Alhassanain(p) Network for Heritage and Islamic Thought

كِتَابُ الصَّلَاةِ

THE BOOK OF SALĀT (6)

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم الحمد لله رب العالمين، وصلى الله على سيدنا محمد وآله الطاهرين، وسلم تسليما

In the Name of Allahazwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. The Praise is for Allahazwj Lordazwj of the Worlds, and Blessing be upon our Chief Muhammadsaww and hissaww Purified Progenyasws , and greetings with abundant greetings.

أبوابُ السَّفَرِ

CHAPTERS ON TRAVELLING

76 - بَابُ وَقْتِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي السَّفَرِ وَالْجَمْعِ بَيْنَ الصَّلَاتَيْنِ‌

Chapter 76 – Timing of the Salāt during the journey and the gathering between the two Salāt

1. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ الْجَمَّالِ، قَالَ: صَلَّيْتُ خَلْفَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عِنْدَ الزَّوَالِ، فَقُلْتُ: بِأَبِي وَأُمِّي، وَقْتُ الْعَصْرِ ؟ فَقَالَ: « وَقْتُ مَا تَسْتَقِيلُ إِبِلَكَ ». فَقُلْتُ: إِذَا كُنْتُ فِي غَيْرِ سَفَرٍ؟ فَقَالَ: « عَلى أَقَلَّ مِنْ قَدَمٍ، ثُلُثَيْ قَدَمٍ وَقْتُ الْعَصْرِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Abu Nasr, from SafwanAl-Jammal who said ,

‘I prayedSalāt behind Abu Abdullahasws at midday, and I said, ‘By my father and my mother! (What is) the time forAl-Asr (Salāt) ?’ So heasws said: ‘The time when you kneel your camel’. So I said, ‘When it was during other than a journey?’ So heasws said: ‘Upon less than one step (to) less than two-thirds of a step (shadow), it is time forAl-Asr’ .1

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ شَمُّونٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ، عَنْ مِسْمَعٍ أَبِي سَيَّارٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنْ وَقْتِ الظُّهْرِ فِي يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ فِي السَّفَرِ؟ فَقَالَ: « عِنْدَ زَوَالِ الشَّمْسِ، وَذلِكَ وَقْتُهَا يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فِي غَيْرِ السَّفَرِ ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Shamoun, from Abdullah Bin Al Qasim, from Misma’a Abu Sayyar who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about the time forAl-Zohr (Salāt) on the day of Friday during the journey. So heasws said: ‘At the (start of the) decline of the sun, and that is its time during the day of Friday, in other than a journey’.2

3. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم إِذَا كَانَ فِي سَفَرٍ، أَوْ عَجَّلَتْ بِهِ حَاجَةٌ، يَجْمَعُ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ، وَبَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ ». قَالَ: وَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « لَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ تُعَجِّلَ الْعِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةَ فِي السَّفَرِ‌ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغِيبَ الشَّفَقُ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, from Al Halby,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘It was so that whenever Rasool-Allahsaww was in a journey, or due to a reason of a need, would gather togetherAl-Zohr and Al Asr (Salāt) , and betweenAl-Maghrib andAl-Isha (Salāt).

H e (the narrator) said, ‘And heasws said: ‘Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘There is no problem with hastening the last Isha (Salāt) during the journey before the disappearing of the twilight (redness)’.3

4. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ أَنَا وَنَفَرٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا مُتَرَافِقِينَ فِيهِمْ مُيَسِّرٌ فِيمَا بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَالْمَدِينَةِ، فَارْتَحَلْنَا وَنَحْنُ نَشُكُّ فِي الزَّوَالِ، فَقَالَ بَعْضُنَا لِبَعْضٍ: فَامْشُوا بِنَا قَلِيلاً حَتّى نَتَيَقَّنَ الزَّوَالَ، ثُمَّ نُصَلِّيَ، فَفَعَلْنَا، فَمَا مَشَيْنَا إِلاَّ قَلِيلاً حَتّى عَرَضَ لَنَا قِطَارُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، فَقُلْتُ: أَتَى الْقِطَارُ، فَرَأَيْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: صَلَّيْتُمْ؟ فَقَالَ لِي: أَمَرَنَا جَدِّي، فَصَلَّيْنَا الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ جَمِيعاً، ثُمَّ ارْتَحَلْنَا، فَذَهَبْتُ إِلى‌ أَصْحَابِي، فَأَعْلَمْتُهُمْ ذلِكَ.

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Fazzal, from Ibn Bukeyr, from Ubeyd Bin Zurara who said,

‘I and a number of our companions were in a group; among them was Muyassar in what is between Makkah andAl-Medina. So we r ode and we were in doubt regarding the midday. So some of us said to the others, ‘Walk a little with us until we are certain of the midday, then we should pray’. So we did, and we had not walked except for a little until there presented to us the caravan of Abu Abdullahasws . So I said, ‘The caravan has come’. So I saw Muhammad Bin Ismail, and I said to him, ‘Have you prayedSalāt? ’ So he said to me , ‘My grandfatherasws instructed us, so we prayedAl-Zohr andAl-Asr together, then we rode’. So I went over to my companions and let them know of that’.4

5. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ، عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ أَبَانٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « وَقْتُ الْمَغْرِبِ فِي السَّفَرِ إِلى ثُلُثِ اللَّيْلِ ». وَرُوِيَ أَيْضاً: « إِلى نِصْفِ اللَّيْلِ ».

Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Abdullah Bin Aamir, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Aban, from Umar Bin Yazeed who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘The timing forAl-Maghrib during the journey it up to a third of the night’. And it is reported as well, ‘Up to half the night’. 5

77 - بَابُ حَدِّ الْمَسِيرِ الَّذِي تُقْصَرُ فِيهِ الصَّلَاةُ‌

Chapter 77 – A limit of the traveller at which he would shorten the Salāt

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ جَمِيلٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « التَّقْصِيرُ فِي بَرِيدٍ: وَالْبَرِيدُ أَرْبَعَةُ‌ فَرَاسِخَ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Jameel, from Zurara,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘The shortening is in a Bareyd, and the Bareyd is of four Farsakhs (approximately 12 miles)’.6

2. وَعَنْهُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : أَدْنى مَا يَقْصُرُ فِيهِ الْمُسَافِرُ؟ فَقَالَ: « بَرِيدٌ ».

And from him, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abu Ayoub who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘The least of what the traveler would be shortening (hisSalāt) in?’ So heasws said: ‘A Bareyd (12 miles approx.)’.7

3. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْخَزَّازِ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « بَيْنَا نَحْنُ جُلُوسٌ، وَأَبِي عِنْدَ وَالٍ لِبَنِي أُمَيَّةَ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ إِذْ جَاءَ أَبِي، فَجَلَسَ، فَقَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ هذَا قُبَيْلُ، فَسَأَلَهُمْ عَنِ التَّقْصِيرِ، فَقَالَ قَائِلٌ مِنْهُمْ: فِي ثَلَاثٍ، وَقَالَ قَائِلٌ مِنْهُمْ: يَوْمٍ وَلَيْلَةٍ، وَقَالَ قَائِلٌ مِنْهُمْ: رَوْحَةٍ، فَسَأَلَنِي، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم لَمَّا نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُعليه‌السلام بِالتَّقْصِيرِ، قَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم : فِي كَمْ ذَاكَ؟ فَقَالَ: فِي بَرِيدٍ، قَالَ: وَأَيُّ شَيْ‌ءٍ الْبَرِيدُ؟ قَالَ: مَا بَيْنَ ظِلِّ عَيْرٍ إِلى فَيْ‌ءِ وُعَيْرٍ ». قَالَ: « ثُمَّ عَبَرْنَا زَمَاناً، ثُمَّ رَأى بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ يَعْمَلُونَ أَعْلَاماً عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ، وَأَنَّهُمْ ذَكَرُوا مَا تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، فَذَرَعُوا مَا بَيْنَ ظِلِّ عَيْرٍ إِلى فَيْ‌ءِ وُعَيْرٍ، ثُمَّ جَزَّؤُوهُ إِلى اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ مِيلاً، فَكَانَ ثَلَاثَةَ آلَافٍ وَخَمْسَمِائَةِ ذِرَاعٍ كُلُّ مِيلٍ، فَوَضَعُوا الْأَعْلَامَ، فَلَمَّا ظَهَرَ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ، غَيَّرُوا أَمْرَ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ غَيْرَةً: لِأَنَّ الْحَدِيثَ هَاشِمِيٌّ، فَوَضَعُوا إِلى جَنْبِ كُلِّ عَلَمٍ عَلَماً ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Khazzaz, from one of our companions,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said ‘While weasws were seated and myasws fatherasws was in the presence of a governor of the Clan of Umayya uponAl-Medina. When my asws fatherasws came over and was seated, so heasws said: ‘Iasws was in the presence of someone such as this, so he asked them about the shortening. So a speaker from them said, ‘In three (days of travel)’, and a speaker from them said, ‘One day and night’, and a speaker from them said, ‘An early journey’.

So he asked measws , and Iasws said to him, ‘When Jibraeelas descended unto Rasool-Allahsaww with the shortening (of theSalāt) . The Prophetsaww to himas : ‘In how much is that?’ So heas said: ‘In one Bareyd (12 miles)’. Hesaww said: ‘And which this isAl-Bareyd?’ Heas s aid: ‘What is between a shadow of (mount) Ayr to (mount) Wueyr’.

Hesaww said: ‘Then the time passed. Then beholders saw the Clan of Umayya constructing signs upon the road, and they remembered what Abu Ja’farasws had spoken of, so they measure out what is between the shadow of (mount) Ayr up to (mount) Wueyr, and measured it to be twelve miles. So it happened to be three thousand and five hundred cubit for each mile. So they paced the signs. So when the Clan of Hashim were victorious, they changed it and the matter of the Clan of Umayya was changed, because the Hadeeth is Hashimite, so they placed to the side of each sign, a sign’.8

4. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: سُئِلَ عَنْ حَدِّ الْأَمْيَالِ الَّتِي يَجِبُ فِيهَا التَّقْصِيرُ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم جَعَلَ حَدَّ الْأَمْيَالِ مِنْ ظِلِّ عَيْرٍ إِلى‌ ظِلِّ وُعَيْرٍ، وَهُمَا جَبَلَانِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ، فَإِذَا طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ، وَقَعَ ظِلُّ عَيْرٍ إِلى ظِلِّ وُعَيْرٍ، وَهُوَ الْمِيلُ الَّذِي وَضَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم عَلَيْهِ التَّقْصِيرَ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of his companions,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws , said, ‘Heasws was asked about a limit of the miles which Obligated the shortening in it. So Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘A limit of the miles was made to be from the shade of (mount) Ayr up to the shade of (mount) Wueyr, and these two are mountains inAl-Medina. So when the sun emerged, the shadow of (mount) Ayr fell upon the shadow of (mount) Uweyr), and it is the mile which Rasool-Allahsaww placed upon the shortening’.9

5. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَرْقِيِّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ الْجَبَلِيِّ، عَنْ صَبَّاحٍ الْحَذَّاءِ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِعليه‌السلام عَنْ قَوْمٍ خَرَجُوا فِي سَفَرٍ، فَلَمَّا انْتَهَوْا إِلَى الْمَوْضِعِ الَّذِي يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِمْ فِيهِ التَّقْصِيرُ، قَصَّرُوا مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ، فَلَمَّا صَارُوا عَلى فَرْسَخَيْنِ، أَوْ عَلى ثَلَاثَةِ فَرَاسِخَ أَوْ أَرْبَعَةٍ، تَخَلَّفَ عَنْهُمْ رَجُلٌ لَايَسْتَقِيمُ لَهُمْ سَفَرُهُمْ إِلاَّ بِهِ، فَأَقَامُوا يَنْتَظِرُونَ مَجِيئَهُ إِلَيْهِمْ، وَهُمْ لَايَسْتَقِيمُ لَهُمُ السَّفَرُ إِلاَّ بِمَجِيئِهِ إِلَيْهِمْ، فَأَقَامُوا عَلى ذلِكَ أَيَّاماً لَايَدْرُونَ هَلْ يَمْضُونَ فِي سَفَرِهِمْ أَوْ يَنْصَرِفُونَ؟ هَلْ يَنْبَغِي لَهُمْ أَنْ يُتِمُّوا الصَّلَاةَ، أَوْ يُقِيمُوا عَلى تَقْصِيرِهِمْ؟ قَالَ: « إِنْ كَانُوا بَلَغُوا مَسِيرَةَ أَرْبَعَةِ فَرَاسِخَ، فَلْيُقِيمُوا عَلى تَقْصِيرِهِمْ ـ أَقَامُوا، أَمِ انْصَرَفُوا ـ وَإِنْ كَانُوا سَارُوا أَقَلَّ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةِ فَرَاسِخَ، فَلْيُتِمُّوا الصَّلَاةَ ـ أَقَامُوا، أَوِ انْصَرَفُوا ـ فَإِذَا مَضَوْا فَلْيُقَصِّرُوا »

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Barqu, from Muhammad Bin Aslam Al Jabaly, from Sabbah Al Haza’a, from Is’haq Bin Ammar who said,

‘I said to AbuAl-Hassan asws abou t a group which went out in a journey. So when they ended up to the place in which the shortening would be Obligated upon them, they shortened theSalāt. So when they came to be upon two Farsakhs (6 miles), or upon three Farsakhs (9 miles), or four, a man was left behind from them, their journey not remaining straight for them except with him.

So they stayed awaiting his coming to them and the journey was not straight for them except with his coming to them. So they stayed upon that for days, not knowing whether they should be continuing in their journey or they should be dispersing. Is it befitting for them that they should be praying the completeSalāt, or they should be persisting upon their shortening?’

Heasws said: ‘If it was that the journey had reached four Farsakhs (12 miles), so let them stay upon their shortening, whether they stay or disperse; and if it was so that they had journeyed for less than four Farsakhs (12 miles), so let them pray the completeSalāt, whether they stay or disperse. So when they continue, so let them shorten’. 10

78 - بَابُ مَنْ يُرِيدُ السَّفَرَ أَوْ يَقْدَمُ مِنْ سَفَرٍ مَتى يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ التَّقْصِيرُ أَوِ التَّمَامُ

Chapter 78 – The one who intends the journey or comes back from a journey, when would the shortening or the complete (Salāt) be Obligated upon him?’

1. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيى، عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : الرَّجُلُ يُرِيدُ السَّفَرَ مَتى يُقَصِّرُ؟ قَالَ: « إِذَا تَوَارى مِنَ الْبُيُوتِ ». قَالَ: قُلْتُ: الرَّجُلُ يُرِيدُ السَّفَرَ، فَيَخْرُجُ حِينَ تَزُولُ الشَّمْسُ؟ قَالَ: « إِذَا خَرَجْتَ، فَصَلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ». وَرَوَى الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ وَفَضَالَةَ، عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ مِثْلَهُ.

Muhammad Bin Yahy, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Al A’ala Bin Razeyn, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘A man intends the journey, when should he shorten (theSalāt) ?’ Heasws said, ‘When he loses sight of the houses’. I said, ‘The man intends the journey, so he goes out when the sun (starts to) decline’. Heasws said: ‘When he goes out, so he prays twoRak’at ofSalāt’ .

AndAl-Husayn Bin Saee d reported from Safwan and Fazalat, fromAl-A’ala – similar to it.11

2. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْوَشَّاءِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ الرِّضَاعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « إِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَأَنْتَ فِي الْمِصْرِ وَأَنْتَ تُرِيدُ السَّفَرَ، فَأَتِمَّ، فَإِذَا خَرَجْتَ بَعْدَ الزَّوَالِ، قَصِّرِ الْعَصْرَ ».

Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Washa who said,

‘I heardAl-Reza asws saying : ‘When the sun (starts to) decline and you are inside the city, and you are intending the journey, so pray complete (Salāt) . But when you go out after the midday, so shortenAl-Asr (Salāt) ’.12

3. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ، عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ، عَنْ بَشِيرٍ النَّبَّالِ، قَالَ: خَرَجْتُ مَعَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام حَتّى أَتَيْنَا الشَّجَرَةَ، فَقَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « يَا نَبَّالُ » قُلْتُ: لَبَّيْكَ، قَالَ: « إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَجِبْ عَلى أَحَدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ هذَا الْعَسْكَرِ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ أَرْبَعاً غَيْرِي وَغَيْرُكَ، وَذلِكَ أَنَّهُ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الصَّلَاةِ قَبْلَ أَنْ نَخْرُجَ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Fazzal, from Dawood Bi Farqad, from Basheer Al Nabbal who said,

‘I went out with Abu Abdullahasws until we came toAl-Shajara. So Abu Abdullahasws said to me: ‘O Nabbal!’ I said, ‘At your service!’ Heasws said: ‘It is not Obligatory upon anyone from the people of this camp that he should be praying four (Rak’at ofSalāt) apart from measws and you, and that is because the time forSalāt came up before we went out’.13

4. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَدْخُلُ مِنْ سَفَرِهِ وَقَدْ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الصَّلَاةِ ؟ قَالَ: « يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ، فَإِذَا خَرَجَ إِلى سَفَرٍ وَقَدْ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الصَّلَاةِ، فَلْيُصَلِّ‌ أَرْبَعاً »

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about a man who came over from his journey and the time forSalāt had come up. Heasws said: ‘He should pray twoRak’at ofSalāt. But when he goes out on a journey and the time for theSalāt had come up, so let him pray aSalāt of four (Rak’at) ’.14

5. أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ: وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيى، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ: عَنْ أَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ مُسَافِراً، ثُمَّ يَقْدَمُ، فَيَدْخُلُ بُيُوتَ الْكُوفَةِ: أَيُتِمُّ الصَّلَاةَ، أَمْ يَكُونُ مُقَصِّراً حَتّى يَدْخُلَ أَهْلَهُ؟ قَالَ: « بَلْ يَكُونُ مُقَصِّراً حَتّى يَدْخُلَ أَهْلَهُ ».

Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, and Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Al Fazl Bin ShAzaan altogether, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Is’haq Bin Ammar,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ibrahimasws (7th Imamasws ), said, ‘I asked himasws about the man who happens to be a travelling. Then he returns and comes to the houses ofAl-Kufa. Should he pray the completeSalāt or should he shorten until he comes over to his family?’ Heasws said: ‘But he should be shortening until he comes over to his family’.15

6. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ، عَنِ الْعِيصِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنْ رَجُلٍ صَلّى وَهُوَ مُسَافِرٌ، فَأَتَمَّ الصَّلَاةَ؟ قَالَ: « إِنْ كَانَ فِي وَقْتٍ، فَلْيُعِدْ، وَإِنْ كَانَ الْوَقْتُ قَدْ مَضى، فَلَا ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Safwan, from Al Ays Bin Al Qasim who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about a man who praysSalāt and he is a traveller, but he prays completeSalāt’ . Heasws said: ‘If he was within the allotted time, so let him repeat; and if it was missed and has expired, so no’.16

7. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ: رَجُلٌ فَاتَتْهُ صَلَاةٌ مِنْ صَلَاةِ السَّفَرِ، فَذَكَرَهَا فِي الْحَضَرِ؟ قَالَ: « يَقْضِي مَا فَاتَهُ كَمَا فَاتَهُ، إِنْ كَانَتْ صَلَاةَ السَّفَرِ، أَدَّاهَا فِي الْحَضَرِ مِثْلَهَا، وَإِنْ كَانَتْ صَلَاةَ الْحَضَرِ، فَلْيَقْضِ فِي السَّفَرِ صَلَاةَ الْحَضَرِ كَمَا فَاتَتْهُ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from Zurara who said,

‘I said to himasws , ‘A man who misses out of aSalāt from theSalāts of the journey, so he remembers it during the staying’. Heasws said: ‘He should fulfil what he missed as if he missed out as if it was aSalāt of the journey. He should pay it back during the staying, the like of it. And if it was aSalāt of the staying (being at home), so let him pay it back during the journey like theSalāt of the staying, just as he had missed it’.17

8. عَلِيٌّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَقْطِينٍ: عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ خَرَجَ فِي سَفَرٍ، ثُمَّ تَبْدُو لَهُ الْإِقَامَةُ وَهُوَ فِي صَلَاتِهِ ؟ قَالَ: « يُتِمُّ إِذَا بَدَتْ لَهُ الْإِقَامَةُ ».

Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ali Bin Yaqteen,

(It has been narrated) from AbuAl-Hassan asws , sai d, ‘I asked himasws about a man who goes out in a journey, then the staying changes for him (the limit of 10 days) and he is in hisSalāt. Heasws said: ‘He should pray completeSalāt when the staying (conditions) changes for him’ (see the Ahadith in the following chapter). 18

79 - بَابُ الْمُسَافِرِ يَقْدَمُ الْبَلْدَةَ كَمْ يُقَصِّرُ الصَّلَاةَ‌

Chapter 79 – The traveller comes back to the city, how much Salāt would he shorten

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ: وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى: وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ حَرِيزِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ: أَرَأَيْتَ مَنْ قَدِمَ بَلْدَةً إِلى مَتى يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ مُقَصِّراً؟ وَمَتى يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يُتِمَّ؟ قَالَ: « إِذَا دَخَلْتَ أَرْضاً، فَأَيْقَنْتَ أَنَّ لَكَ بِهَا مُقَاماً عَشَرَةَ أَيَّامٍ، فَأَتِمَّ الصَّلَاةَ، وَإِنْ لَمْ تَدْرِ مَا مُقَامُكَ بِهَا، تَقُولُ: غَداً أَخْرُجُ أَوْ بَعْدَ غَدٍ، فَقَصِّرْ مَا بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَ أَنْ يَمْضِيَ شَهْرٌ، فَإِذَا تَمَّ لَكَ شَهْرٌ، فَأَتِمَّ الصَّلَاةَ وَإِنْ أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَخْرُجَ مِنْ سَاعَتِكَ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, and Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Al Fazl Bin ShAzaan, altogether from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz Bin Abdullah, from Zurara,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws , said, ‘I said to himasws , ‘What is yourasws view of the one who comes back to a city, up to when is it befitting for him that he would happen to be shortening (theSalāt) , or when would it be befitting for him that he prays complete (Salāt) ?’

Heasws said: ‘When you enter a land, so you are convinced that for you there is a stay of ten days in it, so pray completeSalāt; and if you do not know what your stay would be in it, you are saying, ‘I shall go out tomorrow, of the day after tomorrow’, so shorten (theSalāt) what is between you and your going, for a month. So when a month is complete for you, then pray the complete theSalāt, and even if you intend to go out from that very moment’.19

2. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ بِالْبَصْرَةِ وَهُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ، لَهُ بِهَا دَارٌ وَمَنْزِلٌ، فَيَمُرُّ بِالْكُوفَةِ وَإِنَّمَا هُوَ مُجْتَازٌ لَايُرِيدُ الْمُقَامَ إِلاَّ بِقَدْرِ مَا يَتَجَهَّزُ يَوْماً أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ؟ قَالَ: « يُقِيمُ فِي جَانِبِ الْمِصْرِ وَيُقَصِّرُ ». قُلْتُ: فَإِنْ دَخَلَ أَهْلَهُ؟ قَالَ: « عَلَيْهِ التَّمَامُ »

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Fazzal, from Abdullah Bin Bukeyr who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about the man who happens to be inAl-Basra and he is from the people ofAl-Kufa, there bei ng a house for him in it, and a lodging. So he passes byAl-Kufa, and rathe r he is just passing by, not intending the staying except of a measurement of preparing for a day or two days. Heasws said: ‘He stays in the side of the city and he shortens (theSalāt) ’. I said, ‘Supposing he goes over to his family?’ Heasws said: ‘Upon him is the complete (Salāt) ’.20

3. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ، قَالَ: سَأَلَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ـ وَأَنَا أَسْمَعُ ـ عَنِ الْمُسَافِرِ: إِنْ حَدَّثَ‌ نَفْسَهُ بِإِقَامَةِ عَشَرَةِ أَيَّامٍ؟ قَالَ: « فَلْيُتِمَّ الصَّلَاةَ، وَإِنْ لَمْ يَدْرِ مَا يُقِيمُ يَوْماً أَوْ أَكْثَرَ، فَلْيَعُدَّ ثَلَاثِينَ يَوْماً، ثُمَّ لْيُتِمَّ، وَإِنْ كَانَ أَقَامَ يَوْماً، أَوْ صَلَاةً وَاحِدَةً ». فَقَالَ لَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ: بَلَغَنِي أَنَّكَ قُلْتَ خَمْساً؟ فَقَالَ: « قَدْ قُلْتُ ذَاكَ ». قَالَ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ: فَقُلْتُ أَنَا: جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ، يَكُونُ أَقَلَّ مِنْ خَمْسٍ ؟ فَقَالَ: « لَا ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abu Ayoub who said,

‘Muhammad Bin Muslim asked Abu Abdullahasws and I heard, about the traveller who thinks to himself of staying for ten days. Heasws said: ‘So let him pray the completeSalāt. And if he does not know what his stay would be, a day or more, so let him count (up to) thirty days, then let him pray complete (Salāt) , and even if his stay was for one day, or oneSalāt’ .

So Muhammad Bin Muslim said to himasws , ‘It has reached me that youasws said five (days)’. So heasws said: ‘Iasws had said that’. Abu Ayoub said, ‘So I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for youasws ! Can it happen to be less than five?’ So heasws said: ‘No’. 21

80 - بَابُ صَلَاةِ الْمَلاَّحِينَ وَالْمُكَارِينَ وَأَصْحَابِ الصَّيْدِ وَالرَّجُلِ يَخْرُجُ إِلَى ضَيْعَتِهِ‌

Chapter 80 – The sailors, and the Hirers, and the hunters, and the man who goes out to his estate

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ: وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى: وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام : « أَرْبَعَةٌ قَدْ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِمُ التَّمَامُ، فِي السَّفَرِ كَانُوا أَوِ الْحَضَرِ: الْمُكَارِي، وَالْكَرِيُّ، وَالرَّاعِي، وَالِاشْتِقَانُ: لِأَنَّهُ‌ عَمَلُهُمْ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father and Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Al Fazl Bin ShAzaan, altogether from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Zurara who said,

‘Abu Ja’farasws said: ‘There are four upon whom the completeSalāt is Obligated whether they were in a journey or the staying – The Hirer (of animals), and the workers (of it), and the shepherds, and the mailmen, because it is their occupation’.22

2. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيى، عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ: عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَاعليهما‌السلام ، قَالَ: « لَيْسَ عَلَى الْمَلاَّحِينَ فِي سَفِينَتِهِمْ تَقْصِيرٌ، وَلَاعَلَى الْمُكَارِي وَالْجَمَّالِ ».

Muhamad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Al A’ala, form Muhammad Bin Muslim,

(It has been narrated) from one of the two (5th or 6th Imamasws ) having said: ‘The shortening is not upon the sailors in their ships, nor upon the hirers (of animals) and the cameleers’.

وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرى: «الْمُكَارِي إِذَا جَدَّ بِهِ السَّيْرُ، فَلْيُقَصِّرْ». قَالَ: وَمَعْنى «جَدَّ بِهِ السَّيْرُ»: يَجْعَلُ مَنْزِلَيْنِ مَنْزِلاً.

And in another report: ‘The hirer (of animals), when the journey extends for him, so let him shorten’.

He (the narrator) said, ‘And the meaning of ‘journey extends for him’, is that he makes the two destinations as one destination (i.e. halves the journey)’.23

3. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ وَغَيْرُهُ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الرِّضَاعليه‌السلام عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَخْرُجُ إِلى ضَيْعَتِهِ، وَيُقِيمُ الْيَوْمَ وَالْيَوْمَيْنِ وَالثَّلَاثَةَ، أَيُقَصِّرُ، أَمْ يُتِمُّ؟ قَالَ: « يُتِمُّ الصَّلَاةَ كُلَّمَا أَتى ضَيْعَةً مِنْ‌ ضِيَاعِهِ ».

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan, and someone else, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr who said,

‘I askedAl-Reza asws about the man who goes out to an estate and he stays for the day, and the two days, and the three. Should he shorten (theSalāt) or pray complete?’ Heasws said: ‘He should pray the completeSalāt, every time he comes to an estates from his estates’.24

4. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَتَصَيَّدُ الْيَوْمَ وَالْيَوْمَيْنِ وَالثَّلَاثَةَ: أَيَقْصُرُ الصَّلَاةَ؟ قَالَ: « لَا، إِلاَّ أَنْ يُشَيِّعَ الرَّجُلُ أَخَاهُ فِي الدِّينِ، وَإِنَّ التَّصَيُّدَ مَسِيرٌ بَاطِلٌ لَا تُقْصَرُ الصَّلَاةُ فِيهِ » وَقَالَ: « يَقْصُرُ إِذَا شَيَّعَ أَخَاهُ ». عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَرْقِيِّ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ مِثْلَهُ.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassah, from Sahl Bin Ziyad Bin Asbaat, from Ibn Bukeyr who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about the man who hunts for the day, and the two days, and the three. Should he shorten theSalāt? ’ Heasws said: ‘No, unless if the man were to accompany his brother in the Religion, and if the hunt is an invalid travel, he should not shorten theSalāt during it’. And heasws said: ‘He should shorten when he accompanies his brother’.

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin MuhammadAl-Barqy, from one of his companions, from Ali Bin Asbaat – similar to it.25

5. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْجَعْفَرِيِّ، عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « الْأَعْرَابُ لَايُقَصِّرُونَ، وَذلِكَ أَنَّ مَنَازِلَهُمْ مَعَهُمْ ».

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from his father, from Suleyman Bin Ja’far Al Ja’fary, from the one who mentioned it,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The Bedouins would not be shortening, and that is because their houses are with them (like the nomads and the gypsies etc.)’.26

6. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ لَهُ الضِّيَاعُ بَعْضُهَا قَرِيبٌ مِنْ بَعْضٍ، يَخْرُجُ فَيُقِيمُ فِيهَا: يُتِمُّ، أَوْ يُقَصِّرُ؟ قَالَ: « يُتِمُّ ».

Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Al Fazl Bin ShAzaan, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Abdul Rahman who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘The man happens to have estates for him, some of them nearer than the others. He goes out and stays in them. Should he pray complete (Salāt) or shorten?’ Heasws said: ‘Complete’.27

7. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام فِي قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ:( فَمَنِ اضْطُرَّ غَيْرَ باغٍ وَلا عادٍ ) قَالَ: « الْبَاغِي: بَاغِي الصَّيْدِ، وَالْعَادِي: السَّارِقُ، لَيْسَ لَهُمَا أَنْ يَأْكُلَا الْمَيْتَةَ إِذَا اضْطُرَّا إِلَيْهَا، هِيَ حَرَامٌ عَلَيْهِمَا، لَيْسَ هِيَ عَلَيْهِمَا كَمَا هِيَ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَلَيْسَ لَهُمَا أَنْ يُقَصِّرَا فِي الصَّلَاةِ ».

Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Al Washa, from Hammad Bin Usman,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws regarding the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [2:173] but whoever is driven to necessity, not desiring, nor exceeding the limit. Heasws said: ‘The ‘desiring’ is the one who desires the hunting, and the ‘exceeding’ is the thief. It is not for these two that they should be eating the dead when they are desperate to it. It is Prohibited upon them both. It is not upon them just as it is upon the Muslims, and it is not for them that they should be shortening in theSalāt’ .28

8. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَخْرُجُ إِلَى الصَّيْدِ: أَيُقَصِّرُ، أَمْ يُتِمُّ؟ قَالَ: « يُتِمُّ: لِأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ‌ بِمَسِيرِ حَقٍّ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Fazzal, from Ibn Bukeyr, from Ubeyd Bin Zurara who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about the man who goes out to the hunting (for leisure), should he shorten or pray complete?’ Heasws said: ‘He should pray complete because it is not a rightful travel’.29

9. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَلاَّحِينَ وَالْأَعْرَابِ: هَلْ عَلَيْهِمْ تَقْصِيرٌ؟ قَالَ: « لَا، بُيُوتُهُمْ مَعَهُمْ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from Is’haq Bin Ammar who said,

‘I asked himasws about the sailors and the Bedouins, ‘Is it upon them, the shortening (of theSalāt) ?’ Heasws said: ‘Are their houses not with them?’30

10. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ الْقُمِّيِّ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ: الرَّجُلُ يَخْرُجُ إِلَى الصَّيْدِ مَسِيرَةَ يَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ: يُقَصِّرُ، أَوْ يُتِمُّ ؟ فَقَالَ: « إِنْ خَرَجَ لِقُوتِهِ وَقُوتِ عِيَالِهِ، فَلْيُفْطِرْ وَلْيُقَصِّرْ، وَإِنْ خَرَجَ لِطَلَبِ الْفُضُولِ، فَلَا، وَلَا كَرَامَةَ ».

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Imran Bin Muhammad, from Imran Al Qummy, from one of our companions,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws , said, ‘I said to himasws , ‘The man goes out to the hunting, being a travel of a day, or two days. Should he shorten (theSalāt) of pray complete?’ So heasws said: ‘If he goes out for his livelihood and a provision of his dependants, so let him break (not Fast), and let him shorten (theSalāt) ; but if he goes out to seek the leisure, so no, and there is no prestige’.31

11. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَزَّكٍ، قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ: جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ، إِنَّ لِي جِمَالاً، وَلِي قُوَّامٌ عَلَيْهَا، وَقَدْ أَخْرُجُ فِيهَا إِلى طَرِيقِ مَكَّةَ لِرَغْبَةٍ فِي الْحَجِّ، أَوْ فِي النَّدْرَةِ إِلى بَعْضِ الْمَوَاضِعِ، فَهَلْ يَجِبُ عَلَيَّ التَّقْصِيرُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ وَالصِّيَامِ؟ فَوَقَّعَعليه‌السلام : « إِنْ كُنْتَ لَاتَلْزَمُهَا وَلَاتَخْرُجُ مَعَهَا فِي كُلِّ سَفَرٍ إِلاَّ‌ إِلى مَكَّةَ، فَعَلَيْكَ تَقْصِيرٌ وَفُطُورٌ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Abdullah Bin Ja’far, from Muhammad Bin Jazzaki who said,

‘I wrote to himasws , ‘May I be sacrificed for youasws ! There are camels for me, and for me there is a caretaker over them, and I have gone out among them to a road of Makkah desiring theHajj, with regards to overseeing one of the places. So does it Obligate upon me the shortening in theSalāt and the Fasting?’ So heasws signed: ‘If it was so that you do not necessitate it and are not going out with it in every journey, except to Makkah, so upon you is the shortening, and the breaking (not Fasting)’. 32

81 - بَابُ الْمُسَافِرِ يَدْخُلُ فِي صَلَاةِ الْمُقِيمِ‌

Chapter 81 – The traveller enters into a Salāt of the staying-one

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام فِي الْمُسَافِرِ يُصَلِّي خَلْفَ الْمُقِيمِ، قَالَ: « يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ، وَيَمْضِي حَيْثُ شَاءَ »

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, from Al Halby,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws regarding the traveller prayingSalāt behind the staying one (non-traveller). Heasws said: ‘He should pray twoRak’at, and he can move (away) wherever he so desires to’.33

2. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ، عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ‌ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنِ الْمُسَافِرِ يُصَلِّي مَعَ الْإِمَامِ، فَيُدْرِكُ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ: أَيُجْزِئُ ذلِكَ عَنْهُ؟ فَقَالَ: « نَعَمْ ».

Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Al Washa, from Aban Bin Usman, from Umar Bin Yazeed who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about the traveller who praysSalāt with the prayer leader, and he attains twoRak’at from theSalāt. Would that suffice him from it?’ So heasws said: ‘Yes’. 34

82 - بَابُ التَّطَوُّعِ فِي السَّفَرِ‌

Chapter 82 – The voluntary (Salāt) during the journey

1. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ زُرْعَةَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي السَّفَرِ؟ قَالَ: « رَكْعَتَيْنِ لَيْسَ قَبْلَهُمَا وَلَابَعْدَهُمَا شَيْ‌ءٌ، إِلاَّ أَنَّهُ يَنْبَغِي لِلْمُسَافِرِ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ، وَلْيَتَطَوَّعْ بِاللَّيْلِ مَا شَاءَ إِنْ كَانَ نَازِلاً، وَإِنْ كَانَ رَاكِباً فَلْيُصَلِّ عَلى دَابَّتِهِ وَهُوَ رَاكِبٌ، وَلْتَكُنْ صَلَاتُهُ إِيمَاءً، وَلْيَكُنْ رَأْسُهُ حَيْثُ يُرِيدُ السُّجُودَ أَخْفَضَ مِنْ رُكُوعِهِ ».

Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Abdullah Bin Aamir, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Zur’at Bin Muhammad, from Sama’at who said,

‘I asked himasws about theSalāt during the journey. Heasws said: ‘TwoRak’at, there neither being anything before these nor after these, except that it is befitting for the traveller that he prays fourRak’at Salāt afterAl-Maghrib, and let him voluntarily pray at night whatever he so desires to if he was encamped; and if he was riding, so let him praySalāt upon his animal while he is riding, and let hisSalāt happen to me indicative (with gestures), and let his head happen to be where he intends theSajdah, being lower than (for) hisRukū’ .35

2. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى الْحَلَبِيِّ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « أَرْبَعُ رَكَعَاتٍ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ لَاتَدَعْهُنَّ فِي حَضَرٍ وَلَا سَفَرٍ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Yahya Al Halby, from Al Haris Bin Al Mugheira who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘Do not leave the four (voluntary)Rak’at (ofSalāt) afterAl-Maghrib, neither during staying nor a journey’.36

3. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ، عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمنِ، عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « الصَّلَاةُ فِي السَّفَرِ رَكْعَتَانِ لَيْسَ قَبْلَهُمَا وَلَابَعْدَهُمَا شَيْ‌ءٌ إِلاَّ الْمَغْرِبَ، فَإِنَّ بَعْدَهَا أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ لَاتَدَعْهُنَّ فِي حَضَرٍ وَلَاسَفَرٍ، وَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ قَضَاءُ صَلَاةِ النَّهَارِ، وَصَلِّ صَلَاةَ اللَّيْلِ وَاقْضِهِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from Ibn Muskan, from Abu Baseer,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘TheSalāt during the journey is of twoRak’at, there neither being anything before them nor after them, except forAl-Maghrib, for after it are fourRak’at. Neither leave these during a staying nor a journey, and there is no payback of the (outstanding) daytimeSalāts upon you, and pray the nightSalāt, and fulfil it (the outstanding ones)’.37

4. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيى، عَنْ‌ ذَرِيحٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : فَاتَتْنِي صَلَاةُ اللَّيْلِ فِي السَّفَرِ، فَأَقْضِيهَا فِي النَّهَارِ ؟ فَقَالَ: « نَعَمْ، إِنْ أَطَقْتَ ذلِكَ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Zareeh who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘The nightSalāt was missed out by me during the journey, so can I fulfil it during the day?’ So heasws said: ‘Yes, if you can bear it’.38

5. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ: أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنْ صَلَاةِ النَّافِلَةِ عَلَى الْبَعِيرِ وَالدَّابَّةِ؟ فَقَالَ: « نَعَمْ، حَيْثُمَا كُنْتَ مُتَوَجِّهاً ». قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ: عَلَى الْبَعِيرِ وَالدَّابَّةِ ؟ قَالَ: « نَعَمْ، حَيْثُمَا كُنْتَ مُتَوَجِّهاً ». قُلْتُ: أَسْتَقْبِلُ الْقِبْلَةَ إِذَا أَرَدْتُ التَّكْبِيرَ؟ قَالَ: « لَا، وَلكِنْ تُكَبِّرُ حَيْثُمَا كُنْتَ مُتَوَجِّهاً، وَكَذلِكَ فَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Ibn Muskan,

(It has been narrated) fromAl-Halby who asked Abu Abdullahasws about the optionalSalāt upon the camel and the riding animal. So heasws said: ‘Yes, whichever direction you may be facing’. So I said, ‘Upon the camel and the riding animal?’ Heasws said ‘Yes, whichever direction you may be’. I said, ‘Do I have to face theQiblah when I intend to exclaim theTakbīr?’ He asws said : ‘No, but you can exclaimTakbīr whichever dir ection you are facing, and like that is what Rasool-Allahsaww did’.39

6. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيى، عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ، عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ، قَالَ: خَرَجْتُ مَعَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام فِيمَا بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَالْمَدِينَةِ، فَكَانَ يَقُولُ: « أَمَّا أَنْتُمْ، فَشَبَابٌ تُؤَخِّرُونَ: وَأَمَّا أَنَا، فَشَيْخٌ أُعَجِّلُ » فَكَانَ يُصَلِّي صَلَاةَ اللَّيْلِ أَوَّلَ اللَّيْلِ.

Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Al Fazl Bin ShAzaan, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Mansour Bin Hazim, from Abu Aban Bin Taghlub who said,

‘I went out with Abu Abdullahasws in what is between Makkah andAl-Medina, so he asws was saying: ‘As for you all, so you are youths. You are delaying, and as for myselfasws , so Iasws am an old man, Iasws hasten’. It was so that heasws would pray the nightSalāt earlier part of night (Salāt) ’.40

7. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيى، عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُصَلِّي عَلى رَاحِلَتِهِ؟ قَالَ: « يُومِئُ إِيمَاءً يَجْعَلُ السُّجُودَ أَخْفَضَ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ ». قُلْتُ: يُصَلِّي وَهُوَ يَمْشِي؟ قَالَ: « نَعَمْ، يُومِئُ إِيمَاءً، وَلْيَجْعَلِ السُّجُودَ أَخْفَضَ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Yaqoub Bin Shuayb who said ‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about the man who prays upon his riding animal. Heasws said: ‘He would indicated by gestures making theSajdah to be lower than theRukū’ . I said, ‘Can he praySalāt while he is walking?’ Heasws said: ‘Yes, indicating by gestures, and let him make theSajdah to be lower than theRukū’ .41

8. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام فِي الرَّجُلِ يُصَلِّي النَّوَافِلَ فِي الْأَمْصَارِ وَهُوَ عَلى دَابَّتِهِ حَيْثُ تَوَجَّهَتْ بِهِ؟ فَقَالَ: « نَعَمْ، لَابَأْسَ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umery, from Abdul Rahman Bin AlHajja j,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws regarding the man who prays the optionalSalāt in the cities, and he is upon a riding animal, wherever he may be facing with it’. So heasws said: ‘Yes, there is no problem’.42

9. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام : أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَرى بَأْساً أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ الْمَاشِي وَهُوَ يَمْشِي، وَلكِنْ لَا يَسُوقُ الْإِبِلَ

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from the one who mentioned it,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws not having seen any problem with if the walker were to praySalāt while he was walking, but he should not be ushering the camels’.

10. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنْ صَلَاةِ اللَّيْلِ وَالْوَتْرِ فِي أَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ فِي السَّفَرِ إِذَا تَخَوَّفْتُ الْبَرْدَ وَكَانَتْ عِلَّةٌ؟ فَقَالَ: « لَا بَأْسَ، أَنَا أَفْعَلُ ذلِكَ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Ibn Muskan, from Al Halby who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about the nightSalāt andAl-Witr during the beginning of the night in a journey when fearing the cold, and if there was an illness’. So heasws said: ‘No problem, Iasws tend to do that’.43

11. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ مُقَاتِلٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الْحَارِثِ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ ـ يَعْنِي الرِّضَاعليه‌السلام ـ عَنِ الْأَرْبَعِ رَكَعَاتٍ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ فِي السَّفَرِ، يُعْجِلُنِي الْجَمَّالُ، وَلَايُمَكِّنِّي الصَّلَاةَ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ، هَلْ أُصَلِّيهَا فِي الْمَحْمِلِ؟ فَقَالَ: « نَعَمْ، صَلِّهَا فِي الْمَحْمِلِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Suleyman, from Sa’ad Bin sa’ad, from Muqatil Bin Muqatil, from Abu Al Haris who said,

‘I asked himasws , meaningAl-Reza asws about the fourRak’at (of optionalSalāt) afterAl-Maghrib during the journey, ‘The cameleer brings me and does not let me pray theSalāt upon the ground. Can I praySalāt in the carriage?’ So heasws said: ‘Yes, pray it in the carriage’.44

12. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ: عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَاعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « صَلِّ رَكْعَتَيِ الْفَجْرِ فِي الْمَحْمِلِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Abu Najran, from Safwan,

(It has been narrated) from AbuAl-Hassa Al-Reza asws having said: ‘Pray the twoRak’at ofAl-Fajr in the car riage’. 45

83 - بَابُ الصَّلَاةِ فِي السَّفِينَةِ‌

Chapter 83 – The Salāt (performed) in the ship

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام يُسْأَلُ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي السَّفِينَةِ؟ فَيَقُولُ: « إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتُمْ أَنْ تَخْرُجُوا إِلَى الْجَدَدِ فَاخْرُجُوا، فَإِنْ لَمْ تَقْدِرُوا فَصَلُّوا قِيَاماً، فَإِنْ لَمْ تَسْتَطِيعُوا فَصَلُّوا قُعُوداً، وَتَحَرَّوُا الْقِبْلَةَ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad Bin Isa who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullahasws being asked about theSalāt performed in the ship, so heasws was saying: ‘If you are able to go out to the hard ground, then go out. But if you are not able, so praySalāt standing. But if you are not able, so praySalāt seated, and investigate (the direction of) theQiblah’ .46

2. عَلِيٌّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ: وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي السَّفِينَةِ؟ فَقَالَ: « يَسْتَقْبِلُ الْقِبْلَةَ، فَإِذَا دَارَتْ وَاسْتَطَاعَ أَنْ يَتَوَجَّهَ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ، فَلْيَفْعَلْ، وَإِلاَّ فَلْيُصَلِّ حَيْثُ تَوَجَّهَتْ بِهِ ». قَالَ: « فَإِنْ أَمْكَنَهُ الْقِيَامُ فَلْيُصَلِّ قَائِماً، وَإِلاَّ فَلْيَقْعُدْ، ثُمَّ لْيُصَلِّ ».

Ali, from his father, and Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, altogether from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad Bin Usman,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having been asked about theSalāt in the ship, so heasws said: ‘He should face theQiblah. So when he circles (the ship turns), and he is able to face towards the QIblah’ so let him do so, or else, so let him praySalāt wherever he is facing with it’. Heasws said: ‘So if he is able to stand, so let him praySalāt standing, or else, so let him be seated, then let him praySalāt’ .47

3. عَلِيٌّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام فِي الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ فِي السَّفِينَةِ، فَلَا يَدْرِي أَيْنَ الْقِبْلَةُ، قَالَ: « يَتَحَرّى، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَدْرِ، صَلّى نَحْوَ رَأْسِهَا ».

Ali, from his father, from Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from one of his companions,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws regarding the man who happens to be in the ship, so he does not know where theQiblah is’. Heasws said: ‘He should investigate, but if he does not know, he can praySalāt around its head (front part)’.48

4. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ حَمْزَةَ الْغَنَوِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي السَّفِينَةِ؟ فَقَالَ: « إِذَا كَانَتْ مُحَمَّلَةً ثَقِيلَةً إِذَا قُمْتَ فِيهَا لَمْ تَحَرَّكْ، فَصَلِّ قَائِماً، وَإِنْ كَانَتْ خَفِيفَةً تَكَفَّأُ، فَصَلِّ قَاعِداً ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Yazeed Bin Is’haq, from Haroun Bin Hamza Al Ganawy,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws , said, ‘I asked himasws about theSalāt in the ship, so heasws said: ‘If it was a heavy carrier (such that) when you stand in it, it does not move, so praySalāt standing; but if it was a light (carrier), rolling, so praySalāt seated’.49

5. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هَاشِمٍ الْجَعْفَرِيِّ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ مَعَ أَبِي الْحَسَنِعليه‌السلام فِي السَّفِينَةِ فِي دِجْلَةَ، فَحَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ، فَقُلْتُ: جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ، نُصَلِّي فِي جَمَاعَةٍ؟ قَالَ: فَقَالَ: « لَا تُصَلِّ فِي بَطْنِ وَادٍ جَمَاعَةً ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Abu Hashim Al Ja’fary who said,

‘I was with AbuAl-Hassan asws rega rding the ship in (River)Dijlat, and the Salāt presented itself. So I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for youasws ! We should pray in a Jam’at’. So heasws said: ‘You cannot pray a Jam’atalSalāt in the belly (bottom) of a valley’. 50

84 - بَابُ صَلَاةِ النَّوَافِلِ‌

Chapter 84 – The optional Salāt

1. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام وَأَنَا شَابٌّ، فَوَصَفَ لِيَ التَّطَوُّعَ وَالصَّوْمَ، فَرَأى ثِقْلَ ذلِكَ فِي وَجْهِي، فَقَالَ لِي: « إِنَّ هذَا لَيْسَ كَالْفَرِيضَةِ مَنْ تَرَكَهَا هَلَكَ، إِنَّمَا هُوَ التَّطَوُّعُ، إِنْ شُغِلْتَ عَنْهُ أَوْ تَرَكْتَهُ، قَضَيْتَهُ: إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يَكْرَهُونَ أَنْ تُرْفَعَ أَعْمَالُهُمْ يَوْماً تَامّاً وَيَوْماً نَاقِصاً، إِنَّ اللهَ ـ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ـ يَقُولُ:( الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَلى صَلاتِهِمْ دائِمُونَ ) وَكَانُوا يَكْرَهُونَ أَنْ يُصَلُّوا حَتّى يَزُولَ النَّهَارُ، إِنَّ أَبْوَابَ السَّمَاءِ تُفْتَحُ إِذَا زَالَ النَّهَارُ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Fazzal, from Ibn Bukeyr, from Zurara who said,

‘I went over to Abu Ja’farasws and I was a youth, so heasws described the voluntary (Salāt) for me, and the Fasts. So heasws saw the heaviness of that in my face, and heasws said to me: ‘This is not like the Obligatory (Salāt) which if one were to neglect it, would be destroyed. But rather, it is the voluntary. If you were too busy from it or neglect it, make up for it. They (the people) would be disliking if their deeds were to be Raised as complete one day, and one day - deficient. Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying [70:23] Those who are constant at their Prayer, and they were disliking if they were to praySalāt until the day declines, and that the gates of the sky are open when the day (starts to) decline’.51

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ، عَنْ فُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: الْفَرِيضَةُ وَالنَّافِلَةُ إِحْدى وَخَمْسُونَ رَكْعَةً، مِنْهَا رَكْعَتَانِ بَعْدَ الْعَتَمَةِ جَالِساً، تُعَدَّانِ بِرَكْعَةٍ وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ، الْفَرِيضَةُ مِنْهَا سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ‌ رَكْعَةً، وَالنَّافِلَةُ أَرْبَعٌ وَثَلَاثُونَ رَكْعَةً ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ibn Azina, from Fuzeyl Bin Yasaar,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The Obligatory and the optional (Salāts ) are fifty oneRak’at – from it are twoRak’at after the night (to be prayed) seated, counted as oneRak’at prayed while he is standing. The Obligatory from these are seventeenRak’at, and the optional are thirty fourRak’at’ .52

3. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ، عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ وَالْفَضْلِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ وَبُكَيْرٍ، قَالُوا: سَمِعْنَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم يُصَلِّي مِنَ التَّطَوُّعِ مِثْلَيِ الْفَرِيضَةِ، وَيَصُومُ مِنَ التَّطَوُّعِ مِثْلَيِ الْفَرِيضَةِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ibn Azina, from Al Fuzayl Bin Yasaar, and Al Fazl Bin Abdul Malik and Bukeyr, both said,

‘We both heard Abu Abdullahasws saying: ‘It was so that Rasool-Allahsaww prayed the voluntarySalāt as double the Obligatory ones, and hesaww would Fast from the voluntary as double the Obligatory ones’.53

4. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنْ أَفْضَلِ مَا جَرَتْ بِهِ السُّنَّةُ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ؟ فَقَالَ: « تَمَامُ الْخَمْسِينَ ». وَرَوَى الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ مِثْلَهُ.

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Ibn Muskan, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about the most superior of what the Sunnah has flowed with, from theSalāt. So heasws said: ‘The complete fifty (Rak’at and one while sitting- so 51 in total)’.

