Then God transmuted him into an elephant. And ‘leech’ refers to an adulterer who did not forsake of anything. Then God transmuted him into a leech. And ‘seal’ refers to a man who was a slanderer. Then God transmuted him into a seal. And ‘scorpion’ refers to a man who was a backbiter. Then God transmuted him into a scorpion. And ‘Canopus’2 refers to a tax collector whom God transmuted into a star. And ‘Venus’3 refers to a woman with whom Harut and Marut practiced black witchcraft.4 And ‘spider’ refers to an ill-natured woman who disobeyed her husband. Then God transmuted her into a spider. And ‘porcupine’ refers to an ill-natured man. Then God transmuted him into a porcupine.

13-2 Abul Hassan Ali ibn Abdullah ibn Ahmad al-Aswari al-Mozak’kar narrated that Maki ibn Ahmad ibn Sa’duyeh al-Barza’ee quoted Abu Muhammad Zakariya ibn Yahya ibn Ubayd ul-Attar in Damietta, on the authority of Al-Qalanesi, on the authority of Abdul Aziz ibn Abdullah al-Owaysi5 , on the authority of Ali ibn Ja’far, on the authority of Ma’tab - the servant of Ja’far, on the authority of Ja’far ibn Muhammad as-Sadiq (MGB), on the authority of his father (MGB), on the authority of his grandfather (MGB),

أبواب الثلاثة عشر

المسوخ ثلاثة عشر صنفا

13-1 حدثنا محمد بن علي ما جيلويه رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار‘ عن محمد بن أحمد بن يحيى قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسين، عن علي بن أسباط، عن علي بن جعفر، عن مغيرة، عن أبى عبد الله، عن أبيه، عن جده عليهم السلام قال: المسوخ من بني آدم ثلاثة عشر صنفا، منهم القردة والخنازير والخفاش والضب والدب والفيل والدعموص والجريث والعقرب وسهيل والقنفذ والزهرة والعنكبوت

فأما القردة فكانوا قوما من بني إسرائيل كانوا ينزلون على شاطئ البحر اعتدوا في السبت فصادوا الحيتان فمسخهم الله قردة، وأما الخنازير فكانوا قوما من بني اسرائيل دعا عليهم عيسى بن مريم عليه السلام فمسخهم الله خنازير، وأما الخفاش فكانت امرأة مع ظئرلها فسخرتها فمسخها الله خفاشا، وأما الضب فكان أعرابيا بدويا لا يدع عن قتل من مربه من الناس فمسخه الله ضبا، وأما الدب فكان رجلا يسرق الحاج فمسخه الله دبا. وأما الفيل فكان رجلا ينكح البهائم فمسخه الله فيلا، وأما الدعموص فكان رجلا زاني الفرج لا يدع من شيء فمسخه الله دعموصا. وأما الجريث فكان رجلا نماما فمسخه الله جريثا. وأما العقرب فكان رجلا همازا لمازا فمسخه الله عقربا. وأما سهيل فكان رجلا عشارا صاحب مكاس فمسخه الله كوكبا. وأما الزهرة فكانت امرأة فتنت هاروت وماروت فمسخها الله. وأما العنكبوت فكانت امرأة سيئة الخلق عاصية لزوجها مولية عند فمسخها الله عنكبوتا. وأما القنفذ فكان رجلا سيئ الخلق فمسخه الله قنفذا

13-2 حدثنا أبوالحسن علي بن أحمد الاسواري المذكر قال: حدثنا مكي ابن أحمد بن سعدويه البرذعي قال: حدنيا أبومحمد زكريا بن يحيى بن عبيد العطار بدمياط قال: حدثنا القلانسي قال: حدثنا عبدالعزيز بن عبد الله الاويسي قال: حدثنـا علي

on the authority of Ali ibn Abi Talib (MGB), “I asked God’s Prophet (MGB) about the transmuted ones. The Prophet (MGB) replied, ‘They are in thirteen groups. They are elephant, bear, swine, monkey, seal, lizard, bat, leech, scorpion, spider, rabbit, Canopus and Venus. Then I said, ‘O Prophet of God! What was the reason they were transmuted?’ The Prophet (MGB) replied, ‘The one who was transmuted into an elephant was a man who made love to almost anything.

The one who was transmuted into a bear was a shemale6 who invited men to herself.

And the ones that were transmuted into swine were a Christian tribe who asked their Lord to descend water for them. Then when it rained, they blasphemed more and denied God more strongly than before.

And the ones that were transmuted into monkeys were a tribe who violated the Shabbat7 .

And the one that was transmuted into a seal was a pimp who invited men to make love to his own wife.

