Alhassanain(p) Network for Heritage and Islamic Thought

Alhassanain (p) Network for Islamic Heritage and Thought

Wahabism And Monotheism

Author: Ali Al-Kurani Al-Amili

www.alhassanain.org/english

IN THE NAME OF ALLAH

Table of Contents

Introduction Of The Second Edition 6

GRACE OF BROAD­MINDEDNESS 6

GRACE OF BROAD­MINDEDNESS FOR OUR BROTHERS 6

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY 7

Chapter: 1 Question Of God' Seeableness In Abstract 9

ADVENT OF NARRATIVES OF GOD'S SEEABLENESS AND CORPORALISM 9

SIGNIFICANCE AND SOURCE OF FORGING LIES AGAINST ALLAH 13

Al-­ALBANI DISDAINS DENIAL OF ALLAH'S SEEABLENESS ADOPTED BY THE PROPHET'S COMPANIONS 15

THEY DENOUNCED AND MISTREATED AISHA THEIR MOTHER 16

Chapter: 2 Trends Towards Verses And Hadiths Of Divine Attributes 21

SCHOOL OF INTERPRETATION 21

EYAD THE JUDGE ASSERTS THE MUSLIMS' UNANIMITY ON INTERPRETATION 22

IBN KHUZEIMA INTERPRETS THE HADITH "GOD CREATED ADAM ON HIS LOOK." 23

SAMPLES OF AN­NAWAWI'S INTERPRETATION 25

MODELS OF INTERPRETATION OF Al-­QASTALANI 27

MODELS OF RASHID RIDA'S UNRESPONSIVE INTERPRETATION 30

SCHOOL OF COMMENDATION AND FORBIDDING INTERPRETATION 32

INDICATIONS OF THE COMMENDERS' TEXTS 34

Juriscounsult Of Al-­Azhar Reckons The Commenders With The Interpreters 35

REASON BEYOND FORBIDDING EXEGESIS AND INTERPRETATION 35

SCHOOL OF CORPORALISM 36

FIRST EMERGENCE OF CORPORALISM 37

CORPORALISM OF KABUL­AHBAR BECAME AN ISLAMIC TREND 41

Chapter: 3 Hanbalites And Corporalism Ground Of Corporalism Relies On Expressions 44

Chapter: 4 Ibn Teimiya The Reviver Of Corporalism Of Hanbalites 46

COMPONENTS OF IBN TEIMIYA'S SCHOOL 49

Chapter: 5 At­Thehbi Is Ibn Teimiya's Inheritor 52

CORPORALISTS ARE HEIRS OF EXTRINSICISM 58

Chapter : 6 The God Of The Wahabists 60

PRINCIPAL OF CIRCUMSPECTION IN WAHABISTS' CORPORALISM 70

SAVING HIS FACE WAHABISTS' GOD ENCOUNTERS EXTINCTION 72

AN OLD CORPORALIST AIMS AT SOLVING THE VERSE PERPLEXITY 77

THE OTHER SUNNIS' EXEGESIS OF THE VERSE 79

EXEGESIS OF THE VERSE CITED BY SCHOLARS OF AHLUL­BEIT SECT 81

WAHABISTS' TEXTS OF CORPORALISM 84

WAHABISTS BETOOK MALIK AS THEIR CEILING AND ASCRIBED THEIR FAITH TO HIM 88

THEY CLAIMED THEIR GOD'S ENJOYING A HUMAN'S LOOK WITH HIS FULL ORGANS 94

THEIR GOD IS CAPABLE OF RUNNING AND TROTTING 95

WAHABISTS' GOD HAS A PHYSICAL LEG 95

THEY ARE PERPLEXED WHETHER THEIR GOD HAS A PHYSICAL EAR OR HE IS EARLESS! 96

INFLUENCE OF WAHABISTS' CORPORALISM ON CHILDREN OF MUSLIMS 96

THEY WONDER WHETHER THE THRONE IS GLOBULAR OR FLAT 97

THEY CLAIM THEIR GOD'S BEING A PHYSICAL ENTITY ENCLOSED BY THE THRONE 97

ANIMALS ARE BEARERS OF THEIR GOD'S THRONE 98

Chapter: 7 Scholars' Rebuttals On The Wahabists' Corporalism Al-­Hafiz Ibn Hajar 102

