Alhassanain(p) Network for Heritage and Islamic Thought

Table of Contents

Dedication 1

At your service, O chief of the Noble ones! 2

Introductions 4

First Introduction 4

Second Introduction 10

Third Introduction 18

Notes 19

Offspring of Prophethood 21

Mother 21

Father 21

The first new-born 22

Dream of Ummul Fadl 22

The Blessed Birth 22

Grief and weeping of the Holy Prophet (S) 23

Year of Imam Husayn’s (‘a) birth 23

Birth ceremonies of Imam Husayn (‘a) 23

First: Azan and Iqamah 23

Second: Naming 24

Statements opposed to facts 24

Third: Aqiqa Ceremony 25

Fourth: Shaving of the head of Imam Husayn (‘a) 25

Fifth: Circumcision 25

Attention of the Prophet (S) towards Imam Husayn (‘a) 25

Amulet of the Holy Prophet (S) for Imams Hasan and Husayn (‘a) 26

Appearance of Imam Husayn (‘a) 26

Awe of Imam Husayn (‘a) 27

Titles of Imam Husayn (‘a) 28

Patronymic of Imam Husayn (‘a) 28

Inscription on the Ring stone of Imam Husayn (‘a) 28

Use of Perfume 28

Residence 28

Upbringing and Training 28

Heritage 29

Family 30

The Prophet’s Training 31

Imam Amirul Momineen’s (‘a) Training 31

Notes 34

Her Eminence, Fatima’s (‘a) Training to Imam Husayn (‘a) 37

Environment 37

In the Shade of Quran and Sunnah 38

Under the shade of Quran 39

Verse of Purification 39

Who are the “Ahlul Bayt” (People of the House)? 39

Exclusion of the Prophet’s wives in the verse of Purification 40

False Claims of Akrama and Maqatil 40

Akrama in Mizanul Etedal 41

Maqatil bin Sulaiman 41

Weak arguments of Akrama and Maqatil 42

The Proof of the Verse of Purification on Infallibility 43

The Verse of Love 44

Razi’s Opinion 45

Verse of Malediction 46

Verse of the Righteous 49

In the Shade of Sunnah 50

First Group 50

Second Group 54

Deep Love 57

Third Group 58

The Messenger of Allah (S) Prophesied the martyrdom of Imam Husayn (‘a) 60

Respect Accorded by Companions to Imam Husayn (‘a) 65

Examples of the Merits of Imam Husayn (‘a) 66

Imamate of Imam Husayn (‘a) 67

Notes 67

Characteristics of the Personality of Imam Husayn (‘a) 72

1. Firm Determination 72

2. Refusal to accept Injustice 72

3.Valor 75

4. Frankness 77

5. Firmness on the Path of Truth 78

6. Patience and Forbearance 78

7. Forbearance 79

8. Humility 80

9. Kindness and Affection 81

10. Charity 82

Notes 85

Worship and Piety of Imam Husayn (‘a) 86

A. Imam Husayn (‘a) and his fear of God 86

B. Excessive Prayer and fasting of Imam Husayn (‘a) 86

C. Hajj of Imam Husayn (‘a) 86

Charitable nature of Imam Husayn (‘a) 87

Notes 87

Intellectual Talents of Imam Husayn (‘a) 88

Referring to Imam Husayn (‘a) for religious Verdict 88

Gathering of Imam Husayn (‘a) 88

Narrators from Imam Husayn (‘a) 89

Traditions of Imam Husayn (‘a) from his grandfather 89

Reports of Imam Husayn (‘a) 90

Traditions of Imam Husayn (‘a) narrated from his mother Her Eminence Fatima (‘a) 92