And the one that was transmuted into a lizard was a Bedouin Arab who robbed the pilgrims’ crosiers8 .

And the one that was transmuted into a bat was a man who robbed the fruits from the top of palm trees.

And the one that was transmuted into a leech was a slanderer who caused disunion between loved ones.

And the one who was transmuted into a scorpion was a vulgar man who bothered everyone with his tongue.

And the one who was transmuted into a spider was a woman who was disloyal to her husband.

And the one that was transmuted into a rabbit was a woman who would not purify herself after menstruation etc.

And the one who was transmuted into Canopus was a tax-collector in Yemen.

And the one who was transmuted into Venus was a Christian woman who was from some of the Israel monarchs with whom Harut and Marut practiced black witchcraft.9 Her name was Naheel but the people called her Naheed.

The compiler of the book - may God be pleased with him - said, “The people made a mistake about Venus and Canopus and said that they were stars while it was not so. They were transmuted into two aqueous creatures

بن جعفر، عن معتب مولى جعفر، عن جعفر بن محمد، عن أبيه، عن جده، عن علي بن أبي طالب عليهم السلام قال: سألت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله عن المسوخ، فقال: هم ثلاثة عشر: الفيل والدب والخنزير والقرد والجريث والضب والوطواط والدعموص والعقرب والعنكبوت والارنب وسهيل والزهرة

فقيل: يا رسول الله ما كان سبب مسخهم؟

فقال: اما الفيل فكان رجلا لوطيا لا يدع رطبا ولا يابسا

وأما الدب فكان رجلا مؤنثا يدعو الرجال إلى نفسه

وأما الخنازير فكانوا قوما نصارى سألوا ربهم إنزال المائدة عليهم فلما انزلت عليهم كانوا أشد ما كانوا كفرا وأشد تكذيبا،

وأما القردة فقوم اعتدوا في السبت

وأما الجريث فكان رجلا ديوثا يدعو الرجال إلى حليلته

وأما الضب فكان رجلا أعرابيا يسرق الحاج بمحجنه

وأما الوطواط فكان رجلا يسرق الثمار من رؤوس النخل

وأما الدعموص فكان نماما يفرق بين الاحبة

وأما العقرب فكان رجلا لذاعا لا يسلم على لسانه أحد

وأما العنكبوت فكانت امرأة تخون زوجها

وأما الارنب فكانت امرأة لا يتطهر من حيض ولا غيره

وأما سهيل فكان عشارا باليمن

وأما الزهرة فكانت امرأة نصرانية وكانت لبعض ملوك بني إسرائيل وهي التي فتن بها هاروت وماروت وكان اسمها ناهيل والناس يقولون: ناهيد

قال مصنف هذا الكتاب رضي الله عنه: الناس يغلطون في الزهرة وسهيل فيقولون إنهما نجمان وليسا كما يقولون، ولكنهما دابتان من دواب البحر سميتا باسمي نجمين

from the sea which were named after two stars from the sky: just as some of the stars in the sky are named after some of the animals on the Earth such as Aries (the Ram), the Taurus (the Bull), Betelgeuse, Cancer (the Raven), Scorpion (the stag), Neptune (the Whale), Capricorn (the goat).

Thus, a mistake was made regarding Venus and Canopus since the people cannot see them given that they are two aqueous creatures which exist in the sea and the Honorable the Exalted God would not distort His enemies into the form of bright stars which would illuminate forever. The perverted would not live for more than three days. They will not reproduce either. There are no perverted creatures on the Earth these days. Animals like monkeys, pigs, bears or other similar animals are not perverted themselves, but are similar to those who were cursed and transmuted by the Honorable the Exalted God for denying the Unity of God and denouncing the Prophets. The Blessed the Sublime God has made it forbidden to eat their flesh. I heard this narration from Abil Hussein Muhammad ibn Ja’far Al-Asady - May God be pleased with him.

Boys Attain Puberty at Thirteen

13-3 (The compiler of the book narrated) that his father - may God be pleased with him - narrated that Sa’ed ibn Abdullah quoted Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Isa, on the authority of Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr al-Bazanty, on the authority of Abil Hussein al-Khadim - the pearl seller, on the authority of Abdullah ibn Sin’an that Aba Abdullah as-Sadiq (MGB) said, “My father asked the following question from the Imam (MGB) in my presence, ‘When would an orphan attain the age of puberty?’ The Imam (MGB) replied, ‘When he reaches sexual maturity.’ My father asked, ‘What is the decree in case a boy more or less reaches eighteen but doesn’t attain sexual maturity?’ The Imam (MGB) replied, ‘He will be held responsible for his actions as soon as he attains thirteen years of age whether or not he attains sexual maturity, unless he is retarded or insane.”