Al­HAFIZ IBNUL­JAWZI 103

AS­-SIBKI AND Al--HALABI 103

AZ­ZAHAWI; AN IRAQI SCHOLAR 104

ABU ZUHRA IN TARIKHUL METHAHIBIL ISLAMIYA 108

Al-­BISHRI AND Al-­QAZAI 111

Al­KAWTHARI REFUTES CORPORALISTS AND THEIR FALSE ACCREDITATION TO MASTERS OF THE ISLAMIC SECTS 119

Chapter: 8 Theses Of Philosophers And Theologists Regarding Denial Of God's Corporeity And Locality 121

Al-­FAKHR AR­RAZI'S THESIS OF DENIAL OF ALLAH'S CORPOREALITY 122

Al-­JIRJANI'S THESIS OF DENYING GOD'S OCCUPANCY 127

Chapter: 9 The Corporalists are Set Free. Shias are Under Arrest 130

BOOKS OF ISLAMIC SECTS FORGE LIES AGAINST SHIAS AND COVER UP CORPORALISTS 130

EXAMPLES ON COVERING UP CORPORALISTS IN THESE BOOKS 131

ENSAMPLES ON CONFUSION AND FALSE IMPUTATION OF BOOKS OF ISLAMIC SECTS 132

DIVIDING SHIAS INTO FICTITIOUS GROUPS 134

Al-­FAKHR AR-­RAZI REFUTES CLAIMS IN BOOKS OF ISLAMIC SECTS 136

SHEIK Al-­GHEZZALI ANALYZES THEIR MOTIVES OF FABRICATION 136

JURISCOUNSULT OF Al-­AZHAR REFUTES THEM ACCEPTABLY 137

AS­SUYOUTI REFUTES THEM ACCEPTABLY 137

Chapter: 10 Scandal Of Dr. Al-Qifari In His "Aaidu Shia" 139

Chapter: 11 Husham Bin Al-­Hakam The Genius 152

HUSHAM'S ARGUMENTATION AGAINST A MAGIAN BELIEVING IN GOD OF LIGHT AND GOD OF GLOOM 154

SOME OF THE DEBATE OF IMAM AS-­SADIQ RELATED BY HIS DISCIPLE HUSHAM BIN Al-­HAKAM 158

HUSHAM'S ARGUMENTATION AGAINST AMR BIN UBEID 162

References 165

Introduction Of The Second Edition

In The Name Of Allah The Beneficent The Merciful Praised Be Allah Lord of Worlds.

Perfect Blessings And Thorough Peace Be Upon Mohammed Our

Master And Prophet And His Immaculate Infallible Progeny.

GRACE OF BROAD­MINDEDNESS

One of the most remarkable graces of Allah the Elevated to mankind is broad­mindedness and tolerance especially before those who carry different opinion belief and faith and capability of listening understanding and consenting to their wrong estimation harm and injustice.

This grace to great extent is sparse. Seemingly Shias are more broad­minded than others. They may suitably sustain being dissented in opinion and faith and even persecuted.

This is by reason that Shias were brought up by beliefs of their sect and principals of broad­mindedness and readiness to suffer persecution. A Shiite is loyal to the Prophet's household who represented values and idealities of Islam and went on standing injustice till the advent of their Expected Al-­Mahdi (peace be upon him.)

Shias have fully learnt that a garment against misfortunes should be taken by all of those who claim cherishing the Prophet's household. They also have learnt that this affair is arduous and intolerable.

For Shias this question is as extensive as this world with its divine formula and expectation. They conceive others cannot easily perceive their beliefs and opinions although they are ideologically gentle and indecently easy for the accompanying psychological difficulty.

Due to such instructions a Shitte is seen seek apology for his dissenters and unjust since he intends to share them in peaceful life and draws excuses of wronging.

Shias however coincided harm and wrong so naturally that they betook them as garment and those did wrong to them were surprised of such a turning the other cheek.

GRACE OF BROAD­MINDEDNESS FOR OUR BROTHERS

Shias' rivals enjoyed distinct levels of broad­mindedness. Wahabists apparently are the most narrow-­minded. They are the new unjust occupants of the Islamic house who accused us of polytheism communism and Jewism.

Days turned. They determined that the West and Israel had been bearing malice against us greater than that born against them. Nevertheless this made no changes!

Days turned over and over. They perceived that we had suspended conflicts against any of this nation's groups and took the charge of conflicting Israel alone. This made no changes too.

