The Purified Members of Ahlul Bayt (Part I)
Abu Huraira narrated: The Prophet (PBUH) looked toward Ali, Hasan, Husain, and Fatimah (AS), and then said: “I am in war with those who will fight you, and in peace with those who are peaceful to you.”
References:
*- Sunan al-Tirmidhi, v5, p699
*- Sunan Ibn Majah, v1, p52
*- Fadha'il al-Sahaba, by Ahmad Ibn Hanbal, v2, p767, Tradition #1350
*- al-Mustadrak, by al-Hakim, v3, p149
*- Majma' al-Zawa'id, by al-Haythami, v9, p169
*- al-Kabir, by al-Tabarani, v3, p30, also in al-Awsat
*- Jami' al-Saghir, by al-Ibani, v2, p17
*- Tarikh, by al-Khateeb al-Baghdadi, v7, p137
*- Sawaiq al-Muhriqah, by Ibn Hajar al-Haythami, p144
*- Dhakha'ir al-Uqba, by al-Muhib al-Tabari, p25
*- Mishkat al-Masabih, by Khatib al-Tabrizi, English Version, Tradition #6145
The above hadith and many other striking ones shine a light on the unique virtues and the importance of the progeny of the prophet to our guidance. Most of these hadiths, authenticated by Sunni and Shia'a scholars, are not known to the majority of the Muslims, although they are inscribed in most of the publicly available hadith and history books.
You will learn that, in order to follow the teachings of the prophet and not go astray, Muslims must hold fast, not only to the Quran, but also to Ahlul Bayt (the purified progeny of the prophet). Here is what Abu Bakr, the first caliph said about the progeny of the prophet: Narrated 'Aisha: ...Abu Bakr then spoke saying, “By Allah in Whose Hands my life is. I love to do good to the relatives of Allah's Apostle rather than to my own relatives” Abu Bakr added: Look at Muhammad through his family (i.e. if you are no good to his family you are not good to him)
.... فَتَكَلَّمَ أَبُو بَكرٍ فَقَالَ وَالَّذِي نَفسِي بِيَدِهِ لَقَرَابَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ أَن أَصِلَ مِن قَرَابَتِي
أَخبَرَنِي عَبدُ اللَّهِ بنُ عَبدِ الوَهَّابِ حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدٌ حَدَّثَنَا شُعبَةُ عَن وَاقِدٍ قَالَ سَمِعتُ أَبِي يُحَدِّثُ عَن ابنِ عُمَرَ عَن أَبِي بَكرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنهُم قَالَ ارقُبُوا مُحَمَّدًا صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي أَهلِ بَيتِهِ
References:
*- Sahih Bukhari, Volume 5, Book 57, 60 - Companions of the Prophet; Page 782, #3711, #3712, #3713 (Arabic version)
Narrated Ibn 'Umar: Abu Bakr used to say, “Please Muhammad (i.e. the Prophet) by doing good to his family.
حَدَّثَنِي يَحيَى بنُ مَعِينٍ وَصَدَقَةُ قَالَا أَخبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بنُ جَعفَرٍ عَن شُعبَةَ عَن وَاقِدِ بنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَن أَبِيهِ عَن ابنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنهُمَا قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو بَكرٍ ارقُبُوا مُحَمَّدًا صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي أَهلِ بَيتِهِ
References:
*- Sahih Bukhari, Volume 5, Book 57, 94 - Companions of the Prophet; Page 787, 3751 (Arabic version) You can perform a search al-Muhaddith to find all the narrations listed in this section. Content:
The purity of Ahlul Bayt and its members (hadith al-kisaa')
The verse of purity There is a misunderstanding on who the members of Ahlul Bayt are. Some say they are Fatimah al-Zahra, Ali, and their two sons, al-Hassan and al-Hussein, the wives of the prophet and the prophet himself. Others say the members are only Fatimah al-Zahra, Ali, al-Hassan, al-Hussein and the prophet. Some narrations add to the previous list nine devinely appointed Imams (acknowledged by the Twelvers Shiaa), who are part of the descendants of al-Hussein. There is also a group of muslims that believe that the wives are the only members of Ahlul Bayt, including the prophet, of course.