13-4 (The compiler of the book narrated) that his father - may God be pleased with him - narrated that Muhammad ibn Yahya al-Attar quoted Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Isa, on the authority of Al-Hassan ibn Ali al-Vasha, on the authority of Abdullah ibn Sin’an that Aba Abdullah as-Sadiq (MGB) said, “When a boy reaches thirteen years of age and goes into his fourteenth year, whatever is incumbent upon the sexually mature individual will become incumbent upon him whether or not he is sexually mature. His good and bad deeds shall be recorded. He is also allowed to control whatever is in possession, unless he is retarded or insane.”

في السماء كما سمت بروج في السماء بأسماء حيوان في الارض مثل الحمل والثور والجوزاء والسرطان والعقرب والحوت والجدي، وكذلك الزهرة وسهيل وإنما غلط الناس فيهما دون غيرهما لتعذر مشاهدتهما والنظر إليهما لانهما دابتان في البحر المطيف بالدنيا بحيث لا تبلغه سفينة ولا تعمل فيه حيلة وما كان الله عز وجل ليمسخ العصاة أنوارا مضيئة يهتدى بها في البر والبحر، ثم يبقيهما ما بقيت السماء والارض والمسوخ لم تبق أكثر من ثلاثة أيام حتى ماتت ولم تتوالد وهذه الحيوانات التي تسمى المسوخ فالمسوخية لها اسم مستعار مجازي بل هي مثل ما مسخ الله عز وجل على صورتها قوما عصوه واستحقوا بعصيانهم تغيير ما بهم من نعمة وحرم الله تبارك وتعالى لحومها لكيلا ينتفع بها ولا يستخف بعقوبتها حكيت لي هذه الحكاية عن أبي الحسين محمد بن جعفر الاسدي رضي الله عنه

حد بلوغ الغلام ثلاث عشرة سنة إلى اربع عشرة سنة

13-3 حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن أحمد بن محمد ابن عيسى، عن أحمد بن محمد بن أبي نصر البزنطي، عن أبي الحسين الخادم بياع اللؤلؤ، عن عبد الله بن سنان، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: سأله أبي وأنا حاضر عن اليتيم متى يجوز أمره قال: حتى يبلغ أشده، قال: وما أشده قال: الاحتلام، قال: قلت: قد يكون الغلام ابن ثمان عشرة سنة أو أقل أو أكثر ولا يحتلم؟ قال: إذا بلغ وكتب عليه الشئ جاز أمره إلا أن يكون سفيها أو ضعيفا

13-4 حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار، عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى، عن الحسن بن علي الوشاء، عن عبد الله بن سنان، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: إذا بلغ الغلام أشده ثلاث عشرة سنة ودخل في الاربع عشرة سنة وجب عليه ما وجب على المحتلمين احتلم أم لم يحتلم، وكتبت عليه السيئات وكتبت له الحسنات، وجاز له كل شيء من ماله إلا أن يكون ضعيفا أو سفيها

Thirteen Nobilities of the Commander of the Faithful Ali

13-5 (The compiler of the book narrated) that his father - may God be pleased with him - narrated that Abdullah ibn al-Hassan al-Mo’adab quoted Ahmad ibn Ali al-Isbahany on the authority of Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Saqafy, on the authority of Ja’far ibn al-Hassan ibn Ubaydullah ibn Musa al-Abasi, on the authority of Muhammad ibn Ali al-Salami, on the authority of Abdullah ibn Muhammad ibn Aqeel, on the authority of Jabir ibn Abdullah al-Ansari, “I heard God’s Prophet (MGB) mention several nobilities of Ali (MGB). If anyone had even one of those nobilities, it would suffice for his mastery over the other people. God’s Prophet (MGB) said, ‘Whoever I am a Master of, Ali is the Master of.’ God’s Prophet (MGB) said, ‘Ali’s position relative to me is the same as Aaron’s position relative to Moses.’ God’s Prophet (MGB) said, ‘Ali is from me and I am from Ali.’ God’s Prophet (MGB) said, ‘Ali to me is like me myself. Obeying him equals obeying me and disobeying him equals disobeying me.’ God’s Prophet (MGB) said, ‘Fighting with Ali equals fighting with God and making peace with Ali equals making peace with God.’ God’s Prophet (MGB) said, ‘Ali’s friends are God’s friends and Ali’s enemies are God’s enemies.’ God’s Prophet (MGB) said, ‘Ali is God’s Proof, and His Caliph reigning over His servants.’ God’s Prophet (MGB) said, ‘The love for Ali constitutes faith and the hatred for Ali constitutes atheism.’ God’s Prophet (MGB) said, ‘Ali’s party is God’s Party. The party of the enemies of Ali is Satan’s party.’ God’s Prophet (MGB) said, ‘Ali is with the truth and truth is with him. They will not separate from each other until they meet me (God’s Prophet (MGB)) at the Pool10 .’ God’s Prophet (MGB) said, ‘Ali (MGB) is the Qasim or the one who divides up Paradise and Hell?’ God’s Prophet (MGB) said, ‘Whoever cuts off from Ali (MGB) has cut off from me. Whoever cuts off from me has indeed cut off from the Honorable the Exalted God.’ God’s Prophet (MGB) said, ‘The followers of Ali shall all be prosperous on the Resurrection Day.’”