Traditions of Imam Husayn (‘a) from his father, Ali (‘a) 92

About the astonishing inheritance of Imam Husayn (‘a) 94

Predestination 94

Self-sufficient 95

Monotheism 96

Enjoining Good 97

Types of Jihad (Holy War) 99

Legislation of fasting 100

Types of worship 100

Love for Ahlul Bayt (‘a) 100

Lofty Morals 100

Legislation of the Call of Prayer 102

Brothers 102

Knowledge and Experience 102

Meaning of Charity 102

Advice and Guidance 102

Notes 104

Sermons of Imam Husayn (‘a) 107

Notes 107

Supplications of Imam Husayn (‘a) 108

1. Supplication of Imam Husayn (‘a) for warding off the enemies 108

2. Supplication of Imam Husayn (‘a) for rain 108

3. Supplication of Imam Husayn (‘a) on the Day of Arafah 108

Some sayings of Imam Husayn (‘a) 117

Among the Poems 118

Notes 121

The Great Disaster in Islam 123

Sign of Passing away 123

Farewell Hajj 124

Gathering of Ghadeer Khumm 126

The Prophet’s Illness 128

Seeking Forgiveness of those Buried in Baqi Cemetery 129

Usamah’s Expedition 130

The Prophet Allows Retaliation 131

The Prophet gave his Personal wealth in Charity 133

Thursday Tragedy 133

The Great Grief of Her Eminence, Zahra (‘a) 135

The Prophet’s Heritage for his two grandsons 136

The Prophet’s Bequest regarding his Grandsons 136

The Prophet’s Sorrow for Husayn (‘a) 137

Towards Paradise 137

Funeral Ceremony of the Holy Prophet (S) 139

Funeral Prayer of the Holy Prophet (S) 139

The Prophet’s Burial 140

Difficulties of the Purified Progeny 140

Rule of the Two Shaykhs (Abu Bakr and Umar) 141

Saqifa gathering 145

Motives of Saqifah Meet 145

Political statement of Saad 147

Criticism against Saad 148

Weakness of Ansar 148

Jealousy and Enmity 149

Umar’s Planning 149

Some Important Points 150

Ansar Surprised 151

Abu Bakr’s Discourse 152

Research and Investigation 152

Allegiance of Abu Bakr 154

Celebration of Quraish 156

Role of Abu Sufyan 157

Defeat of Ansar 158

Reaction of Ahlul Bayt (‘a) 158

The Imam’s Refusal to Pay Allegiance 158

Forcing Imam Ali (‘a) for allegiance 159

Dreadful Steps 160

Economic Embargo 160

A.Abrogation of Khums 161

B.Confiscation of the Prophet’s Inheritance 161

Abu Bakr’s Argument and Justification 161

Lady Zahra’s Discourse to Abu Bakr 162

Arguments of Her Eminence, Zahra (s.a) 165

Confiscation of Fadak 165

Calamities of Her Eminence, Zahra (a.s) 166

Towards Paradise 168

Officials and Governors of Abu Bakr 171

An-Niza Wat-Takhasum 172

Economic Policies of Abu Bakr 172

Entrusting the Caliphate to Umar 173

Notes 176

Umar’s Reign 179

Economic Policy of Umar 179

Umar’s Critics 180

Umar’s Arguments 180

Umar’s Regret 181

Internal Policies of Umar 181

Freedom of Companions of the Prophet Restricted 183

Justification of Taha Husayn 183

Officials and Governors appointed by Umar 183

Supervision of Governors 184

Seclusion of Imam Ali (‘a) 186

Umar and His Eminence, Husayn (‘a) 187

His Eminence Husayn (‘a) and the Family of Umar 189

Assassination of Umar 189

Shura 192

Umar with the Members of Shura Committee 193

Procedure of Shura Committee 197

Warning to the Companions 198

The Imam’s Reaction 198

The Imam’s Acceptance 199

Problems of Shura 199

Mode of Selection 203

Notes 208

Uthman’s Reign 210

Aspects of Uthman’s Personality 211

Administrative System of Uthman 212

Officials and Governors of Uthman 213

1. Saeed Ibn Aas 213

2. Abdullah bin Aamir 216

3. Walid bin Uqbah 217

4. Abdullah Ibn Saad 221

5. Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan 222

Economic Policies of Uthman 222

Uthman’s Bestowals to the Umayyads 223

Uthman’s Generosity to Nobles 225

Allotment of Land to Feudal Lords 226

Appropriating Public Wealth for Personal Needs 227

Opposing Groups 227

Crushing the Opponents 228

1. Ammar bin Yasir 228

2. Abu Zar 230

Abu Zar’s Imprisonment in Syria 230

Abu Zar Imprisoned in Rabadha 232

Statements of His Eminence, Imam Amirul Momineen Ali (‘a) 233

Words of Imam Hasan (‘a) 234

Statements of Imam Husayn (‘a) 234

Ammar’s Discourse 234

3. Abdullah Ibn Masood 236

Revolution 237

Another Message to Frontier Military Officials 238

Delegations from Different provinces 238

A. Egyptian Delegation 238

B. Kufian Delegation 238

C. Basran Delegation 238

Memorandum of Egyptians to Uthman 239

Uthman Sought Imam’s Help 239

Uthman Breaks the Pledge 240

Uthman Seeks Muawiyah’s Help 241

Uthman Besieged 242

Day of the House 242

Attack on Uthman 243

Effects of Uthman’s Regime 244

Notes 246

Period of Imam Amirul Momineen Ali (‘a) 249

Disinclination and Silence of Imam (‘a) 249

Conference Of Armed Forces 249