One fact that is accepted by all muslims is that the members of Ahlul Bayt are devinely purified a perfect purification and are to be loved and blessed by order from Allah and His Prophet Muhammad (s).
The purpose of this section is to show that the true members of Ahlul Bayt are Fatimah al-Zahra, Ali, and their two sons, al-Hassan, al-Hussein and the prophet, in addition to some of the descendants of al-Hussein that lead to the awaited, Muhammad al-Mahdi. Moreover, this section will clarify why the members of Ahlul Bayt have an incomparable position in terms of piety and closeness to Allah, compared to any other individual. Quran 33:32-33
O wives of the Prophet! you are not like any other of the women; If you will be on your guard, then be not soft in (your) speech, lest he in whose heart is a disease yearn; and speak a good word. And stay in your houses and do not display your finery like the displaying of the ignorance of yore; and keep up prayer, and pay the poor-rate, and obey Allah and His Messenger. Allah only desires to keep away the uncleanness from you, O people of the House! and to purify you a (thorough) purifying.
يَا نِسَاء النَّبِيِّ لَستُنَّ كَأَحَدٍ مِّنَ النِّسَاء إِنِ اتَّقَيتُنَّ فَلَا تَخضَعنَ بِالقَولِ فَيَطمَعَ الَّذِي فِي قَلبِهِ مَرَضٌ وَقُلنَ قَولًا مَّعرُوفًا - وَقَرنَ فِي بُيُوتِكُنَّ وَلَا تَبَرَّجنَ تَبَرُّجَ الجَاهِلِيَّةِ الأُولَى وَأَقِمنَ الصَّلَاةَ وَآتِينَ الزَّكَاةَ وَأَطِعنَ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذهِبَ عَنكُمُ الرِّجسَ أَهلَ البَيتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُم تَطهِيرًا
Read more on the interpretation of this verse...
In the beginning, Allah (swt) was addressing the wives of the prophet (shown by verse 32). He warned them not to be like other women. He ordered them to stay in their houses, not to display themselves like in the time of ignorance, to keep up prayer and give charity. In the last part of the verse 33, He clearly states that He “only desires to keep away the uncleanness from you, O people of the House! (ahlul bayt) and to purify you a (thorough) purifying”.
A thorough purification (in all its forms) and the removal of the uncleaness means protection from the acts of Satan such as lying, disobeying Allah, making mistakes, commiting sins, turning away from religion, among many others. It means protection from satan. There is a desagreement among the scholars on who Allah is addressing in the last part of the verse. In other words, who are the members of Ahlul Bayt? I will present to you authentic narrations that will show you that the Ahlul Bayt do not include the wives of the prophet. In the general term of course, the wives are members of his household. However, in the specific term, the Ahlul Bayt include only those individuals Allah has purified a perfect purification and they are the prophet himself, Ali, Fatimah, al-Hassan and al-Hussein.
'A'isha reported that Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) went out one morning wearing a striped cloak of the black camel's hair that there came Hasan b. 'Ali. He wrapped him under it, then came Husain and he wrapped him under it along with the other one (Hasan). Then came Fatima and he took her under it, then came 'Ali and he also took him under it and then said: Allah only desires to take away any uncleanliness from you, O people of the household, and purify you (thorough purifying)
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكرِ بنُ أَبِي شَيبَةَ وَمُحَمَّدُ بنُ عَبدِ اللَّهِ بنِ نُمَيرٍ وَاللَّفظُ لِأَبِي بَكرٍ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بنُ بِشرٍ عَن زَكَرِيَّاءَ عَن مُصعَبِ بنِ شَيبَةَ عَن صَفِيَّةَ بِنتِ شَيبَةَ قَالَت قَالَت عَائِشَةُ خَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيهِ وَسَلَّمَ غَدَاةً وَعَلَيهِ مِرطٌ مُرَحَّلٌ مِن شَعرٍ أَسوَدَ فَجَاءَ الحَسَنُ بنُ عَلِيٍّ فَأَدخَلَهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَ الحُسَينُ فَدَخَلَ مَعَهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَت فَاطِمَةُ فَأَدخَلَهَا ثُمَّ جَاءَ عَلِيٌّ فَأَدخَلَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ
Reference:
*- Sahih Muslim, Book 031, 5955 - Kitab Al-Fada'il Al-Sahabah; Page 946, #(2424)-61 (Arabic version)
When the Messenger of Allah noticed that a blessing from Allah was to descent, he told Safiyya (one of his wives): “Call for me! Call for me!” Safiyya said: “Call who, O the Messenger of Allah?” He said: “Call for me my Ahlul-Bayt who are Ali, Fatimah, al-Hasan, and al-Husain.” Thus we sent for them and they came to him. Then the Prophet (PBUH&HF) spread his cloak over them, and raised his hand (toward sky) saying: “O Allah! These are my family (Aalee), so bless Muhammad and the family (Aal) of Muhammad.” And Allah, to whom belong Might and Majesty, revealed: “Verily Allah intends to keep off from you every kind of uncleanness O' People of the House (Ahlul-Bayt), and purify you a thorough purification (Quran, the last sentence of Verse 33:33)”.