And it is reported byAl-Husayn Bin Saee d, from Muhammad Bin Sinan – similar to it.54

5. مُحَمَّدٌ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ بَزِيعٍ، عَنْ حَنَانٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلَ عَمْرُو بْنُ حُرَيْثٍ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام وَأَنَا جَالِسٌ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ، أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ صَلَاةِ رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ؟ فَقَالَ: « كَانَ النَّبِيُّصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم يُصَلِّي ثَمَانِيَ رَكَعَاتٍ الزَّوَالَ وَأَرْبَعاً الْأُولى، وَثَمَانِيَ بَعْدَهَا وَأَرْبَعاً الْعَصْرَ، وَثَلَاثاً الْمَغْرِبَ وَأَرْبَعاً بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ، وَالْعِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةَ أَرْبَعاً، وَثَمَانِيَ صَلَاةَ اللَّيْلِ، وَثَلَاثاً الْوَتْرَ وَرَكْعَتَيِ الْفَجْرِ، وَصَلَاةَ الْغَدَاةِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ». قُلْتُ: جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ، وَإِنْ كُنْتُ أَقْوى عَلى أَكْثَرَ مِنْ هذَا، يُعَذِّبُنِي اللهُ عَلى كَثْرَةِ الصَّلَاةِ؟ فَقَالَ: « لَا، وَلكِنْ يُعَذِّبُ عَلى تَرْكِ السُّنَّةِ ».

Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Bin Bazi’e, from Hanan who said,

‘Amro Bin Hureys asked Abu Abdullahasws and I was seated, so he said to himasws , ‘May I be sacrificed for youasws ! Inform me about theSalāt of Rasool-Allahsaww ’. So heasws said: ‘The Prophetsaww used to pray eightRak’at at midday, and four of the first (Al-Zohr) and eight (Rak’at) after it, and four (Rak’at) ofAl-Asr, and three (Rak’at of Maghrib), and four (Rak’at) afterAl-Maghrib, andAl-Isha the last b eing four (Rak’at) , and eight (Rak’at) at night, and three (Rak’at) ofAl-Witr, and two (Rak’at) ofAl-Fajr, and the m orningSalāt as twoRak’at’ .

I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for youasws ! And if I was strong enough upon more than this, would Allahazwj Punish me upon the moreSalāts ?’ So heasws said: ‘No, but Heazwj would Punish upon neglecting the Sunnah’.55

6. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ هَلْ قَبْلَ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ وَبَعْدَهَا شَيْ‌ءٌ؟ قَالَ: « لَا، غَيْرَ أَنِّي أُصَلِّي بَعْدَهَا رَكْعَتَيْنِ، وَلَسْتُ أَحْسُبُهُمَا مِنْ صَلَاةِ اللَّيْلِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, from Al Halby who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws , ‘Is there anything before theAl-Isha the last a nd after it?’ Heasws said: ‘No, apart from that Iasws tend to pray twoRak’at ofSalāt after it, and Iasws do not reckon these two to be from the nightSalāt’ .56

7. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَيْفٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيى، عَنْ حَجَّاجٍ الْخَشَّابِ، عَنْ أَبِي الْفَوَارِسِ، قَالَ: نَهَانِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام أَنْ أَتَكَلَّمَ بَيْنَ الْأَرْبَعِ رَكَعَاتٍ الَّتِي بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ.

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Salma Bin Al Khattab, from Al Husayn Bin Sayf, from Muhammad Bin Yaya, fromHajja j Al Khashhab, from Abu Al Fawaris who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws forbade us to speak in between the fourRak’at ofSalāt which are afterAl-Maghrib’ .57

8. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ سَهْلٍ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِعليه‌السلام : إِنَّ أَصْحَابَنَا يَخْتَلِفُونَ فِي صَلَاةِ التَّطَوُّعِ: بَعْضُهُمْ يُصَلِّي أَرْبَعاً وَأَرْبَعِينَ، وَبَعْضُهُمْ يُصَلِّي خَمْسِينَ، فَأَخْبِرْنِي بِالَّذِي تَعْمَلُ بِهِ أَنْتَ كَيْفَ هُوَ حَتّى أَعْمَلَ بِمِثْلِهِ؟ فَقَالَ: « أُصَلِّي وَاحِدَةً وَخَمْسِينَ » ثُمَّ قَالَ: « أَمْسِكْ » وَعَقَدَ بِيَدِهِ: « الزَّوَالَ ثَمَانِيَةً، وَأَرْبَعاً بَعْدَ الظُّهْرِ، وَأَرْبَعاً قَبْلَ الْعَصْرِ، وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ، وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ‌ قَبْلَ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ، وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْعِشَاءِ مِنْ قُعُودٍ تُعَدَّانِ بِرَكْعَةٍ مِنْ قِيَامٍ، وَثَمَانِيَ صَلَاةَ اللَّيْلِ، وَالْوَتْرَ ثَلَاثاً وَرَكْعَتَيِ الْفَجْرِ، وَالْفَرَائِضَ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ، فَذلِكَ أَحَدٌ وَخَمْسُونَ ».

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan, from Sahl, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr who said,

‘I said to AbuAl-Hassan asws , ‘Ou r companions are differing regarding the voluntarySalāts . Some of them are praying forty four (Rak’at) , and some of them are praying fifty (Rak’at) . So inform me with which are youasws acting upon, how it is so that I can act upon the like of it’. So heasws said: ‘Iasws pray fifty-oneRak’at’ .

Then heasws said: ‘Hold on!’ And heasws counted by hisasws hand – ‘The midday is eight (Rak’at) , and four afterAl-Zohr, and four beforeAl-Asr, and twoRak’at afterAl-Maghrib, and twoRak’at before Isha the last, and twoRak’at afterAl-Isha while seat ed, accounted as oneRak’at while standing, and eight for the nightSalāt, andAl-Witr is of thre e, and twoRak’at ofAl-Faj, and the Ob ligatory ones are seventeen. So that is fifty-one (Rak’at) ’.58

9. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ، عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ التَّطَوُّعِ بِالنَّهَارِ، فَذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ يُصَلِّي ثَمَانَ رَكَعَاتٍ قَبْلَ الظُّهْرِ، وَثَمَانٍ بَعْدَهَا.

Al Husayn Bin Muhammad Al Ashary, from Abdullah Bin Aamir, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Hammad Bin Usman who said,

‘I asked himasws about the voluntary (Salāts ) of the daytime. So heasws mentioned that heasws tends to pray eightRak’at beforeAl-Zohr, and eight after it’.59

10. عَنْهُ، عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْوَشَّاءِ، عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي الْعَلَاءِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ: صَلَاةُ‌ الزَّوَالِ صَلَاةُ الْأَوَّابِينَ ».

From him, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Washa, from Aban Bin Usman, from Yahya Bin Abu Al A’ala,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘AmirAl-Momineen asws sa id: ‘The middaySalāt is theSalāt of the repentant’.60

11. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ:( آناءَ اللَّيْلِ ساجِداً وَقائِماً يَحْذَرُ الْآخِرَةَ وَيَرْجُوا رَحْمَةَ رَبِّهِ ) ؟ قَالَ: « يَعْنِي صَلَاةَ اللَّيْلِ ». قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ:( وَأَطْرافَ النَّهارِ لَعَلَّكَ تَرْضى ) ؟ قَالَ: « يَعْنِي تَطَوَّعْ بِالنَّهَارِ ». قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ: « وَإِدْبارَ النُّجُومِ » قُلْتُ:( وَأَدْبارَ السُّجُودِ ) ؟ قَالَ: « رَكْعَتَانِ قَبْلَ الصُّبْحِ »؟ قَالَ: « رَكْعَتَانِ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Zurara,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws , said, ‘I said to himasws , ‘[39:9] Safe is He who is obedient during the hours of the night, performingSajdah himself and standing, cautious of the Hereafter and hopes for the Mercy of his Lord’. Heasws said: ‘It Means the nightSalāt’ .

He (the narrator) said, ‘I said to himasws [20:130] so Glorify (Him) during parts of the day, so that you may be well pleased’. Heasws said: ‘It Means the voluntary (Salāt) at daytime’.

He (the narrator) said, ‘I said to himasws , ‘[52:49] and (Glorify Him) at the retreat of the stars’. Heasws said: ‘TwoRak’at prayed before the morning’.

I said, ‘[50:40] so glorify Him and after theSajdahs ?’ Heasws said: ‘TwoRak’at afterAl-Maghrib’ .61

12. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا قُمْتَ بِاللَّيْلِ مِنْ مَنَامِكَ، فَقُلِ: "الْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ الَّذِي رَدَّ عَلَيَّ رُوحِي لِأَحْمَدَهُ وَأَعْبُدَهُ"، فَإِذَا سَمِعْتَ صَوْتَ الدُّيُوكِ، فَقُلْ: سُبُّوحٌ‌قُدُّوسٌ، رَبُّ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالرُّوحِ، سَبَقَتْ رَحْمَتُكَ غَضَبَكَ، لَا إِلهَ إِلاَّ أَنْتَ وَحْدَكَ لَاشَرِيكَ لَكَ، عَمِلْتُ سُوءاً، وَظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِي، فَاغْفِرْ لِي وَارْحَمْنِي: إِنَّهُ لَايَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ إِلاَّ أَنْتَ. فَإِذَا قُمْتَ، فَانْظُرْ فِي آفَاقِ السَّمَاءِ وَقُلِ: اللهُمَّ إِنَّهُ لَايُوَارِي عَنْكَ لَيْلٌ سَاجٍ، وَلَاسَمَاءٌ ذَاتُ أَبْرَاجٍ، وَلَا أَرْضٌ ذَاتُ مِهَادٍ، وَلَاظُلُمَاتٌ‌ بَعْضُهَا فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ، وَلَابَحْرٌ لُجِّيٌّ تُدْلِجُ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ الْمُدْلِجِ مِنْ خَلْقِكَ، تَعْلَمُ خَائِنَةَ الْأَعْيُنِ وَمَا تُخْفِي الصُّدُورُ، غَارَتِ النُّجُومُ، وَنَامَتِ الْعُيُونُ، وَأَنْتَ الْحَيُّ الْقَيُّومُ، لَاتَأْخُذُكَ سِنَةٌ وَلَانَوْمٌ، سُبْحَانَ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ، وَإِلهِ‌ الْمُرْسَلِينَ، وَالْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ. ثُمَّ اقْرَأِ الْخَمْسَ الْآيَاتِ مِنْ آخِرِ آلِ عِمْرَانَ:( إِنَّ فِي خَلْقِ السَّماواتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ) ـ إِلى قَوْلِهِ ـ( إِنَّكَ لا تُخْلِفُ الْمِيعادَ ) . ثُمَّ اسْتَكْ، وَتَوَضَّأْ، فَإِذَا وَضَعْتَ يَدَكَ فِي الْمَاءِ، فَقُلْ: بِسْمِ اللهِ وَبِاللهِ، اللهُمَّ اجْعَلْنِي مِنَ التَّوَّابِينَ، وَاجْعَلْنِي مِنَ الْمُتَطَهِّرِينَ. فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ، فَقُلِ: الْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ. فَإِذَا قُمْتَ إِلى صَلَاتِكَ، فَقُلْ: "بِسْمِ اللهِ، وَبِاللهِ، وَإِلَى اللهِ، وَمِنَ اللهِ، وَمَا شَاءَ اللهُ، وَلَا حَوْلَ وَلَاقُوَّةَ إِلاَّ بِاللهِ، اللهُمَّ اجْعَلْنِي مِنْ زُوَّارِكَ، وَعُمَّارِ مَسَاجِدِكَ، وَافْتَحْ لِي بَابَ تَوْبَتِكَ، وَأَغْلِقْ عَنِّي بَابَ مَعْصِيَتِكَ وَكُلِّ مَعْصِيَةٍ، الْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ الَّذِي جَعَلَنِي مِمَّنْ يُنَاجِيهِ، اللهُمَّ أَقْبِلْ عَلَيَّ بِوَجْهِكَ، جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُكَ": ثُمَّ افْتَتِحِ الصَّلَاةَ بِالتَّكْبِيرِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from Zurara,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘When you stand at night from your sleep, so say, ‘The Praise is for Allahazwj Who Returned my soul to me so that I would Praise Himazwj and worship Himazwj ’.

So when you hear the roosters, then say, ‘Glorious, Holy is the Lordazwj of the Angels and the Spirit. Yourazwj Mercy precedes Yourazwj Mercy precedes Yourazwj Punishment. There is no god except for Youazwj , Alone, there being no associates for Youazwj . I have done evil deeds and been unjust to myself, therefore Forgive me and be Merciful to me. None Forgives the sins except for Youazwj ’.

So when you stand, look into the horizons of the sky and say, ‘O Allahazwj ! Neither can a tranquil night hide Youazwj nor a sky with the constellations, nor an earth with flatness, nor darkness on top of each other, nor an ocean with an incoming wave in front of an outgoing wave from Yourazwj Creation. Youazwj Know the treachery of the eyes and what the chests are concealing. The stars have made an incursion and the eyes are asleep, and Youazwj and the Ever-Living, the Ever-Lasting. Neither does a slumber overtake Youazwj nor does sleep. Glorious is the Lordazwj of the worlds and God of the Mursil (Prophetsas ). And the Praise is for Allahazwj , Lordazwj of the worlds’.

Then recite five Verses from the end part of (Surah) Aal-e-Imraan (Chapter 3) [3:190] Most surely in the Creation of the skies and the earth up to Hisazwj Words [3:194] surely You do not fail to Fulfill the Promise.

Then brush your teeth and perform ablution. So when you place your hand into the water, say,

‘In the Name of Allahazwj , and by Allahazwj . O Allahazwj ! Make me to be from the repentant, and Make me to be from the ones who clean themselves’.

So when you are free (from that), say, ‘The Praise is for Allahazwj , Lordazwj of the world’. So when you stand to yourSalāt, say, ‘In the Name of Allahazwj , and by Allahazwj , and to Allahazwj , and from Allahazwj , and whatever Allahazwj so Desires, and there is neither a Might nor Strength except with Allahazwj . O Allahazwj ! Make me to be from the visitors of Yourazwj House (Kabah) , and builders of Yourazwj Masjids , and Open for me the doors of Yourazwj repentance and Lock from me the doors of Yourazwj disobedience, and every disobedience. The Praise is for Allahazwj Who Made me to be from the one who whispers to Himazwj . O Allahazwj ! Turn towards me by Yourazwj Face, Majestic is Yourazwj Laudation’. Then Open theSalāt with the exclamation of theTakbīr’. 62

13. عَلِي ُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم كَانَ إِذَا صَلَّى الْعِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةَ، أَمَرَ بِوَضُوئِهِ وَسِوَاكِهِ يُوضَعُ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ مُخَمَّراً، فَيَرْقُدُ مَا شَاءَ اللهُ، ثُمَّ يَقُومُ، فَيَسْتَاكُ، وَيَتَوَضَّأُ، وَيُصَلِّي أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ، ثُمَّ يَرْقُدُ، ثُمَّ يَقُومُ، فَيَسْتَاكُ، وَيَتَوَضَّأُ، وَيُصَلِّي أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ، ثُمَّ يَرْقُدُ حَتّى إِذَا كَانَ فِي وَجْهِ الصُّبْحِ قَامَ، فَأَوْتَرَ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ:( لَقَدْ كانَ لَكُمْ فِي رَسُولِ اللهِ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ ) ». قُلْتُ: مَتى كَانَ يَقُومُ؟ قَالَ: « بَعْدَ ثُلُثِ اللَّيْلِ ». وَقَالَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ: « بَعْدَ نِصْفِ اللَّيْلِ ». وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرى: « يَكُونُ قِيَامُهُ وَرُكُوعُهُ وَسُجُودُهُ سَوَاءً، وَيَسْتَاكُ فِي كُلِّ مَرَّةٍ قَامَ مِنْ نَوْمِهِ، وَيَقْرَأُ الْآيَاتِ مِنْ آلِ عِمْرَانَ:( إِنَّ فِي خَلْقِ السَّماواتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ) ـ إِلى قَوْلِهِ ـ( إِنَّكَ لا تُخْلِفُ الْمِيعادَ ) ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, from Al Halby,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘It was so that whenever Rasool-Allahsaww prayedAl-Isha the last, ordered for hissaww water for the ablution and hissaww toothbrush to be place by hissaww head (pillow), covered. So hesaww would lie down for as long as Allahazwj so Desired. Then hesaww would stand, so hesaww would brush hissaww teeth, and perform ablution, and hesaww would pray fourRak’at ofSalāt.

The hesaww woud lie down. Then hesaww would stand, so hesaww would brush hissaww teeth and perform ablution, and hesaww would pray fourRak’at ofSalāt. Then hesaww would lie down until when it was during the face of the morning, hesaww would stand, so hesaww would perform (Salāt) Al-Witr, then pray the twoRak’at ofSalāt’ .

Then heasws said: ‘[33:21] Certainly you have in Rasool-Allah an excellent exemplar’. I said, ‘When was hesaww standing (for the nightSalāt) ?’ Heasws said ‘After a third of the night’. And heasws said in another Hadeeth: ‘After half the night’.

And in another report: ‘It should so happen that his standing, and hisRukū, and hisSajdah should be equal, and he should brush teeth every time he stands from his sleep, and he should recite the Verses from (Surah) Aal-e-Imraan (Chapter 3) [3:190] Most surely in the Creation of the skies and the earth up to Hisazwj Words [3:194] surely You do not fail to Fulfil the Promise’.63

14. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم يُصَلِّي مِنَ اللَّيْلِ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً: مِنْهَا الْوَتْرُ وَرَكْعَتَا الْفَجْرِ فِي السَّفَرِ وَالْحَضَرِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Fazzal, from Ibn Bukeyr, from Zurara,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww used to pray, from the night (Salāts ), thirteenRak’at, from it beingAl-Witr, and two Rak’at ofAl-Fajr, during th e travel and the staying’.64

15. عَنْهُ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَدِيدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ النَّصْرِيِّ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « صَلَاةُ النَّهَارِ سِتَّ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً: ثَمَانٌ إِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ، وَثَمَانٌ بَعْدَ الظُّهْرِ، وَأَرْبَعُ رَكَعَاتٍ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ ـ يَا حَارِثُ، لَاتَدَعْهُنَّ فِي سَفَرٍ وَلَاحَضَرٍ ـ وَرَكْعَتَانِ بَعْدَ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ، كَانَ أَبِي يُصَلِّيهِمَا وَهُوَ قَاعِدٌ، وَأَنَا أُصَلِّيهِمَا وَأَنَا قَائِمٌ، وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم يُصَلِّي ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً مِنَ اللَّيْلِ ».