Imam’s Acceptance 250

Allegiance 250

Sanitizing of Government Machinery 252

Nationalization of Embezzled wealth 252

Quraishites Panic 253

Afflictions of the Holy Imam (‘a) 253

Policies of the Holy Imam (‘a) 254

Economic Policy of Imam Ali (‘a) 254

Freedom 256

Political Freedom 257

1. Freedom of Expression 257

2. Freedom of Criticism 258

Universal Justice 258

National Integration 258

Training and Education 259

Governors and Officers of Imam Ali (‘a) 260

Supervision on Governors 261

Keeping away the Opportunists 262

Keeping away the Greedy Elements 262

Frankness and Truthfulness 263

With Imam Husayn (‘a) 264

Imam Ali’s Prophecies on the Martyrdom of Imam Husayn (‘a) 264

With the Nakiseen and Qasiteen 268

Nakiseen 269

Motive for Rebellion 269

Muawiyah and Defrauding of Zubair 270

Conference of Mecca 270

Resolutions of the conference 270

Equipping the Army with Plundered Items 271

Political Discourse of Ayesha 271

Ayesha and Umme Salma 271

Ayesha moves to Basra 272

Askar 273

Hawwab 273

In Basra 274

Conflict over Leading Prayers 276

Imam’s Messengers to Kufa 277

The Two Armies Come face to Face 278

Messengers of Conciliation 278

Calling by the Quran 278

General Battle 279

Zubair is Killed 279

Killing of Talha 281

Ayesha Leads the Army 281

Cutting off the camel’s legs 282

General Amnesty 283

Consequences of the Battle 283

Qasiteen (Rebels) 284

Sending of Jurair 285

Muawiyah and Amr Ibn Aas 286

Sending back of Jurair 287

Uthman’s Shirt 287

Muawiyah’s Mobilization of Army towards Siffeen 288

Imam comes out for the battle 288

Obtaining control over the Euphrates 289

Messengers of Armistice 289

The Battle 290

Restraining Hasan and Husayn (‘a) from the Battle 291

Ammar’s Martyrdom 291

Ibn Aas’ Ruse 293

Arbitration 296

Arbitration Document 296

The Imam’s Return to Kufa 297

With the Mariqeen 298

The Two Arbitrators hold a Meeting 299

Mutiny of the Mariqeen 302

Battle against Mariqeen 303

After effects of the Battle 305

Muawiyah’s victory 305

Dissipation of Imam’s army 305

Conquest of Egypt 306

Attacks 307

Attack on Iraq 307

Attack on Hijaz and Yemen 309

Chaos and Disorder of Khawarij 310

Supplication of the Imam (‘a) for himself 311

Demise of the Rightful Government 312

Conference of Mecca 314

Valueless Opinion 314

The Umayyad Plot 314

Imam’s Assassination 316

Towards the Eternal Abode 317

Effects of the Imam’s Government 318

Notes 319

Caliphate of His Eminence, Hasan (‘a) 323

1.Cruelty to the Imam 324

2.Associating Infidelity with Imam Hasan (‘a) 324

3.The Great Breach of Trust 324

4.Plundering Sources and Capital of Imam Hasan (‘a) 324

Treaty 324

Reaction of Imam Husayn (‘a) 325

Adi bin Hatim 325

Transformation of Caliphate 326

Notes 327

Muawiyah’s Rule 328

Muawiyah’s Fiscal Policy 329

Economic Deprivation 329

1.Yathrib 329

2. Iraq 330

3. Egypt 330

Prosperity in Syria 331

Muawiyah Employed wealth for strengthening his rule 331

Muawiyah’s great bestowals to his clansmen 331

Amr Aas sanctioned the Tax of Egypt 331

Largesse upon the supporters 332

Purchase of Faith 332

Deficiency of Central Treasury 332

Confiscating the properties of citizens 333

Agricultural Income 333

Plunder carried out by governors and Agents 334

Tax collection 334

Hoarding of Gold and Silver 334

Economic Progress Paralyzed 335

Muawiyah’s Justification 335

Policy of disintegration and favoritism 336

Oppression of Non-Arabs 336

Tribal Prejudice 337

Policy of intimidation and violence 338

Considering the poor people as despised 339

Policy of Deceit and Intrigue 339

Spread of opportunism 340

Insult and Unrestrained Behavior 341

Spread of Unrestrained behavior in Mecca and Medina 343

Considering religious values unimportant 343

Joining Ziyad with his lineage 344

Objection of Imam Husayn (‘a) 344

Muawiyah’s Animosity towards the Prophet 344

Transforming the realities of Islam 346

Muawiyah’s Behavior with Ahlul Bayt (‘a) 347

1. Control over Preachers 347

2. Using the centers of Education 347

3. Fabricating Traditions 347

Fabricated Traditions Regarding Imam Husayn (‘a) 349

Imprecation of Imam Amirul Momineen (‘a) 350

Concealing the Merits of Ahlul Bayt (‘a) 351

Preventing the Remembrance of Imam (‘a) 352

Behavior with Shias 353

Mass Killings 353

Notes 354

Eliminating Great Shia Thinkers 356

1. Hujr bin Adi 356

Protest of Imam Husayn (‘a) 356

2. Rushaid bin Hijri 357

3. Amr bin Hamaq al-Khuzai 357

Imam Husayn's Memo 358

4. Awfa bin Haseen 358

5. Hadhrami and his companions 358

Objection of Imam Husayn (‘a) 359

6. Juwayriyya Abadi 359

7. Saifi bin Faseel 359