حدثني أبو الحسن إسماعيل بن محمد الفضل بن محمد الشعراني، حدثنا جدي، حدثنا أبو بكر بن أبي شيبة الحزامي، حدثنا محمد بن إسماعيل بن أبي فديك، حدثني عبد الرحمن بن أبي بكر المليكي، عن إسماعيل بن عبد الله بن جعفر بن أبي طالب، عن أبيه قال: لما نظر رسول الله -صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم- إلى رحمة هابطة قال: ادعوا لي، ادعوا لي. فقالت صفية: من يا رسول الله؟ قال: (أهل بيتي عليا، وفاطمة، والحسن، والحسين). فجيء بهم، فألقى عليهم النبي -صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم- كساءه، ثم رفع يديه، ثم قال: (اللهم هؤلاء آلي، فصلّ على محمد، وعلى آل محمد، وأنزل الله -عز وجل- { إنما يريد الله ليذهب عنكم الرجس أهل البيت ويطهركم تطهيرا هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يخرجاه. وقد صحت الرواية على شرط الشيخين أنه علمهم الصلاة على أهل بيته كما علمهم الصلاة على آله
Reference:
*- al-Mustadrak by al-Hakim, v3, p148, #307/4709
(المجلد الثالث << -31- كتاب معرفة الصحابة رضي الله تعالى عنهم >> ومن مناقب أهل رسول الله -صلَّى الله عليه وسلم - )
*- Talkhis of al-Mustadrak, by al-Dhahabi, v3, p148
*- Usdul Ghabah, by Ibn al-Athir, v3, p33
The Messenger of Allah recited “Verily Allah intends to keep off from you every kind of uncleanness O' People of the House (Ahlul-Bayt), and purify you a perfect purification”. (Quran, the last sentence of Verse 33:33) and then the Messenger of Allah said: “Thus Me and my Ahlul-Bayt are clear from the sins.”
Reference:
*- Sunan al-Tirmidhi, as quoted in: al-Durr al-Manthoor, by Jalaluddin al-Suyuti, v5, pp 605-606,198 under the commentary of Verse 33:33 of Quran.
*- Others such as al-Tabarani, Ibn Mardawayh, Abu Nu'aym.
The verse “Verily Allah intends to (33:33)” was revealed to the Prophet (PBUH&HF) in the house of Umm Salama. Upon that, the Prophet gathered Fatimah, al-Hasan, and al-Husain, and covered them with a cloak, and he also covered Ali who was behind him. Then the Prophet said: “O' Allah! These are the Members of my House (Ahlul-Bayt). Keep them away from every impurity and purify them with a perfect purification.” Umm Salama (the wife of Prophet) asked: “Am I also included among them O Apostle of Allah?” the Prophet replied: “You remain in your position and you are toward a good ending.”