Notes

1. Shabbat is the Jewish holiday, “God blessed the seventh day and declared it holy,” says the book of Genesis, “because on it God ceased from all the work of creation that God had done” (Genesis 2:3). The seventh day is Shabbat, the Jewish Sabbath, which continues from sunset on Friday until one hour after sunset on Saturday. Jews are enjoined by the Torah to “remember the Sabbath day and keep it holy” (Exodus 20:8).

2. Canopus which is also called Suhail. Canopus, or Alpha Carinae, is the brightest star in the southern constellation of Carina. A yellowish-white super giant star, Canopus is the second brightest star in the sky with a visual magnitude of -0.62. It is located well into the southern hemisphere, at a Declination of -52° 42' (2000) and a Right Ascension of 06:24.0, and is visible on the southern horizon of even the southern US States as far north as Virginia or the African coast of the Mediterranean Sea.

3. Venus is a planet second in order from the sun.

4. Al-Ma’mun asked Al-Reza Ali ibn Musa (MGB) about the following which the people say, “Venus is the perverted form of a woman with whom Harut and Marut practiced black witchcraft and Canopus is the perverted form of the tax collector in Yemen.” Al-Reza (MGB) said, “No. They lie when they say that those two were perverted into Venus and Canopus stars. They were perverted into two aqueous creatures. The people are mistaken when they say that those two were perverted into two stars. God would not distort His enemies into the form of bright stars which would illuminate forever. The perverted would not live for more than three days. They will not reproduce either. There are no perverted creatures on the Earth these days. Animals like monkeys, pigs, bears or other similar animals are not perverted themselves, but are similar to those who were cursed and perverted by God for denying the Unity of God and denouncing the Prophets. However, Harut and Marut were two angels who taught the people magic so that they could escape from the magic of the magicians and cancel the effect of their magic. They told whomever they taught magic, ‘…We are only for trial; so do not blaspheme…’ [The Holy Quran: Baqara 2:102] However, there were some people who blasphemed via what they had learned and used what they had learned to cause discord and separation between husband and wife. The Honorable the Exalted God says, ‘… But they could not thus harm anyone except by Allah’s permission…’ [The Holy Quran: Baqara 2:102] meaning with His Knowledge.”

5. He is Abdul Aziz ibn Abdullah ibn Yahya ibn Amru ibn Oways Abul Qasim al-Madani.

6. Shemale (sometimes she-male) is a term for a person who appears to be female, possessing both breasts and male genitalia.

7. Shabbat is the Jewish holiday, “God blessed the seventh day and declared it holy,” says the book of Genesis, “because on it God ceased from all the work of creation that God had done” (Genesis 2:3). The seventh day is Shabbat, the Jewish Sabbath, which continues from sunset on Friday until one hour after sunset on Saturday. Jews are enjoined by the Torah to “remember the Sabbath day and keep it holy” (Exodus 20:8).

8. Pastoral staff usually with a curved or hooked tops.

9. Al-Ma’mun asked Al-Reza Ali ibn Musa (MGB) about the following which the people say, “Venus is the perverted form of a woman with whom Harut and Marut practiced black witchcraft and Canopus is the perverted form of the tax collector in Yemen.” Al-Reza (MGB) said, “No. They lie when they say that those two were perverted into Venus and Canopus stars. They were perverted into two aqueous creatures. The people are mistaken when they say that those two were perverted into two stars. God would not distort His enemies into the form of bright stars which would illuminate forever. The perverted would not live for more than three days. They will not reproduce either. There are no perverted creatures on the Earth these days. Animals like monkeys, pigs, bears or other similar animals are not perverted themselves, but are similar to those who were cursed and perverted by God for denying the Unity of God and denouncing the Prophets. However, Harut and Marut were two angels who taught the people magic so that they could escape the magic of the magicians and cancel the effect of their magic. They told whomever they taught magic, ‘…We are only for trial; so do not blaspheme…’[The Holy Quran: Baqara 2:102] However, there were some people who blasphemed via what they had learned and used what they had learned to cause discord and separation between husband and wife. The Honorable the Exalted God says, ‘… But they could not thus harm anyone except by Allah’s permission…’ [The Holy Quran: Baqara 2:102] meaning with His Knowledge.”