8. Abdur Rahman Anzi 360

Intimidation of ladies 361

Demolishing Shias houses 361

Depriving Shias from Public Treasury 361

Testimonies of Shias not accepted 362

Banishment of Shias to Khorasan 362

Notes 362

Allegiance of Yazid 364

Birth of Yazid 364

Yazid’s Upbringing 364

Yazid’s characteristics 365

Yazid’s fondness for Hunting 365

Fondness for Monkeys 365

Habitual Alcoholism of Yazid 366

Yazid’s Cronies 367

Muawiyah’s advice to Yazid 367

Defense of Yazid by Muhammad Izzat Druze 367

Muawiyah accepted the wanton behavior of Yazid 368

Yazid’s Malice to the Holy Prophet (S) 368

Yazid’s Malice to Emigrants 369

Mughairah’s invitation for Yazid’s allegiance 370

Granting Immunity to Muawiyah 371

1. Ahmad Dahlan 371

2. Dr. Abdul Munim 372

3. Husayn Muhammad Yusuf 373

Opinion of Hasan Basri 373

Statement of Ibn Rushd 374

Muawiyah’s Motives 374

Diplomatic tricks for obtaining allegiance 374

1. Use of Poets 374

Doling out wealth to prominent persons 375

Correspondence with Governors 376

Delegations from Islamic countries 376

Conference of Islamic Delegations 376

Supporters of Allegiance 376

Speech of Ahnaf bin Qais 377

Failure of the Conference 377

Muawiyah’s Journey to Medina 378

A closed door meeting 378

Muawiyah’s Speech 378

Speech of Abdullah bin Abbas 378

Speech of Abdullah bin Ja’far 379

Speech of Abdullah bin Zubair 379

Statements of Abdullah bin Umar 380

Muawiyah’s Discourse 380

Consternation of Muslims 380

Opposition group 381

1. His Eminence, Imam Husayn (‘a) 381

Fiscal Deprivation 381

2. Abdur Rahman bin Abi Bakr 381

3. Abdullah bin Zubair 382

4. Mundhir bin Zubair 382

5. Abdur Rahman bin Saeed 382

6. Abis bin Saeed 382

7. Abdullah bin Hanzalah 382

Attitude of the Umayyad clan 382

1. Saeed bin Uthman 382

2. Marwan bin Hakam 383

3. Ziyad bin Abih 383

Seeds of dissent among the Umayyads 384

Postponing the Allegiance 384

Assassination of Muslim personages 384

1. Saad bin Abi Waqqas 385

2. Abdur Rahman bin Khalid 385

3. Abdur Rahman bin Abi Bakr 385

4. His Eminence, Imam Hasan (‘a) 385

Official Announcement for Allegiance 386

With the opponents in Medina 386

Statements of His Eminence, Imam Husayn (‘a) 386

Pressurizing the Opponents 388

Attitude of Imam Husayn (‘a) 389

Delegations of Islamic countries 389

Marwan’s Memorandum to Muawiyah 389

Muawiyah’s Reply 389

Marwan’s Opinion Regarding Exiling the Imam 389

Muawiyah’s Letter to Imam Husayn (‘a) 389

The Imam’s Reply 390

Muawiyah’s Anguish on Receiving the Imam’s Letter 392

Public Political Meeting 392

Judah’s Letter to the Imam 393

Imam’s Reply 393

Khudri’s Advice to the Imam (‘a) 394

Imam Husayn (‘a) takes over Government Funds 394

A Fabricated Tradition 395

His Eminence, Husayn (‘a) and Bani Umayyah 396

Muawiyah’s Death 397

Muawiyah’s Testaments 397

First Royal Address 400

Yazid speaks to Syrians 400

With the Opponents in Medina 401

Emphatic orders to Walid 401

Walid’s Consternation 403

Consulting Marwan 403

Marwan’s Advice 403

Explanation of Marwan’s attitude 404

Summons for Imam Husayn (‘a) 405

Imam Husayn (‘a) and Marwan 407

Walid contacts Damascus 408

Strict orders from Damascus 408

Non-acceptance of Walid 408

Farewell to the Prophet’s Tomb 408

Imam Husayn (‘a) sees his Grandfather in his Dream 409

Imam Husayn’s farewell to the Graves of his mother and brother 409

Fear of Bani Hashim Ladies 410

With his brother, Ibn Hanafiyah 410

Imam Husayn’s bequest to Ibn Hanafiyah 411

Notes 413

Imam Husayn’s Revolution: Activities and programs 416

Causes of the Revolution 416

1. Religious responsibility 416

2. Social Responsibility 419

3. Completion of Argument for Imam Husayn (‘a) 419

4. Defense of Islam 419

5. Protecting Islam 420

6. Freeing the Aspirations of the Nation 421

7. Freeing the National Economy 421

8. Social Injustice 422

9. Terrible Atrocities on Shias 423

10. Destroying the name of Ahlul Bayt (‘a) 423

11. Destruction of Islamic Values 424

A. Unity of Muslims 424

B. Equality 424

C. Freedom 424

12. Trampling of the society 424

13. Defending his own rights 425

14. Enjoining Good 426

15. Uprooting Innovations 427

16. Order of the Prophet 427

17. Respect and honor 428

18. Deceit and tyranny of Umayyads 428

Valueless Opinion 429

Charting out the Course of Revolution 430

1. Sacrificing his own life 430

2. Sacrificing his family Members 431

3. Sacrificing his property 431

4. Taking the ladies of his family with him 432

In Mecca 435

Imam Husayn (‘a) in Mecca 436

Attention of Hajj Pilgrims and Umrah visitors towards His Eminence, Husayn (‘a) 437

