References
1. Sūrat al-Shu‘arā’ 26:92-101.
2. Sūrat al-An‘ām 6:1.
3. Sūrat al-Naml 27:60.
4. Sūrat al-An‘ām 6:150.
5. Nahj al-Balāghah, sermon [khutbah] no. 90.
6. Sūrat al-Baqarah 2:163.
7. Sūrat Āl ‘Imrān 3:62.
8. Sūrat Āl ‘Imrān 3:58-64.
9. Head tax imposed on all non-Muslims living under the protection of an Islamic government.
10. Sūrat al-Nisā’ 4:171-172.
11. Tafsīr ‘Illīyyīn, p. 105, footnote of this very verse.
12. Sūrat al-Mā’idah 5:73.
13. Sūrat al-An‘ām 6:19.
14. Sūrat al-A‘rāf 7:59.
15. Sūrat al-A‘rāf 7:65.
16. Sūrat al-A‘rāf 7:73.
17. Sūrat al-A‘rāf 7:85.
18. Sūrat al-Nahl 16:51.
19. Ellipsis: the omitted phrase here and in the following verses (61-64) is ‘better or the partners they ascribe to Him’.
20. Sūrat al-Naml 27:59-64.
21. That is, in the heavens and the earth.
22. Sūrat al-Anbiyā’ 21:91.
23. Sūrat al-Mu’minūn 23:91.
24. Sūrat al-Baqarah 2:165.
25. Sūrat al-Ra‘d 13:16.
26. Sūrat Luqmān 31:10-11.
27. Sūrat Luqmān 31:13.
28. That is, the gods worshipped by the polytheists.
29. Sūrat Saba’ 34:22.
30. Sūrat Fātir 35:40-41.
31. That is, after His withholding it. Or ‘no one can release it except Him.’
32. Sūrat Fātir 35:2.
33. Sūrat al-Sāffāt 37:35-36.
34. That is, in the polytheistic creed prevalent in pre-Islamic Arabia.
35. Sūrat Sād 38:5-7.
36. Sūrat al-Zumar 39:14.
37. The parable compares the polytheist with the monotheist. The worshipper of multiple deities is likened to a slave trying to please several masters.
38. Sūrat al-Zumar 39:29.
39. Sūrat al-Zumar 39:45.
40. The Sūrah—also called Sūrat al-Ikhlās—is a statement of Islamic monotheism which negates any kind of anthropomorphism that may compromise pure monotheism or tawhīd. It is called ‘Sūrat al-Ikhlās’ as it purges tawhīd of deviant ideas and posits it in its exclusive purity.
41. Sūrat al-An‘ām 6:14.
42. Sūrat al-An‘ām 6:164.
43. Sūrat Yūnus 10:18.
44. Al-Mīzān, vol. 10, p. 27, exegesis of the above quoted verse.
45. Majma‘ al-Bayān, vol. 5, p. 167, exegesis of the above quoted verse.
46. Kishāf, vol. 2, p. 185, exegesis of the above quoted verse.
47. Sūrat al-Zumar 39:3-4.
48. That is, of the Apostle of Allah (s).
49. Sūrat al-Zukhruf 43:85-89.
50. Sūrat Yā Sīn 36:23.
51. Al-Mīzān, vol. 6, p. 109.
52. Al-Mīzān, vol. 10, p. 305; exegesis of Sūrat Hūd 11:36-49.
53. Sūrat al-Baqarah 2:48.
54. Al-Mīzān, vol. 1, p. 167, exegesis of the above quoted verse.
55. Sūrat al-Zumar 39:9.
56. Sūrat Sād 38:5-7.
57. Al-Mīzān, vol. 6, p. 90, exegesis of verses 68-86 of Sūrat al-Mā’idah.
58. Or ‘those who were before them had lied likewise’, in accordance with abrisī).&an alternate reading. (See al-Zamakhsharī, al-Rāzī, and al-T
59. Sūrat al-An‘ām 6:148.
60. Sūrat al-An‘ām 6:81.
61. Sūrat al-‘Ankabūt 29:61-63.
62. Sūrat al-Zumar 39:3.
63. Mi‘yār al-Shirk fī al-Qur’ān, pp. 33-41.
64. Sūrat al-Anbiyā’ 21:28.
65. ā Hā 20:109.&Sūrat T
66. Sūrat Saba’ 34:23.
67. Sūrat al-Baqarah 2:255.
68. A Study of Polytheism and Idolatry in the Qur’an.
69. Sūrat al-A‘rāf 7:180.
70. Tafsīr Nūr al-Thaqalayn, vol. 2, p. 103, exegesis of the above quoted verse from Usūl al-Kāfī.
71. Remarked in an academic session on ethics which the author of this book attended in person.
72. Sūrat al-Mā’idah 5:94. Refer to “Al-Mīzān”, exegesis of verse 48 of Sūrat al-Baqarah, which says, “Beware of the Day when soul shall compensate for another, neither any intercession shall be accepted from it, nor any ransom shall be received from it, nor will they be helped.”
73. Sūrat al-Zumar 39:43-44.
74. Sūrat al-An‘ām 6:94.
75. Majma‘ al-Bayān, vol. 4, p. 116.
76. Sūrat Yā Sīn 36:23.
77. Jews and Christians.