Islamic Concept of Intermediation (Tawassul)
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Author: Dr Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri
Publisher: Minhaj-ul-Quran Publications
Category: Debates and Replies
Author: Dr Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri
Publisher: Minhaj-ul-Quran Publications
Category:
Download: 3766
- Preface
- About the Book
- CHAPTER ONE: Reality of Intermediation
- Section One: Basic conceptions of intermediation (Tawassul)
- Different views about intermediation (Tawassul)
- True sense of the concept of intermediation (Tawassul)
- Important terminology about Tawassul
- Section Two :Literal meaning of Tawassul
- Technical meaning of Tawassul
- Kinds of Tawassul
- Difference between the two
- 3. at-Tawassul bid-du‘ā’
- 4. at-Tawassul bin-nidā’
- Mutual relation between intermediation, intercession and seeking aid
- References
- CHAPTER TWO: The Doctrine of Tawassul (In the Light of Qur’ān)
- Argument No. 1: Injunction for seeking means of approach
- Argument No. 2: Search for means of approach is a valid act
- Argument No. 3: Intermediation through the holy Prophet (SAW)
- Argument No. 4: Relief from distress through the holy Prophet (SAW) on the Day of Judgement
- Argument No. 5: Steadfastness in guidance through the holy Prophet (SAW)
- Argument No. 6: Stalling of punishment through the mediation of the Prophet (SAW)
- Argument No. 7: Zakariyyā’s use of Maryam’s place of worship as means
- Rectification of an error
- Immediate acceptance of prayer through mediation
- Argument No. 8: Return of Ya‘qūb’s eyesight through the mediation of Yūsuf’s shirt
- Real meaning of supernatural causes
- Argument No. 9: Self-humiliation and helplessness as a form of means
- Argument No. 10: Prayer for the entire Ummah as a source of intermediation
- Argument No. 11: Addition of the word Rabb to the names of the righteous as a form of means
- Argument No. 12: Intermediation through remembering the Lord
- Argument No. 13: Intermediation through remembering the prophets and the saints
- Argument No. 14: Intermediation through Allah’s blessings
- Argument No. 15: Intermediation through the Lord’s promise
- References
- CHAPTER THREE: Rejection of Objections against Tawassul
- Section One :Rectification of doubts and errors
- First objection: Tawassul is not valid through another person
- Correct Stand on Tawassul through another person
- Second objection: Good deeds of one’s children are not deeds of others
- Correct view
- Need for a correct understanding of Qur’anic verses
- Third objection: To attain nearness to Allah, Tawassul is invalid as worship of anyone except Allah is invalid
- Reply: Worship of non-Allah cannot be proved by the argument for intermediation
- First similitude
- Second similitude
- Fourth objection: Prophets and saints were themselves in search of mediation
- Proof for the justification of Tawassul in the holy verse
- Section Two : Tawassul through the prophets and the righteous (In fact Tawassul through virtuous deeds)
- Objection
- Answer
- 1. Love of Allah’s favourites as a form of mediation
- 2. Reciprocal nearness of lover and beloved on the Day of Judgement
- 3. Love for Allah’s lovers is the cause of divine love
- 4. Love for the sake of Allah results in higher grades
- 5. Love of Allah’s friends is the cause of Allah’s love
- References
- CHAPTER FOUR: The Doctrine of Tawassul (In the Light of Sacred Traditions)
- Purging disbelief in Muhammad's followers
- Section One : Intermediation through good deeds
- 1. Deliverance from trouble through mediation
- 2. Prayer as mediation
- 3. Nearness of Allah through voluntary prayer
- 4. Deliverance from the hellfire through better upbringing of daughters
- 5. Deliverance from punishment through the mediation of the penitent
- Section Two: Mediation in supplication
- 1. Intermediation through Allah’s names and attributes
- 2. Prayer through the mediation of Allah’s Personal names
- 3. Prayer through the mediation of divine acts and attributes
- 4. Intermediation through the Prophet’s high station
- 5. Sending blessings on the Prophet (SAW) as mediation for the acceptance of prayer
- 6. The Prophet’s supplication through the mediation of his own person and other prophets
- 7. Intermediation through the supplicant
- 8. Intermediation through the weak
- 9. Intermediation through the supplication of the prophets
- References
- CHAPTER FIVE: Intermediation through the Prophet (SAW)
- The doctrine of intermediation through the holy Prophet (SAW)
- Four forms of intermediation through the holy Prophet (SAW)
- Section One: Intermediation through the holy Prophet (Peac Be Up Him and His Household) before his birth