Consternation of Ibn Zubair 437

Ghazzali’s view 438

Notes 438

Cheap view 440

Anxiety of the local regime 440

Yazid’s Anxiety 440

Response of Ibn Abbas 441

Deposition of Governor of Medina 442

His Eminence, Husayn (‘a) with Ibn Umar and Ibn Abbas 443

Bequest of Imam Husayn (‘a) to Ibn Abbas 445

Letters of Imam Husayn (‘a) to Leaders of Basra 445

Reply of Ahnaf bin Qais 446

Evil Deeds of Mundhir bin Jarud 446

Positive Reply of Yazid bin Masud 446

Yazid bin Masud’s Reply to Imam (‘a) 448

Positive Reply of Yazid Basri 448

Opposition of Iraq to Umayyads 449

Announcement of Disobedience in Iraq 450

Public Conference 450

Sulaiman’s Speech 450

Delegation of Kufa 451

Letters 451

Muslim Delegated for Iraq 453

Muslim’s Letter to the Holy Imam (‘a) 455

Reply of His Eminence, Husayn (‘a) 455

Explanation of the Matter 455

In the House of Mukhtar 456

Celebrations in Kufa 456

Taking Allegiance for Imam Husayn (‘a) 457

Speech of Abbas Shakiri 457

Number of Pledge-makers 457

Letter of Muslim to Imam Husayn (‘a) 458

Reaction of Noman bin Bashir 458

Noman’s Speech 458

Anger of Umayyad Party 459

Contact of Umayyad Party with Damascus 459

Yazid’s Worry 460

Yazid takes Sarjun’s Counsel 460

Ibn Ziyad’s Rule in Kufa 460

Ibn Ziyad’s Speech in Basra 461

The Tyrant goes to Kufa 461

At the Governor’s Palace 462

Ibn Ziyad’s Speech in Kufa 463

Spread of Terror and Fear 463

Muslim Shifts to Hani’s House 463

Muslim Refrained from Killing Ibn Ziyad 464

Explanation of this Event 465

Horrible Plot 467

Spying upon Muslim 467

With the Organs of the Revolution 468

Bribing the leaders and elders 469

Refraining from Attacking Hani’s House 469

Messengers of Deceit 469

Amr bin Hajjaj 470

Hani’s Detention 470

Revolt of Madhij Tribe 472

Muslim’s Uprising 474

War of Nerves 475

Epidemic of Terror and Fear 476

Defeat of the army 476

As a Guest of Tawa 476

The Tyrant becomes certain of the Failure of the Uprising 478

Announcement of Emergency 478

Standard of security 479

A Doubt 479

Ibn Ziyad Speaks 479

Information Regarding Muslim’s whereabouts 480

Muslim Attacked 480

Soldiers Defeated 481

Ashath Guarantees Security 482

Muslim taken Prisoner 483

With Ubaidullah Sulami 483

With Bahili 484

In the Presence of Ibn Ziyad 485

Muslim’s Bequest 486

Muslim and the Oppressor 487

Towards God 487

Plundering Muslim 488

Hani is sentenced to Death 489

Dragging the corpses of Muslim and Hani through the streets 489

Hanging the Corpses at City Gate 490

Severed heads taken to Damascus 490

Yazid’s reply 491

Declaring Martial Law 491

Sealing Borders of Iraq 491

Widespread Arrests 492

Failure of the Uprising 492

Kufian Society 492

Social Phenomena 493

Contradictory Behavior 493

Disloyalty and Deceit 494

Rebellion against Governors 495

Cowardice 496

Bad Manners 497

Greed and Jealousy 498

Influenced by Rumors 498

Economic Life 498

Social Factors 500

Arabs 500

Yemeni Tribes 500

Adnani Tribes 500

Bani Bakr Tribes 501

Tribal Spirit 501

Persians 502

Syrians 503

Religious Groups 503

1. Islam 503

2. Christians 505

3. Jews 505

Military Organization 506

Seven-division System 506

Experts of Tribal Affairs 507

The Tyrant Ibn Marjana 507

Birth of Ibn Marjana 507

Parents 507

Upbringing of Ibn Marjana 508

Characteristics of Ibn Marjana 508

Bad Accent 508

Gluttony and Debauchery 509

Ibn Ziyad’s Rule in Basra 509

Yazid’s Dislike for Ibn Marjana 509

Plan for Coup d’etat 509

Muslim bin Aqil 510

Notes 510

Selection of Migration to Iraq 518

Abandoning Hijaz 520

Avoiding Egypt 521

Avoiding Yemen 521

Avoiding Iran 522

Avoiding Basra 522

Sympathizers and critics 523

Sympathizers 523

1. Masoor bin Mukhrama 523

2. Abdullah bin Ja’far 524

3. Abdullah bin Abbas 524

4. Abu Bakr Makhzumi 525

5. Abdullah bin Judah 526

6. Jabir bin Abdullah 526

7. Abdullah bin Muti 526

8. Amr bin Saeed 527

9. Muhammad bin Hanafiyah 527

10. Her Eminence, Umme Salma 528

11. Abdullah bin Zubair 528

Critics 529

1. Abdullah Ibn Umar 529

2. Saeed bin Musayyab 529

3. Abu Waqid Laithi 530

4. Abu Salma 530

5. Abu Saeed 530

6. Ammarah binte Abdur Rahman 530

Modern Critics 530

1. Shaykh Muhammad Hadhari 530

2. Muhammad Najjar 531

3. Muhammad Ghazzali 531

4. Ahmad Shibli 531

Notes 532

Towards Iraq 535

Imam’s letter to Bani Hashim 536

Bani Hashim People join the Imam 536

1. Safety of the Sanctuary 536

2. Fear of being Killed 537

3. Muslim’s Letter 537

Imam’s discourse in Mecca 537