حدَّثنَا قُتَيبةُ أخبَرنا مُحمَّد بنُ سُلَيمَانَ بنُ الأصبَهَانِيِّ عَن يَحيَى بن عُبَيدٍ عَن عَطَاءِ بنِ أبي رَباحٍ عَن عُمَرَ بنِ أبي سَلَمَة رَبِيبِ النَّبي صَلَّى اللَّه عليهِ وسَلَّم قالَ: لما نَزَلَت هَذِهِ الآيةُ عَلَى النَّبي صَلَّى اللَّه عليهِ وسَلَّم {إنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّه ليُذهِبَ عَنكُمُ الرِّجسَ أَهلَ البَيتِ ويُطَهِّرَكم تَطهِيراً} في بيتِ أمِّ سَلَمَة فدعا فاطمةَ وحَسناً وحُسيناً فجَلَّلهم بِكِساءٍ وعليٌّ خَلفَ ظَهرِهِ فجلَّلَهُ بِكِسَاءٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ: اللَّهمَّ هؤلاءِ أهلُ بيتي فأَذهِب عَنهمُ الرِّجسَ وطَهِّرهُم تَطهِيراً. قَالَت أم سَلَمة: وأنا معَهُم يا نبيَّ اللَّه، قَالَ أنت عَلَى مكَانِكِ وأنتِ عَلَى خيرٍ”
Reference:
*- Sunan al-Tirmidhi: v5,#3258, pp 351,663
(تابع: أبواب تفسير القرآن، عن رسول الله صلى اللّه عليه وسلم] >> سُورَة الأَحزَاب)
*- Musnad ibn Hanbal, v1,p330 [Entire book:(p272,#3062)]; v6,p292 [Entire book:(p1970,#27041)]; v6,p298 [Entire book:(p1974,#27085)]; v6,page 304 [Entire book:(p1977,#27132)]; v6,p323 [Entire book:(p1988,#27282)] - (Arabic version)
حدثنا قتيبة بن سعيد أخبرنا محمد بن سليمان بن الأصبهاني عن يحيى بن عبيد عن عطاء عن عمر بن أبي سلمة ربيب النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال نزلت هذه الآية على النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم {إنما يريد الله ليذهب عنكم الرجس أهل البيت ويطهركم تطهيرا} في بيت أم سلمة، فدعا النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فاطمة وحسنا وحسينا فجللهم بكساء وعلى خلف ظهره فجلله بكساء ثم قال: اللهم هؤلاء أهل بيتي فأذهب عنهم الرجس وطهرهم تطهيرا. قالت أم سلمة وأنا معهم يا رسول الله؟ قال أنت على مكانك وأنت الى خير”. وفي الباب عن أم سلمة ومعقل بن يسار وأبي الحمراء وأنس بن مالك. هذا حديث غريب من هذا الوجه
Reference:
*- Sunan al-Tirmidhi, v5, #3875
) المُجَلَّد الخَامِس >> أبواب المَنَاقِب عَن رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيهِ وسَلَّم >> مناقب أهل بيت النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم) حدثنا أبو العباس محمد بن يعقوب، حدثنا الربيع بن سليمان المرادي، وبحر بن نصر الخولاني قالا: حدثنا بشر بن بكر، وحدثنا الأوزاعي، حدثني أبو عمار، حدثني واثلة بن الأسقع قال: ( تدقيق إملائي ) أتيت عليا، فلم أجده، فقالت لي فاطمة: انطلق إلى رسول الله -صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم- يدعوه
فجاء مع رسول الله -صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم-، فدخلا، ودخلت معهما، فدعا رسول الله -صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم- الحسن والحسين، فأقعد كل واحد منهما على فخذيه، وأدنى فاطمة من حجره، وزوجها، ثم لف عليهم ثوبا، وقال : }) إنما يريد الله ليذهب عنكم الرجس أهل البيت ويطهركم تطهيرا })، ثم قال :
) هؤلاء أهل بيتي، اللهم أهل بيتي أحق). هذا حديث صحيح على شرط الشيخين، ولم يخرجاه
Reference:
*- Mustadrak al-Hakim: v3,#304/4706 (المجلد الثالث << -31- كتاب معرفة الصحابة رضي الله تعالى عنهم >> ومن مناقب أهل رسول الله -صلَّى الله عليه وسلم )
*- Mustadrak al-Hakim: v2,#696/3559 (المجلد الثاني << - 27 -كتاب التفسير >> -33- تفسير سورة الأحزاب) حدثنا أبو العباس محمد بن يعقوب، حدثنا الربيع بن سليمان المرادي وبحر بن نصر الخولاني قالا :
حدثنا بشر بن أحمد المحبوبي بمرو، حدثنا سعيد بن مسعود، حدثنا عبيد الله بن موسى، أنا زكريا بن أبي زائدة، حدثنا مصعب بن شيبة، عن صفية بنت شيبة قالت: حدثتني أم المؤمنين عائشة -رضي الله تعالى عنها- قالت :