From him, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Hadeed, from Ali Bin Al Numan, from Al Haris Bin Mugheira Al Nasry who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullahasws saying: ‘ASalāt of the daytime is of sixteenRak’at – eight being when the sun (starts to) decline, and eight After Al Zohr, and fourRak’at after Al- Maghrib. O Haris! Do not leave these, neither during a journey nor staying; and the twoRak’at of Al Isha the last, myasws fatherasws was praying these two while heasws was seated, and Iasws pray these two while Iasws am standing; and it was so that Rasool-Allahsaww used to pray thirteenRak’at ofSalāt, from night time’.65

16. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ يُونُسَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ سَعْدِ بن الْأَحْوَصِ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَاعليه‌السلام : كَمِ الصَّلَاةُ مِنْ رَكْعَةٍ؟ فَقَالَ: « إِحْدى وَخَمْسُونَ رَكْعَةً ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus who said, ‘Ismail Bin SaeedAl-Ahous narrated to me saying,

‘I said toAl-Reza asws , ‘How manyRak’at are in the (daily)Salāts ?’ So heasws said: ‘Fifty-oneRak’at’ .

Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Isa – similar to it.66

17. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام فِي قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ:( إِنَّ ناشِئَةَ اللَّيْلِ هِيَ أَشَدُّ وَطْئاً وَأَقْوَمُ قِيلاً ) قَالَ: « يَعْنِي بِقَوْلِهِ( وَأَقْوَمُ قِيلاً ) : قِيَامَ الرَّجُلِ عَنْ فِرَاشِهِ يُرِيدُ بِهِ اللهَ، لَا يُرِيدُ بِهِ غَيْرَهُ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws regarding the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [73:6] Surely the rising by night is the firmest way to tread and the best speech. Heasws said: ‘The Meaning of Hisazwj Words best speech is the standing of the man from his bed intending Allahazwj by it, not intending anything else by it’.67

18. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ الْخَرَّازِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ يُوقَظُ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقُمْ، أَتَاهُ الشَّيْطَانُ، فَبَالَ فِي أُذُنِهِ ». قَالَ: وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ:( كانُوا قَلِيلاً مِنَ اللَّيْلِ ما يَهْجَعُونَ ) ؟ قَالَ: « كَانُوا أَقَلَّ اللَّيَالِي تَفُوتُهُمْ لَايَقُومُونَ فِيهَا ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Umeyr, from Abu AyoubAl-Khazaz, from Mu hammad Bin Muslim who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullahasws saying: ‘The servant wakes up three times at night, so if he does not stand (forSalāt) , the Satanla comes to him and urinates in his ear’.

He (the narrator) said, ‘And I asked himasws about the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [51:17] They used to sleep but little in the night. Heasws said: ‘There were very few nights which they missed out on, not standing (for theSalāt) in them’.68

19. عَنْهُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ: أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « إِنَّ فِي اللَّيْلِ لَسَاعَةً مَا يُوَافِقُهَا عَبْدٌ مُسْلِمٌ يُصَلِّي وَيَدْعُو اللهَ فِيهَا إِلاَّ اسْتُجِيبَ لَهُ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ ». قُلْتُ: أَصْلَحَكَ اللهُ، فَأَيُّ سَاعَةٍ هِيَ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ؟ قَالَ: « إِذَا مَضى نِصْفُ اللَّيْلِ فِي السُّدُسِ الْأَوَّلِ مِنَ النِّصْفِ الْبَاقِي ».

From him, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Umar Bin Azina,

(It has been narrated) from Umar Bin Yazeed having heard Abu Abdullahasws saying: ‘During the night there is a time what is compatible for a submissive servant to praySalāt and supplicate to Allahazwj during it, except that it would be Answered to him during every night’. I said, ‘May Allahazwj Keep youasws well! So which time from the night is it?’ Heasws said: ‘When half the night passes by, during the first sixth of the remaining half’.69

20. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ: إِنَّ رَجُلاً مِنْ مَوَالِيكَ مِنْ صُلَحَائِهِمْ شَكَا إِلَيَّ مَا يَلْقى مِنَ النَّوْمِ، وَقَالَ: إِنِّي أُرِيدُ الْقِيَامَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ بِاللَّيْلِ، فَيَغْلِبُنِي النَّوْمُ حَتّى أُصْبِحَ، وَرُبَّمَا قَضَيْتُ صَلَاتِيَ الشَّهْرَ مُتَتَابِعاً وَالشَّهْرَيْنِ، أَصْبِرُ عَلى ثِقَلِهِ. فَقَالَ: « قُرَّةُ عَيْنٍ لَهُ وَاللهِ ». قَالَ: وَلَمْ يُرَخِّصْ لَهُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فِي أَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ، وَقَالَ: « الْقَضَاءُ بِالنَّهَارِ أَفْضَلُ ». قُلْتُ: فَإِنَّ مِنْ نِسَائِنَا أَبْكَاراً الْجَارِيَةَ تُحِبُّ الْخَيْرَ وَأَهْلَهُ، وَتَحْرِصُ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ، فَيَغْلِبُهَا النَّوْمُ حَتّى رُبَّمَا قَضَتْ وَرُبَّمَا ضَعُفَتْ عَنْ قَضَائِهِ وَهِيَ تَقْوى عَلَيْهِ أَوَّلَ اللَّيْلِ. فَرَخَّصَ لَهُنَّ فِي الصَّلَاةِ أَوَّلَ اللَّيْلِ إِذَا ضَعُفْنَ، وَضَيَّعْنَ الْقَضَاءَ.

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, fromAl-Husayn Bin Saee d, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Muawiya Bin Wahab,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws , said, ‘I said to himasws , ‘A man from the ones in yourasws Wilayah, from their righteous ones, complained to me of what he faced from the sleep, and said, ‘I intend to stand to theSalāt at night, but the sleep overcomes me until morning, and sometimes I fulfil my (missed out)Salāt of the month consecutively, and for the two months, bearing patiently upon its heaviness’’. So heasws said: ‘A delight for his eyes, by Allahazwj !’.

He (the narrator) said, ‘And heasws did not permit for him regarding the (fulfilling of the outstanding)Salāt during the first part of the night, and said: ‘The fulfilment at daytime is superior’. I said, ‘But there are virgins of our womenfolk, the young girls who love the goodness and its performance, and are covetous upon theSalāt, but the sleep overcomes them until sometimes they fulfil, and sometimes they are too weak from fulfilling it, and they are strong upon it at the beginning of the night’. So heasws permitted for them with regard to theSalāt at the beginning of the night when they were too weak and wasting the fulfilment’.70

21. أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ، عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « مَا كَانَ يُحْمَدُ الرَّجُلُ أَنْ يَقُومَ مِنْ آخِرِ اللَّيْلِ، فَيُصَلِّيَ صَلَاتَهُ ضَرْبَةً وَاحِدَةً، ثُمَّ يَنَامَ وَيَذْهَبَ ».

Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, from Safwan, from Ibn Bukeyr who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘If a man were to stand at the end of the night, so he prays hisSalāt in one go, and then he goes (away) and sleeps, is not Praiseworthy.’71

22. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ، عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ الصَّيْقَلِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ: الرَّجُلُ يُصَلِّي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ مِنَ الْوَتْرِ، ثُمَّ يَقُومُ، فَيَنْسَى التَّشَهُّدَ حَتّى يَرْكَعَ، وَيَذْكُرُ وَهُوَ رَاكِعٌ؟ قَالَ: « يَجْلِسُ مِنْ رُكُوعِهِ، فَيَتَشَهَّدُ، ثُمَّ يَقُومُ، فَيُتِمُّ ». قَالَ: قُلْتُ: أَلَيْسَ قُلْتَ فِي الْفَرِيضَةِ: إِذَا ذَكَرَهُ بَعْدَ مَا رَكَعَ مَضى، ثُمَّ سَجَدَ سَجْدَتَيِ السَّهْوِ بَعْدَ مَا يَنْصَرِفُ، وَيَتَشَهَّدُ فِيهِمَا؟ قَالَ: « لَيْسَ النَّافِلَةُ مِثْلَ الْفَرِيضَةِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Abdullah BinAl-Mugheira, from Ibn Muskan, fromAl-Hassan Al-Sayqa l,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws , said, ‘I said to himasws , ‘The man prays the twoRak’at ofAl-Witr, then he s tands, but he forgets theTashahhud until he has performedRukū (in the thirdRak’at) , and he remembers while he is going down in theRukū’ . Heasws said: ‘He should be seated from hisRukū, and he should performTashahhud, then she should stand and complete (theSalāt) ’.

He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘Did youasws not say regarding the obligatory (Salāt) , when he remembers it after having performed theRukū, he should continue, then performSajdah with twoSajdahs (of omission – Sajda-e-Sahw) after having finished, and he should performTashahhud in these two?’ Heasws said: ‘The optional (Salāt) is not like the Obligatory (Salāt) ’.72

23. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ، عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ وَحَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنْ أَفْضَلِ سَاعَاتِ الْوَتْرِ؟ فَقَالَ: « الْفَجْرُ أَوَّلُ ذلِكَ ».

Al-Husayn Bin Muha mmadAl-Ashary, from Ab dullah Bin Aamir, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Fazalat Bin Ayoub, and Hammad Bin Isa, from Muawiya Bin Wahaba who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about the most superior of the timings forAl-Witr. So he asws said: ‘The dawn is the beginning of that’.73

24. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي سَارَةَ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي أَبَانُ بْنُ تَغْلِبَ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : أَيَّةَ سَاعَةٍ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم يُوتِرُ؟ فَقَالَ: « عَلى مِثْلِ مَغِيبِ الشَّمْسِ إِلى صَلَاةِ الْمَغْرِبِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad BinAl-Husayn, from Ib n Abu Umeyr, from Ismail Bin Abu Sara who said,

‘Aban Bin Taghlub informed me saying, ‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘During which time did Rasool-Allahsaww prayAl-Witr (Salāt)?’ So heasws said: ‘Upon the like of the setting of the sun up toAl-Maghrib Salāt’ .74

25. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام : الرَّكْعَتَانِ اللَّتَانِ قَبْلَ الْغَدَاةِ أَيْنَ مَوْضِعُهُمَا؟ فَقَالَ: « قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ، فَإِذَا طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ فَقَدْ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الْغَدَاةِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ibn Azina, from Zurara who said,

‘I said to Abu Ja’farasws , ‘The twoRak’at which are before the morning, where is their place?’ So heasws said: ‘Before the emergence of the dawn. So when the dawn emerges, so the time for the morning has entered’.75

26. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي الْبِلَادِ، قَالَ: صَلَّيْتُ خَلْفَ الرِّضَاعليه‌السلام فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ صَلَاةَ اللَّيْلِ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ جَعَلَ مَكَانَ الضَّجْعَةِ سَجْدَةً.

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ibn Asbaat, from Ibrahim Bin AbuAl-Balaad who said ,

‘I prayedSalāt behindAl-Reza asws in the SacredMasjid, the nightSalāt. So when heasws was free, heasws made the place of rest as aSajdah’ .76

27. وَعَنْهُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنِ الْحَجَّالِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ‌ الْكِنْدِيِّ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ أَوْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : إِنِّي أَقُومُ آخِرَ اللَّيْلِ، وَأَخَافُ الصُّبْحَ؟ قَالَ: « اقْرَأِ الْحَمْدَ، وَاعْجَلْ وَاعْجَلْ ».

And from him, from Muhammad BinAl-Husayn, from Al -Hajja l, from Abdullah BinAl-Waleed Al-Kindy , from Ismail Bin Jabir, or Abdullah Bin Sinan who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘I stand (forSalāt) at the end of the night, and I fear the morning’. Heasws said: ‘ReciteAl-Hamd (Chapter 1 ), and hasten, and hasten’.77

28. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ، عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ بُرَيْدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَقُومُ مِنْ آخِرِ اللَّيْلِ وَهُوَ يَخْشى أَنْ يَفْجَأَهُ الصُّبْحُ: أَيَبْدَأُ بِالْوَتْرِ، أَوْ يُصَلِّي الصَّلَاةَ عَلى وَجْهِهَا حَتّى يَكُونَ الْوَتْرُ آخِرَ ذلِكَ؟ قَالَ: « بَلْ يَبْدَأُ بِالْوَتْرِ » وَقَالَ: « أَنَا كُنْتُ فَاعِلاً ذلِكَ ».

Al-Husayn Bin Muha mmad, from Abdullah Bin Aamir, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Fazalat Bin Ayoub, fromAl-Qasim Bin Yazee d, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws , said, ‘I asked himasws about the man who stands (for theSalāt) at the end of the night and he is fearing if the morning comes up suddenly, should he begin withAl-Witr, or pray t heSalāt upon its aspects until Al-

Witr happens to be at the end of that?’ Heasws said: ‘But, he should begin withAl-Witr’. And he asws said: ‘Iasws was doing that’.78

29. أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ، عَنْ أَبِي وَلاَّدٍ حَفْصِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنِ التَّسْلِيمِ فِي رَكْعَتَيِ الْوَتْرِ؟ فَقَالَ: « نَعَمْ، وَإِنْ كَانَتْ لَكَ حَاجَةٌ، فَاخْرُجْ وَاقْضِهَا، ثُمَّ عُدْ وَارْكَعْ رَكْعَةً ».

Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Abu Wallad Hafs Bin Saalim who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about theSalām in the twoRak’at (Rak’ats) ofAl-Witr’. So he asws said: ‘Yes, and even if there was a need for you, so go out and fulfil it, then return andRukū with aRukū’ .79

30. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنِ الْوَتْرِ: مَا يُقْرَأُ فِيهِنَّ جَمِيعاً؟ قَالَ بِـ( قُلْ هُوَ اللهُ أَحَدٌ ) ». قُلْتُ: فِي ثَلَاثِهِنَّ ؟ قَالَ: « نَعَمْ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from Ibn Sinan who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws aboutAl-Witr, what is t o be recited therein together’. Heasws said: ‘With [112:1] Say He Allah is One (Chapter 1112)’. I said, ‘In the three (Rak’at) of them?’ Heasws said: ‘Yes’.80

31. عَلِيٌّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ الْقُنُوتِ فِي الْوَتْرِ: هَلْ فِيهِ شَيْ‌ءٌ مُوَقَّتٌ يُتَّبَعُ وَيُقَالُ؟ فَقَالَ: « لَا، أَثْنِ عَلَى اللهِ ـ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ـ وَصَلِّ عَلَى النَّبِيِّصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، وَاسْتَغْفِرْ لِذَنْبِكَ الْعَظِيمِ » ثُمَّ قَالَ: « كُلُّ ذَنْبٍ عَظِيمٌ ».

Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, fromAl-Halby,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having been asked about the Qunut inAl-Witr (Salāt), ‘ Is there anything fixed to be followed and said?’ So heasws said: ‘No. Laud upon Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic and send Blessings upon the Prophetsaww , and seek Forgiveness for your grievous sins’. Then heasws said: ‘Every sin is grievous’.81

32. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَبَانٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « الْقُنُوتُ فِي الْوَتْرِ الِاسْتِغْفَارُ، وَفِي الْفَرِيضَةِ الدُّعَاءُ ».

Al-Husayn Bin Muha mmad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Aban, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Abdullah who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘The Qunut inAl-Witr (Salāt) is the seeking of Forgiveness, and in the Obligatory (Salāt) , it is the supplication’.82

33. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيى، عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « اسْتَغْفِرِ اللهَ فِي الْوَتْرِ سَبْعِينَ مَرَّةً ».

Muhammad Bin Ismail, fromAl-Fazl Bin ShAzaa n, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Mansour Bin Hazim,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The seeking of Forgiveness inAl-Witr (Salāt) is seventy times’.83

34. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ مُوسى، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ بَعْضِ رِجَالِهِ، قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، إِنِّي قَدْ حُرِمْتُ الصَّلَاةَ بِاللَّيْلِ فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَعليه‌السلام : « أَنْتَ رَجُلٌ قَدْ قَيَّدَتْكَ ذُنُوبُكَ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Imran Bin Musa, fromAl-Hassan Bin Ali BinAl-Numan, from his father, from one of his men who said,

‘A man came over to AmirAl-Momineen Ali asws Bin Abu Talibasws , so he said, ‘O AmirAl-Momineen asws ! I have been deprived of theSalāt at night’. So AmirAl-Momineen asws sa id: ‘You are a man, your sins have restricted you’.84

35. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ، قَالَ: قَرَأْتُ فِي كِتَابِ رَجُلٍ إِلى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام : الرَّكْعَتَانِ اللَّتَانِ قَبْلَ صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ‌ مِنْ صَلَاةِ اللَّيْلِ هِيَ، أَمْ مِنْ صَلَاةِ النَّهَارِ؟ وَفِي أَيِّ وَقْتٍ أُصَلِّيهَا ؟ فَكَتَبَ بِخَطِّهِ: « احْشُهَا فِي صَلَاةِ اللَّيْلِ حَشْواً ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ali Bin Mahziyar who said,

‘I read in the letter of a man to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘The twoRak’at which are beforeAl-Fajr Salāt, are there from theSalāts of the night or from theSalāts of the daytime, and in which time should I be praying these?’ So heasws wrote in hisasws own handwriting: ‘Fill them in the nightSalāt with a complete filling’. 85

85 - بَابُ تَقْدِيمِ النَّوَافِلِ وَتَأْخِيرِهَا وَقَضَائِهَا وَصَلَاةِ الضُّحى

Chapter 85 – Preceding the optional (Salāt) and delaying it, and its payback, and the Salāt at forenoon

1. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ بُرَيْدِ بْنِ ضَمْرَةَ اللَّيْثِيِّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَشْتَغِلُ عَنِ الزَّوَالِ: أَيُعَجِّلُ مِنْ أَوَّلِ النَّهَارِ؟ فَقَالَ: « نَعَمْ، إِذَا عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ يَشْتَغِلُ، فَيُعَجِّلُهَا فِي صَدْرِ النَّهَارِ كُلَّهَا ».