10. Al-Kauthar

Part 14: On Fourteen-Numbered Characteristics

The fourteen characteristics of dye

14-1 Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Yahya al-Attar - may God be pleased with him - narrated that his father quoted Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya ibn Imran al-Ash’ari, on the authority of Ibrahim ibn Ishaq al-Nahavandi, on the authority of Muhammad ibn Ali al-Baghdadi, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Abdullah ibn al-Mobarak, on the authority of Abdullah ibn

ثلاث عشرة خصلة من فضائل أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام

13-5 حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن الحسن المؤدب قال: حدثنا أحمد بن علي الاصبهاني، عن إبراهيم بن محمد الثقفي قال: حدثنا جعفر بن الحسن بن عبيدالله بن موسى العبسي، عن محمد بن علي السلمي، عن عبد الله بن محمد بن عقيل، عن جابر بن عبد الله الانصاري قال: لقد سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يقول في علي عليه السلام خصالا لو كانت واحدة منها في جميع الناس لاكتفوا بها فضلا قوله صلى الله عليه وآله: "من كنت مولاه فعلي مولاه"، وقوله صلى الله عليه وآله: "علي مني كهارون من موسى"، وقوله صلى الله عليه وآله: "علي مني وأنا منه"، وقوله صلى الله عليه وآله "علي مني كنفسي، طاعته طاعتي ومعصيته معصيتي"، وقوله صلى الله عليه وآله: "حرب علي حرب الله، وسلم علي سلم الله"،و قوله صلى الله عليه وآله: "ولي علي ولي الله، وعدو علي عدو الله " وقوله صلى الله عليه وآله: "علي حجة الله، وخليفته على عباده"، وقوله صلى الله عليه وآله: "حب علي إيمان وبغضه كفر"، وقوله صلى الله عليه وآله: "حزب علي حزب الله أعدائه حزب الشيطان" وقوله صلى الله عليه وآله: "علي مع الحق والحق معه، لا يفترقان حتى يردا علي الحوض"، وقوله صلى الله عليه وآله: "علي قسيم الجنة والنار"، وقوله صلى الله عليه وآله: "من فارق عليا فقد فارقني، ومن فارقني فقد فارق الله عز وجل"، وقوله صلى الله عليه وآله: "شيعة علي هم الفائزون يوم القيامة ".

أبواب الاربعة عشر

في الخضاب أربع عشرة خصلة

14-1 حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن يحيى العطار رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا أبي، عن محمد بن أحمد بن يحيى بن عمران الاشعري، عن إبراهيم بن إسحاق النهاوندي، عن محمد بن علي البغدادي عن أبيه، عن عبد الله بن المبارك، عن عبد الله بن زيد

Zayd who linked it up through a chain of narrators to the Prophet (MGB), “It is better to spend a single Dirham for dye than to spend one-thousand Dirhams for the sake of God, since it has fourteen characteristics. It releases the wind from the ears, it improves the sight. It softens the nasals. It makes your breath smell fresh, strengthens the gums, and eliminates weakness. It lessens Satanic inspirations, gladdens the angels, delivers glad tidings to the believers, and enrages the disbelievers. It is both one’s ornament and scent. It would make the questioning angels (Nakir and Munkar1 ) feel shy.”

14-2 Muhammad ibn Ali ibn ash-Shah narrated that Abu Hamid quoted Abu Yazid, on the authority of Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Salih al-Tamimy, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Anas ibn Muhammad Abu Malik, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Ja’far ibn Muhammad as-Sadiq (MGB), on the authority of his father (MGB), on the authority of his grandfather (MGB), on the authority of Ali ibn Abi Talib (MGB), that in his will to Ali (MGB), God’s Prophet (MGB) told him, “O Ali! It is better to spend a single Dirham for dye than to spend one-thousand Dirhams for the sake of Allah since it has fourteen characteristics. It releases the wind from the ears, it improves the sight. It softens the nasals. It scents the flavor, strengthens the gums, and eliminates weakness. It lessens Satanic inspirations, gladdens the angels, delivers glad tidings to the believers, and enrages the disbelievers. It is both one’s ornament and scent. It would make the questioning angels (Nakir and Munkar2 ) feel shy. That would constitute one’s innocence in the grave.”