خرج النبي -صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم- غداة وعليه مرط مرجل من شعر أسود، فجاء الحسن والحسين، فأدخلهما معه، ثم جاءت فاطمة، فأدخلها معهما، ثم جاء علي، فأدخله معهم، ثم قال :
}) إنما يريد الله ليذهب عنكم الرجس أهل البيت ويطهركم تطهيرا }). هذا حديث صحيح على شرط الشيخين، ولم يخرجاه
Reference:
*- Mustadrak al-Hakim: v3,#305/4707
) المجلد الثالث << -31- كتاب معرفة الصحابة رضي الله تعالى عنهم >> ومن مناقب أهل رسول الله -صلَّى الله عليه وسلم) حدثنا عبد الله حدثني أبي حدثنا عبد الله بن نمير قال حدثنا عبد الملك يعني ابن أبي سليمان عن عطاء بن أبي رباح قال حدثني من سمع أم سلمة تذكر أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم كان في بيتها فأتته ببرمة فيها خزيرة فدخلت بها عليه فقال لها: ادعي زوجك وابنيك قالت: فجاء علي والحسين والحسن فدخلوا عليه فجلسوا يأكلون من تلك الخزيرة وهو على منامة له على دكان تحته كساء له خيبري قالت: وأنا أصلي في الحجرة فأنزل الله عز وجل هذه الآية إنما يريد الله ليذهب عنكم الرجس أهل البيت ويطهركم تطهيرا قالت: فأخذ فضل الكساء فغشاهم به ثم أخرج يده فألوى بها إلى السماء ثم قال :
اللهم هؤلاء أهل بيتي وخاصتي فأذهب عنهم الرجس وطهرهم تطهيرا اللهم هؤلاء أهل بيتي وخاصتي فأذهب عنهم الرجس وطهرهم تطهيرا قالت: فأدخلت رأسي البيت فقلت: وأنا معكم يا رسول الله قال: إنك إلى خير إنك إلى خير قال عبد الملك وحدثني أبو ليلى عن أم سلمة مثل حديث عطاء سواء قال عبد الملك وحدثني داود بن أبي عوف الجحاف عن حوشب عن أم سلمة بمثله سواء
Reference:
*- Musnad ibn Hanbal, v6,p292 [Entire book:(p1970,#27041)]
حدثنا عبد الله حدثني أبي حدثنا أبو النضر هاشم بن القاسم حدثنا عبد الحميد يعني ابن بهرام قال حدثني شهر بن حوشب قال سمعت أم سلمة زوج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم حين جاء نعي الحسين بن علي لعنت أهل العراق فقالت: قتلوه قتلهم الله غروه وذلوه لعنهم الله فإني رأيت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم جاءته فاطمة غدية ببرمة قد صنعت له فيها عصيدة تحمله في طبق لها حتى وضعتها بين يديه فقال لها: أين ابن عمك قالت: هو في البيت قال: فاذهبي فادعيه وائتني بابنيه قالت: فجاءت تقود ابنيها كل واحد منهما بيد وعلي يمشي في أثرهما حتى دخلوا على رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فأجلسهما في حجره وجلس علي عن يمينه وجلست فاطمة عن يساره قالت: أم سلمة فاجتبذ من تحتي كساء خيبريا كان بساطا لنا على المنامة في المدينة فلفه النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم عليهم جميعا فأخذ بشماله طرفي الكساء وألوى بيده اليمنى إلى ربه عز وجل وقال: اللهم أهلي اذهب عنهم الرجس وطهرهم تطهيرا اللهم أهل بيتي اذهب عنهم الرجس وطهرهم تطهيرا اللهم أهل بيتي أذهب عنهم الرجس وطهرهم تطهيرا. قلت يا رسول الله ألست من أهلك قال بلى فادخلي في الكساء قالت: فدخلت في الكساء بعد ما قضى دعاءه لابن عمه علي وابنيه وابنته فاطمة رضي الله عنهم
Reference:
*- Musnad ibn Hanbal, v6,p298 [Entire book:(p1974,#27085)] Note how in some versions (e.g. Musnad ibn Hanbal, v6,p292), when the mother of believers, Umm Salama (ra) asked the prophet whether she was also a member of the family, he said Yes but he did not tell her to come under the cloak. In the above version, it is reported that she entered enter the cloak after the supplication (Dua'a), which indicates that although she is truly a member of the family of the prophet (in general), she is among those who were addressed by the verse of purification.