Al-Husayn Bin Muha mmad, from Abdullah Bin Aamir, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, fromAl-Husayn Bin Saee d, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Bureyd Bin ZamraAl-Laysi, from Muh ammad Bin Muslim who said,

‘I asked Abu Ja’farasws about the man who is too busy from the midday, ‘Can he hasten from the beginning of the day?’ So heasws said: ‘Yes, when he knows that he would be too busy, so he can hasten it during the middle of the day, all of it’.86

2. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمنِ، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ: لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ، ضُرِبَتْ عَلى رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم خَيْمَةٌ سَوْدَاءُ مِنْ شَعْرٍ بِالْأَبْطَحِ، ثُمَّ أَفَاضَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءَ مِنْ جَفْنَةٍ يُرى فِيهَا أَثَرُ الْعَجِينِ، ثُمَّ تَحَرَّى الْقِبْلَةَ ضُحًى، فَرَكَعَ ثَمَانِيَ رَكَعَاتٍ لَمْ يَرْكَعْهَا رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم قَبْلَ ذلِكَ وَلَابَعْدُ

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from Muawiya Bin Wahab who said,

‘When it was the day of the conquest of Makkah, a tent of black hair (animal skin) was pitched up for Rasool-Allahsaww atAl-Abtah. The wate r was poured upon it for the traces of the dust seen in it. Then the direction of theQiblah was investigated at forenoon, so hesaww prayed eightRak’at (ofSalāt) . Never had Rasool-Allahsaww prayed these before that, nor (did hesaww pray these) afterwards’.87

3. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « اقْضِ مَا فَاتَكَ مِنْ صَلَاةِ النَّهَارِ بِالنَّهَارِ، وَمَا فَاتَكَ مِنْ صَلَاةِ اللَّيْلِ بِاللَّيْلِ » قُلْتُ: أَقْضِي وَتْرَيْنِ فِي لَيْلَةٍ ؟ فَقَالَ: « نَعَمِ، اقْضِ وَتْراً أَبَداً ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Muawiya Bin Ammar who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘Fulfil whatever is lost by you from theSalāts of the daytime, at daytime, and whatever is lost by you from theSalāts of the night, at night-time’. I said, ‘Can I fulfil twoAl-Witr (Salāt) du ring a night?’ So heasws said: ‘Yes, fulfil Witr (Salāt) , always’.88

4. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ مُرَازِمٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَابِرٍ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، فَقَالَ: أَصْلَحَكَ اللهُ، إِنَّ عَلَيَّ نَوَافِلَ كَثِيرَةً، فَكَيْفَ أَصْنَعُ؟ فَقَالَ: « اقْضِهَا ». فَقَالَ لَهُ: إِنَّهَا أَكْثَرُ مِنْ ذلِكَ ؟ قَالَ: « اقْضِهَا ». قُلْتُ: لَا أُحْصِيهَا؟ قَالَ: « تَوَخَّ ». قَالَ مُرَازِمٌ: وَكُنْتُ مَرِضْتُ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ لَمْ أَتَنَفَّلْ فِيهَا، قُلْتُ: أَصْلَحَكَ اللهُ وَجُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ، مَرِضْتُ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ لَمْ أُصَلِّ نَافِلَةً؟ فَقَالَ: « لَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ قَضَاءٌ: إِنَّ الْمَرِيضَ لَيْسَ كَالصَّحِيحِ، كُلُّ مَا غَلَبَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ، فَاللهُ أَوْلى بِالْعُذْرِ فِيهِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from IbnAbu Umeyr, from Murazim who said,

‘Ismail Bin Jabir asked Abu Abdullahasws , so he said, ‘May Allahazwj Keep youasws well! Upon me are a lot of (outstanding) optional (Salāts ). So how should I deal with these?’ So heasws said: ‘Fulfil them’. So he said to himasws , ‘They are more numerous than that’. Heasws said: ‘Fulfil these’. I said, ‘I cannot (even) count them’. Heasws said: ‘Be at it’.

Murazim said, ‘And I was sick for four months, not praying optional (Salāt) therein. I said, ‘May Allahazwj Keep youasws well! I was sick for four months, not praying optionalSalāts ’. So heasws said: ‘Fulfilment is not upon you. The sick one is not like the healthy one. Everyone whom Allahazwj Overcomes upon, so Allahazwj is the closest with the Excusing with regards to it’.89

5. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْجُعْفِيِّ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام : « أَفْضَلُ قَضَاءِ النَّوَافِلِ قَضَاءُ صَلَاةِ اللَّيْلِ بِاللَّيْلِ، وَصَلَاةِ النَّهَارِ بِالنَّهَارِ ». قُلْتُ: فَيَكُونُ وَتْرَانِ فِي لَيْلَةٍ؟ قَالَ: « لَا ». قُلْتُ: وَلِمَ تَأْمُرُنِي أَنْ أُوتِرَ وَتْرَيْنِ فِي لَيْلَةٍ؟ فَقَالَعليه‌السلام : « أَحَدُهُمَا قَضَاءٌ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad, from Ali BinAl-Hakam, from Aba n Bin Usman, from IsmailAl-Ju’fy who said,

‘Abu Ja’farasws said: ‘The best way of fulfilling the optional (Salāts ) is fulfilling the (outstanding) night ones at night, and the (outstanding) day ones at daytime’. I said, ‘So, can there be twoAl-Witr (Salāts) a t night?’ Heasws said: ‘No’. I said, ‘And why not? Youasws are ordering me that I pray one Witr (Salāt) and two Witr (Salāts ) in one night’. So heasws said: ‘One of the two is a fulfilment (of an outstanding one)’.90

6. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ، قَالَ: سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنْ رَجُلٍ فَاتَتْهُ صَلَاةُ النَّهَارِ: مَتى يَقْضِيهَا؟ قَالَ: « مَتى مَا شَاءَ، إِنْ شَاءَ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ، وَإِنْ شَاءَ بَعْدَ الْعِشَاءِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, fromAl-Halby who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws was asked about a man for whom the daytimeSalāts were missed out, when should he fulfil them?’ Heasws said: ‘Whenever he so wishes to. If he so desires to, afterAl-Maghrib, and if he so desires to, afterAl-Isha’. 91

7. مُح َمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيى، عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ تَفُوتُهُ صَلَاةُ النَّهَارِ ؟ قَالَ: « يُصَلِّيهَا، إِنْ شَاءَ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ، وَإِنْ شَاءَ بَعْدَ الْعِشَاءِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad BinAl-Husayn, from Sa fwan Bin Yahya, fromAl-A’ala, from Muh ammad Bin Muslim who said,

‘I asked himasws about the man for whom the daytimeSalāts are missed out. Heasws said: ‘He should pray these, if he so desires to, afterAl-Maghrib, and if he so desires to, afterAl-Isha’. 92

8. مُح َمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْقُمِّيِّ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ رَفَعَهُ، قَالَ: مَرَّ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ بِرَجُلٍ يُصَلِّي الضُّحى فِي مَسْجِدِ الْكُوفَةِ، فَغَمَزَ جَنْبَهُ بِالدِّرَّةِ، وَقَالَ: « نَحَرْتَ صَلَاةَ الْأَوَّابِينَ نَحَرَكَ اللهُ » قَالَ: فَأَتْرُكُهَا؟ قَالَ: فَقَالَ: «( أَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِي يَنْهى * عَبْداً إِذا صَلّى ) ؟ ». فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : « وَكَفى بِإِنْكَارِ عَلِيٍّعليه‌السلام نَهْياً ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin IsmailAl-Qummy, from Ali BinAl-Hakam, from Say f Bin Ameyra, raising it, said,

‘AmirAl-Momineen asws pa ssed by a man who was praying the forenoonSalāt inMasjid Al-Kufa. So he asws pressed his side by the whip and said: ‘You slaughtered theSalāt of the repentant, may Allahazwj Slaughter you’. Heasws said: ‘So shall I leave it?’ So heasws said: ‘What is your view of those who forbid a servant when he is prayingSalāt? ’ So Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘And the denial of Aliasws is sufficient for its forbiddance’.93

9. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَالْفُضَيْلِ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِمَا: « أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم قَالَ: صَلَاةُ الضُّحى بِدْعَةٌ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad Bin Ibsa, from Hareyz, from Zurara, andAl-Fuzayl,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws and Abu Abdullahasws that Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘TheSalāt at forenoon is an innovation’.94

10. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْوَشَّاءِ، عَنْ أَبَانٍ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنْ قَضَاءِ الْوَتْرِ بَعْدَ الظُّهْرِ؟ فَقَالَ: « اقْضِهِ وَتْراً أَبَداً كَمَا فَاتَكَ ». قُلْتُ: وَتْرَانِ فِي لَيْلَةٍ؟. قَالَ: « نَعَمْ، أَلَيْسَ إِنَّمَا أَحَدُهُمَا قَضَاءٌ؟ ».

Al-Husayn Bin Muha mmad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, fromAl-Hassan Bin Ali Al-Washa, from Aba n, from Suleyman Bin Halid who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about the fulfilment of (an outstanding)Al-Witr (Salāt), a fterAl-Zohr. So heasws said: ‘Fulfil it is a Witr (Salāt) always just as it was missed out by you’. I said, ‘And (there would be) two Witr (Salāts ) in one night?’ Heasws said: ‘Yes. Is it not so, rather, that one of the two is a fulfilment (of an outstanding one)?’95

11. عَلِيٌّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ، عَنْ أَبِي جَرِيرٍ الْقُمِّيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « كَانَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام يَقْضِي عِشْرِينَ وَتْراً فِي لَيْلَةٍ ».

Ali, from his father, from IbnAl-Mugheira, from Abu JareerAl-Qummy,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘It was so that Abu Ja’farasws had fulfilled twenty Witr (Salāts ) in one night’.96

12. عَنْهُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا اجْتَمَعَ عَلَيْكَ وَتْرَانِ، أَوْ ثَلَاثَةٌ، أَوْ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ ذلِكَ، فَاقْضِ ذلِكَ كَمَا فَاتَكَ، تَفْصِلُ بَيْنَ كُلِّ وَتْرَيْنِ بِصَلَاةٍ: لِأَنَّ الْوَتْرَ الْآخِرَ لَاتُقَدِّمَنَّ شَيْئاً قَبْلَ أَوَّلِهِ، الْأَوَّلَ فَالْأَوَّلَ، تَبْدَأُ إِذَا أَنْتَ قَضَيْتَ صَلَاةَ لَيْلَتِكَ، ثُمَّ الْوَتْرَ ». قَالَ: وَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام : « لَا يَكُونُ وَتْرَانِ فِي لَيْلَةٍ إِلاَّ وَأَحَدُهُمَا قَضَاءٌ » وَقَالَ: « إِنْ أَوْتَرْتَ مِنْ أَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ، وَقُمْتَ فِي آخِرِ اللَّيْلِ، فَوَتْرُكَ الْأَوَّلُ قَضَاءٌ، وَمَا صَلَّيْتَ مِنْ صَلَاةٍ فِي لَيْلَتِكَ كُلِّهَا، فَلْيَكُنْ قَضَاءً إِلى آخِرِ صَلَاتِكَ: فَإِنَّهَا لِلَيْلَتِكَ، وَلْيَكُنْ آخِرُ صَلَاتِكَ الْوَتْرَ وَتْرَ لَيْلَتِكَ ».

From him, from his father, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Zurara,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘When two (outstanding) Witr (Salāts ) gather upon you, or three, or more than that, so fulfil that just as it has been missed out, keeping a distance between every two Witr (Salāts ), with oneSalāt, becauseAl-Witr (Salāt) is the last one, nothing can precede its first one as the first one. So the first one to begin with is when you fulfil an (outstanding)Salāt of your night, then you prayAl-Witr’.

He (the narrator) said, ‘And Abu Ja’farasws said: ‘TwoAl-Witr (Salāts) c annot happen to be in one night except that one of the two is a fulfilment (of an outstanding one)’.

And heasws said: ‘If you were to prayAl-Witr (Salāt) at the beginning of the night and stand (to pray) at the end of the night, so your first Witr (Salāt) is a fulfilment (of an outstanding one), and whatever you had prayed from theSalāt during your night, all of them, so let the fulfilment (of outstandingSalāts ) be at the end of yourSalāts , for these are for your night, and let the last of yourSalāts beAl-Witr (Salāt), b eing Witr for your night’.97

13. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام : رَجُلٌ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ صَلَاةِ النَّوَافِلِ مَا لَايَدْرِي مَا هُوَ مِنْ كَثْرَتِهِ، كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ؟ قَالَ: « فَلْيُصَلِّ حَتّى لَايَدْرِيَ كَمْ صَلّى مِنْ كَثْرَتِهِ، فَيَكُونَ قَدْ قَضى بِقَدْرِ‌ عِلْمِهِ ». قُلْتُ: فَإِنَّهُ لَايَقْدِرُ عَلَى الْقَضَاءِ مِنْ كَثْرَةِ شُغُلِهِ. فَقَالَ: « إِنْ كَانَ شُغُلُهُ فِي طَلَبِ مَعِيشَةٍ لَابُدَّ مِنْهَا، أَوْ حَاجَةٍ لِأَخٍ مُؤْمِنٍ، فَلَا شَيْ‌ءَ عَلَيْهِ: وَإِنْ كَانَ شُغُلُهُ لِدُنْيَا تَشَاغَلَ بِهَا عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ، فَعَلَيْهِ الْقَضَاءُ، وَإِلاَّ لَقِيَ اللهَ مُسْتَخِفّاً مُتَهَاوِناً مُضَيِّعاً لِسُنَّةِ رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ». قُلْتُ: فَإِنَّهُ لَايَقْدِرُ عَلَى الْقَضَاءِ، فَهَلْ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَصَدَّقَ؟ فَسَكَتَ مَلِيّاً، ثُمَّ قَالَ: « نَعَمْ، فَلْيَتَصَدَّقْ بِصَدَقَةٍ ». قُلْتُ: وَمَا يَتَصَدَّقُ ؟ فَقَالَ: « بِقَدْرِ طَوْلِهِ، وَأَدْنى ذلِكَ مُدٌّ لِكُلِّ مِسْكِينٍ مَكَانَ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ ». قُلْتُ: وَكَمِ الصَّلَاةُ الَّتِي تَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ فِيهَا مُدٌّ لِكُلِّ مِسْكِينٍ ؟ فَقَالَ: « لِكُلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ مِنْ صَلَاةِ اللَّيْلِ، وَكُلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ مِنْ صَلَاةِ النَّهَارِ ». فَقُلْتُ: لَايَقْدِرُ، فَقَالَ: « مُدٌّ لِكُلِّ أَرْبَعِ رَكَعَاتٍ ». فَقُلْتُ: لَايَقْدِرُ، فَقَالَ: « مُدٌّ لِكُلِّ صَلَاةِ اللَّيْلِ، وَمُدٌّ لِصَلَاةِ النَّهَارِ: وَالصَّلَاةُ أَفْضَلُ، وَالصَّلَاةُ أَفْضَلُ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Amro Bin Usman, from Ali Bin Abdullah, from Abdullah Bin Sinan who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws , ‘There is a man upon whom are (outstanding) optionalSalāts what he does not even know how many they are due to their abundance. How should he deal with these?’ Heasws said: ‘So let him pray until he does not know how many he has prayed, due to its abundance, so he would have fulfilled by a measure of his knowledge’.

I said, ‘Supposing he is not able upon the fulfilment due to many pre-occupations?’ So heasws said: ‘If it was so that his pre-occupation was regarding seeking of the livelihood, it being a must from it, or (fulfilling) a need of a Believing brother, so there is nothing upon him; and if it was so that his pre-occupation was for the world, being too pre-occupied with it from theSalāt, so upon him is the fulfilment, or else he would meet Allahazwj as fearful, negligent, wasteful of a Sunnah of Rasool-Allahsaww ’.

I said, ‘Supposing he is not able upon the fulfilment, so would it be correct for him if he were to give charity (instead)?’ So heasws was silent for a while, then said: ‘Yes, so let him give in charity’. I said, ‘And what should he give in charity’. So heasws said: ‘In accordance with his capacity, and the least of that is a Mudd to each poor one in place of eachSalāt’ . I said, ‘And how manySalāt does it Obligate upon him with regards to it, a Mudd for every poor on?’ So heasws said: ‘For every twoRak’at from aSalāt of the night, and every twoRak’at from aSalāt of the daytime’.