14-3 Abu Ahmad Muhammad ibn Ja’far al-Bandar al-Shafe’ee al-Furqany in Furqan narrated that Abu Bakr Mosadat ibn Asma’ quoted Abu Amr Ahmad ibn Hazim ibn Muhammad ibn Yunus ibn Muhammad ibn Hazim Abi Qarzat al-Qaffari - a companion of the Prophet of God, on the authority of Muhammad ibn Kanasah Abu Yahya Al-Asady, his father, on the authority of Hisham ibn Urwah3 , on the authority of Uthman ibn Urwah, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Az-Zubayr ibn al-Awam that God’s Prophet (MGB) said, “Dye your hair in such a way that you do not look like the Christians or the Jews.”

14-4 Abu Muhammad - Muhammad ibn Abdullah al-Shafe’ee in Furqana narrated that Abu Ja’far Muhammad ibn Ja’far al-Ash’as quoted Abu Hatam Muhammad ibn Idris, on the authority of Muhammad ibn Abdullah al-Ansari, on the authority of Muhammad ibn Amr ibn Al-Qamat, on the authority of Abi Salma, on the authority of Abi Hurayrih that God’s Prophet (MGB) said, “Dye your hair in such a way that you do not look like the Christians or the Jews.”

رفع الحديث إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله أنه قال: درهم في الخضاب أفضل من نفقة ألف درهم في سبيل الله، وفيه أربع عشرة خصلة: يطرد الريح من الاذنين، ويجلو الغشاوة عن البصر، ويلين الخياشيم، ويطيب النكهة، ويشد اللثة، ويذهب بالضنى ويقل وسوسة الشيطان، وتفرح به الملائكة. ويستبشر به المؤمن، ويغبظ به الكافر، وهو زينة وطيب، وبراء‌ة في قبره، ويستحيى منه منكر ونكير

14-2 حدثنا محمد بن علي بن الشاه قال: حدثنا أبوحامد قال: حدثنا أبويزيد قال: حدثنا محمد بن أحمد بن صالح التميمي، عن أبيه قال: حدثنا أنس بن محمد بن أبومالك، عن أبيه، عن جعفر بن محمد، عن أبيه، عن جده، عن علي ابن أبي طالب عليهم السلام عن النبي صلى الله عليه وآله أنه قال في وصيته له: يا علي درهم في الخضاب أفضل من ألف درهم ينفق في سبيل الله، وفيه أربع عشرة خصلة: يطرد الريح من الاذنين، ويجلو البصر، ويلين الخياشيم، ويطيب النكهة، ويشد اللثة، ويذهب بالضنى، ويقل وسوسة الشيطان، وتفرح به الملائكة، ويستبشر به المؤمن، ويغيظ به الكافر، وهو زينة وطيب، ويستحيى منه منكر ونكير، وهو براء‌ة له في قبره

14-3 حدثنا أبوأحمد محمد بن جعفر البندار الشافعي الفرغاني بفرغانة قال: حدثنا أبوبكر مسعدة بن أسمع قال: حدثنا أبوعمرو أحمد بن حازم بن محمد بن يونس ابن محمد بن حازم أبي غرزة الغفاري صاحب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله قال أحمد: أخبرنا محمد ابن كناسة أبويحيى الاسدي قال: حدثنا هشام بن عروة، عن عثمان بن عروة، عن أبيه، عن الزبير بن العوام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: غيروا الشيب ولا تتشبهوا باليهود والنصارى

14-4 حدثنا أبومحمد محمد بن عبد الله الشافعي بفرغانة قال: أخبرنا أبوجعفر محمد ابن جعفر الاشعث قال: حدثنا أبوحاتم محمد بن إدريس قال: حدثنا محمد بن عبد الله الانصاري، عن محمد بن عمرو بن علقمة، عن أبي سلمة عن أبي هريرة قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: غيروا الشيب ولا تتشبهوا باليهود والنصارى

The compiler of the book - may God be pleased with him - said, “I heard these two last traditions regarding the use of dye from Zubayr (ibn al-Awam) and Abi Hurayrih. The Nasabites4 denounce this act of the Shiites in use of dye for the hair. However, they cannot deny these two narrations that are cited from themselves.