حدثنا عبد الله حدثني أبي حدثنا أبو أحمد الزبيري حدثنا سفيان عن زبيد عن شهر بن حوشب عن أم سلمة أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم جلل على علي وحسن وحسين وفاطمة كساء ثم قال: اللهم هؤلاء أهل بيتي وخاصتي اللهم أذهب عنهم الرجس وطهرهم تطهيرا فقالت: أم سلمة يا رسول الله أنا منهم قال: إنك إلى خير
Reference:
*- Musnad ibn Hanbal, v6,page 304 [Entire book:(p1977,#27132)]; More references from the musnad of Ahmad ibn Hanbal: v1,p330 [Entire book:(p272,#3062)]; v6,p323 [Entire book:(p1988,#27282)]
عن واثلة قال: أتيت فاطمة أسألها عن علي، فقالت: توجه إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فجلس. فجاء رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ومعه علي وحسن وحسين كل واحد منهما بيده حتى دخل، فأدنى عليا وفاطمة فأجلسهما بين يديه وأجلس حسنا وحسينا كل واحد منهما على فخذه ثم لف عليه ثوبه - أو قال: كساءه - ثم تلا هذه الآية { إنما يريد الله ليذهب عنكم الرجس أهل البيت) ثم قال: اللهم! إن هؤلاء أهل بيتي، وأهل بيتي أحق، فقلت: يا رسول الله! وأنا من أهلك، فقال: وأنت من أهلي. قال واثلة: إنها لمن أرجى ما أرجو
) ش، كر). (ترجم له ابن حجر في الإصابة (3/626) وقال آخر من مات بدمشق من الصحابة واثلة. ص) ابن جرير وصححه والدولابي في الذرية الطاهرة
Reference:
*- Kanz al-U'ummal, by al-Muttaqi al-Hindi, vol 13, #37544 (المجلد الثالث عشر >> واثلة بن الأسقع رضي الله عنه )
The next narrations of this section show clearly that the prophet spent several months going to the door of sitna Fatimah and imam Ali at the time of each prayer and identified them as the Ahlul Bayt. And each time, He would say “Certainly God wants only to keep away all the evil from you, Members of the House, and purify you with a thorough purification.” Here's a list of scholars that report this authentic event. Again, where is the confusion coming from??
Anas Ibn Malik narrated: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH&HF), from the time the revelation of “Verily Allah intends to... (the last part of Verse 33:33)” and for six (6) months thereafter, stood by the door of the House of Fatimah and said: “Time for Prayer Ahlul-Bayt; No doubt! Allah wished to remove all abomination from you and make you pure and spotless.”