So I said, ‘He is not able’. So heasws said: ‘A Mudd for every fourRak’at’ . So I said, ‘He is not able’. So heasws said: ‘A Mudd for every nightSalāt, and a Mudd for every daytimeSalāt, and the (performing of the)Salāt is superior, and the (performing of the)Salāt is superior’.98

14. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُذَافِرٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: قَالَ: « اعْلَمْ أَنَّ النَّافِلَةَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْهَدِيَّةِ، مَتى مَا أُتِيَ بِهَا قُبِلَتْ ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Amro Bin Usman, from Muhammad Bin Uzafir, from Umar Bin Yazeed,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Know, that the optional (Salāt) is at the status of a gift. Whenever one comes up with it, is Accepted’.99

15. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ، عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا: أَنَّ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلَعليه‌السلام كَانَ إِذَا اهْتَمَّ تَرَكَ النَّافِلَةَ.

Al-Husayn Bin Muha mmad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Asbaat, from a number of our companions that,

‘It was so that whenever AbuAl-Hassan asws the 1st was distressed, heasws left the optional (Salāt) ’.100

16. وَعَنْهُ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَعْبَدٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ: عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَاعليهما‌السلام ، قَالَ: « قَالَ النَّبِيُّصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم : إِنَّ لِلْقُلُوبِ إِقْبَالاً وَإِدْبَاراً، فَإِذَا أَقْبَلَتْ فَتَنَفَّلُوا، وَإِذَا أَدْبَرَتْ فَعَلَيْكُمْ بِالْفَرِيضَةِ ».

And from him, from Ali Bin Ma’bad, or someone else,

(It has been narrated) from one of the two (5th or 6th Imamasws having said: ‘The Prophetsaww said: ‘For the hearts there is a welcoming and a turning back. So whenever it welcomes, so you tend to pray optional (Salāt) , and when it turns back, so upon you is with the Obligatory (Salāts )’.101

17. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ حَبِيبٍ، قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَاعليه‌السلام : يَكُونُ عَلَيَّ الصَّلَاةُ النَّافِلَةُ، مَتى أَقْضِيهَا؟ فَكَتَبَعليه‌السلام : « أَيَّ سَاعَةٍ شِئْتَ مِنْ لَيْلٍ أَوْ نَهَارٍ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad BinAl-Husayn, from Mu hammad Bin Yahya Bin Habeeb who said,

‘I wrote to AbuAl-Hassan Al-Reza asws , ‘There happen to be optionalSalāts (outstanding) upon me, when shall I fulfil them?’ So heasws wrote: ‘Whichever time you so desire to, from a night or a day’.102

18. وَبِهذَا الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ مِسْكِينٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ السَّرَّادِ، قَالَ: سَأَلَ أَبُو كَهْمَسٍ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، فَقَالَ: يُصَلِّي الرَّجُلُ نَوَافِلَهُ فِي مَوْضِعٍ، أَوْ يُفَرِّقُهَا؟ فَقَالَ: « لَا، بَلْ يُفَرِّقُهَا هَاهُنَا وَهَاهُنَا، فَإِنَّهَا تَشْهَدُ لَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ ».

And by this chain, from Muhammad BinAl-Husayn, from Al -Hakam Bin Miskeen, from Abdullah Bin AliAl-Sarrad who said ,

‘Abu Kahmasy asked Abu Abdullahasws , so he said, ‘Should the man pray optional (Salāts ) in one place or different?’ So heasws said: ‘No, but he should pray in different places, over her, and over these, for these (places) would be testifying for him on the Day of Judgment’.103

19. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الرَّيَّانِ، قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام : رَجُلٌ يَقْضِي شَيْئاً مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ الْخَمْسِينَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ، أَوْ فِي مَسْجِدِ الرَّسُولِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، أَوْ فِي مَسْجِدِ الْكُوفَةِ: أَتُحْسَبُ لَهُ الرَّكْعَةُ عَلى تَضَاعُفِ مَا جَاءَ عَنْ آبَائِكَعليهم‌السلام فِي هذِهِ الْمَسَاجِدِ حَتّى يُجْزِئَهُ ـ إِذَا كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ عَشَرَةُ آلَافِ رَكْعَةٍ ـ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ أَوْ أَقَلَّ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ، وَكَيْفَ يَكُونُ حَالُهُ ؟ فَوَقَّعَعليه‌السلام : « يُحْسَبُ لَهُ بِالضِّعْفِ، فَأَمَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ تَقْصِيراً مِنَ صَلَاتِهِ بِحَالِهَا، فَلَا يَفْعَلُ، هُوَ إِلَى الزِّيَادَةِ أَقْرَبُ مِنْهُ إِلَى النُّقْصَانِ ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad BinAl-Rayyan who said ,

‘I wrote to Abu Ja’farasws , ‘A man fulfils something from his (outstanding) fiftySalāts in the SacredMasjid, or in theMasjid of Rasool-Allahsaww , or inMasjid Al-Kufa. Would the oneRak’at of his be Reckoned for him upon the multiplication of what has come from yourasws forefathersasws regarding theseMasjids , to extent that it would suffice him, when there were ten thousand (outstanding)Rak’at upon him, if he were to pray one hundredRak’at, or less, or more? And what would be his state?’

So heasws signed: ‘It would be Reckoned for him with the multiple. But, if there happen to be shortened ones from theSalāt, (these would be) at their state. So he would not do it except for the increase, being closer to it than the deficiency’.104

20. أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِعليه‌السلام عَنِ الرَّجُلِ الْمُسْتَعْجِلِ: مَا الَّذِي يُجْزِئُهُ فِي النَّافِلَةِ؟ قَالَ: « ثَلَاثُ تَسْبِيحَاتٍ فِي الْقِرَاءَةِ، وَتَسْبِيحَةٌ فِي الرُّكُوعِ، وَتَسْبِيحَةٌ فِي‌ السُّجُودِ ».

Ahmad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from his father, from Abdullah BinAl-Fazl Al-Nowfaly , from Ali Bin Abu Hamza who said,

‘I asked AbuAl-Hassan asws abou t the man in haste, what is that which would suffice him in the optional (Salāt) ?’ Heasws said: ‘Three Glorifications in the recitation, and a Glorification in theRukū, and a Glorification in theSajdah’ . 105

86 - بَابُ صَلَاةِ الْخَوْفِ‌

Chapter 86 – Salāt of (during) fear

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنْ صَلَاةِ الْخَوْفِ؟ قَالَ: « يَقُومُ الْإِمَامُ، وَتَجِي‌ءُ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ، فَيَقُومُونَ خَلْفَهُ، وَطَائِفَةٌ بِإِزَاءِ الْعَدُوِّ، فَيُصَلِّي بِهِمُ الْإِمَامُ رَكْعَةً، ثُمَّ يَقُومُ، وَيَقُومُونَ مَعَهُ، فَيَمْثُلُ قَائِماً، وَيُصَلُّونَ هُمُ الرَّكْعَةَ الثَّانِيَةَ، ثُمَّ يُسَلِّمُ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلى بَعْضٍ، ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفُونَ، فَيَقُومُونَ فِي مَقَامِ أَصْحَابِهِمْ، وَيَجِي‌ءُ الْآخَرُونَ، فَيَقُومُونَ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ، فَيُصَلِّي بِهِمُ الرَّكْعَةَ الثَّانِيَةَ، ثُمَّ يَجْلِسُ الْإِمَامُ، فَيَقُومُونَ هُمْ، فَيُصَلُّونَ رَكْعَةً أُخْرى، ثُمَّ يُسَلِّمُ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَيَنْصَرِفُونَ بِتَسْلِيمِهِ ». قَالَ: « وَفِي الْمَغْرِبِ مِثْلُ ذلِكَ يَقُومُ الْإِمَامُ، وَتَجِي‌ءُ طَائِفَةٌ، فَيَقُومُونَ خَلْفَهُ، ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي بِهِمْ رَكْعَةً، ثُمَّ يَقُومُ وَيَقُومُونَ، فَيَمْثُلُ الْإِمَامُ قَائِماً، وَيُصَلُّونَ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ، فَيَتَشَهَّدُونَ، وَيُسَلِّمُ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلى بَعْضٍ، ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفُونَ، فَيَقُومُونَ فِي مَوْقِفِ أَصْحَابِهِمْ، وَيَجِي‌ءُ الْآخَرُونَ، وَيَقُومُونَ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ، فَيُصَلِّي بِهِمْ رَكْعَةً يَقْرَأُ فِيهَا، ثُمَّ يَجْلِسُ، فَيَتَشَهَّدُ، ثُمَّ يَقُومُ وَيَقُومُونَ مَعَهُ، وَيُصَلِّي بِهِمْ رَكْعَةً أُخْرى، ثُمَّ يَجْلِسُ، وَيَقُومُونَ هُمْ، فَيُتِمُّونَ رَكْعَةً أُخْرى، ثُمَّ يُسَلِّمُ عَلَيْهِمْ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, fromAl-Halby who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about theSalāt during the fear. Heasws said: ‘The prayer leader would be standing, and a group of his companions would come and be standing behind him, and a group would be facing the enemy, So the prayer leader would praySalāt with them (leading them), for oneRak’at. Then he would be standing and they would be standing along with him. So he would represent them standing, and they would be in the secondRak’at. Then they would be greeting each other (Salaam), then they w ould be dispersing.

So they would be going to stand in the place of their companions, and the other ones would be coming and standing behind the prayer leader. So he would pray the secondRak’at with them. Then the prayer leader would be seated, and they would be standing, praying anotherRak’at ofSalāt. The he would greet upon them (Salaam), and they wo uld be dispersing by his greeting (Salaam)’.

He asws sai d: ‘And duringAl-Maghrib (Salāt) , it is similar to that. The prayer leader would be standing and a group would come, so they would be standing behind him. Then he would praySalāt with them (leading them) for oneRak’at, and they would be standing. So the prayer leader would represent them standing, and they would be praying the twoRak’at. So they would be performing theTashahhud, and some of the would saySalām upon the other.

Then they would dispersing, and be standing in the place of their companions, and the others would come and they would be standing behind the prayer leader. So he would praySalāt with them (leading them), reciting therein, then be seated. So he would performTashahhud, then he would be standing and they would be standing along with him, and he would pray anotherRak’at with them. Then he would be seated, and they would be standing, so they would be completing one moreRak’at. Then he would saySalām upon them’.106

2. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ أَبَانٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « صَلّى رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم بِأَصْحَابِهِ فِي غَزْوَةِ ذَاتِ‌ الرِّقَاعِ صَلَاةَ الْخَوْفِ، فَفَرَّقَ أَصْحَابَهُ فِرْقَتَيْنِ، أَقَامَ فِرْقَةً بِإِزَاءِ الْعَدُوِّ وَفِرْقَةً خَلْفَهُ، فَكَبَّرَ وَكَبَّرُوا، فَقَرَأَ وَأَنْصَتُوا، وَرَكَعَ فَرَكَعُوا، وَسَجَدَ فَسَجَدُوا، ثُمَّ اسْتَتَمَّ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم قَائِماً، وَصَلَّوْا لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ رَكْعَةً، ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلى بَعْضٍ، ثُمَّ خَرَجُوا إِلى أَصْحَابِهِمْ، فَقَامُوا بِإِزَاءِ الْعَدُوِّ، وَجَاءَ أَصْحَابُهُمْ، فَقَامُوا خَلْفَ رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، فَصَلّى بِهِمْ رَكْعَةً، ثُمَّ تَشَهَّدَ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَقَامُوا، فَصَلَّوْا لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ رَكْعَةً، ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلى بَعْضٍ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ali BinAl-Hakam, from Aba n, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Abdullah,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww prayedSalāt with hissaww companions during a military expedition of ZaatAl-Riqa’a, the Salāt during the fear. So hissaww companions separated into to groups. One group stood facing the enemy, and one group was behind himsaww . So hesaww exclaimed aTakbīr, and they exc laimedTakbīr. So hesaww re cited, and they listened silently, and hesaww went intoRukū, so they went intoRukū, and hesaww went intoSajdah, so they went intoSajdah.

Then Rasool-Allahsaww completed (theSalāt) standing, and they prayed oneRak’at by themselves. Then they performedSalām upon each other (Salām) , then they went out to their companions. So they stood facing the enemy, and their companions came over, so they were standing behind Rasool-Allahsaww . So hesaww prayed oneRak’at with them (leading them). Then hesaww performedTashahhud and offeredSalām upon them. So they stood and prayed oneRak’at by themselves, then offeredSalām upon each other’.107

3. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْوَشَّاءِ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام يَقُولُ: « إِنْ كُنْتَ فِي أَرْضِ مَخَافَةٍ، فَخَشِيتَ لِصّاً أَوْ سَبُعاً، فَصَلِّ عَلى دَابَّتِكَ ».

Al-Husayn Bin Muha mmad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, fromAl-Hassan Bin Ali Al-Washa, from Ham mad Bin Usman, from Abu Baseer who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullahasws saying: ‘If you were in a dangerous land, and you fear a thief, or predatory wild animal, so praySalāt upon your animal’.108

4. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ زُرْعَةَ، عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْأَسِيرِ يَأْسِرُهُ الْمُشْرِكُونَ، فَتَحْضُرُهُ الصَّلَاةُ، فَيَمْنَعُهُ الَّذِي أَسَرَهُ مِنْهَا؟ قَالَ: « يُومِئُ إِيمَاءً ».

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from his father, from Zur’at who said,

‘I asked himasws about the captive imprisoned by the Polytheists. So theSalāt (time) presents itself, but the one who imprisoned him prevents him from it. Heasws said: ‘He would indicate by gestures’.109

5. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ، قُلْتُ: أَكُونُ فِي طَرِيقِ مَكَّةَ، فَنَنْزِلُ لِلصَّلَاةِ فِي مَوَاضِعَ فِيهَا الْأَعْرَابُ، أَنُصَلِّي الْمَكْتُوبَةَ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ، فَنَقْرَأُ أُمَّ الْكِتَابِ وَحْدَهَا، أَمْ نُصَلِّي عَلَى الرَّاحِلَةِ، فَنَقْرَأُ فَاتِحَةَ الْكِتَابِ وَالسُّورَةَ؟ فَقَالَ: « إِذَا خِفْتَ، فَصَلِّ عَلَى الرَّاحِلَةِ الْمَكْتُوبَةَ وَغَيْرَهَا، وَإِذَا قَرَأْتَ الْحَمْدَ وَسُورَةً أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ، وَلَا أَرى بِالَّذِي فَعَلْتَ بَأْساً ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Ismail who said,

‘I asked himasws saying, ‘I happen to be in a road of Makkah, so we descend for theSalāt in a place wherein are Bedouins. Can we pray the ObligatorySalāt upon the ground, reciting the Mother of the Book (Chapter 1) alone, or should we praySalāt upon the ride, and we recite the Opening of the Book (Chapter 1) and the (another) Chapter?’ So heasws said: ‘When you fear, so praySalāt upon the ride, the Prescribed ones and others; and when you reciteAl-Hamd (Chapter 1 ) and a Chapter, it would be more beloved to me, and Iasws do not see a problem with that which you do’.110

6. أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ أَبَانٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام عَنْ قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ:( فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ فَرِجالاً أَوْ رُكْباناً ) : كَيْفَ يُصَلِّي، وَمَا يَقُولُ؟ إِذَا خَافَ مِنْ سَبُعٍ أَوْ لِصٍّ كَيْفَ يُصَلِّي؟ قَالَ: « يُكَبِّرُ وَيُومِئُ إِيمَاءً بِرَأْسِهِ ».

Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali BinAl-Hakam, from Aba n, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Abdullah who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws about the Words of Allahazwj MIghhty and Majestic [2:239] But if you are in danger, then (perform your Salat) on foot or on horseback, ‘How should be praySalāt, and what are youasws saying where there is fear from predatory wild animals, or thieves, how should we be prayingSalāt? ’ Heasws said: ‘He should exclaim aTakbīr and indicate gesturing with his head’. 111

87 - بَابُ صَلَاةِ الْمُطَارَدَةِ وَالْمُوَاقَفَةِ وَالْمُسَايَفَةِ

Chapter 87 – The Salāt of the pursuit, and the cover, and the combat

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ الْقُمِّيُّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُذَافِرٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « إِذَا جَالَتِ الْخَيْلُ تَضْطَرِبُ السُّيُوفُ، أَجْزَأَهُ تَكْبِيرَتَانِ: فَهذَا تَقْصِيرٌ آخَرُ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from his father, from Amro Bin Usman, from Muhammad Bin Uzafir,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘When the horses gallop and the swords are restless, two exclamations ofTakbīr would suffice him. So this is another reduction’.112

2. عَلِيٌّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَفُضَيْلٍ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « فِي صَلَاةِ الْخَوْفِ عِنْدَ الْمُطَارَدَةِ وَالْمُنَاوَشَةِ يُصَلِّي‌ كُلُّ إِنْسَانٍ مِنْهُمْ بِالْإِيمَاءِ حَيْثُ كَانَ وَجْهُهُ وَإِنْ كَانَتِ الْمُسَايَفَةُ وَالْمُعَانَقَةُ وَتَلَاحُمُ الْقِتَالِ: فَإِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ صَلّى لَيْلَةَ صِفِّينَ ـ وَهِيَ لَيْلَةُ الْهَرِيرِ ـ لَمْ تَكُنْ صَلَاتُهُمُ الظُّهْرُ وَالْعَصْرُ وَالْمَغْرِبُ وَالْعِشَاءُ عِنْدَ وَقْتِ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ إِلاَّ التَّكْبِيرَ وَالتَّهْلِيلَ وَالتَّسْبِيحَ وَالتَّحْمِيدَ وَالدُّعَاءَ، فَكَانَتْ تِلْكَ صَلَاتَهُمْ، لَمْ يَأْمُرْهُمْ بِإِعَادَةِ الصَّلَاةِ ».

Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ibn Azina, from Zurara and Fuzayl and Muhammad Bin Muslim,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘In aSalāt of the fear during a pursuit and the skirmishes, every person from them would be prayingSalāt by the gesturing, wherever he was facing; and even if there was the fencing, and the wrestling, and close contact of the fighting, for AmirAl-Momineen asws pr ayedSalāt on the night of Siffeen, and it is the night ofAl-Hareer (intense fighting), theirSalāts did not take place forAl-Zohr, andAl-Asr, andAl-Maghrib, andAl-Isha during the timing of eachSalāt, except for the exclamation of theTakbīr, and the exto llation of the Oneness, and the Glorification, and the Praise, and the supplication. So that was theirSalāt. Heasws did not order them with the repeating of theSalāt (making up for it)’.113

3. عَنْهُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ بَعْضَ أَصْحَابِنَا يَذْكُرُ أَنَّ أَقَلَّ مَا يُجْزِئُ فِي حَدِّ الْمُسَايَفَةِ مِنَ التَّكْبِيرِ‌ تَكْبِيرَتَانِ لِكُلِّ صَلَاةٍ إِلاَّ الْمَغْرِبَ: فَإِنَّ لَهَا ثَلَاثاً.

From him, from his father, from Abdullah BinAl-Mugheira who sa id,

‘I heard one of our companions mention that what would suffice during a time of the fencing, from the exclamations of theTakbīr, is two excla mations ofTakbīrs for each Salāt, except forAl-Maghrib, for it there are three’.114

4. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ: وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام فِي قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ:( فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُناحٌ أَنْ تَقْصُرُوا مِنَ الصَّلاةِ إِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَنْ يَفْتِنَكُمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا ) قَالَ: « فِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ تَنْقُصُ مِنْهُمَا وَاحِدَةٌ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, and Ahmad Bin Idrees and Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, altogether from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws regarding the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [4:101 there is no blame on you if you shorten the Prayer, if you fear that those who disbelieve will cause you distress, said: ‘In the twoRak’at (ofSalāt) , one would be reduced from these two’.115

5. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ صَلَاةِ الْقِتَالِ؟ فَقَالَ: « إِذَا الْتَقَوْا فَاقْتَتَلُوا، فَإِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ حِينَئِذٍ التَّكْبِيرُ، وَإِنْ كَانُوا وُقُوفاً لَا يَقْدِرُونَ عَلَى الْجَمَاعَةِ، فَالصَّلَاةُ إِيمَاءٌ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Usman Bin Isa, from Sama’at who said,

‘I asked himasws about theSalāt during the fighting, so heasws said: ‘When they meet and fight, so theSalāt during that is the exclamation of theTakbīr; and if they were paused, not be able upon the (enemy) group, so theSalāt is (in the form of) gestures’.116

6. مُحَمَّدٌ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ: أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنِ الْمُوَاقِفُ عَلى وُضُوءٍ، كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ وَلَايَقْدِرُ عَلَى النُّزُولِ؟ قَالَ: « يَتَيَمَّمُ مِنْ لِبْدِهِ أَوْ سَرْجِهِ أَوْ مَعْرَفَةِ دَابَّتِهِ: فَإِنَّ فِيهَا غُبَاراً، وَيُصَلِّي، وَيَجْعَلُ السُّجُودَ أَخْفَضَ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ، وَلَايَدُورُ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ، وَلكِنْ أَيْنَمَا دَارَتْ دَابَّتُهُ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ يَسْتَقْبِلُ الْقِبْلَةَ بِأَوَّلِ تَكْبِيرَةٍ حِينَ يَتَوَجَّهُ ».

Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from Zurara,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws , said, ‘I said to himasws , ‘What is yourasws view if there do not happen to be soldier covering the position does not happen to be upon an ablution. What should he do and he is not able upon the dismounting?’ Heasws said: ‘He can performTayammum from his pad, or his saddle, or the mane of his animal, for there would be dust therein; and he can praySalāt and make theSajdah to be lower than theRukū, and he would not turn towards theQiblah, but in whichever direction his animal turns, apart from that he should face theQiblah with the first exclamation ofTakbīr where he was attentive’.117

7. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنِ الْعَمْرَكِيِّ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ: عَنْ أَخِيهِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَلْقَى السَّبُعَ وَقَدْ حَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ، وَلَايَسْتَطِيعُ الْمَشْيَ مَخَافَةَ السَّبُعِ: فَإِنْ قَامَ يُصَلِّي، خَافَ فِي رُكُوعِهِ وَسُجُودِهِ السَّبُعَ، وَالسَّبُعُ أَمَامَهُ عَلى غَيْرِ الْقِبْلَةِ: فَإِنْ تَوَجَّهَ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ، خَافَ‌ أَنْ يَثِبَ عَلَيْهِ الْأَسَدُ، كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ؟ قَالَ: فَقَالَ: « يَسْتَقْبِلُ الْأَسَدَ وَيُصَلِّي، وَيُومِئُ بِرَأْسِهِ إِيمَاءً وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ وَإِنْ كَانَ الْأَسَدُ عَلى غَيْرِ الْقِبْلَةِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, fromAl-Amraky Bin Ali,

(It has been narrated) from Ali son of Ja’farasws , from his brotherasws AbuAl-Hassan asws , sai d, ‘I asked himasws about the man who faces the predatory wild animal and the time for theSalāt comes up, and he is not able upon the walking, fearing the predatory wild animal. So if he were to stand to PraySalāt, he would fear the lion in hisRukū and hisSajdah, and the lion is in front of him upon (a direction) other than theQiblah. So if he were to divert towards theQiblah, he fears that the lion would leap upon him. How should he deal with it?’ So heasws said: ‘He should face the lion, and he should praySalāt gesturing by his head with gestures, and he would be standing; and even if the lion was upon (a direction) other than theQiblah’ . 118

88 - بَابُ صَلَاةِ الْعِيدَيْنِ وَالْخُطْبَةِ فِيهِمَا‌

Chapter 88 – Salāt of the two Eids and the sermon in these two

1. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام : « لَيْسَ فِي يَوْمِ الْفِطْرِ وَالْأَضْحى أَذَانٌ وَلَا إِقَامَةٌ، أَذَانُهُمَا طُلُوعُ الشَّمْسِ، إِذَا طَلَعَتْ خَرَجُوا، وَلَيْسَ قَبْلَهُمَا وَلَابَعْدَهُمَا صَلَاةٌ، وَمَنْ لَمْ يُصَلِّ مَعَ إِمَامٍ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ، فَلَا صَلَاةَ لَهُ، وَلَاقَضَاءَ عَلَيْهِ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Bin Abu Umeyr, from Umar Bin Azina, from Zurara who said,

‘Abu Ja’farasws said: ‘In a day of (Eid) Al-Fitr and (Eid) Al-Azha, the re is neither anAzan nor an Iqamah. An Azaan of these two is the emergence of the sun. When it emerges, they should be going out, and there is neither aSalāt before these two or after them; and the one who does not praySalāt with a prayer leader in a Jam’at, so there is noSalāt for him, nor is there a fulfilment (of an outsanding one) upon him’.119

2. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ مَعْمَرِ بْنِ يَحْيى: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « لَا صَلَاةَ يَوْمَ الْفِطْرِ وَالْأَضْحى إِلاَّ مَعَ إِمَامٍ ».

Al-Husayn Bin Muha mmad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, fromAl-Washa, from Ham mad Bin Usman, from Ma’mar Bin Yahya,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws having said: ‘There is noSalāt on the day of (Eid) Al-Fitr and (Eid) Al-Az’ha, ex cept with a prayer leader’.120

3. عَلِيٌّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ صَلَاةِ الْعِيدَيْنِ؟ فَقَالَ: « رَكْعَتَانِ لَيْسَ قَبْلَهُمَا وَلَابَعْدَهُمَا شَيْ‌ءٌ، وَلَيْسَ فِيهِمَا أَذَانٌ وَلَا إِقَامَةٌ، يُكَبِّرُ فِيهِمَا اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ تَكْبِيرَةً يَبْدَأُ، فَيُكَبِّرُ وَيَفْتَتِحُ الصَّلَاةَ، ثُمَّ يَقْرَأُ فَاتِحَةَ الْكِتَابِ، ثُمَّ يَقْرَأُ( وَالشَّمْسِ وَضُحاها ) ثُمَّ يُكَبِّرُ خَمْسَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ، ثُمَّ يُكَبِّرُ وَيَرْكَعُ، فَيَكُونُ يَرْكَعُ بِالسَّابِعَةِ، ثُمَّ يَسْجُدُ سَجْدَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ يَقُومُ، فَيَقْرَأُ فَاتِحَةَ الْكِتَابِ، وَ( هَلْ أَتاكَ حَدِيثُ الْغاشِيَةِ ) ثُمَّ يُكَبِّرُ أَرْبَعَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ، وَيَسْجُدُ سَجْدَتَيْنِ، وَيَتَشَهَّدُ، وَيُسَلِّمُ ». قَالَ: « وَكَذلِكَ صَنَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم ، وَالْخُطْبَةُ بَعْدَ الصَّلَاةِ، وَإِنَّمَا أَحْدَثَ الْخُطْبَةَ قَبْلَ الصَّلَاةِ عُثْمَانُ، وَإِذَا خَطَبَ الْإِمَامُ، فَلْيَقْعُدْ بَيْنَ الْخُطْبَتَيْنِ قَلِيلاً، وَيَنْبَغِي لِلْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَلْبَسَ يَوْمَ الْعِيدَيْنِ بُرْداً، وَيَعْتَمَّ، شَاتِياً كَانَ أَوْ قَائِظاً، وَيَخْرُجَ‌ إِلَى الْبَرِّ حَيْثُ يَنْظُرُ إِلى آفَاقِ السَّمَاءِ، وَلَايُصَلِّىَ عَلى حَصِيرٍ، وَلَايَسْجُدَ عَلَيْهِ، وَقَدْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم يَخْرُجُ إِلَى الْبَقِيعِ، فَيُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from Muawiya who said,

‘I asked himasws aboutSalāt of the twoEids, so he asws s aid: ‘TwoRak’at. There is neither anything before these two nor after these two, and there is neither anAzan in these two nor an Iqamah. One should exclaimTakbīrs in these wit h twelveTakbīrs in the begin ning. So he would exclaimTakbīr and he would commence theSalāt.

Then he should recite the Opening of the Book (Chapter 1), then he should recite [91:1] I swear by the sun and its brilliance (Chapter 91). Then he should exclaim fiveTakbīrs, then one Ta kbīr andRukū, so that hisRukū would happen be with the seventh (Takbīr). Then he sho uld perform twoSajdahs . Then he should be standing so he would recite the Opening of the Book (Chapter 1), and [88:1] Has not there come to you the Hadeeth of the overwhelming? (Chapter 88). Then he should exclaim fourTakbīrs, and perform twoSajdahs , and he should saySalām’ .

Heasws said: ‘And Rasool-Allahsaww did it like that. And the sermon is after theSalāt. But rather, it was Usman who innovated it to be before theSalāt. And when the prayer leader addresses, so let him be seated for a little while in between the twoSajdahs ; and it is befitting for the prayer leader that he wears, on the day of the twoEids, a cloak, an d a Shatiyya or a Qaizan turban, and he should go out to the open ground (outdoors) where he can look at the horizons of the sky, and he should neither praySalāt upon straw (harvested ground) nor performSajdah upon it; and Rasool-Allahsaww had gone out toAl-Baqi’e, so he p rayed with the people (leading them)’.121

4. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ، عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ، عَنْ لَيْثٍ الْمُرادِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « قِيلَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم يَوْمَ فِطْرٍ أَوْ يَوْمَ أَضْحًى: لَوْ صَلَّيْتَ فِي مَسْجِدِكَ. فَقَالَ: إِنِّي لَأُحِبُّ أَنْ أَبْرُزَ إِلى آفَاقِ السَّمَاءِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Fazzal, fromAl-Mufazzal Bin Sa lih, from LaysAl-Murady,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said, ‘It was said to Rasool-Allahsaww on the day of (Eid) Al-Fitr or (Eid) Al-Az’ha, ‘I f only yousaww would praySalāt in yoursaww Masjid? ’ So hesaww said: ‘Isaww loved to come out to (look at) the horizons of the sky’.122

5. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام فِي صَلَاةِ الْعِيدَيْنِ، قَالَ: « يُكَبِّرُ، ثُمَّ يَقْرَأُ، ثُمَّ يُكَبِّرُ خَمْساً، وَيَقْنُتُ بَيْنَ كُلِّ تَكْبِيرَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ يُكَبِّرُ السَّابِعَةَ وَيَرْكَعُ بِهَا، ثُمَّ يَسْجُدُ، ثُمَّ يَقُومُ فِي الثَّانِيَةِ، فَيَقْرَأُ، ثُمَّ يُكَبِّرُ أَرْبَعاً، فَيَقْنُتُ بَيْنَ كُلِّ تَكْبِيرَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ يُكَبِّرُ وَيَرْكَعُ بِهَا ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws regarding theSalāt of the twoEids. He asws said : ‘He should exclaimTakbīr, then recite, then exclaim fiveTakbīrs, and he shou ld perform Qunut between every twoTakbīrs. Then he sho uld exclaim the seventhTakbīr and Rukū with it. Then he should performSajdah, then be standing regarding the second (Rak’at) . So he should recite, then exclaim fourTakbīrs, and perform Qunut in between every twoTakbīrs. Then he sho uld exclaimTakbīr and Rukū with it’.123

6. عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ، عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ: عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِعليهما‌السلام ، قَالَ: « نَهى رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم أَنْ يُخْرَجَ السِّلَاحُ فِي الْعِيدَيْنِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَدُوٌّ حَاضِرٌ ».

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, fromAl-Nowfaly, from A l-Sakuny,

(It has been narrated) from Ja’farasws , from hisasws fatherasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww forbade from taking out the weapon during the twoEids, except if t here happens to be an enemy present’.124

7. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ رِبْعِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « أُتِيَ أَبِي بِالْخُمْرَةِ يَوْمَ الْفِطْرِ، فَأَمَرَ بِرَدِّهَا، ثُمَّ قَالَ: هذَا يَوْمٌ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَنْظُرَ إِلى آفَاقِ السَّمَاءِ، وَيَضَعَ وَجْهَهُ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ ».

Muhammad Bin Ismail, fromAl-Fazl Bin ShAzaa n, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Rabi’e Bin Abdullah, formAl-Fazl Bin Yasaar ,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Iasws came over to myasws father with the ‘Khumra’ on the day of (Eid) Al-Fitr, but heasws instructed with returning it, then said: ‘This is a day which Rasool-Allahsaww used to love that hesaww looks at the horizons of the sky, and hesaww placed hissaww face upon the ground’.125

8. الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ، عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ‌ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « اجْتَمَعَ عِيدَانِ عَلى عَهْدِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ، فَخَطَبَ النَّاسَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: هذَا يَوْمٌ اجْتَمَعَ فِيهِ عِيدَانِ، فَمَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَجْمَعَ مَعَنَا فَلْيَفْعَلْ: وَمَنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ فَإِنَّ لَهُ رُخْصَةً، يَعْنِي مَنْ كَانَ مُتَنَحِّياً ».

Al-Husayn Bin Muha mmad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, fromAl-Washa, from Aba n Bin Usman, from Salma,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said, ‘TwoEids were gathere d upon the era of AmirAl-Momineen asws . S o heasws addressed the people, then said:

‘This is a day in which twoEids are gathered . So the one who loves that he should gather along with us, so let him do so, and the one who does not do so, so there is an allowance for him, meaning the one who was laid back’.126

9. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسى، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ فَاتَتْهُ رَكْعَةٌ مَعَ الْإِمَامِ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ أَيَّامَ التَّشْرِيقِ؟ قَالَ: « يُتِمُّ الصَّلَاةَ، وَيُكَبِّرُ ».

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, fromAl-A’ala Bin Razey n, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,

‘I asked himasws about a man who missed out on oneRak’at of aSalāt with the prayer leader on the days ofAl-Tashreek (11th, 12th & 13th Zil Hijja). Heasws said: ‘He should complete theSalāt, and he should exclaim aTakbīr’. 127

10. مُحَ مَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيى رَفَعَهُ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « السُّنَّةُ عَلى أَهْلِ الْأَمْصَارِ أَنْ يَبْرُزُوا مِنْ أَمْصَارِهِمْ‌ فِي الْعِيدَيْنِ إِلاَّ أَهْلَ مَكَّةَ: فَإِنَّهُمْ يُصَلُّونَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ ».

Muhammad Bin Yahya, raising it,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘The Sunnah upon the people of the city is that they should be going out from their cities during the twoEids, except for the people of Makkah, for they would be prayingSalāt in the SacredMasjid’ .128

11. مُحَمَّدٌ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ، عَنْ أَبَانٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ الْهَاشِمِيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِعليه‌السلام ، قَالَ: « رَكْعَتَانِ مِنَ السُّنَّةِ لَيْسَ تُصَلَّيَانِ فِي مَوْضِعٍ إِلاَّ بِالْمَدِينَةِ » قَالَ: « يُصَلِّي فِي مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم فِي الْعِيدِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ إِلَى الْمُصَلّى، لَيْسَ ذلِكَ إِلاَّ بِالْمَدِينَةِ: لِأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِصلى‌الله‌عليه‌وآله‌وسلم فَعَلَهُ ».

Muhammad, fromAl-Hassan Bin Ali Bin Abdullah, fromAl-Abbas Bin Aamir , from Aban, from Muhammad BinAl-Fazl Al-Hashimy ,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘TwoRak’at (of theSalāt) are from the Sunnah. These two are not prayed in any place except inAl-Medina. He woul d praySalāt in theMasjid of Rasool-Allahsaww during theEid, before he go es out to the praying place. That is nowhere except inAl-Medinca, becaus e Rasool-Allahsaww did so’.129