- 1. Adam’s intermediation through the holy Prophet (SAW)
- 2. The Prophet (SAW) as a source of intermediation for Jews
- Justification for intermediation through the Prophet (SAW) after his death
- References
- Section Two: Intermediation through the holy Prophet (Peac Be Up Him and His Household) during his physical existence
- First argument: Waiving of punishment against the Ummah through the holy Prophet’s mediation
- Second argument: Forgiveness of the Companions through the Prophet’s mediation
- Third argument: Medina as the source of charity of intercession
- Fourth argument: Return of eyesight through the Prophet’s mediation
- Fifth argument: Descending of rain through the Prophet’s mediation
- Summary of the discussion
- References
- Section Three: Intermediation through the holy Prophet (Peac Be Up Him and His Household) after his death
- 1. God’s bounty through the Prophet’s mediation
- 2. Forgiveness through the means of the holy Prophet (SAW)
- 3. Intermediation through the Prophet’s request for forgiveness after his death
- 4. Descension of rain through the Prophet’s means
- 5. Intermediation through the Prophet’s grave during ‘Umar’s tenure
- 6. Fulfilment of needs through the Prophet’s mediation
- 7. Intermediation through the Prophet (SAW) on the Day of Judgement
- References
- Section Four: Intermediation through the Prophet’s relics
- 1. Desire to be buried in the Prophet’s vicinity
- 2. The small water bag of leather as a source of blessing
- 3. Cure through the mediation of the Prophet’s gown
- 4. The Prophet’s ring
- 5. Blessing through the Prophet’s blanket
- 6. Blessing through the Prophet’s sandals
- 7. Blessing through the holy goblet
- 8. Blessing through the holy hair
- 9. Victory in war through the mediation of the Prophet’s hair
- 10. Making a coffin out of the clothes worn by the Prophet (SAW)
- 11. Blessings through the Prophet’s spittle
- 12. Blessing through the Holy Prophet’s perspiration
- 13. Blessing through the Holy Prophet’s handwash
- 14. Blessing through the Holy Prophet’s nail
- 15. Blessing through the Holy Prophet’s staff
- 16. Blessing through the Prophet’s pulpit
- 17. Blessing through the gold given by the Prophet (SAW)
- 18. Blessings through the Prophet’s hands and feet
- Summary
- References
- CHAPTER SIX: Intermediation through Persons other than Prophets
- Proof of purgatorial life
- The life and capacity of the soul
- The dead as a source of benefit for the living
- Section One : Intermediation through the pious
- 1. Mediation of pious parents
- 2. ‘Abbās as a means of help
- 3. Command for supplication through the mediation of Uways Qaranī
- 4. Victory through the Companions and the Successors
- 5. Stalling of punishment through the mediation of the Substitutes
- 6. Fulfilment of people’s needs through the mediation of the righteous
- 7. Intermediation through Allah’s favourites in the jungle
- 8. Subsistence through the blessing of the weak and the decrepit
- Summary
- Section Two : Intermediation through the relics of the pious
- 1. Intermediation through Ibrāhīm’s site
- 2. Relics of the saints as a means of life
- 3. Consensus of exegetes on acquisition of blessing and on intermediation through the relics of the saints
- 4. Evidence from tradition about receiving blessing from the relics of the saints and the prophets
- 5. Construction of mosques beside the tombs of the saints
- References
- CHAPTER SEVEN: Religious Leaders who believe in Intermediation: their Experiences and Observations
- Ideas and beliefs of religious leaders
- 1. Imam Zayn-ul-‘Ābidīn
- 2. Imam Mālik
- 3. Imam Qurtubī
- 4. Imam Hākim
- 5. Imam Bayhaqī
- 6. Qādī ‘Iyād
- 7. Imam Nawawī
- 8. Imam Ibn Taymiyyah
- 9. Subkī
- 10. Imam Ibn Kathīr
- 11. Ibn Hajar ‘Asqalānī
- 12. ‘Abd-ur-Rahmān Jāmī
- 13. Suyūtī
- 14. Qastallānī
- 15. Ibn Hajar Haythamī
- 16. Nūr-ud-Dīn Qārī
- 17. Ahmad Shihāb-ud-Dīn Khafājī
- 18. Muhammad bin ‘Abd-ul-Bāqī Zurqānī
- 19. Muhammad bin ‘Alī Shawkānī
- 20. Ibn ‘Ābidīn Shāmī
- 21. Mahmūd Ālūsī
- 22. Shāh ‘Abd-ul-Haqq Muhaddith Dihlawī
- 23. Muhammad Zāhid Kawtharī
- 24. Mawlānā Ashraf ‘Alī Thānwī
- 25. Ahmad bin Zaynī Dahlān
- 26. Muhammad bin ‘Alawī al-Mālikī
- 27. Muhammad Hishām Kabbānī
- 28. Mahmūd Sa‘īd Mamdūh
- Experiences and observations of the great saints
- 1. The tomb of Umm Harām bint Milhān
- 2. The tomb of Abū Ayyūb al-Ansārī
- 3. Ibn Abū Hātim Rāzī
- 4. Imam Shāfi‘ī
- 5. Ibn-ul-Jawzī
- 6. ‘Abd-ul-Ghanī Maqdisī Hambalī
- 7. Abū al-Qāsim Qushayrī
- 8. Mujaddid Alf Thānī
- 9. Shāh Walī Allah Muhaddith Dihlawī
- A brief summary
- The Last Word
- Refererences
- Glossary
- Bibliography