Conclusion of Umrah 539

Departure before Hajj 539

With Ibn Zubair 540

Journey to Iraq 540

The regime pursues the Holy Imam 541

Connection of Damascus with Kufa 541

Attitude of Umayyads 542

1. Letter of Walid bin Utbah 542

Misunderstanding of Ibn Kathir 542

2. Ashdaq’s Letter 543

Confiscating Yazid’s wealth 543

Meeting with Farazdaq 543

Letter of the Imam to people of Kufa 544

With Abu Harra 546

With an Arab Shaykh 546

Worry of Her Eminence, Zainab (‘a) 546

With Zuhair bin Qain 547

The Tragic News of Muslim’s Martyrdom 548

News of Abdullah’s Martyrdom 549

Dream of Imam Husayn (‘a) 550

Encounter with Hurr 550

Imam’s sermon 551

Imam’s Discourse 552

Argument between His Eminence, Husayn (‘a) and Hurr 553

A Fabricated report 554

Error of Ibn Anba 554

Discourse of the Holy Imam (‘a) 554

Some people of Kufa join Imam (‘a) 556

With Tirmah 557

With Ubaidullah bin Hurr 558

With Amr bin Qais 559

Ibn Ziyad’s Letter to Hurr 560

Location of Tents 561

In Karbala 562

A man from Bani Asad waits for Imam (‘a) 564

The Imam’s letter to Ibn Hanafiyah 564

With Harthima bin Salmi 564

Anas bin Harith Joins Imam (‘a) 565

Ibn Ziyad’s letter to His Eminence, Husayn (‘a) 565

Deployment of the Kufan Army 565

Ibn Saad selected as Commander-in-chief 566

Prophecy of Allah’s Messenger regarding Ibn Saad’s end 566

Saad’s hatred for his son Umar 566

Harun Rashid Curses Umar Saad 566

Ajali considers Ibn Saad a reliable narrator 567

Habits and Nature of Ibn Saad 568

A. Surrender to Governor’s Rule 568

B. Severe Greed for Rulership 568

C. Decadence 569

D. Cowardice and Fearfulness 569

E. Doubt in Resurrection 569

Reasons for selection of Ibn Saad 569

Anxiety of Ibn Saad 570

Those who tried to stop Ibn Saad 570

March Past 570

Speech of Ibn Marjana 571

Samrah encouraged people to fight the Imam 571

Shabth bin Rabi feigned Illness 571

Public Mobilization 572

Strict Surveillance on Kufa 572

Flight of Soldiers 572

The Tyrant Ibn Ziyad in Nukhaila 573

Plan to kill Ibn Ziyad 573

Number of Umayyad Soldiers 573

Research on this topic 573

Military Commanders 574

Arming the soldiers 575

1. Archers 575

2. Foot soldiers 575

3. Armored soldiers 575

Number of Companions of His Eminence, Husayn (‘a) 575

Ibn Saad’s Messenger meets Imam (‘a) 576

Ibn Saad Meets the Imam 576

Ibn Saad’s letter to Ibn Ziyad 577

Ibn Saad’s Slander 577

Shimr Defeats Efforts of Peace 577

Ibn Ziyad Rejected Peaceful Negotiation 578

The Imam Meets Ibn Saad 579

Shimr offers Security to Brothers of His Eminence, Abbas 580

Embargo on Imam’s Entourage 580

Access to Euphrates cut off 580

Decadent Nature 581

1. Muhajir bin Aws 582

2. Amr bin Hajjaj 582

3. Abdullah bin Haseen 582

Objection to Ibn Saad 582

1. Yazid bin Haseen 582

2. Burair bin Khudhair 582

3. Hurr 583

Access to a Spring 583

Battle over water supply 583

Habib seeks help from his clan 584

With the two Encampments 584

Husayn’s Camp 585

Noble Aims 585

1. Defense of Islam 585

2. In defense of Imam Husayn (‘a) 585

3. Saving the community from oppression 586

4. Incomparable natures 587

A. Nobility and Self-respect 587

B. Valor and Steadfastness 587

Elements constituting the Imam’s Army 589

A. Bondsmen 589

B. Arabs 589

Umayyad Troops 589

1. Aimlessness 589

2. Confusion and Anxiety 590

3. Recklessness 591

Elements of the Army 591

1. Opportunists 591

2. Mercenaries 591

3. The Transmogrified 591

4. The Compelled Ones 591

5. Khawarij 592

Immortal Tragedy 592

Beginning of Hostilities 592

Battle delayed till the morning next 594

Imam (‘a) permitted his companions to go away 595

Reply of Ahlul Bayt of Imam Husayn (‘a) 595

Reply of Companions of Imam Husayn (‘a) 596

1. Muslim bin Ausaja 596

2. Saeed bin Abdullah 596

3. Zuhair bin Qain 596

The Imam exposes the Deception of Kufians 597

With Muhammad bin Bashir 597

Firaas Makhzoomi Flees 597

The Imam did not allow martyrdom for Sinful persons 598

The Imam (‘a) speaks about his death 598

Precautionary steps 599

Night of worship 600

Imam’s Companions Overjoyed 600

Shimr ridicules the Imam (‘a) 600

Imam Husayn’s Vision 601

Distress of Ladies of the Prophet’s Family 601

Imam applied Perfume and Anointed Himself 601

Day of Ashura 601

2. Muhammad bin Ashath 602

3. Abdullah bin Hawza 602

Both camps became fully prepared 603

Severe Objections 603

Imam’s Address 603

Zuhair’s Speech 606

Burair’s speech 607

Speech of Imam Husayn (‘a) 608

Hurr’s Response 610