Perform Major Ablutions in Fourteen Circumstances

14-5 (The compiler of the book narrated) that his father - may God be pleased with him - narrated that Sa’ed ibn Abdullah quoted Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Isa, on the authority of Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr al-Bazanty, on the authority of Abdullah ibn Sin’an, on the authority of Aba Abdullah as-Sadiq (MGB), “One should make major ritual ablutions (ghusl) in fourteen circumstances:1- For the deceased.2- After becoming impure due to sexual intercourse.3- Once you perform the major ritual ablutions (ghusl) for the deceased and shroud the corpse, or when you touch the corpse after if gets cold.4- On Fridays.5- On the day of Eid ul-Azha.6- On the day of Eid ul-Fitr.7- On the day of Arafat.5 8- On the day of wearing the Ihram (Taharrum)6 and entering the House of God.9- Upon entering the Ka’ba. 10- Upon entering the Shrines in Mecca and Medina. 11- On the pilgrimage day. 12- On the night of the 19th of Ramazan (on which one’s destiny is recorded). 13- On the night of the 21st of Ramazan (on which the Trustees of the Prophets have died, Jesus - the son of Mary (MGB) was raised up to Heaven and Moses (MGB) died). 14- On the night of the 23rd of Ramazan (which is hoped to be the Night of Power).7 ”

14-6 Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Haysam al-Ajali - may God be pleased with him - narrated that Ahmad ibn Yahya ibn Zakaria al-Qat’tan quoted Bakr ibn Abdullah ibn Habib, on the authority of Tamim ibn Buhlool, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Abdullah ibn al-Fazl al-Hashemi, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Zyad ibn al-Monzar, on the authority of a group of the elders, on the authority of Haziqat ibn al-Yaman, “Those who startled the Prophet’s she-camel upon his return from the Battle of Tabuk8 were the following fourteen:

Abul Sharur, Abul Davahi, Abul Ma’azif and his father, Talha, Sa’ed ibn Abi Vaqas, Abu Ubayda, Abul Oar, Al-Muqayrih, Salim - the servant of Ibn Haziqat, Khalid ibn Valid, Amr ibn As, Abu Musa al-Ash’ari, and Abdul Rahman ibn Oaf. They are the ones about whom the Honorable the Exalted God revealed the following, ‘…and they meditated a plot which they were unable to carry out:’9 ”

قال: مصنف هذا الكتاب رضي الله عنه: إنما أوردت هذين الخبرين في الخضاب أحدهما عن الزبير والآخر عن أبي هريرة لان أهل النصب ينكرون على الشيعة استعمال الخضاب ولا يقدرون على دفع ما يصح عنهما وفيهما حجة لنا عليهم

الغسل في أربعة عشر موطنا

14-5 حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن أحمدبن محمد بن عيسى، عن أحمدبن محمد بن أبي نصر البزنطي قال: حدثني عبد الله بن سنان، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: إن الغسل في أربعة عشرموطنا: غسل الميت، وغسل الجنب، وغسل من غسل الميت، وغسل الجمعة، والعيدين، ويوم عرفة، وغسل الاحرام ودخول الكعبة، ودخول الكعبة، ودخول الحرم، والزيارة، وليلة تسع عشرة، وإحدى وعشرين، وثلاث وعشرين من شهر رمضان

اصحاب العقبة أربعة عشر رجلا

14-6 حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن الهيثم العجلي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا أحمد بن يحيى بن زكريا القطان، قال: حدثنا بكر بن عبد الله بن حبيب، قال: حدثنا تميم ابن بهلول، عن أبيه، عن عبد الله بن الفضل الهاشمي، عن أبيه، عن زياد بن المنذر قال: حدثني جماعة من المشيخة، عن حذيفة بن اليمان أنه قال: الذين نفروا برسول الله ناقته في منصرفه من تبوك أربعة عشر: أبوالشرور، وأبوالدواهي، وأبوالمعازف، وأبوه، وطلحة، وسعد بن أبي وقاص، وأبوعبيدة، وأبو الاعور، والمغيرة، وسالم مولى أبي حذيفة، وخالد بن وليد، وعمرو بن العاص، وأبو موسى الاشعري، وعبدالرحمن بن عوف، وهم الذين أنزل الله عز وجل فيهم "وَهَمُّوا بِمَا لَمْ يَنَالُوا ."

Notes

1. Munkar and Nakir are the angels who test the faith of the dead in their graves. After death, a person's soul passes through a stage called Barzakh, where it exists in the grave (even if the person's body was destroyed, the soul will still rest in the earth near its place of death). Nakir and Munkar prop the deceased soul upright in the grave and ask three questions, "Who is your Lord? Who is your Prophet? What is your religion?" A righteous believer will respond correctly, saying that his Lord is Allah, that Muhammad is his Prophet and that his religion is Islam. If the deceased answers correctly, the time spent awaiting the Resurrection is pleasant. Those who do not answer as described above are chastised until the Day of Judgment. Muslims believe that a person will correctly answer the questions not by remembering the answers before death but by his faith and deeds such as praying and shahadah (witnessing). Munkar is sometimes referred to under the name of Munkir.