حدَّثنَا عَبدُ بن حُمَيد أخبَرنا عفَّان بنُ مُسلِمٍ أخبَرنا حَمَّادُ بنُ سَلَمَة أخبَرنا عليُّ بنُ زَيدٍ عَن أَنَسِ بن مَالِكٍ “أنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عليهِ وسَلَّم كَانَ يمرُّ ببابِ فاطمةَ ستةَ أشهرٍ إذا خرَجَ لصلاةِ الفَجرِ يَقُولُ: الصلاة يا أهلَ البيتِ {إنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّه ليُذهِبَ عَنكُمَ الرِّجسَ أهلَ البيتِ ويُطَهِّرَكُم تَطهيراً} هَذَا حَدِيِثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ مِن هَذَا الوَجهِ إنما نَعرِفُهُ مِن حَدِيثِ حَمَّادِ بنِ سَلَمَةَ. وفي البَابِ عَن أبي الحَمراءِ مَعقِلِ بنِ يسَارٍ وأُمِّ سَلَمَةَ
Reference:
*- Sunan al-Tirmidhi, v5, #3259 (المُجَلَّد الخَامِس << [تابع: أبواب تفسير القرآن، عن رسول الله صلى اللّه عليه وسلم] >> سُورَة الأَحزَاب )
*- Musnad Ahmad Ibn Hanbal: v3,p259 [entire book: p964,#13764]; v3,p285 [entire book: p983,#14086]
*- Tafsir al-Durr al-Manthoor, by al-Suyuti, v5, pp 197,199
*- Tafsir Ibn Jarir al-Tabari, v22, pp 5,6 (saying seven month)
*- Tafsir Ibn Kathir, v3, p483
*- Musnad, by al-Tiyalasi, v8, p274
*- Usdul Ghabah, by Ibn al-Athir, v5, p146
*- Jaami'i al-Bayan, Imam al-Tabari: Chapter 22, #21729 (الجزء 22 << سورة الأحزاب >> القول في تأويل قوله تعالى: {يا نساء النبي لستن كأحد من النساء إن اتقيتن })
*- Mu'ujam al-Tabarani al-Kabeer ( باب الهاء. هلال بن الحارث أبو الحمراء صاحب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم )
*- Kanz al-U'ummal, by al-Muttaqi al-Hindi, vol 13, #37635 (فصل في فضلهم مجملا )
*- Majmau'u al-Zawa'id, by al-Hafidh al-Haythami, vol 9, #14985, #14986 (كتاب المناقب. 14. باب في فضل أهل البيت رضي الله عنهم )
حدثنا أبو بكر محمد بن عبد الله الحفيد، حدثنا الحسين بن الفضل البجلي، حدثنا عفان بن مسلم، حدثنا حماد بن سلمة، أخبرني حميد وعلي بن زيد، عن أنس بن مالك -رضي الله تعالى عنه -:
أن رسول الله -صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم- كان يمر بباب فاطمة -رضي الله تعالى عنها-، ستة أشهر إذا خرج لصلاة الفجر، يقول: (الصلاة يا أهل البيت، إنما يريد الله ليذهب عنكم الرجس أهل البيت، ويطهركم تطهيرا)
هذا حديث صحيح على شرط مسلم، ولم يخرجاه
Reference:
*- Mustadrak al-Hakim, by Muhammad ibn Abdullah al-Hakim al-Nisaboori, vol 3, #4748/346 (كتاب معرفة الصحابة رضي الله تعالى عنهم. ذكر مناقب: فاطمة بنت رسول الله -صلَّى الله عليه وسلم )
Abu al-Hamra narrated: “The Messenger of God continued eight (8) months in Medina, coming to the door of Ali at every morning prayer, putting his two hands on the two sides of the door and exclaiming : “Assalat! Assalat! (prayer! prayer!) Certainly God ward off all uncleanness from you, O Members of the House of Muhammad, and to make you pure and spotless.”
Reference:
*- Tafsir al-Durr al-Manthoor, by al-Suyuti, v5, pp 198-199
*- Tafsir Ibn Jarir al-Tabari, v22, p6
*- Tafsir Ibn Kathir, v3, p483
*- Dhakha'ir al-Uqba, by Muhibbuddin al-Tabari, p24 on the authority of Anas Ibn Malik
*- Isti'ab, by Ibn Abd al-Barr, v5, p637
*- Usdul Ghabah, by Ibn al-Athir, v5, p146
*- Majma' al-Zawa'id, by al-Haythami, v9, pp 121,168
*- Mushkil al-Athar, by al-Tahawi, p338
Ibn Abbas (RA) narrated: “We have witnessed the Messenger of God for nine (9) months coming to the door of Ali, son of Abu Talib, at the time of each prayer and saying: 'Assalamu Alaykum Wa Rahmatullah Ahlul-Bayt (Peace and Mercy of God be upon you, O Members of the House). Certainly God wants only to keep away all the evil from you, Members of the House, and purify you with a thorough purification.' He did this seven times a day.”
Reference:
*- al-Durr al-Manthoor, by al-Hafidh al-Suyuti, v5, p198
The mothers of the believers, Aisha, Umm Salamah and Safiya (ra) state themselves that the household of the prophet are Ali, Fatimah, al-Hassan and al-Hussein. No wives are included. All the traditions are clear. So where does the confusion come from? Sayed Mohammed Tijani Smaoui compiled a short list of reliable scholars who have reported similar hadiths describing the members of Ahlul Bayt. Feel free to verify the sources yourself.