Hurr’s speech to the soldiers 611

Thirty mounted fighters join Imam’s Army 612

The Battle 612

Martyrdom of the Companions 613

General Attack 613

Number of Imam’s Men who were martyred 613

Single Combat 613

Inconclusive Attack 614

Burair’s Imprecation contest with Yazid 615

Burair’s Martyrdom 615

Martyrdom of Amr Ansari 616

Umayyad Army refuses one to one fight 617

Attack of Amr bin Hajjaj 617

Martyrdom of Muslim bin Ausaja 617

Shimr’s Attack 618

Martyrdom of Abdullah Kalbi 618

Urwah Asks for Help 619

Opening of Another front 619

Shimr tries to burn to death the Ladies of Revelation 620

Objection of Hamid bin Muslim 620

Condemnation of Shabth bin Rabi 620

Noon prayer time arrives 621

Martyrdom of Habib 621

Hurr’s Martyrdom 622

Fulfilling the Duty of Prayer 623

Zuhair’s Martyrdom 624

Martyrdom of Nafe bin Hilal 624

Abis and Shauzab 625

Martyrdom of Abis Shakiri 626

Zahhak flees 627

Jaun’s Martyrdom 627

Martyrdom of Hanzalah Shabami 628

Martyrdom of Hajjaj 629

Martyrdom of Amr bin Junada 629

Martyrdom of Anas Kahili 629

Martyrdom of Abul Shasa 630

Martyrdom of Two Jabiris 630

Martyrdom of Two Ghiffaris 631

Martyrdom of Two Ansaris 631

Martyrdom of Anees 631

Martyrdom of Qurra Ghiffari 631

Martyrdom of Yahya Mazini 631

The Imam (‘a) and his companions 632

Martyrdom of Abdullah Yazani 632

Notes 632

The Imam (‘a) Besides the martyrs 641

Martyrdom of Suwaid 641

Martyrdom of the Purified Progeny (‘a) 641

Ali Akbar (‘a) 642

Martyrdom of Aqil’s family 645

Abdullah bin Muslim 645

Ja’far bin Aqil 646

Abdur Rahman bin Aqil 646

Muhammad bin Aqil 647

Abdullah Akbar 647

Muhammad bin Abi Saeed bin Aqil 647

Muhammad bin Muslim 647

Ali bin Aqil 647

Sons of His Eminence, Hasan (‘a) 647

Abdullah bin Hasan 647

Qasim bin Hasan (‘a) 647

Hasan, Son of Imam Hasan (‘a) 648

Abdullah bin Hasan (‘a) 649

Sons of Abdullah bin Ja’far 649

1. Aun bin Abdullah 649

2. Muhammad bin Abdullah 650

3. Ubaidullah bin Ja’far 650

Brothers of His Eminence, Husayn (‘a) 650

His Eminence, Abbas and his Brothers 650

Worthless statement 651

Martyrdom of Abdullah son of Amirul Momineen 651

Martyrdom of Ja’far 651

Martyrdom of Uthman 652

Martyrdom of His Eminence, Abbas (‘a) 652

Muhammad Asghar 656

Abu Bakr 656

Abbas Asghar 656

Martyrdom of the Great Imam (‘a) 656

The Imam Calls for Help 657

Martyrdom of the suckling infant 658

Steadfastness of the Holy Imam (‘a) 658

Attitude of those who were forced 659

Ibn Saad’s Fear 660

Imam (‘a) Reaches Water 660

Attack on the camp of Imam Husayn (‘a) 660

The Last Sermon of Imam Husayn (‘a) 661

Imam (‘a) asks for worn-out clothes 661

Imam Husayn’s (‘a) Farewell to his family 661

Imam (‘a) with Ibn Rubah 664

Imam’s Confidential Supplication 664

Attack on Imam Husayn (‘a) 665

Her Eminence, Zainab (‘a) comes out 665

Horrible Tragedy 666

The wicked killer 667

1. Sinan bin Anas 667

2. Shimr bin Zil Jaushan 667

3. Umar bin Saad 667

4. Khooli bin Yazid Asbahi 667

5. Shabl bin Yazid Asbahi 667

6. Haseen bin Numair 667

7. A man from Madhij 667

8. Muhajir bin Aws 668

Imam’s age at Martyrdom and the year of his martyrdom 668

Reddening of the sky 669

Imam Husayn's Horse 669

Burning of the Tents 669

Plundering the Imam’s body 670

Plundering the Noble Ladies of Prophethood 670

Imam Zainul Abideen (‘a) Attacked 671

Horses Trample on the body of the Great Imam (‘a) 671

Sinan Demands the Reward 672

Tribes divided the severed heads among themselves 673

Return of the Tyrant, Ibn Ziyad, to Kufa 673

Night of the 11th Mohurrum 674

Number of Martyrs of Ahlul Bayt (‘a) 674

The injured among the companions of Imam Husayn (‘a) 675

1. Suwaar bin Humair Jabiri 675

2. Amr bin Abdullah 676

3. Hasan bin Hasan 676

Those who were saved from death 676

1. Uqbah bin Samaan 676

2. Muraqqa bin Qumama 676

3. Muslim bin Rubah 676

4. His Eminence, Imam Zainul Abideen (‘a) 676

5. Hasan bin Hasan 676

6. Umar bin Hasan 676

7. Qasim bin Abdullah 676

8. Muhammad bin Aqil 676

9. Zain bin Hasan 676

Losses suffered by troops of Ibn Saad 677

Notes 677

Dream of Ibn Abbas 682

Dream of Umme Salma 682

Khooli Carries the severed Head of Imam Husayn (‘a) 683

The Tyrant and Killer of the Imam (‘a) 683

Ibn Ziyad takes revenge from the Severed Head of the Imam 684

Return of the Armed Forces 684

Distress of Imam Zainul Abideen (‘a) 685

Burial of the Purified Corpses 686

Excellence of the Ziarat of Imam Husayn (‘a) 688