2. Munkar and Nakir are the angels who test the faith of the dead in their graves. After death, a person's soul passes through a stage called Barzakh, where it exists in the grave (even if the person's body was destroyed, the soul will still rest in the earth near its place of death). Nakir and Munkar prop the deceased soul upright in the grave and ask three questions, "Who is your Lord? Who is your Prophet? What is your religion?" A righteous believer will respond correctly, saying that his Lord is Allah, that Muhammad is his Prophet and that his religion is Islam. If the deceased answers correctly, the time spent awaiting the Resurrection is pleasant. Those who do not answer as described above are chastised until the Day of Judgment. Muslims believe that a person will correctly answer the questions not by remembering the answers before death but by his faith and deeds such as praying and shahadah(witnessing). Munkar is sometimes referred to under the name of Munkir.

3. Hisham ibn Urwah was a prominent narrator of traditions, son of Urwah ibn al-Zubayr, grandson of Zubayr ibn al-Awwam and Asma bint Abu Bakr. In Medina, his pupils included people as well-known as Malik ibn Anas.

4. Nasabites are Muslims who are enemies of Imam Ali (MGB). This word doesn’t apply to any specific sect, rather it has been used for those who were opposed to Imam Ali (MGB), or those who swore at him. They were mostly from the Kharajites who appeared after the Battle of Saf’fayn in which Muaviyah put the Quran on spears, and they stopped fighting with him. Later on they turned against Imam Ali (MGB) and became organized.

5. The ninth day of the Arabic month of Dhul-Hijja when Hajj has just concluded. Millions of Muslims have gathered in Mecca to perform the ancient rites of the pilgrimage, established by the Prophet Abraham (MGB) and restored and purified by the Prophet Muhammad (MGB) for all mankind until the end of time. The central event of Hajj is standing on the plain of Arafat on the afternoon and until sunset of the ninth day of Dhul-Hijja.

6. The pilgrim's dress, and also the state in which the pilgrim is held to be from the time he assumes this distinctive garb until he lays it aside. It consists of two new white cotton cloths, each six feet long by three and a half broad. One of these sheets, termed rida' is thrown over the back, and, exposing the arm and shoulder, is knotted at the right side in the style called wishah. The other, called izar, is wrapped round the loins from the waist to the knee, and knotted or tucked in at the middle.

7. Laylatul Qadr.

8. The Battle of Tabuk is said to have taken place in October of 630 A.D. Tabuk is in present-day northwestern Saudi Arabia. The expedition of Tabuk is alleged to have taken place in the ninth year of the Muslim calendar. Heraclius, then Emperor of the Byzantine empire, had decided that reducing the growing Muslim power had become an urgent necessity and the conquest of Arabia should be achieved before the Muslims became too powerful to conquer, and raise troubles and unrest in the adjacent Arab territories. According to the Muslim accounts, the Byzantine Emperor rumored to have mustered a huge army of Byzantine soldiers and pro-Roman Ghassanid tribes to launch a decisive military attack against the Muslims. Many rumors of the danger threatening Muslim life was carried to Mecca by some Nabateans who traded from Syria to Medina. The Prophet Muhammad (MGB) announced plans to raise an army for an expedition to Syria. Though in a famine and without much funds in the treasury, all who could contribute what they could. Eventually they set out. The Prophet Muhammad (MGB) marched northwards to Tabuk. The army that numbered 30,000 fighters was a great one, when compared with the previous armies of Islam. Muslims had never marched with such a great number before. After arriving at Tabuk and camping there, Muhammad's army was prepared to face the Byzantines. However, the Byzantines were not at Tabuk. They stayed there for a number of days and scouted the area, but they never remained there. According to some Muslim historians, upon learning of Muhammad's march north, the Byzantines and their allies probably withdrew without a fight. The local tribes gave their allegiance to Muhammad (MGB) and agreed to the payment of the Jizya (protection tribute). The administrator of the Jizya , Yahna bin Rawbah, came to Muhammad (MGB) and made peace with him, paying him the Jizya and Muhammad in return gave each tribe a letter of guarantee, similar to Yahna's:

In the Name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.

This is a guarantee of protection from Muhammad to Yahna bin Rawbah and the people of Allah; their ships, their caravans on the land and sea shall have custody of Muhammad, he and whosoever are with him of Ash-Sham people and those of the sea. Whosoever contravenes this treaty, his wealth shall not save him; it shall be the fair prize of him that takes it. Now it should not be lawful to hinder the men from any springs which they have been in the habit of frequenting, nor from any journeys they desire to make, whether by sea or by land.

9. The Holy Quran: Tauba 9:74.