The whole world was surprised by the counterattack and resistance showed by Shias' sons in South Lebanon. The Arab and Muslims took pride in that struggle. Nevertheless Wahabists our brothers disliked so. They did not ascribe martyrdom to the killed since they reckoned them with polytheists whose works and fighting are not purposed for sake of Allah. They could see an eighteen year old young who was brought up on god­fearing and abstained from mundane cupidity confining himself to faith mosques Quran enthusiasm to God and obtaining martyrdom for His sake. They saw such a young push himself courageously in fortresses of the Jews carrying his soul on the palm and raising his voice with 'Allahu Akbar' with ultimate perseverance and hard strike. They saw him spatter his limbs as an offering to God the Exalted demolishing legend of fear carried by Muslims' hearts and leaving his will of urging on jihad for sake of Allah. All this does neither act upon nor rouse Wahabists' sense.

Uninfluenced by any Shiite phenomenon Wahabists are only influenced by describing whomever dissent their conceptions as atheists and polytheists.

More than five hundred books and booklets were publicized by Wahabists against Shias in a period of few years. A great deal of fierce verdicts impolite utterances and scanty knowledge was covering these books.

Hitherto they cannot endure a single positively critical study relating their ideology of faith and monotheism.

We expect their scholars to enjoy broad­mindedness as much as that enjoyed by scholars of western universities some of whom find an exultation in

ideological criticism or even that enjoyed by scholars of the worthy ancestors who were listening to sayings for opting for the most appropriate. Those were guided by Allah and those are the mindful.

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

As a matter of fact this study was not my intendment. While I was sinking in another survey I could maintain that Wahabists' complex of Verses and hadiths* of the divine attributes is in need for rudimental cognition. I was highly shocked as I referred to their books. Immediately I said to myself: Had Wahabists our brothers had knowledge of reality of monotheism provided by their scholars who settle on their shoulders the mission of leading Muslims to such a conception they would have retracted and started a new inceptive in structuring their belief in Allah the Exalted. They would likewise have decreased their reviling at us.

Had an educated Wahabist known that his supreme jurisconsult Abdul­Azeez Bin Baz state that "Allah the Elevated is a material corporeality existing in a form of a human being in a certain place in this universe having a face hand leg limbs and organs and that His Throne is carried by animals." Had the well­taught Wahabist known that his scholars claimed "This (god) shall totally terminate except His face. This fact is evidenced by His saying (Every thing is perishable but His face).'" They also assert "Scholars of Wahabism are obligatorily asked to hide Allah's materiality from ordinary Muslims and rest upon 'principal of circumspection' in this regard since within Islamic beliefs there are those peculiar to the first class scholars. Allah's materiality is dedicate to this class."

Had educated Wahabists experienced such a scholastic impotence and his scholars' contrast in hypotheses respecting monotheism they would have been enormously overwhelmed to the degree that they might have restructed conceptions regarding Allah the Elevated. Besides they would have found excuses to majority of Muslims who showed abandonment from Wahabism.

This study is rendered for proving this matter. We hope Wahabists our brothers would be attracted to understand that their problem of monotheism is the greatest among the miscellaneous problems of Muslims. They however may be engaged in finding resolution for this problem so that they will alleviate their denunciation at us especially in season of ritual pilgrimage. Owing to verdicts of atheism and polytheism addressed at followers of other sects by Wahabists who pushed themselves with no hesitation towards humiliating pilgrims of God's Holy House and visitators of tombs of the Prophet and his household Muslims regarded their mental hardship before physical and fiscal ones during such seasons.

Volunteers for serving the Beneficent's guests became numerous especially during the last few years. They distributed their prizes of mistreatments unjust verdicts and ill tones equally on pilgrims of the various countries and nationalities of this world. Hence each pilgrim returns home carrying a sort of that rudeness in mind. Pilgrims' faults were not more than seeking God's courtesies by visitating tombs of the Prophet or one of God's favorite disciples.

Wahabists our brothers should understand that questions of practical polytheism are totally falling a single step behind question of hypothetical belief. A Muslim should in the first place improve beliefs and conceptions regarding the Lord so that he would be able of possessing criterion of measuring the others' hypothetical and practical monotheism. Secondly Muslims should discern the major middle and minor polytheism.

In case a Muslim is living in problems touching the origin of believing in Allah the Exalted he should decipher such problems and restruct his own house before if permissible he provides personal inference before other Muslims. Inference should be rendered by following good wills positive dialect and impressive words.

Ali Al-­Kurani Al­-Amili

Safar,14,1419.