Supplication of Imam Sadiq for visitors of Imam Husayn (‘a) 688

Prisoners from Ahlul Bayt (‘a) in Kufa 689

Sermon of Her Eminence, Zainab (‘a) 690

Reaction to the Sermon of Her Eminence, Zainab (‘a) 692

Speech of Her Eminence, Fatima, daughter of Imam Husayn (‘a) 692

Reaction to the speech of Her Eminence, Fatima (‘a) 694

Sermon of Her Eminence, Umme Kulthum 694

Sermon of Imam Zainul Abideen (‘a) 695

In the Assembly of Ibn Ziyad 695

The Tyrant Ibn Ziyad with the Respected Lady of revelation 696

The Tyrant’s Encounter with Zainul Abideen (‘a) 697

Ibn Afif Revolts 698

Amnesty for Ibn Mauqal 700

Arrest of Jundab 700

Ibn Ziyad with Qais 701

Hacking up the Blessed head of Imam Husayn (‘a) 701

Imam Husayn’s Head taken around the Town 701

Imprisonment of the Ladies of Revelation 701

Abduction of His Eminence, Ali bin al-Husayn (‘a) 702

Ibn Saad’s Regret 702

Ibn Ziyad asks Ibn Saad for the Letter 702

Ibn Ziyad condemned 703

1. Marjana 703

2. Uthman bin Ziyad 703

3. Mauqil bin Yasar 704

Objection on Ibn Saad 704

Widespread Discontent 704

Regret of People of Kufa 705

1. Baraa bin Azib 705

2. Musayyab bin Najba 705

3. Sulaiman bin Surd 706

4. Ubaidullah bin Hurr 706

Notes 707

Migration from Kufa 709

Prisoners from the Family of the Prophet in Damascus 709

Departure of the Heads 709

Departure of the Prophet’s Family 709

People of Kufa see off the Prisoners 709

Celebrations of Syria 710

The Syrian with Imam Zainul Abideen (‘a) 711

Yazid’s Delight 712

The Imam’s head in the Presence of Yazid 712

Imam’s head taken to the Mosque 713

Imam’s head in the Presence of Yazid’s womenfolk 713

Hostages in Yazid’s Court 713

Sermon of Her Eminence, Zainab (‘a) 714

Main Points of the Discourse of Her Eminence, Zainab (‘a) 717

Yazid’s Reply 718

Reaction to the Sermon of Her Eminence, Zainab (‘a) 718

Sermon of Imam Zainul Abideen (‘a) 719

Reaction of the Sermon of Imam Sajjad (‘a) 721

The Syrian and Fatima 721

Imam Sajjad (‘a) and Minhal 723

Mourning for His Eminence, Husayn (‘a) 723

Ibn Marjana Rewarded 723

Regret of the Oppressor, Yazid 724

Critics and Censurers 725

1. Roman Ambassador 725

2. A Jew scholar 725

3. Caesar, King of Rome 725

4. Raas al-Jaloot 725

5. Wathila bin Asqa 726

6. Ibn Abbas 726

7. Ibn Zubair 727

8. Abu Barza 727

9. Umayyad clan 727

10. Yazid’s son, Muawiyah 728

Idle talk and Nonsense 728

1. Ibn Taimiyyah 729

2. Ghazzali 729

3. Ibn Arabi 729

4. Ibn Hajar 730

5. Anis Zakaria 730

6. Dr. Najjar 730

7. Muhammad Izzat Duruza 730

Dr. Taha Husayn’s view 731

Statement of Taftazani 731

Yafai’s view 732

Opinion of Ahmad bin Hanbal 732

Statement of Motazid Abbasi 732

Notes 733

Towards Medina 736

Yazid’s Apology to Imam Zainul Abideen (‘a) 736

Ahlul Bayt (‘a) Presented Compensations 736

Reply of Her Eminence, Umme Kulthum 736

Request of Imam Zainul Abideen (‘a) 737

Journey to Medina 737

News of Ahlul Bayt’s Return to Medina Arrives 737

Ashdaq’s Speech 738

Hashemites Devastated 738

Mourning of Abdullah bin Ja’far 739

Ibn Abbas observes Mourning 739

Masoor and Ibn Zubair 740

Head of Imam Husayn (‘a) in Medina 740

Return of the Hostages to Karbala 741

To Medina 741

Bashir conveys the news of the Martyrdom of Imam Husayn (‘a) 741

His bleeding body was left in Karbala 741

Discourse of Imam Zainul Abideen (‘a) 742

Rewarding the Escorts 743

Grief of Imam Zainul Abideen (‘a) 743

Hashemites Observe Mourning 744

Grief of Her Eminence, Zainab (‘a) 744

Mourning of Rabab 744

Sorrows of Ummul Baneen 745

Fate of the blessed head of Imam Husayn (‘a) 745

1. In Karbala 745

2. In Baqi 746

3. In Najaf 746

4. In Damascus 746

5. In Iran 747

6. In Egypt 747

Notes 747

Effects of Imam Husayn’s Revolution 749

Victory of Islam 749

Defeat of the Umayyads 750

A. Their separation from Religious Authority 750

B. Their widespread Condemnation 750

C. Transfer of Caliphate from Umayyads 751

Bringing out the True Status of Ahlul Bayt 751

Centralizing the Shiite Faith 751

Uniting the Shia People 752

Creating Social Awareness 752

Blooming of Talents 752

Pulpits of Exhortation and Guidance 754

Continuation of Revolution 754

1. Uprising of Abdullah bin Afif 754

2. Uprising of Medina 754

3. Uprising of the Penitents (Tawabbeen) 755

Resolutions of the Conference 756

Announcing of Revolt 756

In Karbala 756

At Ainul Wurda 757

4. Uprising of Mukhtar 757

Anguish of the Killers 758

Widespread Destruction 758

The Revolution Continues 759

Notes 760

Bibliography 761