Yazid b. Hayyan reported, I went along with Husain b. Sabra and 'Umar b. Muslim to Zaid b. Arqam and, as we sat by his side, Husain said to him:
Zaid. you have been able to acquire a great virtue that you saw Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) listened to his talk, fought by his side in (different) battles, offered prayer behind me. Zaid, you have in fact earned a great virtue. Zaid, narrate to us what you heard from Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him).
He said: I have grown old and have almost spent my age and I have forgotten some of the things which I remembered in connection with Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him), so accept whatever I narrate to you, and which I do not narrate do not compel me to do that. He then said: One day Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) stood up to deliver sermon at a watering place known as Khumm situated between Mecca and Medina. He praised Allah, extolled Him and delivered the sermon and exhorted (us) and said: Now to our purpose.
O people, I am a human being. I am about to receive a messenger (the angel of death) from my Lord and I, in response to Allah's call, (would bid good-bye to you), but I am leaving among you two weighty things: the one being the Book of Allah in which there is right guidance and light, so hold fast to the Book of Allah and adhere to it. He exhorted (us) (to hold fast) to the Book of Allah and then said: The second are the members of my household I remind you (of your duties) to the members of my family.
He (Husain) said to Zaid: Who are the members of his household? Aren't his wives the members of his family? Thereupon he said: His wives are the members of his family (but here) the members of his family are those for whom acceptance of Zakat is forbidden. And he said: Who are they? Thereupon he said: 'Ali and the offspring of 'Ali, 'Aqil and the offspring of 'Aqil and the offspring of Ja'far and the offspring of 'Abbas. Husain said: These are those for whom the acceptance of Zakat is forbidden. Zaid said: Yes.
Reference:
*- Sahih Muslim, Book 031, 5920 - Kitab Al-Fada'il Al-Sahabah; Page 941, #(2408)-36, Book: Fada'il Al-Sahabah - (Arabic version) The last part of the above haddith (#5920) is in contradiction with the previous narrations that specified who the members of Ahlul Bayt were and is also in contradiction with the authentic traditions of the Shia'a. The offsprings of Abbas are not members of ahlul bayt, since many of them were tyrant rulers among the abbasids. How can these offsprings be members of ahlul bayt whom the prophet told us to hold fast to and obey and follow. Remember that this companion said that he had grown old and did not remember accurately the sayings. Moreover, the same narration says that the wives are not members of the Ahlul Bayt, which agree with the previous narrations and those of the Shia'a twelvers.
Yazid b. Hayyan reported: We went to him (Zaid b. Arqam) and said to him. You have found goodness (for you had the honour) to live in the company of Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) and offered prayer behind him, and the rest of the hadith is the same but with this variation of wording that lie said: Behold, for I am leaving amongst you two weighty things, one of which is the Book of Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, and that is the rope of Allah. He who holds it fast would be on right guidance and he who abandons it would be in error, and in this (hadith) these words are also found: We said: Who are amongst the members of the household? Aren't the wives (of the Holy Prophet) included amongst the members of his house hold?
Thereupon he said: No, by Allah, a woman lives with a man (as his wife) for a certain period; he then divorces her and she goes back to her parents and to her people; the members of his household include his ownself and his kith and kin (who are related to him by blood) and for him the acceptance of Zakat is prohibited.
Reference:
*- Sahih Muslim, Book 031, 5923 - Kitab Al-Fada'il Al-Sahabah; Page 941, #(2408)-37, Book: Fada'il Al-Sahabah - (Arabic version) One last point: The purified members of Ahlul Bayt will never wage wars on one another, otherwise, this will contradict the concept of thorough purification! So how could the mother of believers Aisha (ra), who waged war against Imam Ali (a member of Ahlul Bayt) in the battle of the Camel, also be a member of Ahlul Bayt??? Would not that contradict and nullify the entire concept of being purified by Allah??? And if Aisha is not a member of Ahlul Bayt, then no other wive is.
It is therefore clear that, by reasoning and authentic narrations, the members of Ahlul Bayt that Allah has purified are the prophet, Ali, Fatimah, al-Hassan and al-Hussein. The wives are excluded from this group.
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Author: Tebyan
